SPLN 24:19E|cl

Lampiran Surat Keputusan Direksi PLN

PERUSAHAAN UMUM LISTRIK NEGARA N o. 040/D l R /80, Tanggal 21 M e i 198O

GiUItrIE FG'FI CctMMIsiSIcIMIVGi,

cIPEFtArrcIrv Al\ttrr
MAINTENANCE cIF
trIIESiEL ENG'II\IESi

DEPARTEMEN PERTAMBANGAN DAN ENERGI

PERUSAHAANUMUM LISTRIK NEGARA

t '
-

J L T R U N O J O Y OM I / 1 3 5 - K E B A Y O R A N
BARU-JAKARTA
 2
SPLN 24 : 1980

O,P E R A T I O NA N D I \ 4 A I N T E N A N C E
GUIDE FOR COMMI$SIONING
O F D I E S E LE N G I N E S

D i susunol eh

1. KELOMPOK PEMBAKUAN B I D A N GP E M B A N G .
K IT AN d engan S urat K eputusan D i reksi P er-
u s a h a a nU mum Ll stri k N egara N o. 145/D l R /
79 tanggal18 Desember1979.
2. K E L O M P O K K E R J A C O M M I S S I O N I N GP L I ' L )
dengan Surat KeputusanDirektur Pusat Penye-
fi d i k a n M asal ah K el i stri kan N o. 014l LMK 179
tanggal31 Desember1979.

D i t e r b i t k a no l e h :
DEPARTEMEN PERTAMBANGAN & E N ER G I
P E R U S A H A A NU M U M L I S T R I K N E G A R A
J l . T r unoi oyo l /l l /135-K ebayoranB aru
JAKARTA.
JAKARTA, 1980.

J
 SPLN 24 : 1980

S U S U N A NA N G G O T A K E L O M P O KP E M B A K U A NB I D A N G P E I V I B A N G K I T A N
S u r a t K e p u t u s a nD i r e k s iP e r u s a h a aUnm u m L i s t r i k N e g a r a
No. : 145lDl1l79
T a nggal: 13 D esember1979

1. K e p a l aBa g i a nPe mb a k u a nP, usatP enyel i di kanMasal ahK el i stri kan

(e x -o ffi c i o ) Ketua merangkap

2. lr. KoesaeniSastrodinoto S ebagaiK etua H ari an merangkap

Anggota Tetap
3. lr. SoenarjoSastrosewoio SebagaiSekretarismerangkap
Anggota Tetap
4, (D i te ta p k a nk e m u d i a n ) S ebagaiW aki l S ekretari smerangkap
Anggota Tetap
5. C i v . l rrg . S u w a rn oS u a rd j o SebagaiAnggota Tetap
6. l r. W i k o e b ro to S ebagaiA nggotaTetap
7. lr. Sabarto Pradono SebagaiAnggota Tetap
8. l r. M o e l j o n o SebagaiAnggota Tetap
9. l r. O e n to ro SebagaiAnggota Tetap
10. l r. Ma rg o n oH a l i m o e n SebagaiAnggota Tetap
11. lr. Sudjanadi SebagaiAnggota Tetap
12. l r. A rd i Yo g i SebagaiAnggota TetaP
13. lr. Sudadyo SebagaiAnggota Tetap
" 14 . l r. N a b ri s K a ti b SebagaiAnglEotaTetap
15. l r. S a m h i r S a s mi ta a tm a d i a SebagaiAnggota Tetap

S U S U N A NA N G G O T A K E L O M P O KK E R J A C O M M I S S I O N I N G PLTD
S u ra t Ke p u tu s a nD i re ktur P usat P envel i di kan Masal ahK el i stri kan
No. : 0 1 4 / L M K l 7 9
Tanggal : 31 Deserrberi 979

1. l r. K o e s a e nS
i a s trodi noto K etua merangkap
Anggota Tetap
2. lr. Margosantoso S ekretari smerangkap
A nggotaTetap
3. l r. So e p ri j a n to A nggotaTetap
4. l r. Su rj o h a d i p u tro A nggotaTetap
5. Sdr. Halim BEE A nggotaTetap
 SPLN 24 : 1980

