LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN

CH3COOH + CH3OH → CH3COOCH3 + H2O

(A) (B) (C) (D)
Menghitung konsentrasi asam asetat sisa (CA) dan konversi asam asetat (XA)
Variabel 1 (Katalis HCl)
𝑔𝑟
𝜌×𝑉×𝑘𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 1000 1,04526 ×66,699𝑚𝑙×0,98 1000𝑚𝑙/𝑙
 CA0 = × 𝑉 𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑚𝑙
× = 4,5549 gr/L
𝐵𝑀 60𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙 250𝑚𝑙
𝑔𝑟
𝜌×𝑉×𝑘𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 1000 0,8344 ×178,56𝑚𝑙×0,98 1000𝑚𝑙/𝑙
 CB0 = × 𝑉 𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑚𝑙
× = 18,2513 gr/L
𝐵𝑀 32𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙 250𝑚𝑙
(𝑉.𝑁)𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻−(𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙×𝑁 𝑘𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠 𝐻𝐶𝑙) (𝑉.0,35)−(5×0,15)
 CA= = = 0,07V−0,15
𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙 5
𝐶
 XA= 1− 𝐶 𝐴
𝐴0

t (menit) Volume titran NaOH (ml) CA XA

0 59,5 4,015 0,1185

10 20 1,25 0,7256

20 13,0 0,76 0,8331

30 12,2 0,704 0,8454

40 10,8 0,606 0,8669

CA = CA0− CA0.XA = CA0 (1−XA)

CB = CB0− CA0.XA = 18,2513−4,5549 XA
CC = CA0.XA = 4,5549 XA
CD = CA0.XA = 4,5549 XA
𝐶 18,2513
M = 𝐶𝐵0 = = 4,0070
𝐴0 4,5549
𝐾
K = 𝐾1
2

-rA = k1.CACB – k2.CCCD

- .CA.CB – k2.CC.CD

-
 Konstanta kesetimbangan pada T = 55oC (K328)
Diketahui data ΔH°f standar :
∆H˚f CH3COOH = -484500 J/mol
∆H˚f CH3OH = - 238660 J/mol

∆H˚f CH3COOCH3 = -445890 J/mol

∆H˚f H2O = - 285830 J/mol

∆Hof298 = (∆Hof298CH3COOCH3 + ∆Hof298H2O) - (∆Hof298CH3COOH +

∆Hof298CH3OH)
= (-445890-285830) – (-484500-238660)
= -8560 J/mol
Diketahui data ΔG°f standar :
∆G˚f CH3COOH = -389900 J/mol

∆G˚f CH3OH = -166270 J/mol

∆G˚f CH3COOCH3 = -324200 J/mol

∆G˚f H2O = - 237129 J/mol

∆Gof298 = (∆Gof298CH3COOCH3 + ∆Gof298H2O) - (∆Gof298CH3COOH +

∆Gof298CH3OH)
= (-324200-237129) – (-389900-166270)
= -5159 J/mol
Dari persamaan Van’t Hoff :
ΔGof298 = -RT ln K
∆𝐺 298
ln K = − 𝑅𝑇
−5159
ln K = − 8,314 ×298

K = 8,0227
Harga K pada suhu 55oC (328K) dapat dihitung:
𝐾328 ∆𝐻 298 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − ′)
𝐾298 𝑅 𝑇 𝑇
𝐾328 (−8560) 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − )
𝐾298 8,314 328 298
𝐾328 (−8560) 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − )
8,0227 8,314 298 318
𝐾328
𝑙𝑛 = −0,3160
8,0227
K328 = 5,8490
 Mencari nilai XA
𝑑𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴2
= 𝑘1 . 𝐶𝐴0 [(1 − 𝑋𝐴 )(𝑀 − 𝑋𝐴 ) − ]
𝑑𝑡 𝐾
𝑑𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴2
= 𝑘1 × 4,5549 [(1 − 𝑋𝐴 )(4,0070 − 𝑋𝐴 ) − ]
𝑑𝑡 5,8490
𝑑𝑋𝐴
= 𝑘1 × 4,5549 (0,8290𝑋𝐴2 − 5,0070𝑋𝐴 + 4,0070)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑋𝐴
= 𝑘1 × 3,7760 (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335)
𝑑𝑡
𝑋𝐴 𝑡
1 𝑑𝑋𝐴
∫ = 𝑘1 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
3,7760 0 (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335) 0

