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"KONTRUKSI RANGKA KAP"

J
10

21

20

11

12

25

24
17

16

15

5.2

23

18

26

13

6
1

J'

3
15

Diketahui

Sin

L
H
Jarak Kap (b)
Beban tak Terduga
Beban Angin
Atap Seng BWG 24
Sambungan Memakai

Diminta

JJ'
AJ

=
=
=
=
=
=

15
5.2
4.15
100
100

=
=
=
=

10
1
2
3

5.2
7.5

arc Sin-1

Rencanakan Konstruksi Rangka Kap Baja

= 0.693
=

m
m
m
kg
kg
kg/m2
baut
paku keling
las

35

( Buku teknik sipil hal.179 - 182 )

14.5
2.4
4.8
9.7
4.85

PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG


= X

AJ'

15

7.5

] Panjang Batang AJ'


AJ2

AJ2

7.5

=
=
=

56.25
+
27.04
83.29
9.1263
m

AJ
AJ
AJ

AJ' 2

JJ' 2

+
2

] Untuk Jarak Gording


AG = GH =

5.2

x
=

x
= 2.282 m

AJ
9.13

MF

atau

OE2

OE2

OE2

9.00

OE2

= 7.6986
=
7.6986
= 2.775 m

HI

IJ

] Untuk Panjang Batang


EG =
IN
= KO

OE

14
AE2
2

19

GE2

GE
GE
GE

OG2

2.28

2.77

x 2.282

1.301

= 1.301 + 7.699
=
9.000
= 3.00 m

] Untuk panjang batang


15 = 16 = 17 = 20 = 21

EH = CH = CN = NJ = OJ

= OD = OC = CD

24 = 25 = 26

atau

CJ2
CJ
5.2

1.5

J'

Jadi panjang batang CN adalah


= x
5.412
=
2.7060

CJ2
CJ
CJ

=
=

CJ' 2
2

JJ' 2

5.2

= 2 + 27.04
=
29.290
= 5.412 m

27

AG2

OE2

22

Jadi Panjang Batang GE adalah


GE2

] Untuk panjang batang HN = OC atau 18 = 23


N

OH2

HC

OC

2.71

2.6

OH2
OH
OH

=
=
=

7.32 - 6.760
0.562
0.75 m

0.7500

1.50

OH
2.6
C

Jadi panjang batang HN = oL


= 2 x OH = 2 x

I. PERHITUNGAN GORDING
I.1 Jarak Gording l
Diketahui Tinggi ( H )
Panjang AJ = BJ
Jarak Gording ( A )

=
=
=

5.2 m
9.126 m
2.282 m

I.2 Pembebanan pada gording


a. Beban atap
Atap yang dipakai adalah

Seng

10

kg/m2

Q = Q atap x Jarak Gording


Q = 10 x 2.282 = 22.82 kg/m2

2.2816
Sehingga :
Qx = Q cos a
= 22.81584 cos 35
= 18.7500 kg/m

Mx =
=

1
8
1

x Qx x b2
x

18.7500

4.2

4.2

8
= 2.34375 x 17.2
= 40.36523 kg.m
Qy = Q sin a
= 22.81584 sin 35
= 13.0000 kg/m

My =
=

1
8
1
8

x Qx x b2
x

13.0000

=
1.625
x 17.2
= 27.98656 kg.m

b Beban atap
Diketahui beban angin =

kg/m2

100

Sy = Beban angin x Jarak Gording x


Koefisien angin
a

2.2816

Koefisien tekan angin untuk sudut atap = a <


c = 0.02 x
a
x
0.4
= 0.02 x
35
x
0.4
= 0.3
Sy =
Sx =

Mx =
=

( buku teknik sipil hal. 183 )

0 (Sebab angin tegak lurus bidang atas)


100 x 2.2816
x
0.3 = 63.4004 kg/m
1
8
1

x Sx x b2
x

My =

63.4004

x 4.2

8
= 7.92505 x 17.2225
= 136.4892 kg.m
c. Beban tak terduga
Diketahui beban tak terduga
a

65

4.2

1/4.P.b

1
8
1
8

=
=

100

= 35

kg (

x Sy x b2
x

0.0000

0
0

4.2

x 17.2225
kg.m

100

kg )

Px =

P cos a =

100 cos 35

82.1798 kg

Py =

P sin a =

100 sin 35

56.9780 kg

Mx = x
= x

Px
x b
82.1798

4.15

85.2615

kg.m

My = x
= x

Py
x b
56.9780

4.2

59.1146

kg.m

d. Berat sendiri gording


Dari Profil flens DIN pada buku teknik sipil hal. 251, maka dipilih profil baja DIN 10
Dengan data sebagai berikut :
Berat (Q) =

22.1 kg/m2

100 mm

100 mm

6.5

Wx =

95.5

cm

Wy =

36.8

cm3

mm

Qx = Q cos a =

22.1 cos 35

18.1617

kg/m

Qy = Q cos a =

22.1 cos 35

12.5921

kg/m

Mx =

8
1

x Qx x b2
x

18.1617

2.2702157

39.0988

kg.m

My =
x

4.2

17.2225

1
8
1
8

x Qy x b2
x

12.5921

1.5740162

27.1085

kg.m

x 4.2

17.2225

] Kombinasi Pembebanan
Pada perhitungan kombinasi pembebanan diambil momen terbesar
a+b+d
Mx total
My total

:
=
=

40.365
27.987

+
+

136.489
0

+
+

39.0988
27.1085

=
=

215.953
55.095

kg.m
kg.m

a+c+d
Mx total
My total

:
=
=

40.365
27.987

+
+

85.2615
59.1146

+
+

39.0988
27.1085

=
=

164.726
114.210

kg.m
kg.m

] Kontrol tegangan
Untuk mengontrol tegangan yang terjadi diambil M max dari hasil perhitungan
kombinasi pembebanan yaitu :
Mx total
My total

=
=

ytd

215.953
55.095
Mx total
Wx

kg.m
kg.m

21595.32 kg.cm
5509.506 kg.cm

My total

ytd

21595.32
5509.5057
+
95.5
36.8

ytd

226.129

ytd

375.844 kg/cm2

Dipakai Baja
Dimana

U24

Dari daftar profil baja untuk DIN 10 diperoleh

Wy

Wx =

95.5

cm3

Wy =

36.8

cm3

149.715

<

1400

kg/cm2

375.844 kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

AMAN

II. PERHITUNGAN LENDUTAN


a. Lendutan akibat beban atap + Berat sendiri gording
Pada perhitungan lendutan, diambil beban atap dan berat sendiri gording yang
Paling besar yaitu :
>> Beban atap
=
Qx
= Qy = 18.7500 kg/m
>> Berat sendiri gording
=
Qx
= Qy = 18.1617 kg/m
Sehingga
Rx
=