GUIDE FOR COil{I{ISSIONING.OPfrttAi IOI'.1

AND NIAINTENANCE OF DIESEL ENGINES

i : GE N E R A L
C H ,A P I-E R

1. Scopeand obiect
The purposeof this guide isto establish,in a generalway, suitableproccrluresfirr cornmissioning diesel
enginesand associatedequipment,and to iiiclicatehow suchdieselenginesalri cquipmentshouldbe operated
andmaintenaned.
It is understood that a publication of this type wiil be binding only if'. arrd to the extent that, bcih
contractingpartieshaveagreedupon it.
T'lie gr:ideexchJdesmatters of pureiy ccmmercialinterest,exceptthr:seirrextricablybound upwith the
conduct of commissioning,operationand maintenance.
The griide appliesto diesel enginesof ail types, anclespeciallyto large dicselenginesdirectly coupied
to electricgenerator..
Tire guideis not concemedwithgeneralors,exceptwhere theycannotlre sc;rnv;11t4 fiom the engineand
its equipment.
Wherever'theguide speciliesthat docurrents,drawingsor inforrrtaliotrslrallbe suppliedby amanufac-
turer (or by manufacturers),eachindividu;Ltnranufacturershail be requir*d til {irirrishthe appropriateinfor-
mation for his own supply only.
'Ihe guide
refersto standardsof Intemational StalclardsOrganizatioit([SO) and includes,but is not li-
nrited to, the following standards:
a) ISA 3249* r97s -- lteciprocatingintenralConrbusLirxt lrngines
(E) DefirritionsoiLocations on an [:,nplirrt
b) r s o 2 7 1 0* 1 9 7 8 - InternalCombustiortlrirgirtes
Reciprocating
(E/irlR) Vocabulary(or CeneralDefinitions)"
c) ISO3046lI'197 5 . * Reciprrocating InternaiCombuslioni.itrgirres
(E) part I :
tr)erl'orrnance
S tandardR eferenceC ondi ti onsarrtl l )ccl arati onsoi P ow er , Fuel
Cotisumptionand LubricatingOil f't,r,','rrttption.
d) - 1977
rso3046lrr - l ntemalC ombusti oilr:nsurcs
R eci procati ng
(E) Perl'onnance part Il :
Test MethoOe.
e) ISO3046/lll - 1979 - IieciprocatinglnternalCornbusliorr
l:ng;ines
(E) part III :
Perf"onrrzurce
Tesl[4easurement.
f) rso 3046/rv * 1,978 - R.eciprocating
lnternalCombustionfrrrgilres
(E) Performancepart IV :
SpcedCoverniug.
sl ISO lzvt - 1972 - ReciprocatingInternalConrbustiont'nginr;s
(E) Designationof the Directi<;nof llo talion.
h) rso lzos* 1972 * R eci procati ng
IntemaiC ornbusti ri[:ngi
rr rres
(E) Designationof the Cylinders.
2" Teirnsanddefinitions
Terms Defuiitions
'Iesting
2..1 Cunrrnisrilnrtirtg of new equipmentto cher:kits conformitywith contractual
specific;rlicns"
as well as operationol'ihe equipmentuntil formally
acceptedby the purchaser.
 SPLN 24 : 1980

