Pengertian Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk
menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan masih
berlanjut sampai sekarang atau telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa
lalu namun efeknya masih berlanjut.

Rumus Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “have” atau “has”, dan past
participle (verb-3). Have digunakan untuk I, you, dan plural subject seperti: plural
pronoun (seperti: they, we), plural noun (seperti: boys, men), dan compound
subject dengan kata hubung “and” (seperti: you and I, Tom and Jack);
sedangkan has untuk singular subject seperti: third person singular
pronoun (seperti: he, she, it) dan singular noun (seperti: Tom, man).
Past participle dibentuk dengan menambahkan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne
pada base form berupa regular verb. Pada base form berupa irregular verb,
bentuk past participletidak konsisten.
Berikut rumus present perfect tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif.
Contoh Present Perfect
Rumus Present Perfect Tense
Tense

kalimat positif (+)

I have read the book
S + auxiliary verb (have/has) + past participle
(verb-3)
He has left
kalimat negatif (-)
I have not read the book
S + auxiliary verb (have/has) + not + past
participle (verb-3)
He hasn’t left

kalimat interogatif (?) Have I read

the book
auxiliary verb (have/has) + S + past participle
(verb-3)
Has he left

Penggunaan

Kita telah mengetahui pengertian dan rumus present perfect tense. Untuk bisa
menggunakan dan mengenalinya dengan tepat, kita juga harus memahami
penggunaannya, yaitu sebagai berikut:

Penggunaan Contoh Kalimat

· We have lived in New York for three
years.
· She has studied in Melbourne since two
years ago.

Kedua kejadian tersebut dimulai pada masa

a) Untuk menjelaskan suatu
kejadian yang dimulai pada masa
lampau (past) dan masih berlanjut
sampai sekarang.
lampau dan masih berlanjut sampai
sekarang. Artinya, We masih tinggal di New
York dan She masih belajar di Melbourne
sampai saat ini.
Pengertian Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau.

Rumus Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) berupa kata kerja biasa
atau verb “to be”. Verb-2 merupakan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb) dengan
tambahan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne untuk regular verb atau bentuk yang tidak
konsisten pada irregular verb, sedangkan pada verb “to be”, verb-2
berupa was dan were.
Was yang merupakan singular verb digunakan pada singular
subject berupa singular noun(seperti: Andi, book, dan cat) dan singular
pronoun (seperti: I, she, he, dan it) kecuali “you”, sebaliknya were yang
merupakan plural verb digunakan pada plural subject berupa plural noun (seperti:
cats, people, books), plural pronoun (seperti: you, they, we, dan cats), compound
subject dengan kata hubung “and” (seperti: you and I, Andi and Susi), dan you.

Tabel Contoh Verb-2

S bare infinitive verb-2

study studied

I / you / she / he / they / we / Andi / people /

you and I / Andi and Susi buy bought
it break broke

I / she / he / it / Andi be was

you/ they / we / people / you and I / Andi and

Susi be were

Berikut rumus simple past tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan
interogatif.
· Subject + did not + infinitive
verb + object · We did not attend the festival
· Subject + was/were + not + last week
Negatif adjective/adverb · She was not absent
(-) yesterday
· Did + subject + infinitive verb
+ object? · Did they attend the festival
· Was/were + subject + last week?
Interrogative adjective/adverb? · Was she absent yesterday?
(?)
Penggunaan
Kita telah mengetahui pengertian dan formula dari simple past tense. Untuk
bisa menggunakan dan mengenalinya dengan tepat, kita juga harus
memahami penggunaannya, yaitu sebagai berikut:

Penggunaan Contoh Kalimat

· I met my husband in 2014
· We visited Sydney for our honeymoon

· The plane did not take off that day

a) Untuk menjelaskan suatu Semua perisitiwa tersebut terjadi pada

kejadian yang terjadi pada suatu suatu waktu pasti di masa lampau.
waktu pasti di masa lampau
 BIOGRAFI KIHAJAR DEWANTARA

Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat was born in Yogyakarta on May 2 nd 1889.

He came from Pakualaman family, the son of GPH Soerjaningrat, grandson of
Pakualam III and grew up in a family of Yogyakarta Kingdom.
Then, in 1922 when he was 40 years old (according to the count of Caka Year),
Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat changed his name to Ki Hadjar Dewantara.
Since that time, he was no longer using a knighthood in front of his name. Based
on the Indonesian spelling in since 1972, its name is misspelled as Ki Hajar
Dewantara.
Ki Hajar Dewantara ever studied at Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) at the
Dutch colonial era it is an elementary school in Indonesia.
After graduating from ELS, then he went to STOVIA (Bumiputera Medical
School) is a school for the education of indigenous doctors in Batavia in the
Dutch colonial era. This time it became the Faculty of Medicine, University of
Indonesia. Although he did not could not complete his education because of
illness.
Ki Hajar Dewantara worked as a writer and journalist in various newspapers,
such as: Tjahaja Timoer, Midden Java, De Expres, Sediotomo, Kaoem Moeda,
Poesara, and Oetoesan Indies. His writing is very communicative and brave with
anti-colonial spirit.
Besides work as a writer, he is also active in social and political organizations.
Since 1908, the beginning of the Boedi Utomo (BO), he was active in the
propaganda section to socialize and Indonesian public awareness about the
importance of a sense of unity in the nation.
Not only that, it turns Ki Hajar Dewantara also known as a prominent pioneer of
education for the natives of Indonesia from the Dutch colonial era.
In fact, he managed to establish a school of the National University Student Park
(National Institute of Taman Siswa Onderwijs) on July 3rd 1922.
At first the Dutch colonial government attempted to deter his plan. Dutch
government issued a Wild School Ordinance on October 1st 1932. However,
because of his persistence and struggle, the ordinance was finally lifted.
The college emphasizes a sense of nationality to indigenous education so that
they love the nation and homeland and fight for independence.
Ki Hajar Dewantara’s been appointed as Minister of Teaching Indonesia referred
to as the Minister of Education, Teaching and Culture in the cabinet of the first
Republic of Indonesia.
For his service pioneered education in Indonesia, in 1957 he received an
honorary doctorate (doctor honoris causa, Dr.H.C.) of the University of Gadjah
Mada (UGM).
Finally, he was declared as Father of National Education of Indonesia, as well as
his birth day serves as National Education Day.
Ki Hajar Dewantara died on 26th April 1959 in Yogyakarta. He was buried at the
Taman Wijaya Brata, tombs for Taman Siswa’s family. His face was also
immortalized on the Indonesian currency denomination of old 20,000 rupiahs.