:
Qx1

QX2

18.7500

18.1617

Ry

Qy1

Qy2

18.7500

18.1617

36.912
0.369
36.912
0.3691

kg/m
kg/cm
kg/m
kg/cm

>> Lendutan yang terjadi


:
Dari Profil Flens lebar DIN pada buku teknik sipil hal. 251
diperoleh :
E

fxa =

2.1

. 10

Ix =

478

cm4

Iy =
b =

184
4.15

cm4
m

384

Ry

b4

Ix

1.85
x 29661450625
=
3854592000000

fya =

384

Rx

b4

Ix

1.85
x 29661450625
=
1483776000000

415
5

cm

384

(jarak Kap)
0.3691

2.1

. 10

54742766087

3854592000000
5

384

2.1

. 10

54742766087

= 0.634004

415 4

478

0.0142

0.3691

1483776000000

b. Lendutan akibat beban angin


>> Beban angin Sx = 63.400396 kg/m
Sy =
0

cm

415 4

184

0.0369

cm

cm

>> Lendutan yang terjadi

fxb =

384
0

Sy
E

x
x

b4
Ix

x 29661450625
=
3854592000000

5
384

x
x

0.00
2.1

3854592000000

. 10

415 4

478

cm

fyb =

Sy

b4

384

Iy

3.170
x 29661450625
=
1483776000000

c. Lendutan akibat beban tak terduga


>> Beban tak terduga
Px =
Py =

fxc =

fyc =

384

Py

Ix

2.8489 x 29661450625
=
3854592000000
5

Px

b4

384

Iy

x
x

4.1090 x 29661450625
=
1483776000000

0.6340
2.1

. 10

94027386477

1483776000000

82.1798
56.9780

b4

5
384

kg/m
kg/m

x
x

415 4

184

0.0634

0.5698
2.1

. 10

84502450591
3854592000000

384

cm

= 0.821798 kg/cm
= 0.56978 kg/cm

384

121878534507
1483776000000

. 10

415 4

478

0.0219

0.8218
2.1

cm

415 4

184

0.0821

cm

Kombinasi lendutan
a + b fx =
fy =

fxa
fya

+
+

fxb
fyb

=
=

0.0142
0.0369

+
+

0
0.0634

=
=

0.0142
0.1003

cm
cm

c fx =
fy =

fxa
fya

+
+

fxc
fyc

=
=

0.0142
0.0369

+
+

0.0219
0.0821

=
=

0.0361
0.1190

cm
cm

diambil
fx max
fy max

:
=
=

0.0361
0.1190

cm
cm

Kontrol lendutan
f yang diizinkan

fxtd

1
300

fx max2

0.036

1
300

415

1.3833

cm

2
+ fy max
2

0.0013

0.0155

0.119

0.0142

0.1244

dimana fytd

< f izin

= 0.124 <

1.3833

cm

AMAN

III. PERHITUNGAN KUDA - KUDA


Beban - beban yang dipikul oleh kuda -kuda yaitu :
A. Berat sendiri yang meliputi :
a. Berat Kuda - kuda
b. Berat Atap
c. Berat Gording
B. Beban angin
C. Beban tak terduga
A. Perhitungan berat sendiri
a. Berat Kuda - kuda
J

I
H

6.12 m

L
O

N
G

M
J'

A
E

15

5. Untuk menentukan berat kuda - kuda dipakai rumus penafsiran yaitu :


sampai dengan ( L + 5 ) L
. b
L
b
Gording

dimana

=
=
=

15.0
4.2
10

m
m
m

15

(L+2)L

( lebar batang )
( Jarak kap )

Berat sendiri pada titik kumpul yaitu :


L
L
(
+ 3 ) .
P
=
Gording
P

15

4.15

10
18
1120.5
10

x
10

62.25

= 112.1 kg

Sedangkan untuk tiap ujung, beban P yang bekerja, yaitu :

P =
x
112.05 =
56.025
x
b. Berat atap genteng
10 kg/m2
Berat atap
=
Berat atap untuk setiap titik kumpul yaitu :
P = Jarak gording x Berat atap x Jarak kap
P = 2.281584 x
10
x 4.15
P = 94.69 kg
x
a Untuk titik kumpul A dan B
=
c. Berat gording
Untuk baja profil DIN 10 dengan Q

kg

22.1 kg/m

=
=
2

x 94.68573
47.34287 kg

V
. b

Berat gording untuk tiap titik kumpul yaitu :


P =
Q
b
x
P =
22.1 x 4.15
P =
91.715 kg

a Untuk titik kumpul A dan B


=

x
91.715
45.8575 kg

=
=

Tabel perhitungan berat sendiri


Titik Kumpul
=
A
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
B
Berat Atap
= 47.3 94.7 94.7 94.7 94.7 94.7 94.7 94.7 47.3
Berat Kuda2
= 56.03 112.1 112.1 112.1 112.1 112.1 112.1 112.1 56.03
Berat Gording
= 45.86 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 45.86
Jumlah P (kg)
= 149.2 298.5 298.5 298.5 298.5 298.5 298.5 298.5 149.2
6. Perhitungan beban angin

P5

1193.8

P6
J

P4
P3

P7

P8

I
H

L
N

P2

6.12 m

P9

P10

P1

J'
E

15

Beban angin terdiri atas


a. Beban angin masuk
P
= C2 x Q x L x l
Dimana :
Q
= Beban angin
b
= Jarak kap
C2
= Koefisien angin keluar
l
= Jarak gording
C1
= Koefisien angin masuk
Beban angin masuk
C1 x
P =
0.3 x
=
279.04
=
P1 =
P5 =
=
P2 =
P3 =

b. Beban angin keluar


Koefisien angin keluar untuk

100
4.15
-0.4
2.28
0.02 x
0.02 x

=
=
=
=
=
=

a
35

:
Q x
b x
100 x
4.15 x
kg
x
279.04
139.52 kg
P4

<

6.5

l
2.28

-0.4

0.4
0.4

0.3

Maka beban angin tiap titik :


P7 = P8 = P9 = Koefisien angin keluar x Beban angin x Jarak kap x Jarak gording
100 x
4.15 x
2.2816
= -0.4 x
kg
= -378.742924
P6

P10

= x -378.743
kg
= -189.371462

c. Beban tak terduga


Beban tak terduga pada tiap titik kumpul
G, H, I, K, L, M, J,
=
A, B
=
A+B+G+H+I+K+L+M+J =

:
12.5
6.26
100

kg
kg
kg

IV. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI PROFIL RANGKA KAP


IV.1

Batang tepi atas


Yang termasuk batang tepi atas adalah : A6 ,A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12, A13
3260
Gaya batang yang paling extrim adalah : A1 dan A5
=
kg
3260
3.26
P extrim =
kg

ton (tekan)
kg/cm
1400
baja =
2.2816 m
228.1584 cm
L tekuk =
Rumus
I min = 0.483 n . P . Ltk
- Untuk baja
- Untuk baja
- Untuk baja
min

=
=
=

1200 kg/cm2
1400 kg/cm2
1600 kg/cm2

= 1.7
. P . Ltk2
3.26
= 1.7
.
.
5.2056
= 5.542 .
4
= 28.84957 cm

,
,
,

n
n
n

4.02
6.5
3

=
=
=

2.2816

5 ,
4 ,
,

I min
I min
I min

=
=
=

1.94 .
1.7 .
1.5 .

4
Untuk satu profil I min
= x 28.84957 = 14.42479 cm
Dari daftar baja dipergunakan profil
60 . 60 . 8
( Buku teknik sipil hal 256 )
Dari tabel diperoleh sbb :

bruto =
e =

9.03
1.77

cm2
cm
4

Ix =

Iy =

29.1

Ix =

Iy
w
q
t
b
a

1.8
cm4
0.424 cm
7.09 kg/m'
0.8
cm
0.6
cm
1.0
cm

=
=
=
=
=
=

cm

= x

= x

1.0

1.77

w
= 2 x
+
= 2 x 0.424 +
= 1.848 cm

a
1.0

=
Z

2.27 cm

P
P
P

.
.
.

Ltk2
Ltk2
Ltk2

t
ab. x

t
ab. y

Kelangsingan untuk sumbu melalui bahan


x =

Ltk
Ix

x =

122

Dari Table baja

tkx

=
=
=

ytd

228.2
= 126.8
1.8

p extrim
Fb
.

ytd

dimana

122

( buku teknik sipil hal. 237 )

x = 0.284

didapat

d
1400
kg/cm2

x
x
0.284 x
397.6

( sb .

<

=
tkx

2.