2,2 Operation Utilization of the equipment to produce energy, or a state of re-

adinessfor suchproduction.
2.3 Maintenance in a stateof
Activity on the equiprnentdirectedto its conservatiorr
optimum operating condition.
2.4 Pre-starttests Test between completionof erection of the equipment and initial
run.
2.5. Initial run First movementof rotating parts after erection.
2.6. Testrun Operationto obtain one set of data for a specifictest.
2.7 Test operation Utilization of the equipment for testing purposes.
2, 8. T es t op e ra ti o np e ri o d Test period following initial run and followed by test service.It
includes noJoad runs for checkingpower plant equipnrent,as well
asload runs and load rejectiontests.
2.9 Test service Operation of the equipment for an agreedperiod, during which the
manufacturer is generallyresponsiblefor the way in which it is ope-
rated.
2. I 0 Commercialservice Operation of the equipment. under the purchaser'sresponsibility,
for suchoperation.
to produceenergy,or a stateof readiness
2.ll Commercialserviceperiod Period starting after acceptanceand including service periods, as
well as periods when the equipment may be out of operation for
maintenance,inspection,repairs,etc.
2.12 Guaranteeperiod Time, extending through an agreedpart of the commercial service
period, during which the manufacturer has comrnercial obligations
to correct defectsin his equipmentin order to bring it into confor-
mity with the contract. For this purpose,testsin accordancewith
the appropriatepartsof SubclauseI1.1.4, shallbe performed.
2.13 Inspection Check on the condition of equipment.
2.14 Maintenance
inspection Inspection at regular intewals, often combined with incidental re-
pairs.
2.15 Repair Restorationafter wear or damap.
2.16 Modification Changeintendedto improveperformance.
2.17 Overhaul Complete inspection with necessaryrepairs and/or modifications
intended to bring the unit or part of it to, or nearly to, the optimum
functioning condition.

3. Data on operatingconditions
3.1 A fundamental requirenrentfor proper operation and maintenanceis a satisfactoryknowledgeof the
dieselengineand its accessories by the purchaser'spenonnel.
The manufacturer(ntanufacfurers)shall deliver to the purchaser'sresponsiblerepresentatives all neces-
sary documents,intructions and information.
They shall include :
generaldrawingsand data;
materiallists, descriptionsand test certificatesfor main parts;
function diagranrs,if any;
- instructions fol operation, inqpection and rnaintenanceof his supply and tablesof measurements;
assemblyand disnrantlinginstructionsand/or ex.plodedview of the parts,if any;
safetyinstructions;
- list of origiltalspareparts,asstatedin the contract.
 SPLN 24 : 1980'

These documents,even in a preliminary fonn, shall be given to the purchaser'srepresentativesas soon

as required and, in any case,before the initial run.
3.2. The documentssubrnittedby the manufacfurer(manufacturers)shall include the foliowing data, some
of which may be amendedaccordurgto experiencegatheredduring com-tnissi<ning.
1) FactoryTestreport
2) Infoimation on crankshaftalignmentdata,valveclearances and other settings.
3) CharacterisLics of the govemingsystem.
4) Descriptionof lubrication systems,stating amount and characteristics of lubricantsand frequency
of replacentent.
5) Desoriptionof fuei system.
6) Descriptionof coolingsystem
7) Adjustrnentof overspeed protection device.
8) Maximum and rninimum tenrceraturesin cooling water circuits, htltricattngoil circurts urd bear-
ings(alarm alrd shut down values).
9) Ma.x.imurnand minimum pressures,flows zurdlevelsin cooling water circuits, lubricating oii cir-
cuits, accorCingto control .svstem(alarm and shut dorvnvalues).
10) Maximum exhaustgastemperature.
1 1) Firing pressure.
12) Data on electricntotors,pumps and otlter accessories.
13) Safety instructionsfor test and operatingstaff.
14) Otlier data cif importarrcewhich are consiclered necessaryby either purchaseror manufacturerfor
safeoperationof tire equipmentor forinstnrction of personnel.
3.3 The ma.nr-rfacturer(s) shall give anpropriateinstructions to the purchaser'sstaff and provide the infor-
nration stated in Subclause3.2 on operaling the equipment during the firral stageof erection,initial
run, test runs and test serviceperiod.particulaily for all items not previouslytrsedby the purchaser.
During the final stageof erection,the start, the test runs and test service,the purchaseishallmake his
staff availableto the manufacfineribrinstruction and trainingin order that tlrcy nray be capableof ope-
rating properly the dieseiengineand associatecl equipment.
3.4 During the graranteeperiod, tlie equiprnentshall not be operatedoutsrdethe limits stated in the con-
tract withotit agreementr"viththe manrrt'acturer.

