BAB V Iut FIX
BAB V Iut FIX
PENGOLAHAN DATA
PRAKTIKUM ILMU UKUR TANAH
5.1. Data Hasil Pengukuran
Tabel 5.1 Data Hasil Pengukuran
P1
P2
P3
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
ba
Belakang
bt
1,410
1,340
1,970
1,310
1,320
1,450
1,340
1,230
1,391
1,519
1,423
1,307
2,043
1,426
1,562
-
1,390
1,320
1,950
1,290
1,300
1,430
1,320
1,210
1,370
1,499
1,405
1,293
2,025
1,400
1,545
-
Muka
bb
ba
bt
PEMBACAAN PERGI
1,370
1,300
1,920
1,270
1,270
1,540
1,520
1,430
1,410
1,230
1,210
1,490
1,460
1,620
1,590
1,410
1,300
1,193
1,350
1,477
1,560
1,530
1,452
1,425
2,189
2,156
1,552
1,520
1,694
1,662
1,388
1,277
2,012
1,382
1,527
1,541
1,519
1,416
1,384
2,166
2,136
1,544
1,513
1,532
1,500
54
bb
1,490
1,380
1,180
1,430
1,560
1,502
1,390
1,500
1,500
1,638
1,478
1,362
2,005
1,482
1,479
4,700
1,470
5,300
5,200
1,470
4,800
5,300
1,468
4,700
55
P4
P4
P3
P2
P1
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
1,385
1,259
2,008
1,388
1,362
-
1,344
1,218
1,967
1,347
1,322
-
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
1,360
1,334
1,210
1,959
1,340
1,269
1,372
1,257
1,090
1,363
1,490
1,348
1,328
1,929
1,295
1,420
1,345
1,272
1,903
1,246
1,251
-
1,396
1,373
1,370
1,302
1,175
1,925
1,302
1,274
1,508
1,496
1,412
1,399
2,115
2,104
1,494
1,478
1,588
1,573
PEMBACAAN PULANG
1,308
1,501
1,475
1,349
2,054
1,477
1,463
1,348
1,484
1,459
1,322
2,007
1,449
1,853
1,323
1,574
1,548
1,421
2,057
1,362
1,472
1,321
1,210
1,190
1,120
1,750
1,090
1,100
1,484
1,385
2,090
1,465
1,556
1,449
4,600
1,456
5,400
4,800
1,400
5,200
1,434
5,200
1,410
4,800
1,523
5,000
1,410
5,000
1,170
5,100
1,458
4,900
56
Soal dan tabulasi data:
Untuk perhitungan elevasi, diketahui elevasi di titik C adalah +425,000.
5.2. Perhitungan-Perhitungan
5.2.1
Perhitungan Jarak
Pengukuran jarak dapat dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu :
Jarak Rerata
Merupakan jumlah antara jarak manual, jarak optis pergi, jarak optis pulang dibagi
tiga.
Jarak Rerata = 1/3 ( jarak manual + jarak optis pergi + jarak optis pulang )
Contoh perhitungan :
Pada titik utama pembacaan pergi diketahui pembacaan bak di A (belakang).
Jarak titik A ke B sebagai berikut :
C1
= ( ba bb ) x 100
= (1,4231,388 ) x 100
= 3,5 m
D1
= ( ba bb ) x 100
= (1.541 1.478) x 100
= 6,3 m
57
Belakang
bt
ba
P1
P2
P3
P4
P4
P3
P2
P1
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
1,410
1,450
1,423
1,385
-
1,390
1,430
1,405
1,344
-
E
D
D
C
C
B
B
A
1,360
1,396
1,373
1,370
-
1,475
1,459
1,548
1,345
-
Muka
bb
ba
bt
PEMBACAAN PERGI
1,370
1,540
1,520
1,410
1,560
1,530
1,388
1,541
1,519
1,302
1,508
1,496
PEMBACAAN PULANG
1,308
1,501
1,372
1,348
1,484
1,348
1,323
1,574
1,345
1,321
1,210
1,190
bb
Jarak Metris
Jarak Jarak Rerata
(m)
Optis (m)
(m)
1,490
1,502
1,478
1,484
4,700
5,300
5,200
4,800
5,300
4,700
4,600
5,400
4,000
5,000
4,000
5,800
3,500
6,300
8,300
2,400
4,350
5,150
4,600
5,300
4,400
5,500
6,450
3,900
1,449
1,434
1,523
1,170
4,800
5,200
5,200
4,800
5,000
5,000
5,100
4,900
5,200
5,200
4,800
5,000
5,000
5,100
4,900
4,000
5,000
5,200
5,000
4,900
5,000
5,050
5,000
4,450
Interval Jarak
A- B
B- C
C- D
D- E
Pulang
10,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
Pulang
8,900
10,100
9,800
10,400
9,475
19,450
29,350
39,625
= 1,519
58
Keterangan : Tanda negatif tidak ditulis karena merupakan selisih.
