Nama-Nama kelompok yang mengerjakan dengan metode

Runge-kutta :

1. Evita Latumaerisa (2014-79-006)

2. Jona Tomasoa (2014-79-001)
3. Meyriska Batawi (2014-79-036)
4.

Soal Metode Runge-Kutta

Dengan menggunakan metode Runge-kutta selesaikanlah masalah awal berikut :
y = t+y

1
pada selang [0,2] dengan syarat awal y(0)=0. Untuk h = 4 .

Solusi eksak : e t -t-1

Penyelesaian
Diketahui :

1
h= 4 ; a=0 ; b=2 ; t0 = 0 ; y0 = 0

ba 1 20

h= M 4 = M M=8

k = 0,1,2, . . . ,7

Untuk k = 0
t(0) = 0 ; y(0) = 0
f1 = f(t0,y0)
= f(0,0)
=0+0
=0

h h
f2 = f(t0+ 2 ,y0+ 2 *f1)
 1 1
= f(0+ 4 , 0+ 4 *0)
2 2
= f(1/8 , 0)
= 1/8 + 0
= 1/8
= 0,125

h h
f3 = f(t0+ 2 ,y0+ 2 *f2)

1 1
= f(0+ 4 , 0+ 4 *0,125)
2 2
= f(1/8 , 0,01562)
= 1/8 + 0,01562
= 0,14062

h h
f4 = f(t0+ 2 ,y0+ 2 *f3)

1 1
= f(0+ 4 , 0+ 4 *0,14062)

= f(1/4 , 0,03516)
= 1/4 + 0,03516
= 0,28516

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y1 = y0 + 6
1 /4(0+20,125+ 20,14062+0,28516)
=0+ 6

= 0,03402

Untuk k = 1
t(1) = 0,25 ; y(1) = 0,03402
f1 = f(t1,y1)
= f(0,25 ; 0,03402)
=0,25 + 0,03402
= 0,28402

h h
f2 = f(t1+ 2 ,y1+ 2 *f1)
= f(0,25+0,125 ; 0,03402+ 0,125 *0,28402)
= f(0,375 ; 0,06952)
= 0,375 + 0,06952
= 0,44452
 h h
f3 = f(t1+ 2 ,y1+ 2 *f2)

= f(0,25+0,125 ; 0,03402+ 0,125 *0,44452)

= f(0,375 ; 0,08958)
= 0,375 + 0,08958
= 0,46458

f4 = f(t1+h,y1+h*f3)
= f(0,25 + 0,25 ; 0,03402 + 0,25 * 0,46458)
= f(0,5 ; 0,15016)
= 0,5 + 0,15016
= 0,65016

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y2 = y1 + 6
1 /4( 0,28402+20,44452+20,46458+0,65016)
= 0,03402 + 6

= 0,14870
Untuk k = 2
t(2) = 0,25+0,25 = 0,5 ; y(2) = 0,14870
f1 = f(t2,y2)
= f(0,5 ; 0,14870)
= 0,5 + 0,14870
= 0,64870

h h
f2 = f(t2+ 2 ,y2+ 2 *f1)
= f(0,5+0,125 ; 0,14870+ 0,125 *0,64870)
= f(0,625 , 0,14870+0,08108)
= 0,625 + 0,22978
= 0,85478

h h
f3 = f(t2+ 2 ,y2+ 2 *f2)

= f(0,5+0,125 ; 0,14870+ 0,125 *0,85478)

= f(0,625 ; 0,14870 + 0,22014)
= f(0,625 ; 0,25554)
= 0,625 + 0,25554
= 0,88054

f4 = f(t2+h ,y2+h*f3)
= f(0,5+0,25 ; 0,14870+ 0,25 *0,88054)
= f(0,75 ; 0,14870 + 0,22014)
= f(0,75 ; 0,36884)
= 0,75 + 0,36884
 = 1,11884

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y3 = y2 + 6
1 /4( 0,64870+ 20,85478+20,88054+ 1,11884)
= 0,14870 + 6

= 0,36696
Untuk k = 3
t(3) = 0,5 + 0,25 = 0,75 ; y(3) = 0,36696

f1 = f(t3,y3)
= f(0,75 ; 0,36696)
= 0,75 + 0,36696
= 1,11696

h h
f2 = f(t3+ 2 ,y3+ 2 *f1)
= f(0,75+0,125 ; 0,36696+ 0,125 *1,11696)
= f(0,875 ; 0,36696 + 0,13962)
= f(0,875 ; 0,50658)
= 0,875 + 0,50658
= 1,38158

h h
f3 = f(t3+ 2 ,y3+ 2 *f2)
= f(0,75+0,125 ; 0,36696+ 0,125 * 1,38158)
= f(0,875 ; 0,36696 + 0,17240)
= f(0,875 ; 0,53966)
= 0,875 + 0,53966
= 1,41466

f4 = f(t3+h ,y3+h*f3)
= f(0,75 + 0,25 ; 0,36696 + 0,25 *1,41466)
= f(1 ; 0,36696 + 0,35367)
= f(1 ; 0,72063)
= 1 + 0,72063
= 1,72063

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y4 = y3 + 6
1 /4(1,11696 +21,38158+ 21,41466+1,72063)
= 0,36696 + 6