C H A P TE Rl l : C Ott/l Ml S S l ON l N G

4. Gerrerai
4 . 1 Commissioningoccursafter first erection of a nelv unit. Similar proceduresnray alsobe utilized with or
after repairor overhaul.
withoul formal acceptance

4.2 The operatingrequirementsgivenin Ciause3 shall be compliedwith dtrring conunissioning.If the ope'
rating conditions of the power station preventcommi.ssioning within tlreserequirements,the purchaser
and manufacturer shall a gee on the commissioningprocedure.
it will be ad'
4 , 3 Fgr correctinterpretationand deterrninalionof the causesof any unexpcctctlphenometta,
vantageousto make simultaneousrecordingsof signilicantparameterson a recordinginstrument. Each
recoldingshallmention the tine altd date.
on specified
responsibilityto obtain from all the authoritiescolicemed,agreements
4,,7 f i ir rir{'l,rn^h4ser's
i rrri sfi rr l e s to o e ra ti o n .
c on tl Ii
 SPLN 24 : 1980

5. Testcoordinator
He is
A test co-ortlinatorshall be chosenby the purchaser,the main contractorsand the manufacturers.
in chargeof 6rawing up tlrc l)rtrgrunnreof cornmissioning. His programmeshall be checkedand approvedby
fie purchaser.the nrail pranulacturers and contractorsbeforeand duringthe testsif changesappeartobe ne'
cessary. tle s[all conduct(lrr:tustsand checkthe results.
The test co-ordinatoris rcsponsible for the executionof all testsup to the beginnirlgttl llio tt'stsutvice
period. Operatingand personnel
coriurrissir:ning shall report to the co'ordinatoron all oper.ltlt'li;r
1;etl'ttttttcil
o n t h ee q u i p m e n t .

6. Pre-starttests
Pieparaticrnfor dieselengincstart-up
Belore tlre engipeis rcatiy for starfup, the generator,ilswell as auxiliaryand stand'byequipment.shall
shallbe checkedand resultsrecordedby the testco-ordinator.
be checked.At leastthe lirllorvirrgire.rns
Flywheel bolt nuts are rightenedto the requirecl,torque value anclthe cotter pins or roll pins are in
1)
place.
2 ) Cenerator shaft bearirigsare correctly aligned,clean and filled to the required level with the required
lubr ic ant"
3i Jackingscrewsor levi:lirrgscrewsarebackedoff.
4) All foundationbgit tttttsarc tigfttenedto the required torque value.
5) of crankshaltalignmentand thrustclearance.
},.leasureinent
6) Proper iasteningol'all piping systemsand their conformity to its recomtnendationsas noted on flow
diagrarnrand scltematirsfumishedwith the engine.
7) C[eckingof electricnrLrt()rsanclpumpsfor correctrotation andlubrication.
g) Cirecking,rf goveLnerlirr correct oil and oil level, governorlinkage,fuel injection and pump control
link age.
9\Checkingof intakc air lllter for correct assembly,cleanlinessand filled to the correctlevelwith the re'
conunentledfluicl
lubri'
l0) Checking of air cornpressorfor cleanlinessand filled to the conect level with the recommended
cating cil.
car'
l l) Checking of lubricating oil tjlters and the fuel oil filters for correct filling with the recommended
tridges.
12) Inspection of the lube oil strainer for cleanliness.that there tue no burrs, scrapsof metal or welding
debriswhich could c(lntelooseand enter the engineoil system.
l3) Inspectiqnof jackct \varersystemthat therearenoleaksinsideand outsideof the engine.
ta,i Checki;rgof fuel oi! day tank and its entire piping systemthat there areno leaksandvalvesarein their
nor m alo p e ra ti n g
Po s i ti i l tr.
r 5 ) Inspectionof rgulccl anns, push rods, nozzlesholden and injection pumps that their nuts and bolts are
in placearrdtight, corrcr pins in placeand fuel line nuts and fittings are all in placeand tight.
l6 ) Checking of starting air tanks and the starting system.Also safety shutdown deviceson their proper
funci.ion.
\rvhenall conditionshavebeenmet, the dieselengineis readyfor starting.

