k1 hf ( xr , y r )
y r 1 y r a1k 1 ; a1 1
y r 1 y r k 1
METODE RUNGE-
KUTTA
Orde-2
k1 hf ( xr , y r )
k 2 hf ( xr h, y r k1 )
y r 1 y r 1 2 (k1 k 2 )
METODE RUNGE-
KUTTA
Orde-3
k1 hf ( xr , y r )
k 2 hf ( xr 1 2 h, y r 1 2 k1 )
k 3 hf ( xr h, y r k1 2k 2 )
y r 1 y r 1 6 (k1 4k 2 k 3 )
METODE
RUNGE-
KUTTA
Orde-4
k1 hf ( xr , y r )
k 2 hf ( xr 1 2 h, y r 1 2 k1 )
k 3 hf ( xr 1 2 h, y r 1 2 k 2 )
k 4 hf ( xr h, y r k3 )
y r 1 y r 1 6 (k1 2k 2 2k3 k 4 )
CONTOH 1
Tentukan solusi y(1) bila PDB
dengan metode Runge-Kutta
orde 3, bila diketahui:
dy
2 x y y 0;
2
y (0) 2, h 0.5, y (1) ?
dx
dy yx y 2
f ( x, y)
dx 2
CONTOH 1
k1 hf ( xr , yr ) 0.5 f (0,2) 0.5(1) 0.5
k2 hf ( xr 1 2 h, yr 1 2 k1 ) 0.5 f (0.25, 2 0.25)
0.5(1.0547) 0.5274
k3 hf ( xr h, yr k1 2k 2 )
0.5 f (0 0.5, 2 0.5 2(0.5274)
0.5 f (0.5, 2.5548)
0.5(0.9581) 0.4791
CONTOH 1
y r 1 y r 1 6 (k1 4k 2 k 3 )
y1 y0 1 6 (k1 4k 2 k 3 )
2 1 6 (0.5 4(0.5274 ) 0.4791 )
2.5148
CONTOH 1
( x1 , y1 ) (0.5, 2.5148 )
k1 hf ( xr , y r ) 0.5 f (0.5, 2.5148 )
0.5(0.9431 ) 0.4716
k 2 hf ( xr 1 2 h, y r 1 2 k1 )
0.5 f (0.5 1 2 (0.5), 2.5148 1 2 (0.4716 ))
0.5 f (0.75, 2.7506 ) 0.5(0.6017 )
0.3009
CONTOH 1
k3 hf ( xr h, yr k1 2k2 )
0.5 f (0.5 0.5, 2.5148 0.4716 2(0.3009))
0.5 f (1, 2.645) 0
y r 1 y r 1 6 (k1 4k 2 k3 )
y 2 y1 1 6 (k1 4k 2 k3 )
2.5148 1 6 (0.4716 4(0.3009 ) 0)
2.5148 0.2792 2.794
CONTOH 2
Tentukan y(0.20) dengan metode
Runge -Kutta orde tiga. Gunakan
ukuran langkah
h = 0.10.
Diketahui PDB
dy/dx 1 + y2 ; y(0) = 0
Penyelesaian:
CONTOH 2
Diketahui
a = x0 = 0
b = 0.20
h = 0.10
Langkah:
x0 = 0 y0 = 0
x1 = 0.10 y1 = ?
k1 = hf(x0, y0) CONTOH 2
= (0.10) (1 + 02)
= 0.10
k2 = hf(x0 + 1/2 h, y0 + 1/2 k1)
= (0.10) (1 + 0.0522)
= 0.10025
k3 = hf(x0 + h, y0 - k1 + 2 k2)
= (0.10) (1 + 0.10052^2)
= 0.10101
y1 = y0 + 1/6 ( k1 + 4 k2 + k3)
= 0 + 1/6 (0.10 + 4(0.10025)
+0.10101)
= 0.10034
CONTOH 2
x2 = 0.20 y2 = ?
k1 = hf(x1,y1) = (0.10)(1 +
0.1003422) = 0.10101
k3 = hf(x1 + h, y1 - k1 + 2k2)
= (0.10) (1 + 0.2038922)
= 0.10416
CONTOH 2
y2 = y1 + 1/6 (k1 + 4k2 + k3)
= 0.10034 + 1/6 (0.10101 + 4 .
0.10228 + 0.10416)
= 0.20272