= 0,71821
 Untuk k = 4
t(4) = 0,75 + 0,25 = 1 ; y(4) = 0,71821

f1 = f(t4,y4)
= f(1 ; 0,71821)
= 1 + 0,71821
= 1,71821

h h
f2 = f(t4+ 2 ; y4+ 2 *f1)
= f(1+0,125 ; 0,71821+ 0,125 *1,71821)
= f(1,125 ; 0,71821+0,21478)
= f(1,125 ; 0,93299)
= 1,125 + 0,93299
= 2,05799

h h
f3 = f(t4+ 2 ; y4+ 2 *f2)
= f(1+0,125 ; 0,71821+ 0,125 *2,05799)
= f(1,125 ; 0,71821+0,25724)
= f(1,125 ; 097545)
= 1,125 + 097545
= 2,10045

f4 = f(t4+h ,y4+h*f3)
= f(1 + 0,25 ; 0,71821+ 0,25 *2,10045)
= f(1,25 ; 0,71821+0,52511)
= f(1,25 ; 1,24332)
= 1,25 + 1,24332
= 2,49332

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y5 = y4 + 6
1 /4(1,71821+22,05799+22,10045+ 2,49332)
= 0,36696 + 6
= 1,24023

Untuk k = 5
t(5) = 1 + 0,25 = 1,25 ; y(5) = 1,24023
 f1 = f(t5 ; y5)
= f(1,25 ; 1,24023 )
= 1,25 + 1,24023
= 2,49023

h h
f2 = f(t5+ 2 ,y5+ 2 *f1)
= f(1,25 + 0,125 ; 1,24023+ 0,125 *2,49023)
= f(1,375 ; 1,24023+0,31128)
= f(1,375 ; 1,55151)
= 1,375 + 1,55151
= 2,92651

h h
f3 = f(t5+ 2 ,y5+ 2 *f1)
= f(1,25 + 0,125 ; 1,24023+ 0,125 *2,92651)
= f(1,375 ; 1,24023+0,36581)
= f(1,375 ; 1,60604)
= 1,375 + 1,60604
= 2,98104

f4 = f(t5+h ,y5+h*f3)
= f(1,25 + 0,25 ; 1,24023+ 0,25 *2,98104)
= f(1,5 ; 1,24023+0,74526)
= f(1,375 ; 1,98549)
= 1,375 + 1,60604
= 3,48549

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y6 = y5 + 6
1 /4(2,49023+ 22,92651+22,98104+3,48549)
= 1,24023 + 6
= 1,98151

Untuk k = 6
t(6) =1,25 + 0,25 = 1,5 ; y(6) = 1,98151

f1 = f(t6 ; y6)
= f(1,5 ; 1,98151)
 = 1,5 + 1,98151
= 3,48151
h h
f2 = f(t6+ 2 ,y6+ 2 *f1)
= f(1,5 + 0,125 ; 1,98151+ 0,125 *3,48151)
= f(1,625 ; 1,98151+0,43519)
= f(1,625 ; 2,41670)
= 1,625 + 2,41670
= 4,04170

h h
f3 = f(t6+ 2 ,y6+ 2 *f2)
= f(1,5 + 0,125 ; 1,98151+ 0,125 *4,0417)
= f(1,625 ; 1,98151+0,50521)
= f(1,625 ; 2,48672)
= 1,625 + 2,48672
= 4,11172

f4 = f(t6+ h ; y6+h*f3)
= f(1,5 + 0,25 ; 1,98151+ 0,25 *4,11172)
= f(1,75 ; 1,98151+1,02793)
= f(1,75 ; 3,00944)
= 1,375 + 3,00944
= 4,75944

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y7 = y6 + 6
1 /4(3,48151+24,0417 0+ 24,11172+ 4,75944)
= 1,98151 + 6
= 3,00434

Untuk k = 7
t(7) =1,5 + 0,25 = 1,75 ; y(7) = 3,00434

f1 = f(t6 ; y6)
= f(1,75 ; 3,00434)
= 1,75 + 3,00434
= 4,75434
 h h
f2 = f(t7+ 2 ,y7+ 2 *f1)

= f(1,75 + 0,125 ; 3,00434+ 0,125 *4,75434)

= f(1,875 ; 3,00434+0,59429)
= f(1,875 ; 3,59863)
= 1,875 + 3,59863
= 5,47363

h h
f3 = f(t7+ 2 ,y7+ 2 *f2)

= f(1,75 + 0,125 ; 3,00434+ 0,125 *5,47363)

= f(1,875 ; 3,00434+0,68420)
= f(1,875 ; 3,68854)
= 1,875 + 3,68854
= 5,47363

f4 = f(t7+ h ; y7+h*f3)
= f(1,75 + 0,25 ; 3,00434+ 0,25 *5,56354)
= f(2 ; 3,00434+1,39088)
= f(2; 4,39522)
= 2 + 4,39522
= 6,39522

h(f 1+2f 2+2f 3+ f 4)

y7 = y6 + 6
1 /4( 4,75434+25,47363+25,47363+ 6,39522)
= 3,00434+ 6
= 4,38867

t(8) =1,75 + 0,25 = 2 ; y(7) = 4,38867

Solusi eksak : e t -t-1

0
t0 = 0 y(t ) = e -0-1 =0
0
0,25
t1 = 0,25 y(t ) = e -0,25-1 = 0,03403
1
0,5
t2 = 0,5 y(t ) = e -0,5-1 = 0,14872
2
 0,75
t3 = 0,75 y(t ) = e -0,75-1 = 0,36700
3
1
t4 = 1 y(t ) = e -1-1 = 0,71828
4
1,25
t5 = 1,25 y(t ) = e -1,25-1 = 1,24034
5

t6 = 1,5 y(t ) =
6
e 1,5 -1,5-1 = 1,98169

t7 = 1,75 y(t ) =
7
e 1,75 -1,75-1 = 3,00460
2
t8 = 2 y(t ) = e -2-1 = 4,38906
8