Prakata

LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM
GEOMORFOLOGI
Disusun oleh:
Ahmad Abi Zala Jaelani
NIM: 141.10.1109
LABORATORIUM GEOLOGI DINAMIK

JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI
FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI MINERAL
INSTITUT SAINS & TEKNOLOGI AKPRIND YOGYAKARTA
2015
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan akademik tingkat sarjana pada Jurusan
Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknologi Mineral, Institut Sains & Teknologi
AKPRIND Yogyakarta.
Disahkan di
: Yogyakarta
Pada tanggal : 18 Mei 2015

Penulis,
Ahmad Abi Zala Jaelani

NIM. 141.10.1109
Menyetujui,
Wisnu Saputra Aji
101.10.1043
Yoni Setiawan
101.10.1021
Hayu Hanan Prawardana
101.10.1028
L. Abdul Malik Mardani
101.10.1019
Dedi Indra Darmawan
101.10.1056
Narty Anggraeni
111.10.1096
Rista Swasti
111.10.1077
Mozes Fredrik Lumban Tobing
111.10.1095
(.)
(.)
(.)
(.)
(.)
(.)
(.)
Mengetahui,
Kepala Laboratorium Sumberdaya Mineral
Fivry Wellda Maulana., S.T., M.T.

NIK. 12.0182.684. E
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN
(.)
Laporan resmi Geomorfologi ini saya persembahkan untuk:

1. Yang pertama untuk kedua orang tua saya yang telah memberikan saya
semangat untuk tidak pantang menyerah dalam menghadapi suatu apapun dan
terima kasih telah memberikan motivasi hidup kepada saya dan saya juga
sangat berterima kasih karena telah memberikan fasilitas sampai saya bisa
duduk di bangku kuliah seperti sekarang ini.
2. Yang kedua saya ucapkan terima kasih banyak kepada asisten dosen
Geomorfologi yang sudah memberikan bimbingan mata kuliah Geomorfologi
dengan baik sampai akhir praktikum.
3. Yang ketiga untuk teman-teman jurusan Teknik Geologi IST Akprind
angkatan 2014 yang sudah menjadi teman yang kompak, semangat, solid, dan
tidak pantang menyerah. Semoga kita bisa kompak sampai kita lulus sampai
kita mempunyai keluarga sendiri-sendiri..... amiin.
PRAKATA
Alhamdulillahirobbilalamin puji syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah

SWT yang telah memberikan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga saya dapat
menyelesaikan praktikum dan laporan praktikum Geomorfologi ini dengan lancar
dan dengan waktu yang tepat.
Sudah sepantasnya saya ucapkan terima kasih banyak kepada Bapak Ir.
Soetoto, SU. selaku dosen mata kuliah Geomorfologi yang sudah memberikan
bimbingan materi Geomorfologi dan tak lupa juga saya ucapkan banyak terima
kasih kepada para asisten dosen Geomorfologi yang telah membimbing saya dan
teman-teman seperjuangan sampai akhir praktikum dengan baik dengan maksimal
walaupun juga sering ada kendala namun itu bukan suatu halangan.
Laporan praktikum Geomorfologi ini merupakan hasil kerja selama
praktikum di laboratorium dan di lapangan, meskipun masih ada beberapa
kekurangan didalamnya, karena saya menyadari bahwa pengalaman saya masih
terbatas adanya dan laporan ini masih bisa dikatakan jauh dari kata sempurna,
maka dari itu kritik dan saran yang membangun saya harapkan.
Yogyakarta, 18 Mei 2015
Penyusun
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL.......................................................................................i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN........................................................................ii
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN.....................................................................iii
PRAKATA.......................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................v
DAFTAR GAMBAR.......................................................................................vii
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN...............................................................................1
1.1.....................................................................................................................
Maksud dan Tujuan.....................................................................................1
1.2.....................................................................................................................
Metode Penulisan........................................................................................1
1.3.....................................................................................................................
asar Teori.....................................................................................................1
1.4.....................................................................................................................
onsep Dasar Geomorfologi.........................................................................2

