PERBEDAAN RERATA KADAR SERUM ZINC ANTARA

PASIEN PREEKLAMPSIA BERAT

DAN SUPERIMPOSED PEB

(Proposal Penelitian)

Oleh:
dr. Primadella Fegita
PPDS Obstetri dan Ginekologi

Pembimbing:
DR.dr. Dovy Djanas, Sp.OG(K)
DR. dr. Hj. Yusrawati, SpOG(K)
dr. Hudilla Riffa Karmila, Sp.OG

PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN DOKTER SPESIALIS OBSTETRI DAN

GINEKOLOGI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS PADANG
2018
 DAFTAR ISI

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING

DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................... i
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................. iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR.............................................................................. iv
DAFTAR SINGKATAN........................................................................ v
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang............................................................. 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah........................................................ 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian.......................................................... 3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian....................................................... 3
1.5 Kerangka Pemikiran .................................................... 5

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Preeklampsia................................................................ 7
2.1.1 Definisi................................................................ 7
2.1.2 Prevalensi........................................................... 8
2.1.3 Klasifikasi............................................................ 9
2.1.4 Etiopatogenesis.................................................. 12
2.2 Zinc............................................................................... 29
2.2.1 Definisi................................................................ 21
2.2.2 Senyawa kimia.................................................... 23
2.2.3 Absorbsi dan Metabolisme................................. 23
2.2.4 Fungsi zinc dalam tubuh..................................... 27
2.2.5 Peranan Zinc dalam kehamilan.......................... 28
2.2.6 Kadar Zinc normal pada kehamilan…………….. 30
2.2.7 Defisiensi Zinc dalam kehamilan......................... 31
2.3 Kerangka Konsep......................................................... 39
2.4 Penjelasan Kerangka Konsep...................................... 39
2.5 Hipotesis Penelitian...................................................... 41

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Jenis Penelitian............................................................ 42
3.2 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian....................................... 42
3.3 Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian................................... 42
3.4 Rumus Besar Sampel Penelitian.................................. 43
3.5 Perkiraan Besar Sampel Penelitian.............................. 44
3.6 Teknik Pengambilan Sampel........................................ 44
3.7 Variabel Penelitian........................................................ 44
3.8 Definisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian...................... 45
3.9 Bahan dan Alat Penelitian............................................ 46

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 3.10 Prosedur Penelitian.................................................... 46
3.11 Pengolahan dan Analisis Data.................................... 50
3.12 Etika Penelitian........................................................... 51
3.13 Alur Penelitian............................................................. 52

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1 Rekomendasi Penatalaksanaan pada PPROM..............................25

Tabel 2 Rerata serum feritin pada persalinan Preterm, PPROM dan

Kontrol.............................................................................................39

Tabel 3 Rerata Serum Feritin pada Kontrol, PPROM dan Persalinan

Preterm............................................................................................40

Tabel 4 Uji Normalitas Data Variabel Penelitian..........................................61

Tabel 5 Perbedaan Karakteristik Responden pada KPD Preterm dan

Kehamilan Preterm..........................................................................62

Tabel 6 Perbedaan Kadar TNF-α pada KPD Preterm dan Kehamilan

Preterm............................................................................................63

Tabel 7 Perbedaan Kadar Feritin pada KPD Preterm dan Kehamilan

Preterm............................................................................................64

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 Gambar Membran Janin Manusia dan Komponen Protein.........15

Gambar 2 Jalur Masuknya Infeksi ke dalam Intra Uterin.............................20

Gambar 3 Patogenesis Ketuban Pecah Dini...............................................22

Gambar 4 Struktur Kompleks Feritin...........................................................30

Gambar 5 Basic Iron Metabolism.................................................................31

Gambar 6 Regulasi HO-1 pada distribusi besi sistemik...............................34

Gambar 7 Alur HO-1 sebagai sistem pertahanan tubuh..............................35

Gambar 8 Level serum feritin pada persalinan Preterm, PPROM dan

kontrol..........................................................................................39

Gambar 9 Kerangka Konsep........................................................................43

Gambar 10 Alur Penelitian............................................................................. 60

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

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AKB : Angka Kematian Bayi

AKI : Angka Kematian Ibu

AKN : Angka Kematian Neonatal

ASEAN : Association of South East Asia Nation

BBLR : Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah

CRH : Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone

COX2 : Cyclooxigenase Type 2

EPO : Eritropoetin

FRP : Ferroportin

GC-SF : Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

HO-1 : Hemeoxygenase-1

ICAM : Interstitial Cell Adhesion Molecule

IgG : Immunoglobulin G

IgM : Immunoglobulin M

IL : Interleukin

IREs : Iron Responsive Element

IRP : Iron Regulatory Protein

KH : Kelahiran Hidup

KPD : Ketuban Pecah Dini

MMP : Matrix Metalloproteinase

mRNA : Massager Ribonucleid Acid

NFkB : Nuclear Factor kappa B

PGE2 : Prostaglandin E2

PGF2a : Prostaglandin F2a

PMN : Polimorfonuclear

PPROM : Preterm Premature Rupture Of Membrane

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PRC : Packed Red Cell

RNA : Ribonucleid Acid

SDKI : Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia

sTNF : Soluble TNF

TACE : TNF Alpha Converting Enzyme

TiMP :Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinase

TNF : Tumor Necrosis Factor

TLR : Toll Like Receptor

USG : Ultrasonografi

WHO : World Health Organization

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