DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar
2.1. Sistem Proteksi Jaringan

Halaman
.........................................................................23

2.2. Jaringan Sistem Tenaga Listrik ..................................................................... . 24

2.3. Daerah Penyetelan Distance Relay ....................................................................25
2.4. Blok Diagram Distance Relay............................................................................29
2.5. Karakteristik Impedansi .....................................................................................30
2.6. Karakteristik Mho ..............................................................................................31
2.7. Karakteristik Parsial ...........................................................................................31
2.8. Karakterisitk Reaktance Dengan Strating Mho .................................................32
2.9. Karakteristik Quadrilateral.................................................................................32
3.1. Diagram Alir Penyelesaian Skripsi .....................................................................35
3.2. Gambar Single Line Diagram APP Malang ........................................................37
3.3 Load Flow Pada Pukul 10.00 WIB............................................................. ........40
4.1. Konfigurasi APP Malang ...................................................................................45
4.2. Konfigurasi GI Kebonagung Keadaan Normal..................................................47
4.3. Titik Gangguan GI Kebonagung ........................................................................47
4.4. Record DFR bay Lawang-1 ...............................................................................49
4.5. Parameter Ratting Trafo 1 Kebonagung ............................................................52
4.6. Parameter Info Transmisi Line Kebonagung Lawang .......................................53
4.7. Parameter Nameplate Lump Load Lawang1 ......................................................54

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4.8. Simulasi Loadflow Sebelum Run .......................................................................56

4.9. Simulasi Loadflow Setelah Run .........................................................................56
4.10. Bus B Kebonagung Saat Gangguan ..................................................................61
4.11. Titik Gangguan Yang Terjadi ...........................................................................63
4.12. Konfigurasi Saluran Transmisi Antara GI Kebonagung Dengan GI .......... ..65
4.13. Rangkaian Pengganti Urutan Positif ..............................................................66
4.14. Rangkaian Pengganti Urutan Negatif .............................................................66
4.15. Rangkaian Pengganti Urutan Nol ...................................................................67
4.16. Parameter Power Grid Dalam Etap 7.5 ..........................................................70
4.17. Single line relay distance saluran 150 kV antara GI Kebonagung GI ........74
4.18. Sistem Kerja Distance Relay Di sistem ..........................................................80
4.19. Single Line Dari Simulasi Distance Relay .....................................................80
4.20. Karakteristik R/X plot dari simulasi digsilent 14.1 ........................................81
4.21. Karakteristik R/X plot line Pakis kebonagung ...............................................81
4.22. Event Pada Simulasi Transient .......................................................................84
4.23. Simulasi Transient pada waktu 0,101 ............................................................85
4.24. Simulasi Transient pada waktu 0,201 ............................................................85
4.25. Simulasi Transient pada waktu 0,301 ............................................................86
4.26. Simulasi Transient pada waktu 0,601 ............................................................86
4.27. Skenario Saat Penormalan Gangguan ............................................................88
4.28. Skenario Saat Penormalan Gangguan di ETAP7.5 ........................................88

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DAFTAR TABEL
TABEL

Halaman

3.1.

Parameter Trafo Gardu Induk Kebonagung .............................................. 38

3.2.

Parameter Penghantar ................................................................................ 39

3.3.

Penabelan Load Flow ................................................................................ 40

3.4.

Pembangkit yang terdampak ..................................................................... 41

3.5.

Laporan Gangguan Saat Gangguan. ............................................................ 41

3.6.

Kejadian Saat Penormalan Gangguan. ........................................................ 42

4.1.

Kronologi gangguan bus 150kV GI Kebonagung ..................................... 48

4.2.

Beban lepas pada Gardu Induk.................................................................. 50

4.3.

Parameter Rating pada trafo 1 Kebonagung.............................................. 52

4.4.

Parameter info Transmisi Line .................................................................. 53

4.5.

Parameter Lump Load Lawang 1 .............................................................. 54

4.6.

Hasil Simulasi Loadflow ETAP 7.5 ......................................................... 55

4.7.

Pengukuran Loadflow pukul 10.00 WIB ................................................... 57

4.8.

Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi Load Flow .................................................. 58

4.9.

Waktu Saat Terjadi Gangguan .................................................................. 59

4.10. Hasil Simulasi Saat Terjadi Gangguan ........................................................ 60

4.11. Hasil Loadflow Setelah terjadi Gangguan ................................................... 61
4.12. Impedansi Sumber GI Kebonagung BUS 150kV........................................ 64
4.13. Tabel Impedansi Saluran (ohm/km) dan (pu) Line Lawang ....................... 65
4.14. .. Impedansi Urutan Gangguan GI Kebonagung Lawang ......................... 67

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4.15. .. Hasil Perhitungan Arus Hubung Singkat .................................................. 69

4.16. Hasil Rekapitulasi Data Simulasi Titik Gangguan ................................... 71
4.17. Perbandingan Nilai Dari Simulasi Dan Hitungan ..................................... 71
4.18. Rating Peralatan Terpasang ...................................................................... 72
4.19. Hasil Simulasi Dan Pembacaan DFR ....................................................... 72
4.20. Perbandingan Waktu Backup dan Main Relay.......................................... 73
4.21. Waktu kerja relay distance ....................................................................... 82
4.22. Skenario Gangguan Pada Kenyataan ........................................................ 83
4.23. Arus Hubung Singkat Dalam Simulasi Dan Data Setting ........................ 87
4.24. Agenda Penormalan Dalam Simulasi ....................................................... 88
4.25. Hasil Loadflow Saat penormalan .............................................................. 89

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