MODEL ANTRIAN

Problem : adanya perbedaan antara jumlah (#) permintaan layanan dengan kapasitas
server
Jumlah permintaan lebih besar server antrian lama dan panjang pelanggan
pindah
Penambahan server penambahan biaya
Model antrian tidak menjawab secara langsung hanya memberi informasi untuk
pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan.
Informasi yang dapat diperoleh :
Persentase waktu idle
Jumlah rata-rata pelanggan yang antri pada setiap saat
Rata-rata waktu tunggu dalam antrian
Sebaran distribusi # pelanggan dalam antrian
Sebaran distribusi waktu yang dihabiskan pelanggan dalam antrian
Komponen-komponen suatu sistem antrian
Customer

Server

Proses kedatangan

Proses pelayanan
Sumber input
Aturan dalam antrian (queue
discipline)

Sistem Antrian
Populasi
awal

Customer

Mekanisme
Pelayanan

Antrian

keluar

Notasi antrian : 1/2/3/4/5/6

1 : Proses kedatangan (M, D, Ek, G) 4 : queue discipline : FCFS, LCFS, RSS, GD
2 : Proses Pelayanan (M, D, Ek, G)
5 : maksimum banyaknya customer di sistem
3 : banyaknya server parallel
6 : ukuran populasi dari mana customer berasal
M markovian (dist eksponensial)
D deterministik
Ek dist Erlang
G General (selain eksponensial)
FCFS first come first service = FIFO (first in first out) antrian loket pembelian karcis
LCFS last come first service = LIFO (last in first out)
RSS random service selection
Example :
1) M/M/5/FCFS/50/
2) M/M/1
3) M/M/s untuk s>1

4)
5)
6)

M/M/1/N M/M/1/4
M/M/s/N untuk s>1
G/G/1

Rumus-rumus Model antrian M/M/1 : rate kedatangan dan : rate pelayanan

Peluang banyaknya customer di sistem Po = 1- =1- (/) dan Pn = n (1-)

1

Peluang banyaknya customer di antrian qo = 1- 2 dan qn = n+1 (1-)

Rata-rata banyaknya customer L = /(1-) (di sistem) dan Lq = 2/(1-) (di
antrian)

Rata-rata waktu tunggu W = 1/(-) (di sistem) dan Wq = /((-)) (di antrian)
Example 1:
Secara rata-rata 10 mobil datang setiap jam untuk server tunggal berupa drive-in teller.
Rata-rata waktu pelayanan adalah 4 menit. Waktu kedatangan dan waktu pelayanan
keduanya memiliki distribusi eksponesial.
1. Berapa peluang teller idle ?
2. Berapa rata-rata # customer pada antrian?
3. Berapa rata-rata waktu di dalam antrian?
4. Secara rata-rata, berapa # customer di system?
Jawab : M/M/1, =10 mobil/jam dan = 60/4 = 15 mobil/jam
1. Po = 1/3
2. Lq = 4/3
3. Wq = 8 menit
4. L = 2

Example 2:
Rata-rata seorang pasien tiba dalam selang waktu jam dan rata-rata waktu yang
diperlukan dokter untuk memeriksa seorang pasien = 20 menit. Jika unit waktu adalah
jam maka hitunglah :
1. Rata-rata waktu antar kedatangan = 1/
2. Rata-rata waktu pelayanan = 1/
3. Rata-rata pasien yang datang =
4. Rata-rata pasien yang selesai diperiksa =
Jawab : M/M/1, = 2 orang/jam dan = 3 orang/jam
JENIS-JENIS ANTRIAN
1. Antrian tunggal dengan satu server loket
2. Antrian tunggal dengan beberapa server (paralel)
Server identik server berupa mesin
Server non-identik bank

3. Antrian tunggal dengan server seri surat-surat

1

4. Antrian ganda supermarket

SIMULASI dengan AWESIM

1. Node CREATE

2. Node ACTIVITY sebagai penghubung atau server

3. Node QUEUE

4. Node TERMINATE

SIMULASI ANTRIAN dengan AWESIM

1. Antrian tunggal dengan 1 server

Reading control ANTRI11 ...

1 GEN,"eto","antri1_1",
3-12-2003,50,YES,YES;
2 LIMITS,,,,,,,400;
3 NETWORK,READ;
4 FIN;

Reading network file ANTRI1_1.MNT ...