3260
9.03

= 180.5094

3260
18.06

= 180.5094

kg/cm2 <

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

397.6

Kontrol gaya tekan yang terjadi


P

= tkx x 2 x
= 397.6 x 2 x
= 7180.656 kg

Dimana

P extrim

>

F bruto
9.03
= 7180.656

kg

3260

>

Maka untuk batang "atas" dapat dipakai profil baja sama kaki
60 .
60 .
8
Catatan

antara lain

( buku teknik sipil hal 215 )

r =
tp =

0.8
2

.
.

d
d

r =
tp =

0.58 .
1.5 .

d
d

kg

untuk e1
untuk e1

=
=

1.5
2

.
.

d
d

Untuk paku

untuk e1
untuk e1

=
=

1.5
2

.
.

d
d

Untuk baut

V. PERHITUNGAN PAKU KELING ATAU BAUT

"

OK

"

V.1

Batang tepi atas


Tinjau terhadap geser

P geser = 2 x
x
4
=
=
=

3.14 x
4
0.785
2 x
x
3446.464 kg
2

x
2

1.4
1.96

Dimana :
r
= Tegangan geser

r
x

1120

1120

=
=
=
pk =
=
=
=

0.8 x
d
0.8 x 1400
1120
kg/cm2
Diameter paku
= 13 mm
Diameter lubang
13 + 1
14 mm 1.4 cm

Tinjau terhadap melesak ( kekuatan paku terhadap tumpuan )


d
Pn = d x 2 . t x tp tp = 2 x
= 1.4 x 1.60 x 2800
= 2 x 1400
6272
2800 kg/cm2
=
kg
=
2
2 . t =
x 0.8
1.6
=
cm
Banyaknya paku yang digunakan
3260
P extrim
n =
=
3446.464
P geser
Jadi paku yamg digunakan 2 buah

= 0.945897

Jarak plat koppel


Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )
ly fsc = 2 { ly + Fb . ( x H )
}
= 2 { 29.1 + 9.03 . ( x 2.27
= 2 { 29.1 + 11.63267 }
= 2 x 40.7327
=
81.4653
cm4

Karena adanya pelemahan maka :


ly fsc = 0.9
( ly fsc )
= 0.9 x 81.4653
= 73.3188 cm4
ly fsc

=
=
=

fsc

ly fsc =

ly fsc
x Fb

4.059735
2.0149

=
cm

73.3188
x 9.03

73.3188
18.06

cm4

Ltk
228.158
=
= 113.2 109
ly fsc
2.0149
109 Dari tabel profil baja ( buku teknik sipil hal. 237 ) didapt :
Ly fsc = 0.356

L y fsc
Ly = Li x
LX
0.284
Li
=
=
L y fsc
0.356

0.798

Untuk L i = 0.798 Dari tabel profil baja ( buku teknik sipiul hal. 237 ) didapat
54 L i = 0.802
i =
55 L i = 0.794
i =

i =

54.5

li

iy
i
x
1.80 x 54.5
98.1 cm

=
=
=

Banyaknya medan
Ltk
228.158
=
li
98.1
Jarak plat koppel
Ltk
Lk
=
3

= 2.326 3

228.158
3

( harus ganjil )

76.053

Kontrol terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sb y-y )


Lk
76.053
y
=
=
= 42.252
ly
1.8

"OK"

cm

41

y = 41 Dari tabel baja ( Buku teknik sipil hal. 237 ) didapat Ly


tk

= Ly fsc x Ly x baja
= 0.356 x 0.909 x 1400
= 453.0456 kg/cm2

ytd

=
=

Dimana :
ytd

P extrim
Fb
2.
3260
18.06

>

tk

3260
9.03
2x

= 180.5094 kg/cm2

180.5094

kg/cm

<

453.0456

kg/cm

Perhitungan plat koppel

a
w

0.909

b
w

t
ab. x

"

OK

"

t
ab. x

t
1

ab. y

z
1/4 L

e
1/4 N

1/4 N
1/4 L

1/4 L
1/4 N

1/4 N

1/2 z
60
60
Profil
.
.
diperoleh sbb
:
2
F bruto =
9.03 cm
1.77
cm
e =
29.1 cm4
Ix = Iy =
Ix = Iy =
1.8
cm5
w = 0.424 cm
7.09 kg/m'
q =
0.8
cm
t =
0.6
cm
b =
1.0
cm
a =
1.4
cm
d =
Jadi ukuran plat koppel
L = 13.34 cm
b = 0.6 + 0.6
cm
= 2.2
cm
t = 0.8
Z = 1.848 cm
P extrim
D max

Dari table baja buku teknik sipil hal. 256


C

=
=
=

5
5

=
=
=

(
(

2 .
2 .
1.848

=
=
=

(
(

2 .
2 .
13.34

Fb

9.03

Z
2
1.848

.
.
7

d
1.4
cm
w
)
0.424 )
cm
d
1.4
cm

)
)

+
+

a
1.0

+
+

(
(

2
2

.
.

e
1.77

)
)

+
+

C
7

1.0

3260
kg
1.7 % x P extrim
1.7 % x
3260
55.42
kg

=
=
=
=

1/4 L

( Buku teknik sipil hal. 232 ) dimana


20 %
D max
= 1.5 % -

=
=

2
2

{
{

Iy
29.1

+
+

FB
9.03

29.1

+ 7.709597 }

(
(

.
.

Z
)
1.848 )

2
2

}
}

9.03

8.3437

2
cm2

Reaksi vertikal pada baut / paku


S
D max
V
=
I
=

cm4

= 73.61919

35167.4945
73.6192

Lk

= 477.6946

Untuk 1 ( satu ) baut V

55.42
73.61919456

76.053

kg

477.6946
= 119.4237
4

Reaksi keseimbangan pada paku


V
C
N
.
=
.

Untuk 1 ( satu ) paku N =

8.3437

kg

Z
.
C
1.848
= 477.6946 .
7
= 126.1114 kg
=

126.1114
= 31.52785
4

kg

Resultan paku
R

N2 + V2 =

126.1114

+ 477.6946

15904.08127 +

244096.2483

= 494.0609763

228192.167

kg

Tinjau terhadap geser


rytd

=
=

3.14

Dimana

0.8

rytd

<

r izin

Tinjau terhadap melesak


R
n
=
d
. 2 .

0.8
1120

=
=

kg/cm2

. 1400
kg/cm2

= 321.1107346

494.0609763
0.785 . 1.96

= 321.1107
r izin

1.4

1.4

n
b
220.5629
Dimana
<
=
Kontrol plat koppel Potongan 1 - 1
F netto
t
L
= ( 2 .
.
)
0.8
= ( 2 .
. 13.34 )
4.48
= 21.344
-

kg/cm2

<

1120

494.0609763
0.8
. 2 .

kg/cm
-

(
(

kg/cm2

"

494.0609763
2.24

220.5629

<

1400

kg/cm

2
2

.
.

2
2

t
0.8

.
.

.
.

OK

"

kg/cm2
"
d
1.4

OK

"
)
)

16.864

I total

= 1/12

I lubang

=
=
=
=

I netto

cm

d
2 (
.
2 ( 1.4
.
2 . 4.38606
8.77212 cm4

a
1.0

1.0
= 1/12
.
= 197.8273 cm4
.
.

e
1.77

13.34

)
)

= I total
- I lubang
= 197.8273 - 8.77212
= 189.0552 cm4
=

I netto
L
.

Kontrol tegangan geser


V
r geser
=
F netto

r izin

. L3

189.0551887
189.0552
=
6.67
. 13.34

cm3

= 28.34411

r g max

477.6946
= 28.32629
16.864

= 3/2 .
= 3/3 .
= 42.48944

rg
28.326
kg/cm2

0.8
.
0.8
.
1120

b
1400
kg/cm2

=
=
=

kg/cm2

Kontrol tegangan
M

N
2

ytd

M
w

441.3898
= 15.57254
28.34411

126.1114
2

= 441.3898

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

= 15.57254

kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

d
Dimana ideal <
= 75.22342 kg/cm2 < 1400 kg/cm2
"
V.2 Batang diagonal
Yang termasuk batang diagonal adalah : D14 ,D15, D16, D17, D19, D20, D21, D22, D24,
D25, D26, dan D27
4180
Gaya batang yang paling extrim adalah : D16 dan D17
=
kg

OK

"

Dimana

ytd <

Kontrol tegangan ideal


ideal

ytd

r g max

15.57254

42.48944

242.5041

242.5041

+ 5416.058148

5658.5623

= 75.22342

1805.353

kg/cm2

P extrim =
baja =
L tekuk =

4180
kg
kg/cm
1400
2.7060 m

4.18
270.6012 cm

F netto

P extrim
0.75 .
d

F netto

F netto
3.980952
=
= 4.683473
85 %
0.85

Ltk
I min

<

240

I min

ton (tekan)

0.75

4180
. 1400

Ltk
240

= 3.980952

cm

2.7060
240

1.127505
= 0.563752 cm
2
Dari daftar baja dipergunakan profil
45 . 45 . 5
Dari tabel diperoleh sbb :
4.3
cm2
F bruto =
e =
1.28
cm
Untuk 1 ( profil ) I min

0.01

= 1.127505 cm

( Buku teknik sipil hal 256 )

cm4

Iy =

7.83

Ix =

Iy
w
q
t
b
a

2.35 cm4
3.18
cm
3.38 kg/m'
0.5
cm
4.5
cm
1.0
cm

Ix =

=
=
=
=
=
=

cm

w
b

Perhitungan Paku
pk
= Diameter paku
= 15 mm

= Diametr lubang
15 + 1 = 16 mm 1.6

cm

Dimana
r
r

=
=
=
=

Tegangan geser
0.8 x
d
0.8 x 1400
2
1120
kg/cm

Tinjau terhadap geser


P geser = 2 . .