7. Initial run
After the test co-orclinatorhas Fven permission,the diesel generatoris started under manual control,
accordingto the manuf'acturcr'srequirements.
If any noise, scrrpingor other abnormalphnomenais observed,or if an authorizedrepresentative of any
manufactureso requests.the unit shallbe shut down immediately.

8. Test ruhs
B.l No-loadtests
g. l. I The upit is kept under rnanualcontrol at or abovethe startingspeeduntil all temperature'sare satisfac-
tory to the manufacturers'represeutatives.

4
 SPLN 24 : 198O

If any temperature is excessiveor increasestoo rapidly, the unit shail be shut down and the causesof tiris
phenornenoninvestigatedand corrected.
If all goesweil, the unit speedshall be increasedin pre-arranged stepsup to the raterJvalue,remainingat each
zuccessive speeduntil the rate of rise of all ternperahrres
is satisfactoryto the nrarruf'rcturers'
representatives.
8"1.2 During the test run, at leastthe following measurementsandior obsen'alionsshallbe made :
l) Noiseor vibration in the dieseiengineand/or generator.
2) Operating conditions of safety and signaldevices,in particular thosewhich could not be properly tested
before the unit rotated.
3) Operatingconditions for the oil pressureand other pumps.
4) Oil pressure,in lubrication systems.
5) Preszure,circulation,inlet and outlet temperatureof coolingwater.
6) Temperaturesof bearingsand lubrication oil.
7) Temperatureof exhaustgas.
8) Fuel pumps rack.
9) Engine speed.
8.1.3 The functioningof the govemingsystemmay be checkedat this tirne'and.withthegovcmoroperating
correctly, the dieselenginemay be used for dry-out, testson the electricalequiprrrent,protection and auto-
matic devices,etc.
8.1.4 When the noJoad test at rated speedis completed,the dieselenginespeedis carefully increased,still
rrndermanuaicontrol, for checkingthe action of overspeed
protection devices.
The set speedfcrr each deviceshall be measuredand any necessaryadjustmentsnratle.After the load rejection
tests,a further adjustmentof the overspeed
devicesettrngmay be required.
8.2 Load run and load rejection tests
8.2"I Gerteral
When the generatc'rand switchingequipmenthave been declaredready {or operation,the unit may be
rynchronized.During the load rejectiontests,all necessaryprecautionsshailbe takcrr.
Such precautionsmay includesettinggovemortirnh gat a slower-thandesign rate.\\/lrerradjustrrients
arematle
on go\remoror regulatingdevices,all testswhich might be affectedby the adjustnrerrtshallbe repeated.
8.2.2 }}.rrposes
The purposesof load run and load rejectiontestsare :
l) io check, with an agreedaccuracy,the output of the unit, comparedto the documentslisted in Sub.
c la u s e3 .2 ;
2\ to check 'uheunit for instability,vibration in tlte rangeof guarantedloads:
3) to check the ful'r;tioningof govemorand regplatingdevices,aswell as llrat of tlrc entire unit;
4) to deterrninethe momentaryspeedvariationsof the unit and to find thcir cxtrenrevalues;
5) to pemrit testing of the operationof other dieselengineand electricalequipment,includingprotection
and other automatic devices.
8.2.3 Procedure
The load shall be increasedin stepsand a load rejectiontest madeat successivcly higherloadsup tc' the
rnaximum expectedto be placedorr the unit (for example,rejectionsrnay be rnadeat25'/0,SWo,75%and
IOU/oof rated load, asweli asfrom the maximum load that may be agreed upon).
Two rejectionsshall be made at each load. One rejectionis made under governorcontrol to no-load,
ihe other shallbe an emergencyshut-down.
load rejectiontestsshallalsobe madeby meansof any otlrcrcnrcrgcncydevice.
If sper:ified,
After the completion of eachload rejection test, the enginespeedrise data shall be analizedto ensure
that the speci{iedsatblimits will not be exceededduring the next higherload rejectiontest.
 SPLN 24 : 1980