Rumus ABC
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
(𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335) =
2𝑎
6,0398 ± √6,03982 − 4 × 1 × 4,8335
=
2×1
6,0398 ± 4,1407
=
2
Sehingga didapat 𝑋1 = 5,0903 dan 𝑋2 = 0,9496
Maka (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 34,8335) = (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝑋𝐴
𝑑𝑋𝐴
0,2468 ∫ =
0 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝐴 𝐵
+ = 0,2468
𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903 𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496
𝐴 𝐵 𝐴(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496) + 𝐵(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)
+ =
𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903 𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝐴 = 0,2497
𝐵 = -0,2497
Sehingga persamaan menjadi
𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴
0,2497 −0,2497
0,2468 [∫ 𝑑𝑋𝐴 + ∫ 𝑑𝑋 ] = 𝑘1 𝑡
0 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903) 0 (𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496) 𝐴
𝑋 𝑋
0,2468 (0,2497)[𝑙𝑛(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)I0 𝐴 − 𝑛(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)I0 𝐴 ] = 𝑘1 𝑡
(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(−0,9496)
0,06163 𝑙𝑛 [ ] = 𝑘1 𝑡 ≈ 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥
(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)(−5,0903)

t(x) 𝑋𝐴 y xy x2

0 0,1185 0,006763 0 0

10 0,7256 0,07954 0,7954 100

 20 0,8331 0,1054 2,108 400

30 0,8454 0,1183 3,549 900

40 0,8669 0,1389 5,556 1600

𝛴𝑥 = 100 𝛴𝑦 = 0,4489 𝛴𝑥𝑦 = 12,0084 𝛴𝑥 2 = 3000

𝑛𝛴𝑥𝑦 − 𝛴𝑥𝛴𝑦
𝑚= = 3,0304 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑛𝛴𝑥 2 − (𝛴𝑥)2
𝑘1 𝑘1 3,0304 × 10−3
𝐾= → 𝑘2 = = = 5,521 × 10−4 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑘2 𝐾 5,4890
 Kesetimbangan saat t=40 menit
𝐶𝐶 × 𝐶𝐷 (𝑋𝐴𝐶 )2 0,86692
𝑄𝐶 = = =
𝐶𝐴 × 𝐶𝐵 (1 − 𝑋𝐴𝐶 ) × (𝑀 − 𝑋𝐴𝐶 ) (1 − 8,669) × (4,0070 − 0,669)
= 1,7704

Variabel 2 (Katalis H2SO4)

𝑔𝑟
𝜌×𝑉×𝑘𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 1000 1,04526 ×66,699𝑚𝑙×0,98 1000𝑚𝑙/𝑙
 CA0 = × 𝑉 𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑚𝑙
× = 4,5549 gr/L
𝐵𝑀 60𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙 250𝑚𝑙
𝑔𝑟
𝜌×𝑉×𝑘𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 1000 0,8344 ×178,56𝑚𝑙×0,98 1000𝑚𝑙/𝑙
 CB0 = × 𝑉 𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑚𝑙
× = 18,2513 gr/L
𝐵𝑀 32𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙 250𝑚𝑙
(𝑉.𝑁)𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻−(𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙×𝑁 𝑘𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠 𝐻𝐶𝑙) (𝑉.0,35)−(5×0,15)
 CA= = = 0,07V−0,15
𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙 5
𝐶
 XA= 1− 𝐶 𝐴
𝐴0

t (menit) Volume titran NaOH (ml) CA XA

0 60,1 4,057 0,1093

10 24 1,53 0,6641

20 17 1,04 0,7716

30 16 0,97 0,7870

40 11 0,62 0,8639

CA = CA0− CA0.XA = CA0 (1−XA)

CB = CB0− CA0.XA = 18,2513−4,5549 XA
CC = CA0.XA = 4,5549 XA
CD = CA0.XA = 4,5549 XA
𝐶 18,2513
M = 𝐶𝐵0 = 4,5549
= 4,0070
𝐴0
 𝐾
K = 𝐾1
2

-rA = k1.CACB – k2.CCCD

- .CA.CB – k2.CC.CD

 Konstanta kesetimbangan pada T = 55oC (K328)

Diketahui data ΔH°f standar :
∆H˚f CH3COOH = -484500 J/mol
∆H˚f CH3OH = - 238660 J/mol

∆H˚f CH3COOCH3 = -445890 J/mol

∆H˚f H2O = - 285830 J/mol

∆Hof298 = (∆Hof298CH3COOCH3 + ∆Hof298H2O) - (∆Hof298CH3COOH +

∆Hof298CH3OH)
= (-445890-285830) – (-484500-238660)
= -8560 J/mol
Diketahui data ΔG°f standar :
∆G˚f CH3COOH = -389900 J/mol