= 2 . . 3.14
0.785
= 2 .
= 4501.504 kg

d 2
1.6 2
2.56

.
.
.

.
.
.

r
1120
1120

Tinjau terhadap melesak ( kekuatan paku terhadap tumpuan )


Pn
d
d
=
. 2 . t . tp tp = 2 .
1.0
= 1.6
.
. 2800
= 2 . 1400
4480
=
= 2800 kg/cm2
2.t = 2 .
0.5
= 1.0 cm
Banyaknya paku yang digunakan
P extrim
4180
n
=
=
= 0.928579
P geser
4501.504
Jadi paku digunakan sebanyak

buah

w
b

N
N
V

bruto =
e =

4.3
1.28

cm2
cm
cm4

Ix =

Iy =

7.83

Ix =

Iy
w
q
t
b
a

2.35 cm4
3.18
cm
3.38 kg/m'
0.5
cm
4.5
cm
1.0
cm
P extrim .
S
2
4180 .
1.90
2

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=

w
3.18 1.90

e
1.28

3971

kg.m

Reaksi vertikal
V

M
5

Reaksi keseimbangan
P extrim
N
=
=
2

3971
1.6
.

4180
2

2090

496.375 kg

kg

Resultan baut
R

2090

4368100

4614488

496.375

+ 246388.1

= 2148.135969 kg
Tinjau terhadap geser
rytd

d2

2148.135969
3.14 .
1.6

2148.135969
0.785 . 2.56

= 1068.937
r izin

Dimana

0.8

rytd

<

r izin

=
=

0.8
1120

kg/cm2

. 1400
kg/cm2

= 1068.937086

kg/cm2

<

1120

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

kg

"

OK

"

P
P
P

.
.
.

Kontrol terhadaap kekuatan batang


P'
Fb
b
= 2 .
.
4.3
= 2 .
. 1400
12040 kg
=
P'

Dimana

P extrim

>

12040

4180

kg >

V.3 Batang bawah


Yang termasuk batang tepi bawah adalah : B1, B2, B3, B4, dan B5
3260
Gaya batang yang paling extrim adalah : B1 dan B5
=
3260
3.26
P extrim =
kg

ton (tekan)
kg/cm
1400
baja =
L tekuk =
Rumus
I min

1.50
=

150

0.483

- Untuk baja = 1200 kg/cm2


,
2
- Untuk baja = 1400 kg/cm
,
2
- Untuk baja = 1600 kg/cm
,
I min = 1.7
. P . Ltk2
3.26
= 1.7
.
.
2.25
= 5.542 .

kg

cm

. Ltk
n
n
n
1.50

4.02
6.5
3

=
=
=
2

5 ,
4 ,
,

I min
I min
I min

=
=
=

1.94 .
1.7 .
1.5 .

Ltk2
Ltk2
2
Ltk

cm4

12.4695

Untuk satu profil I min


= x
Dari daftar baja dipergunakan profil
Dari tabel diperoleh sbb :
2

bruto
e
Ix = Iy
Ix = Iy
w

=
=
=
=
=

11.0
1.93
41.3
1.94
4.6

q
t
b
a

=
=
=
=

8.62 kg/m'
0.9
cm
6.5
cm
1.0
cm

12.4695 = 6.23475 cm
65 . 65 . 9
( Buku teknik sipil hal 256 )

cm
cm
4
cm
4
cm
cm

= x
a
= x 1.0
= 2.43 cm

+
+

e
1.93

=
=
=

w
2 x
2 x 4.6
10.2 cm

+
+

a
1.0

w
t
ab. x

t
ab. y

Kontrol tekuk terhadap sumbu melalui bahan


x =

Ltk
Ix

x =

124

Dari Table baja

tkx

ytd
dimana

=
=
=
=

150
1.94

x
0.275
385.00

<

77

124

( buku teknik sipil hal. 237 )

x = 0.275

didapat

d
x
1400
x
kg/cm2

p extrim
Fb
.

ytd

( sb .

=
tkx

2.

3260
11.0

= 148.2

3260
22

kg/cm2

Kontrol tekuk terhadap sumbu melalui bahan


Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )
ly fsc = 2 { ly + Fb . ( x

<

= 148.1818
385

( sb .
H

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

" OK

"

=
=
=
=
ly fsc

2
2
2

ly fsc .
2
x

0.9
Fb

2.43

115.077 .
2
x

0.9
11.0

103.569
22

4.707693

=
=
dimana

{ 41.3 + 11.0 . (
{ 41.3 + 16.23848 }
x 57.5385
115.0770
cm4

cm4

2.1697

ly fsc

>

Iy

cm4 >

= 2.170

1.94

cm4

OK

"

"

" Perhitungan Baut "


Kontrol gaya tekan yang terjadi
P'
2
= tkx .
. F bruto
2
11.0
= 385 .
.
8470
=
kg
P'

Dimana

>

P geser =

=
=

P extrim

d2

3.14
x
4
2 x 0.785 x
3446.464 kg
x

8470

1.4

1.96

kg >

3260

kg

1120

1120

=
=
=
pk =
=
=
=

"

0.8 x
d
0.8 x 1400
1120
kg/cm2
Diameter paku
= 13 mm
Diameter lubang
13 + 1
14 mm 1.4 cm

buah

Jarak plat koppel


Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )
ly fsc = 2 { ly + Fb . ( x H )
}
= 2 { 41.3 + 11.0 . ( x 2.43
= 2 { 41.3 + 16.23848 }
= 2 x 57.5385
=
115.0770
cm4

Karena adanya pelemahan maka :


ly fsc = 0.9
( ly fsc )
= 0.9 x 115.077

OK

Dimana :
r
= Tegangan geser

Tinjau terhadap melesak ( kekuatan paku terhadap tumpuan )


Pn
d
d
=
. 2 . t . tp tp = 2 .
1.8
= 1.6
.
. 2800
= 2 . 1400
8064
=
kg
= 2800 kg/cm2
2.t = 2 .
0.9
= 1.8 cm
Banyaknya paku yang digunakan
P extrim
3260
n
=
=
= 0.945897
P geser
3446.464
Jadi paku digunakan sebanyak

"

=
ly fsc

103.569

=
fsc

ly fsc =

ly fsc
x Fb

4.707693

cm4

cm

2.1697

cm

103.5693
11
x

103.5693
22

Ltk
150
=
=
69.1 69
ly fsc
2.1697
69 Dari tabel profil baja ( buku teknik sipil hal. 237 ) didapt :
Ly fsc = 0.343

L y fsc
Ly = Li x
LX
0.275
Li
=
=
L y fsc
0.343

0.802

Untuk L i = 0.802 Dari tabel profil baja ( buku teknik sipiul hal. 237 ) didapat
54 L i = 0.802
i =
iy
i
li =
x
54
= 1.94 x
= 104.76 cm

Banyaknya medan
Ltk
150
=
li
104.76
Jarak plat koppel
Ltk
Lk
=
3

= 1.432 3

150
3

( harus ganjil )

50

"OK"

cm

Kontrol terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sb y-y )


