13/352885/PTK/8932
13/357039/PTK/9250
gas tak
berwarna pada temperatur kamar dan tekanan atmosfer yang secara komersial dibuat
dari reaksi antara etilen dan gas klorin.
C2H4Cl2
120 0C; 10,5 atm
CuCl2
C2H4 + 2HCl +
/2 O2
C2H4Cl2
+ panas
C2H3Cl
HCl
9 atm
Salah satu
adalah flash drum. Flash drum digunakan karena zat yang diinginkan memiliki
perbedaan titik didih (boiling point) yang sangat jauh dari zat yang lain. Perpindahan
terjadi saat campuran mencapai kesetimbangan, zat dengan komposisi fasa cair yang
lebih banyak akan berada pada bagian bottom sedangkan zat dengan komposisi fasa uap
yang lebih banyak akan berada bagian atas (menguap).
Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) dari unit Flash Drum pada proses produksi Vinyl Chloride
Guide
word
Element
Deviation
Possible
Causes
No feed in
storage
Consequences
Loss of feed to
separate and reduced
output
Safeguards
Comments
Periodical technique
Assumed
check of storage,
technicians always
check storage
periodically
Action Required
Action Assigned to
Operator and
Alarm (LLA) on
instrument
Level Indicator
techinicians
a. Install Flow
Control Alarm
FCV (Flow
Control
Valve)
1.
No
Flowrate
No flowrate
blockage
Periodical
(FCA) on Flow
Loss of feed to
maintenance of the
Control Valve
Operator and
instrument
output
(FCV)
b. Install Low
(LC)
Level Alarm
techinicians
(LLA) on Level
Indicator
a. Install Low
Periodical
Pipe
fracture
Loss of feed to
maintenance of the
output
Assumed
technicians always
maintain pipe
periodically
Level Alarm
(LLA) on Level
Operator and
Indicator
b. Regular
instrument
inspection of
pipeline
techinicians
a. Install Flow
Control Alarm
a. Flash drum
FCV (Flow
Flowrate
More flowrate
Control
Valve)
failure
2.
More
Temperature
High
temperature
Heat
Exchanger
(HE) failure
FCV (Flow
Pressure
High pressure
Control
Valve)
closed
3.
Less
Flowrate
Less flowrate
(FCA) on Flow
overflow
b. Incomplete
Control Valve
(FCV)
b. Install High
separation process
c. Bad quality of
Level Alarm
produced liquid
Indicator
Install High
Operator
(HLA) on Level
Temperature
Indicator and
Temperature Control
quantity of product
(TC)
Temperature
Alarm (HTA) on
Operator
Temperature
Indicator
a. Install High
Pressure Alarm
Pressure Indicator
(HPA) on Pressure
explotion
(TC)
Indicator
b. Install Pressure
Operator
Relieve Valve
Pipe
a. Incomplete
leaking
separation process
Assumed
(PRV)
a. Install Low
Operator and
technicians always
Level Alarm
instrument
maintain pipe
(LLA) on Level
techinicians
Indicator
periodically
c. Bad quality of
inspection of
produced liquid
Temperature
Low
temperature
Heat
Exchanger
(HE) failure
b. Regular
Temperature
Adversely affect the
Indicator and
separation process
Temperature Control
(TC)
pipeline
Install Low
Temperature
Alarm (LTA) on
Temperature
Indicator
Operator