1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(3);
2
ACTIVITY;
3 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE;
4
ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4), , ,1,"server1";
5 selesai: TERMINATE,100;
6
END;

** FILE STATISTICS **
File Number
Where Created
1 QUEUE
ANTRI
File

Number

Average Length
16.5879162

Maximum Average Length

35.1670416

Standard Deviation
8.0198691
Average Wait Time
48.0491364

** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **

Activity
Label
Server
Average
Number
Capacity
Utilization
1 server1
1
0.9721436

Standard
Deviation
0.0374964

Average
Blockage
0.0000000

** AweSim! MULTIPLE RUN SUMMARY REPORT **

** FILE STATISTICS **
File
Number
1 QUEUE
Activity
Number
1

Where
Created
ANTRI

Average
Length
1.2191018

standard
Deviation
0.8363926

File
Number

1
** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **
Label
Server
Average
Capacity
Utilization
1
0.6580955
Server 1

Maximum
Average
Length
4.9688312
Activity
Number
1

Average
Wait Time
3.5853552
Standard
Deviation
0.0868101

Average
Blockage
0.0000000

2. Antrian tunggal dengan 3 server identik

Reading network file ANTRI1_3.MNT ...

1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(3);
2
ACTIVITY;
3 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE;
4
ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4), , ,3,"server1";
5 selesai: TERMINATE,100;
6
END;
5

** FILE STATISTICS **
File
Number
1 QUEUE
Activity
Number
1

Where
Created
ANTRI

Average
Length
0.1175473

standard
Deviation
0.1040447

File
Number

1
** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **
Label
Server
Average
Capacity
Utilization
3
1.2889142
Server 1

Maximum
Average
Length
0.4593855
Activity
Number
1

Average
Wait Time
0.3506529
Standard
Deviation
0.1805306

Average
Blockage
0.0000000

3. Antrian tunggal dengan 3 server non identik

Reading network file ANT1_3NI.MNT ...

1 #line 0 ANT1_3NI.NET
1 #line 0 ANT1_3NI.NET
1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(3);
2
ACTIVITY;
3 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE,{pilih};
4 pilih: SELECT,RANDOM,RANDOM,NONE,{antri};
5
ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4),prob(1/3), ,1,"server1";
6
ACTIVITY,2,EXPON(5),prob(1/3),"selesai2",1,"server2";
7
ACTIVITY,3,EXPON(6),prob(1/3),"selesai3",1,"server3";
8 selesai: TERMINATE,100;
9 selesai2: TERMINATE,100;
10 selesai3: TERMINATE,100;
11
END;
** FILE STATISTICS **
File
Where
Average
Standard
File
Maximum
Average
Number Created
Length
Deviation
Number
Average
Wait Time
1 QUEUE ANTRI
0.3587746 0.2131394
Length
1
1.1387428
1.0644167
** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **
Activity
Label
Server
Number
Capacity
1 server1
1
2 server2
1
3 server3
1

Average
Utilization
0.5017950
0.5334371
0.5723760

ANTRIAN GANDA
1. ANTRIAN TUNGGAL DENGAN 1 SERVER

Reading network file ANTG_1.MNT ...

1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(2);
2
ACTIVITY;
3 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE;

4
ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4), , ,1,"server1";
5 selesai: TERMINATE,100;
6
END;

** AweSim! MULTIPLE RUN SUMMARY REPORT **

** FILE STATISTICS **
File
Number
1 QUEUE

Where
Average
Created Length
ANTRI
53.9313330

Standard
Deviation
13.9328900

File
Number
1

Maximum
Average
Length
90.7033304

Average
Wait Time
104.0707066

** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **

Activity
Number
1

Label

Server
Capacity
server1
1

Average
Utilization
0.9940099

Activity
Number
1

Standard
Deviation
0.0097114

Average
Blockage
0.0000000

2. ANTRIAN GANDA DENGAN 2 SERVER

Reading control ANTG_2 ...