Lk
50
y
=
=
= 25.773
ly
1.94

41

y = 41 Dari tabel baja ( Buku teknik sipil hal. 237 ) didapat Ly


tk

= Ly fsc x Ly x baja
= 0.343 x 0.909 x 1400
= 436.5018 kg/cm2

ytd

=
=

Dimana :
ytd

P extrim
Fb
2.
3260
22

tk

>

3260
11.0
2x

= 148.1818 kg/cm2

148.1818

kg/cm

<

436.5018

Perhitungan plat koppel

a
w

0.909

b
w

t
ab. x

kg/cm

"

OK

"

t
ab. x

t
1

ab. y

z
1/4 L

e
1/4 N

1/4 N
1/4 L

1/4 L
1/4 N

1/4 N

1/2 z
65
65
Profil
.
.
diperoleh sbb
:
2
F bruto =
11.0 cm
1.93
cm
e =
41.3 cm4
Ix = Iy =
Ix = Iy =
1.94 cm5
w = 4.600 cm
8.62 kg/m'
q =
0.9
cm
t =
6.5
cm
b =
1.0
cm
a =
1.4
cm
d =
Jadi ukuran plat koppel
L = 13.66 cm
b = 6.5 + 6.5
cm
= 14.0
cm
t = 0.9
cm
Z = 10.2
P extrim =
D max =
=
=
S

Dari table baja buku teknik sipil hal. 256


C

=
=
=

5
5

=
=
=

(
(

2 .
2 .
10.2

=
=
=

(
(

2 .
2 .
13.66

Fb

11

Z
2
10.2

.
.
7

d
1.4
cm
w
)
4.600 )
cm
d
1.4
cm

)
)

+
+

a
1.0

+
+

(
(

2
2

.
.

e
1.93

)
)

+
+

C
7

1.0

3260
kg
1.5 % x P extrim
1.5 % x
3260
48.9
kg

1/4 L

( Buku teknik sipil hal. 232 ) dimana


20 %
D max
= 1.5 % -

=
=

2
2

{
{

Iy
41.3

+
+

FB
11

(
(

41.3

286.11

.
.

Z
10.2

)
)

2
2

}
}

11

cm2

56.1

Reaksi vertikal pada baut / paku


S
D max
.
V
=
I

Lk

137164.500
654.8200

209.469

Untuk 1 ( satu ) baut V

209.469
4

cm4

654.82

Reaksi keseimbangan pada paku


V
C
N
.
=
.

56.1000

50

kg
= 52.36725

kg

209.469

= 305.2263
Untuk 1 ( satu ) paku N =

48.9
654.82

305.2263
= 76.30657
4

.
C
.
7

10.2
kg

kg

Resultan paku
R

N2 + V2 =

305.2263

209.469

93163.08085 + 43877.26799

137040.3488

370.189612

kg

Tinjau terhadap geser


rytd

=
=

3.14

Dimana

0.8

rytd

<

r izin

Tinjau terhadap melesak


R
n
=
d
. 2 .

0.8
1120

=
=

kg/cm2

. 1400
2
kg/cm

= 240.6015937

370.189612
0.785 . 1.96

= 240.6016
r izin

1.4

1.4

n
b
146.9006
Dimana
<
=
Kontrol plat koppel Potongan 1 - 1
F netto
t
L
= ( 2 .
.
)
0.9
= ( 2 .
. 13.66 )
5.04
= 24.588
-

kg/cm2

<

1120

370.189612
0.9
. 2 .

kg/cm
-

(
(

kg/cm2

"

370.189612
2.52

146.9006

<

1400

kg/cm

2
2

.
.

2
2

t
0.9

.
.

.
.

OK

"

kg/cm2
"
d
1.4

OK

"
)
)

19.548

I total

= 1/12

I lubang

=
=
=
=

I netto

cm

d
2 (
.
2 ( 1.4
.
2 . 5.21486
10.430 cm4

a
1.0

1.0
= 1/12
.
= 212.408 cm4
.
.

e
1.93

13.66

)
)

= I total
- I lubang
= 212.408 - 10.42972
= 201.9783 cm4
=

I netto
L
.

Kontrol tegangan geser


V
r geser
=
F netto

r izin

. L3

201.9782713
201.9783
=
6.83
. 13.66

cm3

= 29.57222

r g max

209.469
19.548

= 3/2 .
= 3/3 .
= 16.07344

rg
10.716
kg/cm2

0.8
.
0.8
.
1120

b
1400
kg/cm2

=
=
=

= 10.71562

kg/cm2

Kontrol tegangan
M

N
2

ytd

M
w

1068.292
= 36.12485
29.57222

305.2263
2

= 1068.292

kg/cm2

kg/cm2
kg/cm2

"

OK

"

d
Dimana ideal <
= 45.60779 kg/cm2 < 1400 kg/cm2
V.5 Batang horizontal
Yang termasuk batang horizontal adalah : H18 dan H23
400
Gaya batang yang paling extrim adalah : H23
=
kg
400
0.4
P extrim =
kg

ton (tekan)

"

OK

"

Dimana

ytd <

= 36.12485

kg/cm2

<

1400

Kontrol tegangan ideal


ideal

ytd

r g max

36.12485

16.07344

1305.0046

1305.0046

+ 775.0660081

2080.0706

= 45.60779

258.355

kg/cm2

kg/cm
m

baja =
L tekuk =

1400
1.50

min

1.7
.
1.7
.
0.68 .
1.53

=
=
=
=

. Ltk
0.4
.
2.25
4
cm

bruto =
e =

0.765

45 . 45 .

cm

( Buku teknik sipil hal 256 )

4.3
1.28

cm
cm
cm

Ix =

Iy =

7.83

Ix =

Iy
w
q
t
b
a

1.35 cm
3.18
cm
3.38 kg/m'
0.5
cm
4.5
cm
1.0
cm

=
=
=
=
=
=

1.50

1.53

Dari daftar baja dipergunakan profil


Dari tabel diperoleh sbb :
F

cm

Untuk satu profil I min

150

Kontrol tegangan ideal


P geser =

=
=

d2

3.14
x
4
2 x 0.785 x
3446.464 kg
x

1.4

1.96

Dimana :
r
= Tegangan geser

r
x

1120

1120

0.8 x
d
0.8 x 1400
2
1120
kg/cm
Diameter paku
= 13 mm
Diameter lubang
13 + 1
14 mm 1.4 cm

=
=
=
pk =
=
=
=

Tinjau terhadap melesak ( kekuatan paku terhadap tumpuan )


Pn
d
d
=
. 2 . t . tp tp = 2 .
1.0
= 1.4
.
. 2800
= 2 . 1400
3920
=
kg
= 2800 kg/cm2
2.t = 2 .
0.5
= 1.0 cm
Banyaknya paku yang digunakan
P extrim
400
n
=
=
= 0.116061
P geser
3446.464
Jadi paku digunakan sebanyak

buah

w
b

N
N
V

w
b

N
N
V

bruto
e
Ix = Iy
Ix = Iy
w

=
=
=
=
=

4.3
1.28
7.83
1.35
3.18

q
t
b
a

=
=
=
=

3.38 kg/m'
0.5
cm
4.5
cm
1.0
cm

=
=
=

cm
cm
cm4
4
cm
cm

P extrim .
S
2
400
1.90
.
2
380
kg.m

=
=
=

w
3.18 1.90

e
1.28

Reaksi vertikal
V

M
5

Reaksi keseimbangan
P extrim
N
=
=
2

380
1.4
.

