DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL...................................................................................................
i................................................................................................................................
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN.........................................................................................
ii
PERNYATAAN..........................................................................................................
iii
PRAKATA..................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
iv
INTISARI....................................................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................
viii
PERSEMBAHAN.......................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
ix
DAFTAR ISI...............................................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR..................................................................................................
xii
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................................
xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..........................................................................................
1
A.
Latar Belakang....................................................................................
1
B.
Maksud dan Tujuan
......................................................................................................................
1
C.
Batasan Masalah
......................................................................................................................
2
D.
Metode Pengumpulan Data
......................................................................................................................
2
E.
Sistematika Penulisan Laporan

......................................................................................................................
3
BAB II DASAR TEORI..............................................................................................
4
A.
Api, Kebakaran, dan Asap Hasil Kebakaran
......................................................................................................................
4
1. Api
......................................................................................................................
4
2. Kebakaran
......................................................................................................................
4
3. Asap Hasil Kebakaran
......................................................................................................................
7
B.
Catu Daya
......................................................................................................................
8
1. Transformator
......................................................................................................................
10
2. Rectifier
......................................................................................................................
11
3. Filter
......................................................................................................................
12
4. Regulasi Tegangan dengan IC
......................................................................................................................
12
C.
Mikrokontroler
.................................................................................................................
14
1. Arsitektur ATMega 16
......................................................................................................................
15
2. Konfigurasi Pin ATMega 16
......................................................................................................................
16
3. Peta Memori ATMega 16
xi

......................................................................................................................
19
4. Timer2 ATMega 16
......................................................................................................................
21
5. ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)...............................................
31
D. Sensor MQ-7
......................................................................................................................
34
E.
Flame Sensor
......................................................................................................................
36
F.
Motor Servo
......................................................................................................................
37
1. Pengertian Motor Servo
......................................................................................................................
37
2. Jenis-Jenis Motor Servo
......................................................................................................................
38
G.
LCD 16X2
......................................................................................................................
38
H.
Pompa Air Akuarium
......................................................................................................................
40
I.
Kipas 12 Volt DC
......................................................................................................................
41
BAB III PERANGKAIAN ALAT..............................................................................
42
A.
Blok Diagram......................................................................................
42
B.
Perangkaian Perangkat Keras
......................................................................................................................
43
1. Rangkaian Catu Daya
......................................................................................................................
43
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2. Sistem Minimum (Sismin)

......................................................................................................................
44
a. Power Supply 5 Volt DC
......................................................................................................................
45
b. Rangkaian Mikrokontroler ATMega 16
......................................................................................................................
47
3. Blog Input: Sensor MQ-7
......................................................................................................................
49
4. Blog Input: Flame Sensor
......................................................................................................................
51
5. Rangkaian Relay
......................................................................................................................
51
6. Penampil LCD
......................................................................................................................
53
7. Blog output: Servo
......................................................................................................................
55
8. Blog output: Pompa Air
......................................................................................................................
56
9. Blog output: Kipas 12 Volt DC
......................................................................................................................
57
10. Perancangan Skematik secara Keseluruhan
......................................................................................................................
57
C.
Perancangan Perangkat Lunak
......................................................................................................................
59
1. Flowchart Program
......................................................................................................................
59
2. Pemrograman Bahasa C dengan CodeVision AVR
......................................................................................................................
60

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3. Identifikasi
......................................................................................................................
61
4. Timer
......................................................................................................................
62
5. ADC
......................................................................................................................
63
6. Inisialisasi Input/Output
......................................................................................................................
66
7. LCD
......................................................................................................................
69
D.
Perangkaian Desain Alat
......................................................................................................................
71
BAB IV PENGUJIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .........................................................
74
A.
Pengujian Catu Daya
......................................................................................................................
74
B.
Pengujian Penampil LCD 16x2
......................................................................................................................
76
C.
Pengujian Relay
......................................................................................................................
78
D.
Pengujian Sensor MQ-7
......................................................................................................................
79
E.
Pengujian Flame Sensor
......................................................................................................................
81
F.
Pengujian Servo
......................................................................................................................
83
G.
Pengujian Alat Secara Keseluruhan Keseluruhan
......................................................................................................................
85

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BAB V PENUTUP .....................................................................................................

