DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
Judul.................................................................................................................

Lembar Pengesahan........................................................................................

ii

Kata Pengantar.................................................................................................

iii

Abstrak.............................................................................................................

Abstract............................................................................................................

vi

Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................... vii

Daftar Tabel......................................................................................................

Daftar Gambar..................................................................................................

xi

Daftar Lampiran................................................................................................ xii

Daftar Singkatan............................................................................................... xiii
BAB 1

BAB 2

PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah...............................................................

1.2 Rumusan Masalah.......................................................................

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian..........................................................................

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum.....................................................................

1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus...................................................................

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................

1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis..............................................................

1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis..................................................................

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1 Aterosklerosis...............................................................................

2.1.1 Definisi Aterosklerosis........................................................

2.1.2 Patofisologi Aterosklerosis.................................................

2.1.3 Peran Hiperkolesteromia dalam Aterosklerosis..................

2.1.4 Peran Inflamasi dalam Aterosklerosis................................

2.2 Interleukin 6............................................................................... 10

2.2.1 Definisi Interleukin 6........................................................ 10
2.2.3 Fungsi Interleukin 6......................................................... 10

2.3 Radikal Bebas dan Antioksidan.................................................... 12

2.3.1 Radikal Bebas.................................................................... 12
2.3.2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)....................................... 12
2.3.3 Lipid sebagai Sumber Radikal Bebas................................. 13
2.3.4 Antioksidan......................................................................... 13
2.4 Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus).................................................. 14
2.5 Polifenol....................................................................................... 18
2.6 Diet Aterogenik............................................................................. 20
BAB 3

KERANGKA KONSEP DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN

3.1 Kerangka Konsep......................................................................... 21
3.2 Diskripsi Kerangka Konsep.......................................................... 22
3.3 Hipotesis Penelitian...................................................................... 23

BAB 4

METODE PENELITIAN
4.1 Rancangan Penilitian................................................................... 24
4.2 Populasi dan Sampel................................................................... 24
4.2.1 Sampel Penelitian.............................................................. 24
4.2.2 Populasi Sampel................................................................ 25
4.3 Variabel Penelitian........................................................................ 25
4.4 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian....................................................... 26
4.5 Bahan dan Alat............................................................................. 26
4.6 Definisi Operasional..................................................................... 28
4.6.1 Hewan Coba...................................................................... 28
4.6.2 Diet Aterogenik................................................................... 28
4.6.3 Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus)....... 28
4.6.4 Interleukin-6 (IL-6).............................................................. 28
4.7 Prosedur Penelitian...................................................................... 28
4.7.1 Pembuatan Pakan Tikus.................................................... 28
4.7.2 Proses Perlakuan pada Tikus............................................. 30
4.7.3 Pengukuran IL-6................................................................. 31
4.7.4 Bagan Alur Penelitian......................................................... 32
4.8 Pengolahan Data.......................................................................... 33

BAB 5

HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISIS DATA

5.1 Hasil Penelitian............................................................................. 34
5.2 Analisis Data................................................................................. 35

BAB 6

PEMBAHASAN
6.1 Pengaruh Diet Aterogenik terhadap Kadar IL-6 Tikus................... 38
6.2 Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus
rotundus) terhadap Kadar IL-6 Tikus............................................ 40

BAB 7

PENUTUP
7.1 Kesimpulan.................................................................................. 43
7.2 Saran............................................................................................ 43

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 44

LAMPIRAN....................................................................................................... 50
PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN................................................................ 72

DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman

Tabel 2.1 Karakter Makroskopis Umbi Rumput Teki.......................................... 16

Tabel 2.2 Hasil Berbagai Ekstraksi Umbi Rumput Teki...................................... 18
Tabel 5.1 Rerata Kadar IL-6 pada Masing-masing Kelompok Perlakuan.......... 34

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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman

Gambar 2.1 Patofisiologi Aterosklerosis............................................................

Gambar 2.2 Faktor Molekular Perkembangan Plak.......................................... 10

Gambar 2.3 Interaksi ROS dengan Aterosklerosis............................................ 12
Gambar 2.4 Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus)................................................... 15
Gambar 2.5 Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus)......................................... 16
Gambar 2.6 Potongan Transversal dari Umbi Rumput Teki.............................. 17
Gambar 2.7 Klasifikasi dan struktur kimia dari kelas utama diet polifenol......... 19
Gambar 3.1 Kerangka Konsep.......................................................................... 21
Gambar 4.1 Bagan Alur Penelitian.................................................................... 32
Gambar 5.1 Perbandingan Rerata Kadar IL-6 Antar Kelompok Hewan Coba... 35

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman

Lampiran 1 Diagram Alur Penelitian................................................................ 50

Lampiran 2 Alur Pembuatan Pakan Diet Normal............................................. 51
Lampiran 3 Alur Pembuatan Pakan Diet Aterogenik........................................ 52
Lampiran 4 Prosedur Ekstraksi Umbi Rumput Teki......................................... 53
Lampiran 5 Metode Pengukuran Kadar IL-6 dengan Metode ELISA............... 55
Lampiran 6 Penentuan Dosis Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Rumput Teki.................... 56
Lampiran 7 Hasil Pengukuran Kadar IL-6........................................................ 58
Lampiran 8 Hasil Analisis Data Kadar IL-6...................................................... 59
Lampiran 9 Perubahan Berat Badan Tikus...................................................... 62
Lampiran 10 Asupan Makanan Tikus................................................................ 64
Lampiran 11 Dokumentasi Penelitian................................................................ 69
Lampiran 12 Kunci Determinasi Rumput Teki.................................................... 71

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DAFTAR SINGKATAN
Ag

Antigen

BSA

Bovine Serum Albumin

CD-36

Cluster of Differentiation 36

CX3CL1 :

Fractalkine

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

ELISA

Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay

FBS

Fetal Bovine Serum

HSP

Heat Shock Protein

IFN-

Interferon -

IL-1

Interleukin - 1

IL-6

Interleukin - 6

LDL

Low Density Lipoprotein

M-CSF :

Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor

MMPs

Matrix Metalloproteinases

MN

Mononuclear

NO

Nitric Oxide

OxLDL :

Oxidative Low Density Lipoprotein

PBS

Phosphate Buffered Saline

PMN

Polymononuclear

RAL

Rancangan Acak Lengkap

ROS

Reactive Oxygen Species

Sil-6 R :

Soluble Interleukin 6 Receptor

SMC

Smooth Muscle Cell

SR-A

Scavenger Receptor A

STAT-3 :

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3

Th1

T Helper 1

Th17

T Helper 17

TNF-

Tumor Necrosis Factor -

WHO

World Health Association

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