= 54.28571 kg

400
2

200

kg

Resultan baut
R

200

40000

42946.94

+ 54.28571

+ 2946.939

= 207.2364321 kg
Tinjau terhadap geser
rytd

d2

=
=

r izin

Dimana

0.8

rytd

<

r izin

=
=

207.2364321
3.14 .
1.4

207.2364321
0.785 . 1.96

= 134.6916
0.8
. 1400
1120 kg/cm2

= 134.6915586

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

<

1120

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

Kontrol terhadaap kekuatan batang


P'
Fb
b
= 2 .
.
4.3
= 2 .
. 1400
12040 kg
=
Dimana

P'

>

P extrim

12040

kg >

400

kg

"

OK

"

" PERHITUNGAN PAKU KELING / BAUT UNTUK PLAT BUHUL "


Untuk batang atas dipakai profil
- Diametr lubang
= 1.4
- Tebal plat buhul
= 1.0

60
60
.
Paku keling

45
45
.
Paku keling

65
65
.
Paku keling

45
45
Untuk batang horisontal dipakai profil
=
.
Paku keling
- Diametr lubang
= 1.4
- Tebal plat buhul
= 1.0

Untuk batang diagonal dipakai profil


- Diametr lubang
= 1.4
- Tebal plat buhul
= 1.0

Untuk batang bawah dipakai profil


- Diametr lubang
= 1.4
- Tebal plat buhul
= 1.0

Perhitungan kekuatan geser


Untuk paku keling
P geser =

=
=

Untuk baut
P geser =

3.14
x
4
2 x 0.785 x
3446.464 kg
x

1.4

2 . .
= 2 . . 3.14
0.785
= 2 .
= 2584.848 kg

Dimana :
r
= Tegangan geser

1120

1.96

1120

.
.
.

d 2
1.4 2
1.96

.
.
.

=
=
=
pk =
=
=
=

r
840
840

0.8 x
d
0.8 x 1400
1120
kg/cm2
Diameter paku
= 13 mm
Diameter lubang
13 + 1
14 mm 1.4 cm

Dimana
r
=
r
=
=
=
pk =
=
=
=

:
Tegangan geser
0.6 x
d
0.6 x 1400
840
kg/cm2
Diameter paku
= 13 mm
Diameter lubang
13 + 1
14 mm 1.4 cm

Perhitungan kekuatan geser


Untuk paku keling
r tp =
2
.
= 2 . 1400 = 2800 kg/cm2
d
Untuk baut
r tp = 1.5
.
= 2 . 1400 = 2100 kg/cm2
d
Dari hasil perhitungan kekuatan geser dan kekuatan tumpuan diambil yang memberikan nilai
terkecil untuk perhitungan paku keling dan baut
Perhitungan jumlah baut tiap batang
Titik kumpul A ( pakai baut )

A6 =

B1 =

kg

kg

GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN TAK TERDUGA


TITIK
KUMPUL
A
G
E
H
I
C
N
J
K
O
D
L
M
F
B

URUTAN KERJA CREMONA


RAV
-6
1
15
-8
2
17
20
10
21
3
25
-12
4
5

P1
P2
-14
-7
P4
-16
18
-9
P6
-22
24
23
P8
26
-13

-6
-7
15
P3
-9
17
19
P5
-11
23
-25
11
-13
-27
P9

1
-14
2
-8
-19
3
20
-10
-22
24
4
P7
-27
5
RBV

18

21

-12

TABEL : CREMONA AKIBAT BEBAN TAK TERDUGA


NOMOR
BATANG
RAV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
RBV

-16

BESARNYA GAYA BATANG (kg)


TARIK (-)
TEKAN (+)
50
50
42
28
42
50
62
57
52
46
46
52
57
62
8
8
12
16
7
8
16
7
8
8
8
12
7
16
8
50

26

GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN SENDIRI


TITIK
KUMPUL
A
G
E
H
I
C
N
J
K
O
D
L
M
F
B

URUTAN KERJA CREMONA


RAV
-6
1
15
-8
2
17
20
10
21
3
25
-12
4
5

P1
P2
-14
-7
P4
-16
18
-9
P6
-22
24
23
P8
26
-13

-6
-7
15
P3
-9
17
19
P5
-11
23
-25
11
-13
-27
P9

1
-14
2
-8
-19
3
20
-10
-22
24
4
P7
-27
5
RBV

18

21

-12

TABEL : CREMONA AKIBAT BEBAN SENDIRI


NOMOR
BATANG
RAV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
RBV

-16

BESARNYA GAYA BATANG (kg)


TARIK (-)
TEKAN (+)
1193.80
2840.00
2400.00
1640.00
2400.00
2840.00
3560.00
3280.00
2960.00
2680.00
2680.00
2960.00
3280.00
3560.00
480.00
480.00
960.00
880.00
400.00
480.00
480.00
480.00
480.00
400.00
880.00
960.00
480.00
480.00
1193.80

26

GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN ANGIN KIRI


TITIK
KUMPUL
A
G
E
H
I
C
N
J
K
O
D
L
M
F
B

URUTAN KERJA CREMONA


RAV
-6
1
15
-8
2
17
20
10
21
3
25
-12
4
5

P1
P2
-14
-7
P4
-16
18
-9
P6
-22
24
23
P8
26
-13

-6
-7
15
P3
-9
17
19
P5
-11
23
-25
11
-13
-27
P9

1
-14
2
-8
-19
3
20
-10
-22
24
4
P7
-27
5
RBV

18

21

-12

TABEL : CREMONA AKIBAT BEBAN ANGIN KIRI


NOMOR
BATANG
RAV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
RBV

BESARNYA GAYA BATANG (kg)


TARIK (-)
TEKAN (+)
211.8
499.4
364
444
295.8
174
242.2
322.4
402.8
485.6
390.6
343
248
238
578
586
586
249.6
302
280
332.6
358
296
498.6
536.8
332
358

-16

26

GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN ANGIN KANAN


TITIK
KUMPUL
A
G
E
H
I
C
N
J
K
O
D
L
M
F
B

URUTAN KERJA CREMONA


RAV
-6
1
15
-8
2
17
20
10
21
3
25
-12
4
5

P1
P2
-14
-7
P4
-16
18
-9
P6
-22
24
23
P8
26
-13

-6
-7
15
P3
-9
17
19
P5
-11
23
-25
11
-13
-27
P9

1
-14
2
-8
-19
3
20
-10
-22
24
4
P7
-27
5
RBV

18

21

-12

TABEL : CREMONA AKIBAT BEBAN ANGIN KANAN


NOMOR
BATANG
RAV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
RBV

-16

BESARNYA GAYA BATANG (kg)


TARIK (-)
TEKAN (+)
301.40
591.20
131.00
408.00
248.00
156.60
244.40
334.20
424.40
172.40
132.00
91.80
51.00
362.40
373.40
715.60
671.80
296.60
358.60
331.20
237.40
204.80
220.00
475.00
394.60
282.40
304.80

26

BATANG ATAS

BATANG TENGAH

BATANG BAWAH

NO. BATANG

TABEL GAYA - GAYA BATANG

1
2
3
4
5
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

GAYA BATANG
BERAT
SENDIRI
Tarik
Tekan
+
1193.8
2840
2400
1640
2400
480
480
960
880
400
480
480
480
480
400
880
960
480
480
3560
3280
2960
2680
2680
2960
3280
3560

BEBAN TAK
TERDUGA
Tarik
Tekan
+
500
420
280
420
500
80
80
120
160
70
80
160
70
80
80
80
120
70
80
620
570
520
460
460
520
570
620

BEBAN
ANGIN KIRI
Tarik
Tekan
+
211.8
499.4
364
444
295.8
238
578
586
586
249.6
302
280
332.6
358
296
498.6
536.8
332
358
174
242.2
322.4
402.8
485.6
390.6
343
248
-

BEBAN
ANGIN KANAN
Tarik
Tekan
+
301.40
591.20
131.00
408.00
248.00
362.40
373.40
715.60
671.80
296.60
358.60
331.20
237.40
204.80
220.00
475.00
475.00
282.40
304.80
156.60
244.40
334.20
424.40
172.40
132.00
91.80
51.00
-

KOMBINASI 1
Tarik
+
1693.8
3260
2680
2060
2900
560
1040
470
640
550
480
960
550
-

Tekan
560
1080
560
560
1080
560
4180
3850
3480
3140
3140
3480
3850
4180

KOMBINASI 2
Tarik
+
1405.6
3339.4
2764
2084
2400
1057.8
1466
649.6
760.4
480
358
400
880
536.8
480
357.8
485.6
390.6
343
248