1.5.....................................................................................................................
roses Geomorfologi....................................................................................3
1.6.....................................................................................................................
ola Aliran....................................................................................................12
BAB II BENTANG ALAM.............................................................................17
2.1.
Bentang Alam Vulkanik........................................................................17
2.1.1. Bentuklahan Vulkanik..........................................................................21

2.2.
Bentang Alam Denudasional................................................................23
2.2.1. Bentuklahan Denudasional..................................................................23

2.3.
Bentang Alam Struktural......................................................................27
2.3.1. Bentuklahan Struktural........................................................................27

2.4.
Bentang Alam Fluvial...........................................................................29
2.4.1. Bentuklahan Fluvial.............................................................................32

2.5.
Bentang Alam Eolian............................................................................35
2.5.1. Bentuklahan Eolian..............................................................................36

2.6.
Bentang Alam Karst..............................................................................37
2.6.1. Bentuklahan Karst...............................................................................38
2.7.
Bentang Alam Glasial atau Gletser.......................................................40
2.7.1. Bentuklahan Glasial atau Gletser.........................................................41

2.8.
Bentang Alam Marine...........................................................................43
2.8.1. Bentuklahan Marine.............................................................................45

BAB III PETA.................................................................................................47
3.1.
Jenis-jenis Peta.......................................................................................47
3.2.
Interpretasi Peta Topografi.....................................................................51
BAB IV PENAMPANG..................................................................................52
BAB V KEMIRINGAN LERENG................................................................54
BAB VI LAPANGAN.....................................................................................57
6.1.
Geomorfologi Regional.........................................................................57
6.2.
Geomorfologi Daerah Penelitian...........................................................59
6.3.
Pola Pengaliran Daerah Penelitian.........................................................61
BAB VII KESIMPULAN...............................................................................63

DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................64
LAMPIRAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
Deskripsi Lapangan
Peta Lintasan
Peta Geomorfologi
Peta Kelerengan
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1. Jenis-jenis pelapukan......................................................................4
Sumber: sintiadewi/2015
Gambar 2. Contoh pelapukan mekanis.............................................................5

Gambar 3. Contoh pelapukan kimiawi.............................................................5

Gambar 4. Contoh pelapukan organisme..........................................................6

Gambar 5. Erosi alur.........................................................................................7

Sumber: faiq_imron/2015
Gambar 6. Erosi berlembar...............................................................................8

Gambar 7. Erosi drainase..................................................................................8

Gambar 8. Erosi saluran...................................................................................9

Gambar 9. Erosi lembah...................................................................................9

Gambar 10. Contoh mass wasting / gerakan massa..........................................10

Gambar 11. Sontoh beberapa sedimentasi........................................................10

Sumber: penulis/2015
Gambar 12. Pola aliran dendritik......................................................................13

Sumber: lu-nu.blogspot.com/2014
Gambar 13. Pola aliran rectangular..................................................................13

Sumber: mataratu22.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 14. Pola aliran paralel.........................................................................14

Sumber: www.klikgeografi.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 15. Pola aliran trellis...........................................................................14

Sumber: dwiegalihbuntal.blogspot.com/2014
Gambar 16. Pola aliran radial sentrifugal.........................................................15

Sumber: lu-nu.blogspot.com/2014
Gambar 17. Pola aliran radial sentripetal.........................................................15

Sumber: andimanwno.wordpress.com/2015
Gambar 18. Pola aliran annular........................................................................15

Sumber: mataratu22.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 19. Pola aliran pinnate........................................................................16

Sumber: polaaliransungai.blogspot.com/2012
Gambar 20. Pola aliran multibasinal................................................................16

Sumber: www.genborneo.com/2013
Gambar 21. Gunung api tipe hawaii.................................................................18

Sumber: geoenviron.blogspot.com/2012
Gambar 22. Tipe gunung stromboli..................................................................18
Sumber: dnobel.blogspot.com/2012
Gambar 23. Gunung api tipe vulkano...............................................................19