Beda Tinggi Rerata
Perhitungan beda tinggi rerata menggunakan data beda tinggi pembacaan pergi
dengan beda tinggi pembacaan pulang dibagi dua.
Contoh perhitungan :
Perhitungan beda tinggi titik C.
Diketahui : beda tinggi pembacaan pergi
beda tinggi pembacaan pulang
= 0,114 m
= 0,111 m
P1
P2
P3
P4
P4
P3
P2
P1
Target Bidik
Belakang
ba
bt
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
1,410
1,450
1,423
1,385
-
1,390
1,430
1,405
1,344
-
E
D
D
C
C
B
B
A
1,360
1,396
1,373
1,370
-
1,475
1,459
1,548
1,345
-
Muka
bb
ba
bt
PEMBACAAN PERGI
1,370
1,540
1,520
1,410
1,560
1,530
1,388
1,541
1,519
1,302
1,508
1,496
PEMBACAAN PULANG
1,308
1,348
1,323
1,321
-
1,501
1,484
1,574
1,210
1,372
1,348
1,345
1,190
bb
1,490
1,502
1,478
1,484
1,449
1,434
1,523
1,170
0,130
0,100
0,114
0,152
0,103
0,111
0,203
0,155
Elevasi
425,230
425,100
425,100
425,000
425,000
424,886
424,886
424,734
424,734
424,837
424,837
424,948
424,948
425,151
425,151
425,306
59
Contoh perhitungan :
a. Pada perhitungan pergi
Diketahui elevasi titik C = + 425,000
Elevasi titik D = Elevasi C - beda tinggi
= 425,000 0,114
= + 425,114
b. Pada perhitungan pulang
Diketahui elevasi titik C = + 425,000
Elevasi titik C
c. Elevasi rata-rata
Perhitungan ini menggunakan data elevasi pergi dan elevasi pulang suatu titik
kemudian dibagi dua.
Contoh prhitungan :
Perhitungan rata-rata pada titik C
Diketahui : Elevasi pergi
Elevasi pulang
= + 425,000
= + 424,948
60
Beda Tinggi (m)
Titik
Pergi
Pulang
Rerata
A
0,130
0,155
425,230
425,306
425,268
425,100
425,151
425,126
425,000
424,948
424,974
424,886
424,837
424,862
424,734
424,734
424,734
0,143
B
0,100
Elevasi Rerata
0,203
0,152
C
0,114
0,111
0,113
0,152
0,103
0,128
D
E
= + 425,000
= 1,405
= 1,405 m
61
Maka elevasi di C1
hC2
= 1,293 m
hC3
= 2,025 m
hC4
= 1,400 m
= TGB hC1
= 426,405 1,405
= + 425,000
C2
= TGB hC2
= 426,405 1,293
= + 425,112
C3
= TGB hC3
= 426,405 2,025
= + 424,380
C4
= TGB hC4
= 426,405 1,400
= + 425,005
Hasil perhitungan lain tentang elevasi titik detail dapat dilihat pada tabel 5.6
Tabel 5.6 Perhitungan Elevasi Titik Detail
62
P1
P2
P3
P4
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
Bt (m)
Pergi
1,390
1,320
1,950
1,290
1,300
1,520
1,410
1,210
1,460
1,590
1,430
1,320
1,210
1,370
1,499
1,530
1,425
2,156
1,520
1,662
1,405
1,293
2,025
1,400
1,545
1,519
1,384
2,136
1,513
1,500
1,344
1,218
1,967
1,347
1,322
1,496
1,399
2,104
1,478
1,573
Pulang
1,190
1,120
1,750
1,090
1,100
1,345
1,272
1,903
1,246
1,251
1,345
1,272
1,903
1,246
1,251
1,548
1,421
2,057
1,362
1,472
1,348
1,328
1,929
1,295
1,420
1,459
1,322
2,007
1,449
1,853
1,372
1,257
1,090
1,363
1,490
1,475
1,349
2,054
1,477
1,463
TGB
Pergi
Pulang
426,620 426,496
426,620 426,496
426,530 426,496
426,530 426,496
426,405 426,296
426,405 426,296
426,230 426,209
426,230 426,209
5.2.4
Slope
Contoh perhitungan :
Elevasi C1
= +424,390
Elevasi D1
= +424,485
Elevasi
Pergi
425,230
425,300
424,670
425,330
425,320
425,100
425,210
425,410
425,160
425,030
425,100
425,210
425,320
425,160
425,031
425,000
425,105
424,374
425,010
424,868
425,000
425,112
424,380
425,005
424,860
424,886
425,021
424,269
424,892
424,905
424,886
425,012
424,263
424,883
424,908
424,734
424,831