Tekan
0
718
1546
782
332.6
480
296
498.6
960
332.4
480
3734
3522.2
3282.4
3082.8
2680
2960
3280
3560

KOMBINASI 3
Tarik
+
1193.8
2840
2400
1640
2400
362.4
480
715.6
880
400
358.6
480
480
400
880
480
156.6
244.4
334.2
424.4
172.4
132
51

Tekan
301.4
591.2
131
408
248
480
373.4
960
671.8
296.6
480
331.2
480
960
480
3560
3280
2960
2680
2680
2960
3371.8
3560

GAYA EKSTRIM
Tarik
+

Tekan
-

3260

591.2

880

1080

424.4

4180

PANJANG
BATANG
(M)
3.250
3.250
5.500
3.250
3.250
2.694
2.637
4.185
2.637
1.283
2.694
2.637
2.637
2.694
1.283
2.637
4.185
2.637
2.694
2.572
2.572
2.572
2.572
2.572
2.572
2.572
2.572

Beban exstrim pada batang :


7328.826
=
Atas
2069.654
=
Diagonal
6754.46
=
Bawah
1157.308
=
Horisontal

kg
kg
kg
kg

n atas

P extrim
P geser

7328.826
3446.464

2.1265

Diambil

2 Buah paku keling

n diagonal

P extrim
P geser

2069.654
3446.464

0.6005

Diambil

2 Buah paku keling

n bawah

P extrim
P geser

6754.46
2584.848

2.6131

Diambil

2 Buah baut

n horisontal

P extrim
P geser

1157.308
2584.848

0.4477

Diambil

2 Buah baut

"PERHITUNGAN LAS"

A10

A9

=
=
=
=

7328.826
2069.654
2069.654
7328.826

kg
kg
kg
kg

D21

D20

A9
A20
A21
A10

a1

a2
t

Batang A9 dan A10


7328.826
- P max
=
60 .
60
- Profil baja
1.77
cm
- e1
=
0.6
cm
- b
=
b e1
- e2
=
1.77
= 0.6
-1.77
cm
=
- Las = 45
d
1400
=
r
d
= 0.58 .
= 0.58 . 1400
812
=
kg

I netto

kg
.

FL

=
=
=

Qx1
r
2216.9568
812
2.7302

cm2

Perhitungan :
Qx1 =

p
.

7328.826
=
x
3664.413 kg
=
Syarat panjang las : 10 . a
Dimana : a = 0.5 sin
Diambil :
Lb
30
a
=
.
30
0.3536
=
.
cm
10.6066
=
L

=
a

L min

Qx1
. r

<
=

L 40
. a
0.5 sin 45

3664.413
0.354 x
812

= 30 . a + 3 . a
= 30 x 0.3536 + 3
= 10.607 + 1.0607
cm
= 11.6673

0.5

0.7071

3664.413
287.0854

12.7642

0.5

0.7071

1034.827
287.0854

0.3536

cm

0.3536

cm

cm

x 0.354

Batang D10 dan D21


2069.654 kg
- P max
=
- Profil Baja 45 . 45 . 5
- e1 = 1.28 cm
FL
- b = 4.5
- e2 = b - e1
= 4.5
- 1.28
3.22
=
cm

=
=
=

Qx1
r
1034.827
812
1.2744

cm2

- Las = 45
2
- d = 1400 kg/cm
- r = 0.58 . d
= 0.58 . 1400
= 812
kg/cm2
Perhitungan
Qx1 = . P
= . 2069.654
= 1034.827 kg
Syarat panjang las : 10 . a
Dimana : a = 0.5 sin
Diambil :
Lb
=
=
=
L

L < 40 . a
0.5 sin 45

30
a
.
30
0.3536
.
cm
10.6066

=
a

L min

<
=

Qx1
. r

1034.827
0.354 x
812

= 30 . a + 3 . a
= 30 x 0.3536 + 3
= 10.607 + 1.0607
cm
= 11.6673

0.3536

3.6046

cm

"PERHITUNGAN JUMLAH BAUT TIAP BATANG"


Titik Kumpul A
Untuk Batang

Potong I.I
Diketahui

P1 =
P6 =

6754.46
7328.826

P1
P6
L1
L2
D
N
d

6754.46
7328.826
4.625
12.75
2325
2625
1.4

kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg

1.0
1.0

=
=

1.4
1.4

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Kontol Potongan I . I
F1 = d1 . t1 =
F2 = d2 . t2 =
F netto

Z1

=
=
=
=

1.4
1.4

x
x

h . t 19.125
.
19.125
16.325
.

. h2 -

365.766

=
=
=

0.5

182.883

154.7078
16.325

9.4767

I bruto

I Lubang

=
=
=
=
=

1.4

( F1 . X1 + F2 . X2 )
F netto

19.125

- ( 5.95
16.325

1.4
.
16.325

4.25

22.225

. e3
+ 1.0
+ 1.0

.
.

1.4

15.875

cm

- Z1

0.5

4.25
cm
15.875
cm
5.25
cm
6.375
cm
19.125
cm
1.0
cm
Tebal Plat Simpul

28.175
16.325

Z2

=
=
=
=
=
=

cm2
cm2

( F1 + F2 )
1.0
1.4
- (
2.8
cm2

x1
x2
x3
x4
h
t

=
=

19.125
9.6483

9.4767
cm

=
=

0.5
.
9.5625

19.125
cm

. t . h3 + t . h

1.0
19.125 3
.
.
0.5
1.0
6995.268
.
.
3497.634
+ 16723.062
20220.695
cm4

= F1 .
x32 + F2 .
= 1.4
. 5.25 2 +
= 1.4
. 27.5625 +
= 38.5875 + 56.897
= 95.4844 cm4

X42
1.4
1.4

.
.

6.375 2
40.641

19.125
19.125

.
.

9.563 3
874.408

I netto

= I bruto
= 20220.70
= 20125.21

Momen

=
=
=
=

- I Lubang
- 95.4844
cm4

P6
P1
. L2 . L1
6754.46
12.75
.
86119.365
33895.820
52223.545
kg.cm4

7328.826

w1

I netto
Z1

20125.21
= 2123.642
9.477

cm3

w2

I netto
Z2

20125.21
= 2085.891
9.648

cm3

Kontrol Tegangan
- Akibat
:

4.625

N
F netto

2625
16.325

= 160.7963

kg/cm2

D
F netto

2325
16.325

= 142.4196

kg/cm2

Momen bawah

M
w1

atas

-M
w2

N
F netto

52223.545
2123.642

24.591

kg/cm2

-52223.545
2085.891

-25.037

kg/cm2

=
=

- Tegangan Total :
bawah

M
w1

ytd

24.591

atas

-M
w2

ytd

25.037

Max

ideal

185.388

kg/cm2

185.833

kg/cm2

N
F netto

160.796

3
2

142.420

ytd

185.388

34368.644

34368.644

+ 136912.5652

3
2

213.629

Max

213.629

45637.522

kg/cm2

171281.209

dimana

160.796

kg/cm2

413.861

ideal <

413.861

kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

Titik Kumpul C
Untuk Batang

Potong I.I
Diketahui

B2
D16

=
=

5886.198
2069.654

B2
D16
L1
L2
D
N
d

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

5886.198
2069.654
8.5
3.75
2550
1500
1.4

Kontol Potongan I . I
F1 = d1 . t1 =
F2 = d2 . t2 =
F netto

Z1

1.4
1.4

=
=
=
=

. h2 -

506.250

=
=
=

0.5

. t 22.5
.
22.5
19.700

1.0
1.0

x
x

253.125

222.1059
19.7

11.2744

Z2

I bruto

I Lubang

I netto

=
=
=
=
=

=
=

x1
x2
x3
x4
h
t

=
=
=
=
=
=

3.2815
cm
18.875
cm
7.75
cm
7.25
cm
22.5
cm
1.0
cm
Tebal Plat Simpul

cm2
cm2

1.4
1.4

( F1 + F2 )
1.0
1.4
- (
2.8
cm2

1.4

( F1 . X1 + F2 . X2 )
F netto
2

22.5
-

1.4
19.7

( 4.594 +
19.7

3.282 +

26.425

. e3
+ 1.0
+ 1.0

.
.