Sumber: goestiqball.com/2012
Gambar 24. Tipe gunung merapi......................................................................19

Gambar 25. Tipe pelee......................................................................................20

Sumber: bdewanti12.blogspot.com
Gambar 26. Tipe saint vincent..........................................................................20

Sumber: redblacksquad.wordpress.com/2012)
Gambar 27. Tipe perret atau tipe plinian..........................................................21

Sumber: geoenviron.blogspot.com/2012
Gambar 28. Kepundan.....................................................................................21

Sumber: simplenews05.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 29. Kerucut, lereng, kaki, dataran kaki gunung api............................22

Sumber: geo.ugm.ac.id/wpcontent/uploads/2014/02/kerajaan%20merapi.pdf)
Gambar 30. Pegunungan denudasional yang terkikis.......................................24

Sumber: www.australia.com/2013
Gambar 31. perbukitan denudasional yang terkikis.........................................24

Sumber : www.geoenviron.blogspot.com/2012
Gambar 32. Bukit sisa.......................................................................................25

Gambar 33. dataran nyaris................................................................................25

Gambar 34. kaki lereng ....................................................................................26

Gambar 35. Lahan rusak...................................................................................26

Sumber: movtif.blogspot.com/2014
Gambar 36. Pegunungan blok sesar..................................................................27

Sumber: darkwing.uoregon.edu/2014
Gambar 37. Gawir sesar...................................................................................28

Gambar 38. Lembah antiklinal.........................................................................29

Gambar 39. hogback cuesta..............................................................................29

Sumber: earthlearningidea.blogspot.com/2014
Gambar 40. Stadia awal....................................................................................30

Gambar 41. Stadia muda...................................................................................30

Sumber: http://geograph88.blogspot.com/2013/06/tahap- perkembangan-sungai.
Gambar 42. Stadia dewasa................................................................................30

Sumber: http://geograph88.blogspot.com/2013/06/
Gambar 43. Stadia tua.......................................................................................31

Sumber: http://geograph88.blogspot.com/2013/06
Gambar 44. Stadia rejuvinasi............................................................................31

Gambar 45. dataran alluvial..............................................................................33

Sumber : http://pengetahuangeologi.blogspot.com/2013/02/
Gambar 46. Rawa.............................................................................................33
Sumber: http://pencariilmu-goresantinta.blogspot.com/2010/06/
Gambar 47. Dataran banjir...............................................................................33

Sumber: http://pengetahuangeologi.blogspot.com/2013/02/
Gambar 48. kipas alluvial.................................................................................34

Sumber : http://pengetahuangeologi.blogspot.com/2013/02/
Gambar 49. Delta..............................................................................................3

Sumber: www.kpbs.org/2015
Gambar 50. Gumuk pasir..................................................................................36

Gambar 51. Barchan.........................................................................................37

Sumber: www.schweich.com/2013
Gambar 52. Dataran karst.................................................................................39

Sumber: aditgeoholic.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 53. Kubah karst...................................................................................39

Sumber: geo.fis.unesa.ac.id/2013
Gambar 54. perbukitan karst.............................................................................39

Sumber: toba-geoscience.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 55. uvala dan polye.............................................................................40

Gambar 56. stalagtit dan doline........................................................................40

Gambar 57. valley glacier.................................................................................41

Gambar 58. Ice Sheet........................................................................................42

Sumber: polarfield.com/2012
Gambar 59. Ice cup...........................................................................................42

Gambar 60. ice berg..........................................................................................42

Gambar 61. bentang alam marine.....................................................................43

Gambar 62. Laguna..........................................................................................45

Sumber: www.lagunaphuketweddings.com/2012
Gambar 63. Pantai berbatu...............................................................................46

Sumber: www.pixoto.com/2012
Gambar 64. Kontur pada Peta...........................................................................48

Sumber: endrosambodo1984.wordpress.com
Gambar 65. Membuat penampang geomorfologi.............................................53