1 GEN,"eto","antrian ganda dg 2 server",7-12-2003,50,YES,YES;
2 LIMITS,,,,,,,400;
3 NETWORK,READ;
4 FIN;
Reading network file ANTG_2.MNT ...
1 #line 0 ANTG_2.NET
5 ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4), , ,1,"server1";
1 #line 0 ANTG_2.NET
6 selesai: TERMINATE,100;
1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(2);
7 antri2: QUEUE,2, , ,NONE;
2
ACTIVITY, , ,prob(1/2);
8
ACTIVITY,2,EXPON(5), , ,1;
3
ACTIVITY, , ,prob(1/2),"antri2";
9 selesai2: TERMINATE,100;
4 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE;
10
END;
** AweSim! MULTIPLE RUN SUMMARY REPORT **

** FILE STATISTICS **

File
Number
1 QUEUE
2 QUEUE

Where
Average
Created Length
ANTRI
6.7367406
antri2 11.7187198

Standard
Deviation
4.4477990
5.6073766

File
Number
1
2

Maximum
Average
Length
21.2076715
25.6581466

Average
Wait Time
25.7724230
45.7029554

** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **

7

Activity
Number
1

Label

Server
Capacity
server1
1
server2
1

Average
Utilization
0.9089034
0.9620344

Activity
Number
1
2

Standard
Deviation
0.0745511
0.0415885

Average
Blockage
0.0000000
0.0000000

NUMBER OF STREAM
DISTRIBUSI EXPONENSIAL EXPON(XMN,IS)
IS nb of stream terkait dengan nilai awal / seed
Di dalam Awesim IS ini nilainya 1, 2, ,100
DISTRIBUSI TANPA IS EXPON(3)

KEMUNGKINAN UNTUK KOMPUTER YANG BERBEDA DAPAT

MENGHASILKAN NILAI YANG BERBEDA

JIKA DI-RUN BERULANG-ULANG AKAN MENGHASILKAN NILAI YANG

SAMA
DISTRIBUSI DENGAN IS EXPON(3,5)
AKAN MENGHASILKAN NILAI YANG SAMA UNTUK KOMPUTER YANG
BERBEDA
JIKA DI-RUN BERULANG-ULANG AKAN MENGHASILKAN NILAI YANG SAMA
PENGHENTIAN PROSES
1. COUNT PROSES AKAN DIHENTIKAN JIKA N ENTITY/CUSTOMER
TELAH DILAYANI BIOSKOP (250 KURSI)

2.

TIME PROSES AKAN DIHENTIKAN JIKA WAKTU YANG DISEDIAKAN

TELAH HABIS BANK (08.00 15.00),

Reading control ANTRI1 ...

1 GEN,"???","antri1",11-12-2007,5,YES,YES;
2 LIMITS;
3 INITIALIZE,0.0,300,YES; TIME
4 NETWORK,READ;
5 FIN;

3. ANTRIAN GANDA DENGAN 3 SERVER

3
Reading control ANTG_3 ...
1 GEN,"eto","antrian ganda dg 3 serever",7-12-2003,50,YES,YES;
2 LIMITS,,,,,,,300;
3 NETWORK,READ;
4 FIN;
Reading network file ANTG_3.MNT ...
1 #line 0 ANTG_3.NET
7 selesai: TERMINATE,95;
1 #line 0 ANTG_3.NET
8 antri2: QUEUE,2, , ,NONE;
1 masukan: CREATE,EXPON(2);
9 ACTIVITY,2,EXPON(5), , ,1;
2 ACTIVITY, , ,prob(1/3);
10 selesai2: TERMINATE,95;
3 ACTIVITY, , ,prob(1/3),"antri2";
11 antri3: QUEUE,3, , ,NONE;
4 ACTIVITY, , ,prob(1/3),"antri3";
12 ACTIVITY,2,EXPON(6), , ,1;
5 antri: QUEUE,1, , ,NONE;
13 selesai3: TERMINATE,95;
6 ACTIVITY,1,EXPON(4), , ,1,"server1";
14
END;
** AweSim! MULTIPLE RUN SUMMARY REPORT **
** FILE STATISTICS **
File
Where
Average
Standard
Number
Created
Length
Deviation
1 QUEUE
ANTRI
1.1112429
0.7487553
2 QUEUE
antri2
3.8300705
3.8398265
3 QUEUE
antri3
5.5057130
3.5070026
File
Maximum
Average
Number
Average
Wait Time
Length
1
4.7195844
6.5863122
2
19.3974179
21.5491303
3
15.9715504
32.2244892
** SERVICE ACTIVITY STATISTICS **
Activity
Label
Server
Average
Number
Capacity
Utilization
1 server1
1
0.6440968
2 ANTG_3.NET:9
1
0.8009910
2 ANTG_3.NET:12
1
0.8972642