1.4

18.875

- 31.0191
19.7

cm

- Z1

0.5

kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg

=
=

22.5
11.2256

- 11.2744
cm

=
=

0.5 x
11.25

cm

22.5

. t . h3 + t . h
3

1.0
22.5
.
.
0.5
1.0
11390.625
.
.
5695.313
+ 32036.133
37731.445
cm4

= F1 .
x32 + F2 .
= 1.4
. 7.75 2 +
= 1.4
. 60.0625 +
= 84.0875 + 73.588
= 157.6750 cm4
= I bruto
= 37731.45
= 37573.77

- I Lubang
- 157.6750
cm4

X42
1.4
1.4

.
.

7.25 2
52.563

22.5
22.5

.
.

11.25 3
1423.828

Momen

=
=
=
=

P2
. L1 - P16 . L2
5886.198
8.5
.
50032.683
7761.203
42271.481
kg.cm4

2069.654

w1

I netto
Z1

37573.77
= 3332.659
11.274

cm3

w2

I netto
Z2

37573.77
= 3347.154
11.226

cm3

Kontrol Tegangan
- Akibat
:

3.75

N
F netto

1500
19.7

76.1421

kg/cm2

D
F netto

2550
19.7

= 129.4416

kg/cm2

Momen bawah

M
w1

atas

-M
w2

N
F netto

42271.481
3332.659

12.684

kg/cm2

-42271.481
3347.154

-12.629

kg/cm2

=
=

- Tegangan Total :
bawah

M
w1

ytd

12.684

atas

-M
w2

ytd

12.629

Max

ideal

dimana

76.142

88.826

kg/cm2

88.771

kg/cm2

194.162

N
F netto

76.142
3
2

129.442

ytd

Max

88.826

194.162

7890.083

37699.052

7890.083

+ 113097.1553

120987.239

3
2

kg/cm2

347.832

ideal <

kg/cm2

347.832

kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

Untuk Batang

Potong I.I
Diketahui

B3
D13

=
=

3772.368
1862.86

B3
D13
L1
L2
D
N
d

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

3772.368
1862.86
4.875
3.875
1225
75
1.4

Kontol Potongan I . I
F1 = d1 . t1 =
F2 = d2 . t2 =
F netto

Z1

1.4
1.4

=
=
=
=

. h2 -

272.250

=
=
=

. t 16.5
.
16.5
13.700

1.0
1.0

x
x

0.5

136.125

114.425
13.7

8.3522

Z2

I bruto

I Lubang

I netto

=
=
=
=
=

=
=

x1
x2
x3
x4
h
t

=
=
=
=
=
=

2.5
cm
13
cm
5.875
cm
4.625
cm
16.5
cm
1.0
cm
Tebal Plat Simpul

cm2
cm2

1.4
1.4

( F1 + F2 )
1.0
1.4
- (
2.8
cm2

1.4

( F1 . X1 + F2 . X2 )
F netto
2

16.5
-

3.5
(
13.7

1.4
13.7

2.5

18.2

. e3
+ 1.0
+ 1.0

.
.

1.4

13

21.7

13.7

cm

- Z1

0.5

kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg

=
=

16.5
8.1478

8.3522
cm

=
=

0.5 x
8.25

cm

16.5

. t . h3 + t . h
3

1.0
16.5
.
.
0.5
1.0
4492.125
.
.
2246.063
9265.008
+
11511.070
cm4

= F1 .
x32 + F2 .
= 1.4
. 5.875 2 +
34.516 +
= 1.4
.
= 48.322 + 29.947
= 78.269
cm4
= I bruto
= 11511.07
= 11432.80

- I Lubang
- 78.2688
cm4

X42
1.4
1.4

.
.

4.625 2
21.391

16.5
16.5

.
.

8.25 3
561.516

Momen

=
=
=
=

P3
. L1 - P17 . L2
3772.368
4.875
.
18390.294
7218.583
11171.712
kg.cm4

1862.86

w1

I netto
Z1

11432.80
= 1368.839
8.352

cm3

w2

I netto
Z2

11432.80
= 1403.175
8.148

cm3

Kontrol Tegangan
- Akibat
:

3.88

N
F netto

75
13.7

5.4745

kg/cm2

D
F netto

1225
13.7

89.4161

kg/cm2

Momen bawah

M
w1

atas

-M
w2

N
F netto

11171.712
1368.839

8.161

kg/cm2

-11171.712
1403.175

-7.962

kg/cm2

=
=

- Tegangan Total :
bawah

M
w1

ytd

8.161

atas

ytd

Max

ideal

=
=

13.636

kg/cm2

5.474

13.436

kg/cm2

3
2

89.416

ytd

Max

13.636

134.124

17989.271

-M
w2
7.962
3
2

N
F netto

+
r

= 134.1241

185.938

185.938

+ 53967.81262

54153.750

=
dimana

5.474

kg/cm2

232.710

ideal <

kg/cm2

232.710

kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

Titik Kumpul O
Untuk Batang

Potong I.I
Diketahui

D21
D22

=
=

983.906
853.3332

D21
D22
L1
L2
D
N
d

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

983.906
853.3332
5.375
3.625
200
2275
1.4

Kontol Potongan I . I
F1 = d1 . t1 =
F2 = d2 . t2 =
F netto

Z1

1.4
1.4

=
=
=
=

. h2 -

306.250

=
=
=

. t 17.5
.
17.5
14.700

1.0
1.0

x
x

0.5

153.125

127.365
14.7

8.6643

Z2

I bruto

I Lubang

I netto

=
=
=
=
=

=
=

x1
x2
x3
x4
h
t

=
=
=
=
=
=

3.275
cm
15.125
cm
5
cm
11.375
cm
17.5
cm
1.0
cm
Tebal Plat Simpul

cm2
cm2

1.4
1.4

( F1 + F2 )
1.0
1.4
- (
2.8
cm2

1.4

( F1 . X1 + F2 . X2 )
F netto
2

17.5
-

1.4
14.7

( 4.585 +
14.7

3.275 +

21.175

. e3
+ 1.0
+ 1.0

.
.

1.4

15.125

25.76

14.7

cm

- Z1

0.5

kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg

=
=

17.5
8.8357

8.6643
cm

=
=

0.5 x
8.75

cm

17.5

. t . h3 + t . h
3

1.0
17.5
.
.
0.5
1.0
5359.375
.
.
2679.688
+ 11723.633
14403.320
cm4

= F1 .
x32 + F2 .
2
5
= 1.4
.
+
25
= 1.4
.
+
35
=
+ 181.147
= 216.1469 cm4
= I bruto
= 14403.32
= 14187.17

- I Lubang
- 216.1469
cm4

X42
1.4
1.4

.
.

11.38 2
129.391

17.5
17.5

.
.

8.75 3
669.922

Momen

=
=
=
=

P21 . L1 - P22 . L2
983.906
5.375
.
5288.495
3093.333
2195.162
kg.cm4

853.3332

w1

I netto
Z1

14187.17
= 1637.431
8.664

cm3

w2

I netto
Z2

14187.17
= 1605.662
8.836

cm3

Kontrol Tegangan
- Akibat
:

3.63

N
F netto

2275
14.7

= 154.7619

kg/cm2

D
F netto

200
14.7

kg/cm2

Momen bawah

M
w1

atas

-M
w2

N
F netto

=
=

13.6054

2195.162
1637.431

1.341

kg/cm2

-2195.162
1605.662

-1.367

kg/cm2

- Tegangan Total :
bawah

M
w1

ytd

1.341

atas

ytd

Max

ideal

-M
w2

kg/cm2

156.129

kg/cm2

13.605

20.408

154.762

3
2

ytd

Max

156.103

20.408

24367.996

24367.996

+ 1249.479384

3
2

416.493

kg/cm2

25617.475

dimana

156.103

N
F netto

1.367

154.762

kg/cm2

160.055

ideal <

160.055

kg/cm2

<

1400

kg/cm2

"

OK

"

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