∆G˚f CH3OH = -166270 J/mol

∆G˚f CH3COOCH3 = -324200 J/mol

∆G˚f H2O = - 237129 J/mol

∆Gof298 = (∆Gof298CH3COOCH3 + ∆Gof298H2O) - (∆Gof298CH3COOH +

∆Gof298CH3OH)
= (-324200-237129) – (-389900-166270)
= -5159 J/mol
Dari persamaan Van’t Hoff :
ΔGof298 = -RT ln K
∆𝐺 298
ln K = − 𝑅𝑇
−5159
ln K = − 8,314 ×298

K = 8,0227
Harga K pada suhu 55oC (328K) dapat dihitung:
 𝐾328 ∆𝐻 298 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − ′)
𝐾298 𝑅 𝑇 𝑇
𝐾328 (−8560) 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − )
𝐾298 8,314 328 298
𝐾328 (−8560) 1 1
𝑙𝑛 =− ( − )
8,0227 8,314 298 318
𝐾328
𝑙𝑛 = −0,3160
8,0227
K328 = 5,8490
 Mencari nilai XA
𝑑𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴2
= 𝑘1 . 𝐶𝐴0 [(1 − 𝑋𝐴 )(𝑀 − 𝑋𝐴 ) − ]
𝑑𝑡 𝐾
𝑑𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴2
= 𝑘1 × 4,5549 [(1 − 𝑋𝐴 )(4,0070 − 𝑋𝐴 ) − ]
𝑑𝑡 5,8490
𝑑𝑋𝐴
= 𝑘1 × 4,5549 (0,8290𝑋𝐴2 − 5,0070𝑋𝐴 + 4,0070)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑋𝐴
= 𝑘1 × 3,7760 (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335)
𝑑𝑡
𝑋𝐴 𝑡
1 𝑑𝑋𝐴
∫ = 𝑘1 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
3,7760 0 (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335) 0

Rumus ABC
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
(𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 4,8335) =
2𝑎
6,0398 ± √6,03982 − 4 × 1 × 4,8335
=
2×1
6,0398 ± 4,1407
=
2
Sehingga didapat 𝑋1 = 5,0903 dan 𝑋2 = 0,9496
Maka (𝑋𝐴2 − 6,0398𝑋𝐴 + 34,8335) = (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝑋𝐴
𝑑𝑋𝐴
0,2468 ∫ =
0 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝐴 𝐵
+ = 0,2468
𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903 𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496
𝐴 𝐵 𝐴(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496) + 𝐵(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)
+ =
𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903 𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)
𝐴 = 0,2497
𝐵 = -0,2497
Sehingga persamaan menjadi
 𝑋𝐴 𝑋𝐴
0,2497 −0,2497
0,2468 [∫ 𝑑𝑋𝐴 + ∫ 𝑑𝑋 ] = 𝑘1 𝑡
0 (𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903) 0 (𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496) 𝐴
𝑋 𝑋
0,2468 (0,2497)[𝑙𝑛(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)I0 𝐴 − 𝑛(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)I0 𝐴 ] = 𝑘1 𝑡
(𝑋𝐴 − 5,0903)(−0,9496)
0,06163 𝑙𝑛 [ ] = 𝑘1 𝑡 ≈ 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥
(𝑋𝐴 − 0,9496)(−5,0903)

t(x) 𝑋𝐴 y xy x2

0 0,1093 0,006165 0 0

10 0,6641 0,06510 0,6510 100

20 0,7716 0,09255 1,851 400

30 0,7870 0,09788 2,9364 900

40 0,8639 0,1360 5,44 1600

𝛴𝑥𝑦
𝛴𝑥 = 100 𝛴𝑦 = 0,3977 𝛴𝑥 2 = 3000
= 10,8784
𝑛𝛴𝑥𝑦 − 𝛴𝑥𝛴𝑦
𝑚= = 2,9244 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑛𝛴𝑥 2 − (𝛴𝑥)2
𝑘1 𝑘1 2,9244 × 10−3
𝐾= → 𝑘2 = = = 5,3277 × 10−4 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑘2 𝐾 5,4890
 Kesetimbangan saat t=40 menit
𝐶𝐶 × 𝐶𝐷 (𝑋𝐴𝐶 )2 0,86392
𝑄𝐶 = = =
𝐶𝐴 × 𝐶𝐵 (1 − 𝑋𝐴𝐶 ) × (𝑀 − 𝑋𝐴𝐶 ) (1 − 0,8639) × (4,0070 − 0,8639)
= 1,7446