424,126
424,752
424,657
Pulang
425,306
425,376
424,746
425,406
425,396
425,151
425,224
424,593
425,250
425,245
425,151
425,224
424,593
425,250
425,245
424,948
425,075
424,439
425,134
425,024
424,948
424,968
424,367
425,001
424,876
424,837
424,974
424,289
424,847
424,443
424,837
424,952
425,119
424,846
424,719
424,734
424,860
424,155
424,732
424,746
Rerata
425,268
425,338
424,708
425,368
425,358
425,126
425,217
425,002
425,205
425,138
425,126
425,217
424,957
425,205
425,138
424,974
425,090
424,407
425,072
424,946
424,974
425,040
424,374
425,003
424,868
424,862
424,998
424,279
424,870
424,674
424,862
424,982
424,691
424,865
424,814
424,734
424,846
424,141
424,742
424,702
Sketsa Saluran
+425,268
+425,368 +425,258
+425,338
A2
A4
A1
+424,708
A5
63
= 0,5140 m
Jarak Horizontal
= 9,9000 m
0,5140
Slope (C1-D1)
= 9,900
= 0.0519
Hasil perhitungan lain tentang slope rerata dapat dilihat pada tabel 5.7
Tabel 5.7 Perhitungan Slope Rerata
Titik Dasar
Saluran
Elevasi
A3
424,708
B3
C3
D3
E3
Beda Tinggi
(m)
Jarak
(m)
Slope
0,4465
9,4750
0,047124
0,5370
9,9750
0,053835
0,5140
9,9000
0,051919
0,1160
10,2750
0,011290
424,979
424,390
424,485
424,141
Total
Slope Rerata
5.3. Penggambaran
5.3.1
0,164167
0,041042
64
5.3.2
65
b=h
= 0,025
m =1
S
= 0,01783
= 0, 15 m (kanan), 32 m (kiri)
66
# Luas Penampang
A = (b + mh).h
# Keliling Basah
P = b + 2h 1 + m 2
= (h + h).h
= h + 2h 1 +12
= 2h2
= (1 + 2 2 ) h
# Jari-jari Hidrolis
R =
A
P
# Kecepatan Aliran
V =
( 2h 2 )
1 2 / 3 1/ 2
R S
n
2h
1
.
0,025
1 + 2 2
(1 + 2 2 )h
2h
(1 + 2 2 )
= 3,46 h2/3
# Debit Aliran
V = 3,46(h)2/3
=A.V
0,60
= 2h2. 3,46h2/3
= 3,46 (0,400)2/3
= 0,400 m
= 1,878 m/dtk
W = (1/3 h)
= (1/3 . 0,400)
= 0,133 + 0,400
= 0,133 m
= 0,533 m
2h
(1 + 2 2 )
2(0,311)
(1 + 2 2 )
= 0,276 m
# Keliling Basah
P = (1 +2 2 )h
(0,01783) 1 / 2
# Tinggi Jagaan
2/3
# Luas Penampang
A = 2h2
= (1+2 2 ) . 0,311
= 2 (0,311)2
= 2,025m
= 0,5603 m2
67
III
IV
II
68
IV
III
II
VI
III
II
IV
69
III
IV
II
III
II
IV
70
III
II
II
IV
IV
71
III
II
IV
III
II
IV
72
III
IV
II
III
I
II
IV
73
Perhitungan volume di interval A A
Untuk Galian :
Luas galian di A
= 0,100592
Luas galian di A
= 0,107816
Jarak A A
= 4,374
Volume Galian
m3
Untuk Timbunan :
= 0,20702
m2
m2
Jarak A A
Luas timbunan di A
= 4,374
= 0,6950
m3
Hasil perhitungan lain tentang volume galian dan timbunan dapat dilihat pada tabel 5.7
Tabel 5.7 Perhitungan Volume Galian dan Timbunan
Interval
A - A'
A'-B
B-B'
B'-C
C-C'
C'-C''
C''-D
D-D'
D'-D''
Titik Yang di
Ukur
A
A'
A'
B
B
B'
B'
C
C
C'
C'
C''
C''
D
D
D''
D''
D''
D''
D"-E
Luas Galian
0,100592
0,107816
0,107816
0,268044
0,268044
0,117772
0,117772
0,119844
0,119844
0,120088
0,120088
0,140588
0,140588
0,220016
0,220016
0,188372
0,188372
0,189264
0,189264
0,210488
Luas Timbunan
0,207024
0,110292
0,110292
0,093996
0,093996
0,160464
0,160464
0,251960
0,251960
0,246820
0,246820
0,159908
0,159908
0,119856
0,119856
0,050184
0,050184
0,050620
0,050620
0,057572
Jumlah
Jarak
Volume
Volume
Timbuna
Galian
n
4,374
0,4558
0,6940
5,626
1,0573
0,5747
6,265
1,2086
0,7971
3,735
0,4437
0,7702
1,918
0,2301
0,4783
3,695
0,4816
0,7514
4,387
0,7910
0,6137
7,236
1,4775
0,6152
0,178
0,0336
0,0090
2,586
0,5169
0,1399
3,8771
4,0657