TUJUAN :
Memahami modalitas imejing yang
digunakan pada kasus neuroradiologi
Memahami anatomi SSP
Memahami gambaran radiologi trauma
kepala dan tulang punggung
Memahami gambaran radiologis stroke
Memahami gambaran radiologis
peningkatan tekanan intrakranial
Modalitas Imejing
Neuroradiologi
X foto cranium
X foto vertebra
CT scan
MRI
USG
Angiografi
X Foto Cranium
Intraaxi
Normal
Intrakra al
CT
Abnorm nial
Extraaxi
al extrakra al
nial
Bagaimana Membedakan Densitas
Jaringan
HU : Hounsfield’s Unit
Udara : - 1000
Air : 0-30
Lemak : -100
Jaringan parenkim otak : 30-40
Perdarahan : 50-80
Kalsifikasi : > 100
Tulang : > 400
Expertise CT Scan
Sulci corticalis
Gyrus
Differensiasi grey-white matter
Sistem ventrikel
Sistem sisterna
Lesi hipo-hiperdens
Midline shifting
Batang otak dan serebelum
Fraktur (trauma)
MRI
Kelebihan MRI dibandingkan CT scan : NON
RADIASI
MRI adalah teknik pilihan untuk
pemeriksaan pada kasus :
a. Hyperacute Ischemic dengan sekuen
DWI
b. Tumor pada fossa posterior
ANGIOGRAFI
Digital Substarction Angiography
CT Angio
MR Angio
DSA
CT-MR ANGIOGRAFI
USG
Untuk pediatrik : melihat anatomi dan
patofisiologi otak sebelum penutupan
sutura
Yang bisa dinilai pada USG kepala
pediatrik :
perdarahan, hidrocephalus, kelainan
kongenital
USG Dopller :
menilai vaskular ( a. carotis dan pangkal a.
cerebri )
USG
Corotid-Trans Cranial Doppler
ANATOMI
ANATOMI
ANATOMI
ANATOMI
ANATOMI
TRAUMA
Fraktur
Subgaleal hematome
EDH
SDH
Kontusio Hemoragik
Sub Arahnoid Hemoragik
Diffuse Injury
Fraktur Os Cranium
Fraktur linier
Diastase sutura
Fraktur Impresi
Trauma Vertebra
Trauma Vertebra
Subgaleal Hematome
Subgaleal Hematome
EDH vs SDH
EDH SDH
Coup side Countre -oup side
Associated skull fracture in 90 No consistent relationship to
% case the presence of skull fracture
Does not cross suture line Does cross suture line
May extend from supra to Limited to supra to
infratentorial infratentorial compartement
May be arterial or venous in venous in origin
origin
Medical emergency May be chronic
Magnitude of the mass effect Magnitude of the mass effect
caused by EDH is usually caused by SDH is more often
proportional to the size of the associated with underlying
extracereberal collection parenchimal injury
EDH vs SDH
EDH
SDH
CONTUSION HEMORRHAGE
CONTUSION HEMORRHAGE
SUB ARACHNOID
HEMORRHAGE
DIFFUSE INJURY
Grade 1 = normal CT scan (9.6% mortality)
Grade 2 = cisterns present, shift < 5mm
(13.5% mortality)
Grade 3 = Cistern compressed/ absent,
shift <5mm (34% mortality)
Grade 4 = Shift > 5mm (56.2% mortality)