8.2.4 Observations, measurentents and recordtngs

During thesetests, tlre testco-ordinatorshallensure,wherepossible,that the following observationsand
measurements arenradealrtlrecrlrtled:
a) Steady-state operatiorr
l) G ene ra toor u tp ut.
2'1 Fuel pump rack.
3) Corvrbustion pressure.
4) Enginespeed
5) E x lr a u s te
t ttrp e ra tu re
6) Char g ea i r p re s s L tre
7) Noiselevels,il'valrresarespecifiedin the contract.
8) A bnon n a ln o i s e si.f a n y .
9) Vibration and otlrer displacementof rotating and fixed parts.
Load reiectionand subsctluettt tests.
b) l) Gcneratoroutput.
2) Frrelpump raek.
3) Cr " nS rtrto nPtc s s u re .
d) i:nginespeed.
5 i Jinr€ speedrelationshipof the unit.
6) E x l' 3u s l te m Pe ra tu re .
7) []ia:ge air prcssrr re.
8) Noiselevels,il'valucsarespecifiedin the contract.
9) Aiin,:nnalnoises, if any.
10) Vihration antl other displacementof rotating and fixed parts.
I l) Aciion of ernentency stoppingdevice.if specified.
It rs recorrrmendedthat after the test operation period (Sub-clause 2.8), an inspectionclt the unit be
carnedcut, e.g. to check f';r ;rny possiblenrbbingcontactwhich may haveoccurred.
If ,Jurlngthe tests(Sub-clatrse 8.2) unusualphenomenaor vibration have been observed,inspectionmust be
carriedout prioi to the sllrt tit'tlrc testserviceperiod(Sub<lause2.9).

III : OPERATION
CHAPTER

9, Generai
Thc operationperiodincludesthe followingparts:
- teslService,
- commercial seryice,diyidgdinto : guarantee perioC,post-Suaranteoperiod.
The sub.clauseson test seryicesnd the guaranteeperiod shallbe appliedto new unit! after first erection
andcc[unissioning,or lo dny unit afterrepairor overhaulcarriedout by a manufacturer or a contractor.
Clause12 on commercialscrviceafter the guarantee periodmay be appliedaslongasthe unit is in operation.
10. Testser.'iceperiori
10,1 If nothingunusua.l hasbeenobserved duringtheloadrun andloadrejectiotttests,the tests€wicepedod
shall follow. As tlre rnanulactureris generallyresponsiblefor his equipmentdurlng test seryiceandalsofor the
way ln which it is operated,it is reconrnended that the purchaser's
persormel
opemtethe equipmentunderthe
manufacturels guidancc during lestservice.
'After
ttre first erection, the test seryiceperiod should be long enoughto satlsfy the purchaserthat all
componentJare in satisfacrory operatingcondition.After an overhaul,the testserviceperiodcanbe shortened
or eve:lomitted.
 SPLN 24 : 1980