88
A.
Kesimpulan
......................................................................................................................
88
B.
Saran
......................................................................................................................
88
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................
89
LAMPIRAN ...............................................................................................................
90

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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Kebakaran gedung..................................................................................
5
Gambar 2.2 Tegangan AC..........................................................................................
9
Gambar 2.3 Tegangan DC..........................................................................................
9
Gambar 2.4 Penyearah sistem jembatan.....................................................................
9
Gambar 2.5 Rangkaian penyearah setengah gelombang dengan filter c....................
11
Gambar 2.6 Bentuk gelombang dengan filter kapasitor.............................................
12
Gambar 2.7 Rangkaian penyearah gelombang penuh dengan filter...........................
12
Gambar 2.8 IC regulator 78xx dan 79xx....................................................................
13
Gambar 2.9 Blok diagram fungsional ATMega16.....................................................
15
Gambar 2.10 Konfigurasi pin ATMega16..................................................................
16
Gambar 2.11 Peta Memori ATMega16.......................................................................
19
Gambar 2.12 Peta Memori Data ATMega16..............................................................
20
Gambar 2.13 Register TCCR2....................................................................................
21
Gambar 2.14 Register TCNT2....................................................................................
24
Gambar 2.15 Registrt OCR2.......................................................................................
24
Gambar 2.16 Register ASSR.......................................................................................
25
Gambar 2.17 Register TIMSK....................................................................................
30
Gambar 2.18 Register TIFR........................................................................................
30
Gambar 2.19 ADC Control and Status Register A - ADCSRA..................................
32
xvi

Gambar 2.20 ADC Multiplexer...................................................................................

33
Gambar 2.21 Register SFIOR.....................................................................................
33
Gambar 2.22 Bentuk fisik sensor MQ-7.....................................................................
34
Gambar 2.23 Karakteristik sensitivitas MQ7..............................................................
35
Gambar 2.24 Skema MQ-7.........................................................................................
36
Gambar 2.25 Flame Sensor.........................................................................................
36
Gambar 2.26 Bentuk fisik motor servo.......................................................................
37
Gambar 2.27 LCD 16x2..............................................................................................
39
Gambar 3.1 Blog Diagram........................................................................................
42
Gambar 3.2 Skematik rangkaian catu daya...............................................................
43
Gambar 3.3 Skematik rangkaian sistem minimum...................................................
45
Gambar 3.4 Skematik rangkaian Power supply 5Volt DC........................................
46
Gambar 3.5 Skematik rangkaian sistem minimum mikrokontroler ATMega16.......
47
Gambar 3.6 Sensor MQ-7.........................................................................................
50
Gambar 3.7 Skema susunan relay.............................................................................
52
Gambar 3.8 Skematik rangkaian relay......................................................................
52
Gambar 3.9 Skematik rangkaian LCD 16x2.............................................................
54
Gambar 3.10 Bentuk fisik pompa air akuarium..........................................................
56
Gambar 3.11 Bentuk fisik kipas 12 Volt DC..............................................................
57
Gambar 3.12 Rangkaian skematik keseluruhan.........................................................
58

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Gambar 3.13 Flowchart Program...............................................................................

59
Gambar 3.14 Settingan nilai timer2 pada Codevision AVR......................................
62
Gambar 3.15 Settingan ADC pada Codevision AVR................................................
64
Gambar 3.16 Pengaturan PortB pada Codevison AVR..............................................
66
Gambar 3.17 Pengaturan PortD pada Codevision AVR............................................
67
Gambar 3.18 Pengaturan LCD pada Codevision AVR..............................................
69
Gambar 3.19 Desain rancangan alat (tampak depan).................................................
71
Gambar 3.20 Desain rancangan alat (tampak belakang)............................................
72
Gambar 4.1 Pengujian LCD......................................................................................
77
Gambar 4.2 Pengujian Servo.....................................................................................
84
Gambar 4.3 MQ-7 mendeteksi asap..........................................................................
86
Gambar 4.4 Flame sensor menemukan titik api.......................................................
86
Gambar 4.5 Proses pemadaman api..........................................................................
87

xviii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Fungsi fungsi alternatif pada port B.........................................................

17
Tabel 2.2 Fungsi-fungsi alternatif pada Port D...........................................................
18
Tabel 2.3 Waveform Generation Mode Bit Description.............................................
22
Tabel 2.4 Compare Output Mode, non-PWM Mode...................................................
22
Tabel 2.5 Compare Output Mode, Fast PWM Mode .................................................
23
Tabel 2.6 Compare Output Mode, Phase Correct PWM Mode...................................
23
Tabel 2.7 Clock Select Bit Description.......................................................................
24
Tabel 2.8 Konfigurasi Clock ADC..............................................................................
32
Tabel 2.9 Pemilihan sumber picu ADC.......................................................................
33
Tabel 2.10 Konfigurasi LCD 16x2..............................................................................
40
Tabel 3.1 Konfigurasi Pin LCD..................................................................................
55
Tabel 4.1 Hasil pengukuran rangkaian catu daya........................................................
75
Tabel 4.2 Resistansi rangkaian sebelum aktif.............................................................
78
Tabel 4.3 Resistansi rangkaian setelah aktif...............................................................
79
Tabel 4.4 Hasil pengujian sensor MQ-7......................................................................
80
Tabel 4.5 Hasil pengujian flame sensor......................................................................
81
Tabel 4.6 Hasil pengujian servo..................................................................................
84

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