DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................................................

DAFTAR ISI ...............................................................................................................................

ii

DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................................................

iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................................................

DAFTAR GRAFIK .....................................................................................................................

vi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...........................................................................................................

1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................................

1
1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ........................................................................................
2
1.3 Ruang Lingkup ...............................................................................................
2
BAB II KOMPILASI DATA ............................................................................................
4
2.1 Data Kuantitas dan Kualitas Air Limbah Domestik .......................................
4
2.2 Data Kuantitas dan Kualitas Air Limbah Industri...........................................
4
2.3 Data Fluktuasi Debit, BOD dan SS ................................................................
5
2.4 Baku Mutu Air Limbah ..................................................................................
6
BAB III ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK DAN ALTERNATIF INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN
AIR LIMBAH ................................................................................................
3.1 Analisis Karakteristik Air Limbah Domestik dan Industri .............................
3.2 Pengolahan Air Limbah ..................................................................................
3.3 Alternatif Pengolahan .....................................................................................
3.4 Alternatif Terpilih dan Diagram Alir ..............................................................
BAB IV PENGOLAHAN FISIK .....................................................................................
4.1 Saluran Pengumpul .........................................................................................
4.2 Pompa .............................................................................................................
4.3 Saluran Pembawa ...........................................................................................
4.4 Bar Screen.......................................................................................................
4.5 Communitor dan Grit Chamber dengan Proportional Weir............................
4.6 Tangki Ekualisasi ............................................................................................
4.8 Sedimentasi .....................................................................................................
BAB V PENGOLAHAN BIOLOGIS...............................................................................
5.1 Extended Aeration...........................................................................................
5.2 Secondary Clarifier.........................................................................................
5.3 Sludge Thickener ............................................................................................
5.4 Sludge Digester...............................................................................................
5.5 Sludge Drying Bed...........................................................................................
BAB VI PERHITUNGAN HIDROLIS ...........................................................................
6.1 Sumur Pengumpul
6.2 Saluran Pembawa ..
6.3 Bar Screen ..........
6.4 Grit Chamber...
6.5 Tangki Ekualisasi............................................................................................
6.6 Sedimentasi I.....
6.6 Sedimentasi II...... ...
DAFTAR PUSTAKA........................................................................................................
LAMPIRAN......................................................................................................................

8
8
13
20
22
25
25
27
30
32
37
46
56
66
66
73
76
79
83
85
85
85
85
87
88
88
90
91

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Kualitas Air Limbah Domestik ......................................................................

Tabel 2.2. Kualitas Air Limbah Industri Tahu.................................................................

Tabel 2.3. Data Fluktuasi Debit, BOD, dan SS ..............................................................

Tabel 2.4. Baku Mutu Air Limbah Domestik .................................................................

Tabel 3.1

Rekapitulasi Karakteristik Air Limbah Domestik dan Industri .....................

12

Tabel 3.2.1 Kriteria Desain Rak Saringan Manual dan Mekanik......................................

15

Tabel 3.2.2 Kriteria Desain Grit Chamber........................................................................

16

Tabel 3.2.3 Kriteria Desain Bak Ekualisasi.......................................................................

17

Tabel 3.2.4 Kriteria Desain Sedimentasi...........................................................................

18

Tabel 3.3.1 Nilai Removal Unit Pengolahan dari berbagai Unit Operasi dan Proses.......

20

Tabel 3.3.2 Alternatif dan Pemilihan Unit Operasi dan Unit Proses BPAL......................

21

Tabel 4.2. Pemilihan Alternatif Pompa...........................................................................

28

Tabel 4.3

Kriteria Desain Saluran Pembawa .................................................................

30

Tabel 4.4.1 Kriteria Desain Bar Screen..

33

Tabel 4.4.2 Bar Screen Pasaran.........................................................................................

33

Tabel 4.5.1 Communitor Pasaran .....................................................................................

38

Tabel 4.5.2 Kriteria Desain Grit Chamber .......................................................................

40

Tabel 4.5.3 Screening Removal Quantities.......................................................................

40

Tabel 4.5.4 Kecepatan Mengendap Rata-rata (inch/menit) dengan Temperatur 50oC

pada Air Buangan.........................................................................................
Tabel 4.5.5 Nilai

y
a

dan

x
b

41

untuk Proportional Weir .............................................

44

Tabel 4.6.1 Kriteria Desain Tangki Ekualisasi................................................................ .

46

Tabel 4.6.2 Debit Inlet dan Outlet.....................................................................................

47

Tabel 4.6.3 Perhitungan Volume Bak Ekualisasi ..............................................................

48

Tabel 4.6.4 Perhitungan BOD dan TSS Tanpa dan Dengan Ekualisasi.......................... .

50

Tabel 5.1.1 Kriteria Desain Extended Aeration.................................................................

67

Tabel 5.1.2 Kriteria Desain Terpilih Extended Aeration..................................................

68

Tabel 5.2.1 Kriteria Desain Secondary Clarifier...............................................................

73

Tabel 5.2.2 Kriteria Desain Terpilih Secondary Clarifier.................................................

74

Tabel 6.1

90

Muka Air Pada Tiap Unit Pengolahan............................................................

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.4 Alternatif Terpilih Pengolahan Air Limbah ................................................

24

Gambar 4.1 Saluran Pengumpul dan Pembawa..............................................................

25

Gambar 4.2 Kurva Pompa Summersible untuk air kotor................................................

27

Gambar 4.4.1 Skema Bar Screen .....................................................................................

32

Gambar 4.4.2 Bar Screen .................................................................................................

32

Gambar 4.5.1 Communitor................................................................................................

38

Gambar 4.5.2 Skema Grit Chamber Proportional Weir....................................................

39

Gambar 4.5.3 Storage Grit Chamber.................................................................................

43

Gambar 4.5.4 Grit Chamber Proportional Weir................................................................

45

Gambar 4.6.1 Skema Tangki Ekualisasi............................................................................

46

DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik4.6.1. Perbandingan Debit dengan Waktu ..............................................................

48

Grafik 4.6.2. Volume Kumulatif dan Outlet .....................................................................

49

Grafik 4.6.3. Perbandingan BOD Tanpa dan Dengan Ekualisasi .....................................

53

Grafik 4.6.4. Perbandingan TSS Tanpa dan Dengan Ekualisasi ......................................

53

Grafik 4.7

62

Removal terhadap Over Flow Rate..............................................................