10.2 The duration of the final part of the test serviceperiod during which the unit must operatewithout
any intemrption shallbe statedin the contract.
10.3 During the test serviceperiod, the purchaser'sstaff shall study the functioning of the equipment and
equipment and record at regularintervals(at least once a day, at the beginningonce an houi or even more
often).Ihese recordsshali dealwith the items in the following list where they apply :
lubricatingoil temperatures
raw water temperatures
jacket water temperatures
injector cooling w ater temperatures
exhaustgastemperatures
I chargeair pressure
t" turbochargerspeed
lubricating oil pressure
fuel oil pressure
cornbustionpressure
net power at alternatorterminals
power consumedby simultaneousengineauxiliariesoperating
fuel rack readings
govemorsettings
excitation data
V, A, kVAr, power factor data.
Observationsshall alsobe made regarding:
functioningof govemor;
action of interlocks and signaUingdevices;
air admission;
circulationof lubricatingoil and coolingwater;
effectiveness of lubricationat variouspoints, filters and coolers;oil quafity;
ambient air temperatureand surfacetemperatureof surroundingnrachines(such aselectricalgene-
rated).
The staff shall also observenoise,bangs,vibration, leakage,etc., in the unit and recordsuchphnumena
and the circumstancesunder which they ware observed.
10.4 At the end of the test serviceperiod, the lubricatingsystemsshallbe checkctlfrrr irnpurities.
10.5 When ihe test serviceperiod has been successfullycompleted,conrnercial seryiceunder the responsi-
bility of the purchaserbegins.At the same time, the guaranteeperiod beginsanclthe contracting partiesshali
both placethis on recold.
1 l. Commercialservice
i 1.1 Guaranteeperiod
I 1.1.1 Measurements and observations
The measurements and observationsspecifiedin Clausel0 shallalsobc nracleduring conunercialservice.
Dependingon operatingconditions, the intervalsbetweenmostmeasurenrents can be extended.The time and
date for eacirnreasurementor observationshall be recorded.
ll. l. 2
S h u t-d o w n
If any trouble occursand cannotbe immediatelycorrected,e.g.a suddenterrrperature
risein bearingsor
pressuredecreasein pressureoil unit, the unit shall be shut down.
11. 1. 3 l{ e p a i r
Wherrilrspectionindicatesflre need for a repairduring the guaranteeperiod,suchrepairshould be made
only by agreemenIwith the manufacturer.
 SPLN 24 : 1980

I 1.1.4 Acceptancetests
Acceptancetestsmay be completedin accordance with the following :
l) Efficiencyand power testsshouldbe perfornredaccurdingto the relevantstandarrls ol'lS() us rrrlcrre(l
to in Clause1.
2) The test programmeshallincludeat leastthe following sequencywithout intermediatestops:
a) one hour 50','{,
l,,utlfollowetlwithout intemrption
b) two houn 75'/,'loatllirllowedwithout interruption
c) one hour l\V/, l,r;rtJfirllowedwithout interruption
d) one hour llA/,,load followedwithout interruption
e) threehours lA0',/,,load lollowedwithout intemrption
During each of tlte rbovc phasesthe fuel consumptionwill be measuredand indicator diagramsof all 1 i
cylindersare taken.
rp
I l.l .5 Speed-governing
sysrerns
The acceptancetests of speed-governing
systemsshould be performed and evaluatedaccordingto ISO
3M6/lV-1978 (U) : Perfornrance-Part IV : Speed Governing,where applicable,otherwiseby agreementbet-
weenmanufacturerand purchaser,
I 1. 1. 6 G uar ant eien s p e c ti o rr
This zub-clauseconcems only the guaranteeitems in the contract. On a date agreedby manufachrrer
and purchaser(usuallyjust before the end of the guaranteeperiod), aguaranteeinspectionof the unit shallbe
performed.
The manufacturer'srepresentativestrallbe invited to take part in the guaranteeinspection.
The guarantee inspectitrnshallcoveroperationsand checksgjvenin Sub-clause 13.1.
The parries(manu['acturerand purchaser)shall make a joint record of the results of the inspection.
Theserecordsshall list all nreasurers to be taken, name the party to peiform them and which party shallbear
the expenseand progrannlerlrcwork.
ll,2 Post-guaranteeperiod
The measurements and observationsspecifiedin Clause10 may be continuedafter the guaranteeperiod.
The intervalsbetweenmeasurenrents and their extent aredeterminedby the purchaserhimself.
If any unusual phenurnenonis observedor noted on a recording,the purchasershall decidedwhether
the unit continuesto operateor wliether if must be shut down for inspection.

