DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ..............................................................................................

i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................................
ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN.................................................................................
iii
PRAKATA

.............................................................................................
iv

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................................

v
DAFTAR ISI

..............................................................................................
vii

DAFTAR TABEL

..............................................................................................
x

DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................

xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................................
xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................
xiii
INTISARI

..............................................................................................
xiv

ABSTRACT

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xv

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
1

vii

B. Maksud dan Tujuan ............................................................................................

2
C. Batasan Masalah .................................................................................................
3
D. Metode Pengumpulan Data ..............................................................................
4
E. Sistematika Penulisan Laporan ...........................................................................
4
BAB II. LANDASAN TEORI
A. Sejarah Umum PT. Indonesia Power ................................................................
7
B. Sejarah PLTA Wonogiri ....................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
9
C. Tujuan dan Manfaat ..........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
10
D. Lokasi ................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
11
E. Struktur Organisasi ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
11
F. Visi, Misi dan Motto...........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
14
G. Budaya, Filosofi dan Tujuh Nilai Perusahaan IP HaPPPI..................................
....................................................................................................................................
15
H. Makna Bentuk dan Logo.....................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
18

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I. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja ( K3 )...........................................................

....................................................................................................................................
19
BAB III PERANGKAIAN ALAT
A. Data Bangunan Sipil...........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
23
1. Waduk ( Reservoir ).............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
23
2. Bendungan Utama (Main Dam)...........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
24
3. Terowongan Pengambilan Air ( Water Way ) .....................................................
....................................................................................................................................
25
4. Power Intake........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
25
5. Kolam Olakan ( Surge Tank )..............................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
27
6. Pipa Pesat ( Pen Stock ).......................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
27
7. Main Spillway......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
28
8. Emergency Spillway.............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
30
9. Power House........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
30
10. Draft Tube............................................................................................................
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....................................................................................................................................
30
11. Tail Race..............................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
31
B. Data Mesin..........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
31
1. Turbin..................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
31
2. Pengendali Turbin ( Governor )..........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
32
3. Generator ............................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
34
4. Transformator.....................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
38
5. Kompresor...........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
42
6. Battery dan Charger ..........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
42
7. Diesel Emergency...............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
42
8. Booster Pump......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
43
9. Sand Separator....................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
44
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C. Prinsip Kerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air ....................................................

....................................................................................................................................
44
BAB IV PENGUJIAN ALAT DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Generator.............................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
47
1. Cara Kerja Generator .........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
48
2. Konstruksi Generator .........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
48
3. Sistem Eksitasi ...................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
50
B. Sistem Proteksi Generator...................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
51
1. Differential Relay ...............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
58
2. Differential Ground Relay .................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
62
3. Over Current Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
65
4. Over Voltage Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
68
5.

Loss of Field Relay .............................................................................................

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....................................................................................................................................
72
6. Field Ground Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
75
7. Ground Over Voltage Relay ...............................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
77
8. Lock Out Relay ...................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
78
C. Pemeliharaan Relay Proteksi...............................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
79
1. Pemeliharaan Rutin ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
79
2. Pemeliharaan Korektif .......................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
81
3. Pemeliharaan Darurat .........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
82
D. Pengujian Relay Proteksi....................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
54
1. Individual Test ( Pengujian Relay Secara Individual ) ......................................
....................................................................................................................................
82
2. Function Test .....................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
83
E. Hasil Pengujian Relay Proteksi Generator di PLTA Wonogiri...........................
....................................................................................................................................
84
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1. Differential Relay ...............................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
84
2. Differential Ground Relay .................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
86
3. Over Current Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
87
4. Over Voltage Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
89
5. Loss of Field Relay .............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
91
6. Field Ground Relay ............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
92
BAB V PENUTUP....................................................................................................
95
A. Kesimpulan...........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
95
B. Saran .....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...............................................................................................
97
LAMPIRAN..............................................................................................................
98

