PERENCANAAN TANGGA
Data Perencanaan Tangga
Gambar rencana tangga dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1. dan 2.
= 15 cm
= 360 cm
Lebar tangga
= 150 cm
Tinggi tangga
= 400 cm
Dimensi bordes
= 240 300 cm
Lebar antrade
= 30 cm
Jumlah antrade
= 360/30 = 12 buah
Jumlah optrade
= 12 + 1 = 13 buah
Tinggi optrade
= 208 / 13
= 16 cm
= Arc.tg ( 208/390 )
16 x 13 =208
= 30,010
360 cm
0.16
Teq
Ht=0.15
BD =
=
AB BC
AC
16 30
162 302
= 14,12 cm
Teq = 2/3 BD
= 2/3 14,12
= 9,41 cm
Jadi total equivalent plat tangga
Y
= Teq + ht
= 9,41+ 15
= 24,41 cm = 0,2441 m
Hitungan Beban
1. Pembebanan Tangga
a. Akibat beban mati (qD)
Berat tegel keramik (1 cm)
25,5
kg/m
63
kg/m
878,76 kg/m
150
kg/m
qD = 1117,26 kg/m
b. Akibat beban hidup (qL)
qL = 1,5 300 kg/m2
= 450 kg/m
c. Beban ultimate (qU)
qU = 1,2 . qD + 1,6 . qL
= ( 1,2 1117,26) + ( 1,6 450 )
= 2060,712 kg/m
= 0,01 3 2400
72 kg/m
= 0,02 3 2100
126 kg/m
= 0,15 3 2400
= 1080 kg/m
150 kg/m +
qD = 1428 kg/m
b. Akibat beban hidup (qL)
qL = 3 300 kg/ m2
= 900 kg/m
c. Beban ultimate (qU)
qU = 1,2 . qD + 1.6 . qL
= ( 1,2 1428 ) + ( 1,6 900 )
= 3153,6 kg/m
Mn =
m
0,85. fc 600
. .
fy
600 fy
(
= 0,0602
max = 0,75 . b
= 0,0452
min = 0,0025
Rn
ada =
=
= 0,0122
ada < max
ada > min
di pakai ada = 0,0083
As
= ada . b . d
= 0,0122 1500 123,5
= 2265,16 mm2
Jarak tulangan =
= 58,56 mm 50 mm
=2 h
= 2 x 150= 300 mm
Dipakai tulangan D 13 mm 50 mm
Mn =
m
0,85. fc 600
. .
fy
600 fy
(
= 0,0602
max = 0,75 . b
= 0,0452
min = 0,0025
Rn
ada =
= 0,0053
ada < max
ada > min
di pakai ada = 0,0053
As
= ada . b . d
= 0,0053 1500 123,5
= 982,17 mm2
= 135,07 mm 100 mm
=2 h
= 2 150 = 300
24 30
3
20
Gambar 5. Rencana Balok Bordes
= 300 mm
= 200 mm
Dtul = 16 mm
Dsk = 10 mm
d
= p + Dsk + Dtul
= 30 + 10 + 8
= 48 mm
= h d`
= 300 48
= 252 mm
1.
= 432
kg/m
= 0,01 x 3 x 1700
= 51
kg/m
= 0,02 x 3 x 2100
= 126
kg/m
= 0,15 x 3 x 2400
=1080
kg/m +
qD = 1689
2.
3.
= 1,2 . qD + 1,6. qL
= (1,2 . 1689 ) + (1,6 . 900)
= 3466,8 kg/m
kg/m
=
=
5.
= 1155,6 kg/m
Mn =
m
0,85. fc 600
. .
fy
600 fy
(
=
= 0,0351
max = 0,75 . b
= 0,0263
min =
Rn
= 0,0039
ada =
=
= 0,0092
ada < max
ada > min
di pakai ada = 0,0092
As
= ada . b . d
= 0,0092 200 250,5
= 458,97 mm2
Dipakai tulangan D 19 mm
As
= . . (19)2
= 283,39 mm2
Jumlah tulangan
= 1,62 2 buah
As yang timbul = 2. .. d2
= 2 3,14 (19)2
= 566,77 mm2 > As . (Aman)
Dipakai tulangan 2 D 19 mm
Mn =
m
0,85. fc 600
. .
fy
600
fy
=
= 0,0351
max = 0,75 . b
= 0,0039
ada =
=
= 0,0044
ada < max
ada > min
di pakai ada = 0,0044
As
= ada . b . d
= 0,0044 200 254
= 220,89 mm2
Dipakai tulangan D 19 mm
As
= . . (19)2
= 283,39 mm2
Jumlah tulangan
= 0,779 2 buah
As yang timbul = 2. .. d2
= 2 3,14 (19)2
= 566,77 mm2 > As . (Aman)
Dipakai tulangan 2 D 19 mm
Vu
Vc
= 1 / 6 . b.d. f' c
= 1/6 200 250,5
= 44184 N
Vc = 0,75 . Vc
= 0,75 44184 N
= 33138,04 N
3 Vc = 3. Vc
= 3. 33138,04
= 99414,11 N
Vc < Vu < 3 Vc
Jadi diperlukan tulangan geser
Vs
= Vu - Vc
= 69340 33138,04 = 36198 N
Vsperlu =
Av
= 48263,95 N
= 3 . (10)2
= 3 . . 3,14 . 100 = 157 mm2
Av fy d
=
Vs perlu
Smax
d 250,5
125,25 mm 125 mm
2
2
= 195,57 mm
80
60
60
30
30
60
60
80
25
75
80
150
150
190
Gambar 6. Pondasi Tangga
Direncanakan pondasi telapak dengan kedalaman 1,0 m dan dimensi 1,9 x 2,1 m
Tebal footplat = 250 mm
Ukuran alas
= 1900 x 2100 mm
tanah
tanah
D tulangan
= 16 mm
= 32843 kg
Mu
= 12040 kgm
Pembebanan pondasi
Berat telapak pondasi = 1,9 x 2,1 x 0,25 x 2400
= 2394
kg
Berat tanah
kg
Berat kolom
= 1209,6
kg
Pu
= 32843
kg +
= 40322,6
kg
=
= 0,299 kg < 1/6.B
= 0,299 kg < 1/6.1,9
= 0,299 kg < 0,317 ......... ok
yang terjadi =
Mu
A 1
.b.L2
6
tanah max =
tanah min =
Mu
= . . l2
= . 18408,82. (0,60)2 = 3313,59 kg/m = 3,314.107 Nmm
Mn
m
=
=
= 3,68.107
0,85. fc 600
. .
fy
600 fy
(
= 0,0351
max = 0,75 . b
= 0,0263
min =
a.
Rn
= 0,0039
ada =
=
= 0,0011
ada < max
ada < min
di pakai min = 0,0039
As
= min . b . d
= 0,009 1900 202
= 1492,56 mm2
Digunakan tul D 16 = . . d 2
= . 3,14 . (16)2
= 200,96 mm2
Jumlah tulangan =
Jarak tulangan
7,42 = 8
=
= 237,5 mm ~200 mm
ada =
=
= 0,0010
ada < max
ada < min
di pakai min = 0,0039
As
= min . b . d
= 0,009 1900 202
= 1492,56 mm2
Digunakan tul D 16 = . . d 2
= . 3,14 . (16)2
= 200,96 mm2
Jumlah tulangan =
Jarak tulangan
7,42 = 8
=
= 237,5 mm ~200 mm