C!-IAPTERlV : MAINTENANCE | .t
l l
i 2. General
12.l lr{aintenanceconsistsof preventiveand restorativeactivities(repair)
One purposefor both preventiveand restorativemaintenanceis to searchfor causesof damageand wear
with the objectof eliminatingthem.
The purpose of preventivemaintenanceis to reducewear and the probability of damageor breakdown.
The purposeof restorativeniaintenanceis to restoredamagedand/or worn parts to their optimum condition.
12.2 Maintenanceactivitiesconcern all parts of the engineand associatedequipment such as :
pipingsystem;
fi*ed and rotatingenginepads;
: control and regtrlatingdeviceswith their associated
equipment;
lubricatingand coolingsystems;
automaticsequencing and safetydevices;
control board anclrneasuringappratusrelatedto the turbine.
 SPLN 24 : 1980

i2.3 Loss of efiiciency and/or strength of machinery can generallybe traced to one or a combination of the
foliowing causes:
a) wear due to abrasivenratterin the lube oii;
b) fatiguestressphenomena;
c) detectivematerial,not previcuslydiscovered;
d) operation or maintenance not in accordancewith manufacturer's recommendationsand/or in-
structions;
e) faiiuresin electricalconnectionsor mechanicallinkages.
Wesr due to abrasrvecontent in the iube oil will usually appearon bearings,pistons,piston rings,liner.

12.4 Experience of rvear during the first part of commercial service(i.e. during the guaranteeperiod) can be
ulsedtc.restiniatethe date of the next inspection.
12.5 Repaiisduring the guaranteeperiod shallbe made accordingto Sub-clauseI I . I .3.
Repairs and overharrl after. the guaranteeperiod sirall be made by the manufacturer or by any other
qrralifiedpdr$.
13. Basicfor maintenanceactivities
l3.l A numher of observationsand checks shatl be made to provide a basisfor rnaintenanceactivities;tirese
include :
a] During rated speedoperation:
operaiion of atl mechanicalparts (any knocHng, abnormalnoise, excessivevibration, temperature
i-ise);
oil anclor water leaks;
iubricatingand cooling systems(levels,flttws,pressures, inlet and outlet temperatures);
gavemingsystems;
valuesset for the action oi sat'etydevices,ascomparedwith initial valtres;
power generation,aswell a.sfor no-load operation.
bi During transients:
maximur.r,mornentary sPeed;
iressure changein lube the lube oil pressuresystem.
t;rte to shut unit down;
unusuaiphenornena(any knocking, abnorrr,alnoise,excessive vibratiolt,leala, etc.).
c) At siandstiil :
p ressuies;
leveisand temperahrresof lubricatingoil;
closedpositionsof fuel purnp rack, ascomparedwith initial values.
it) Durin5lnraintenance inspectionsand dunng repairactivity :
Srear, darnageand cracks on othenrise inaccessibleparts, e.g., nt)edles,nozzlcs,seals,wearing
dngs,hearingsand linkage"
The sliut-down prior to regularinspection should be a full-load rejectiolt in order to check the regulating
rri€.chanism..
13.Z lt ls cgnvenient,for theseobservationsand checks,to follow a check list preparedbei'orehandfor tlie
paiticular upit and stating explicitly the fiequencyof theseobservationsand u'hat shallbe noted during diffe'
rent stages.
'$ihen shall be
carrying out the observationsindicated in Subclause 13.1, Itenr d ), the measurements
recordedoii sheeissimilar to thosein t\e Appendix to this guide.
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14. Restorationto optimurncondition

In the restorationactivity,two counesareopen,namely:
t o r eplac e p a rts ;
wor n o r d l rrra g e
to repairthern
Proceduresshould be clrosenwith due considerationto local conditions,purchaserrs
requirenrettts,
regu-
lationsand experience.
15. Re*tarting
Whenstartinga unit after overhaul,the samegeneralproceduremaybe followedasfortheinitialstart.
The results shall be contparerlwith tlrose of the original tests and the causesof any fundamentaldifferences
ascertained.