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November 4, 2010 in Articles by daryono SEARCH

Deaerator adalah peralatan yang digunakan untuk mengurangi kandungan gas terutama untuk membatasi kandungan oksigen dalam air selama proses pembuatan uap dan pembangkitan listrik. Hal ini dilakukan agar tidak menyebabkan terjadinya proses karat (korosi) dalam pipa-pipa baik pada heat exchanger maupun boiler. Selain itu deaerator juga berfungsi sebagai pemanas yang pada umumnya dengan cara kontak langsung dan fungsi penyimpanan air umpan boiler. Tangki penyimpanan air umpan berbentuk silinder dengan ujung-ujungnya berbentuk hemispherical. Tangki penyimpanan ini biasanya didesain dengan kapasitas setara dengan lima menit maksimum feed water flow. Kapasitas ini berdasarkan pada level normal pada tangki tersebut. Air umpan dari Deaerator dikumpulkan pada sprouts dan dialirkan pada kedua sisi vessel. Kemudian air mengalir ke bagian suction feed water pump. Konstruksi deaerator terdiri dari deaerator-dome dan Feedwater tank yang secara detail konstruksinya tergantung dari desain masing-masing fabrikator. Penempatan Deaerator berada pada elevasi diatas pompa umpan boiler (Boiler Feed Pump) agar Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) terjadi secara maksimum. Salah satu jenis Deaerator adalah jenis steamjet. Deaerator jenis ini diletakkan diatas tangki penyimpanan air umpan (feedwater storage tank) yang dihubungkan dengan pipa. Air yang harus dideaerasi dimasukkan ke deaerator melalui header yang terletak di bagian atas vessel. Bagian atas deaerator adalah tray region. Air mengalir berlawana arah dengan arah uap setelah melewati tray dengan susunan tertentu. Aliran air yang jatuh meninggalkan tray berlubang (perforated tray) mempunyai rasio permukaan dengan volume besar, untuk membantu heat transfer dan menurunkan difusi non condensable gas. Bagian bawah deaerator adalah daerah steamjet. Uap diekspansi pada orifice dan air disemprotkan untuk dikumpulkan pada suatu tempat. Disinilah bagian deaerasi yang mempunyai koefisien heat transfer yang paling efisien karena kondisi aliran yang turbulen. Share this article:

DEAERATOR PLTU/STEAM POWER PLANT CONDENSER TURBINE/GENERATOR BOILER

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