DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. ii

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 1

1.1 Latar belakang .............................................................................. 1

BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 3

2.1 Definisi ......................................................................................... 3
2.2 Klasifikasi Etiologi ..................................................................... 6
2.3 Patofisiologi. ................................................................................ 8
2.4 Pendekatan Diagnosis. ................................................................. 13
2.4.1 Pemeriksaan klinis.............................................................. 13
2.4.2 Pemeriksaan penunjang ...................................................... 14
2.4.3 Peranan penanda biologis ................................................... 16
2.5 Tatalaksana. .................................................................................. 17
2.5.1 Terapi nutrisi. ..................................................................... 18
2.5.2 Terapi farmakologi ............................................................. 19
2.5.3 Tatalaksana komplikasi ...................................................... 22
2.6 Prognosis. .................................................................................... 21
2.7 Komplikasi. ................................................................................. 25

BAB 3 KESIMPULAN. ................................................................................. 27

DAFTAR PUSTAKA. .................................................................................... 28

ii