Sumber: gajahmada2medan.blogspot.com/2013
Gambar 66. Geomorfologi Regional dareah Bantul...................................................58
Sumber: dewiultralight08.wordpress.com/2012
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1. klasifikasi kemiringan lereng menurut van zuidam (1985)................55
Sumber : http://geofact.blogspot.com/2011/01/van-zuidam.html
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LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM

LABORATORIUM GEOLOGI DINAMIK

Pada tanggal : 18 Mei 2015

Ahmad Abi Zala Jaelani

Hayu Hanan Prawardana

L. Abdul Malik Mardani

Dedi Indra Darmawan

Mozes Fredrik Lumban Tobing

Fivry Wellda Maulana., S.T., M.T.

Laporan resmi Geomorfologi ini saya persembahkan untuk:

Alhamdulillahirobbilalamin puji syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah

Yogyakarta, 18 Mei 2015

onsep Dasar Geomorfologi.........................................................................2

Bentang Alam Vulkanik........................................................................17

2.1.1. Bentuklahan Vulkanik..........................................................................21

Bentang Alam Denudasional................................................................23

2.2.1. Bentuklahan Denudasional..................................................................23

Bentang Alam Struktural......................................................................27

2.3.1. Bentuklahan Struktural........................................................................27

Bentang Alam Fluvial...........................................................................29

2.4.1. Bentuklahan Fluvial.............................................................................32

Bentang Alam Eolian............................................................................35

2.5.1. Bentuklahan Eolian..............................................................................36

Bentang Alam Karst..............................................................................37

2.6.1. Bentuklahan Karst...............................................................................38

Bentang Alam Glasial atau Gletser.......................................................40

2.7.1. Bentuklahan Glasial atau Gletser.........................................................41

Bentang Alam Marine...........................................................................43

2.8.1. Bentuklahan Marine.............................................................................45

Interpretasi Peta Topografi.....................................................................51

Geomorfologi Daerah Penelitian...........................................................59

Pola Pengaliran Daerah Penelitian.........................................................61

BAB VII KESIMPULAN...............................................................................63

Gambar 2. Contoh pelapukan mekanis.............................................................5

Gambar 3. Contoh pelapukan kimiawi.............................................................5

Gambar 4. Contoh pelapukan organisme..........................................................6

Gambar 5. Erosi alur.........................................................................................7

Gambar 6. Erosi berlembar...............................................................................8

Gambar 7. Erosi drainase..................................................................................8

Gambar 8. Erosi saluran...................................................................................9

Gambar 9. Erosi lembah...................................................................................9

Gambar 10. Contoh mass wasting / gerakan massa..........................................10

Gambar 11. Sontoh beberapa sedimentasi........................................................10

Gambar 12. Pola aliran dendritik......................................................................13

Gambar 13. Pola aliran rectangular..................................................................13

Gambar 14. Pola aliran paralel.........................................................................14

Gambar 15. Pola aliran trellis...........................................................................14

Gambar 16. Pola aliran radial sentrifugal.........................................................15

Gambar 17. Pola aliran radial sentripetal.........................................................15

Gambar 18. Pola aliran annular........................................................................15

Gambar 19. Pola aliran pinnate........................................................................16

Gambar 20. Pola aliran multibasinal................................................................16

Gambar 21. Gunung api tipe hawaii.................................................................18

Gambar 22. Tipe gunung stromboli..................................................................18

Gambar 23. Gunung api tipe vulkano...............................................................19

Gambar 24. Tipe gunung merapi......................................................................19

Gambar 25. Tipe pelee......................................................................................20

Gambar 26. Tipe saint vincent..........................................................................20

Gambar 27. Tipe perret atau tipe plinian..........................................................21

Gambar 28. Kepundan.....................................................................................21

Gambar 29. Kerucut, lereng, kaki, dataran kaki gunung api............................22

Gambar 30. Pegunungan denudasional yang terkikis.......................................24

Gambar 31. perbukitan denudasional yang terkikis.........................................24