DAFTAR TABEL

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Tabel 2.1 UBP PLN PJB I.....................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
8
Tabel 3.4 Rating turbin PLTA Wonogiri...............................................................
....................................................................................................................................
32
Tabel 4.5 Rating relay tipe CAG...........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
60
Tabel 4.9 Rating relay tipe CWR 2........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
63
Tabel 4.16 Rating relay tipe KV 13.........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
70
Tabel 4.21 Rating relay HLF-D...............................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
73
Tabel 4.25 Rating DGF-3........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
76

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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.2 Lokasi PLTA Wonogiri.......................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
11
Gambar 2.3 Struktur Organisasi PLTA Wonogiri...................................................
....................................................................................................................................
13
Gambar 2.4 Logo PT. Indonesia Power...................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
18
Gambar 3.1 Power Intake........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
26
Gambar 3.2 Surge Tank...........................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
27
Gambar 3.3 Spillway................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
30
Gambar 3.5 Turbin vertical shaft kaplan.................................................................

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....................................................................................................................................
33
Gambar 3.6 Generator..............................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
35
Gambar 3.7 Prinsip kerja PLTA Wonogiri..............................................................
....................................................................................................................................
45
Gambar 4.1 Stator generator di PLTA Wonogiri.....................................................
....................................................................................................................................
49
Gambar 4.2 Rotor generator di PLTA Wonogiri.....................................................
....................................................................................................................................
50
Gambar 4.3 Pembagian daerah pengaman...............................................................
....................................................................................................................................
54
Gambar 4.4 Arah arus pada CT dan relay ( satu fasa )............................................
....................................................................................................................................
58
Gambar 4.6 Konstruksi relay tipe CAG di PLTA Wonogiri...................................
....................................................................................................................................
61
Gambar 4.7 Karakteristik relay differensial.............................................................
.............................................................................................................
62
Gambar 4.8 Pengawatan relay differensial ground..................................................
....................................................................................................................................
63
Gambar 4.10 Konstruksi relay 87 G tipe CWR 2......................................................
....................................................................................................................................
64
Gambar 4.11 Karakteristik relay 87G........................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
65
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Gambar 4.12 Pengawatan OCR ( 51 ).......................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
66
Gambar 4.13 Karakteristik relay OCR.......................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
67
Gambar 4.14 Konstruksi relay tipe COV-8-D...........................................................
....................................................................................................................................
68
Gambar 4.15 Diagram pengawatan OVR..................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
69
Gambar 4.17 Karakteristik relay CV-5-D..................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
70
Gambar 4.18 Konstruksi relay CV-5-D.....................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
71
Gambar 4.19 Konstruksi relay KV-13-D...................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
71
Gambar 4.20 Pemasangan relay Loss of Field ( 40 ).................................................
....................................................................................................................................
73
Gambar 4.22 Kurva kapabilitas.................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
74
Gambar 4.23 Konstruksi relay Loss of Field.............................................................
....................................................................................................................................
75
Gambar 4.24 Kondisi arus saat normal dan saat terjadi gangguan............................
....................................................................................................................................
76
Gambar 4.26 Konstruksi relay DGF3........................................................................

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.............................................................................................................
77
Gambar 4.27 Pengawatan relay ground over voltage ( 64 N )..................................
....................................................................................................................................
77
Gambar 4.28 Konstruksi relay CV-8-D.....................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
78
Gambar 4.29 Peralatan pengujian relay.....................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
84
Gambar 4.30 Hasil pengujian relay differensial........................................................
....................................................................................................................................
86
Gambar 4.31 Hasil pengujian relay differensial ground............................................
....................................................................................................................................
87
Gambar 4.32 Hasil pengujian relay OCR..................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
88
Gambar 4.33 Hasil pengujian relay OVR ( CV-5-D )...............................................
....................................................................................................................................
90
Gambar 4.34 Hasil pengujian relay OVR ( KV-13-D ).............................................
....................................................................................................................................
91
Gambar 4.35 Hasil pengujian relay loss of field........................................................
....................................................................................................................................
92
Gambar 4.36 Hasil pengujian relay field ground.......................................................
....................................................................................................................................
93
Gambar 4.37 Hasil pengujian relay ground over voltage..........................................
....................................................................................................................................
94
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