SOAL PERHITUNGAN KUDA-KUDA BAJA

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
L = 5.00 m
Jarak kuda - kuda = 3.00 m
W = 25 kg/m2

Soal:
1. a. Mencari panjang batang pada gambar soal
b. Daftar tabel panjang batang

2. Perhitungan dimensi gording

a. Kontrol terhadap tegangan tarik
Akibat berat atap (tiap 1 meter)
Akibat berat sendiri gording
Akibat beban P
Akibat tekanan angin

3. Perhitungan dimensi batang Trackstang

4. Perhitungan pembebanan
a. Beban yang timbul akibat beban sendiri
Akibat berat sendiri atap
Akibat berat sendiri gording
Akibat berat sendiri kuda-kuda (G)
Akibat bracing
Akibat beban berguna (P)
Beban yang dipikul pada tumpuan kuda-kuda
b. Beban akibat angin
Akibat angin tekan
Akibat angin hisap
c. Beban akibat plafon

5. Mencari gaya batang grafis ( Metode Cremona )

a. Akibat pembebanan berat sendiri (G)
b. Akibat pembebanan Angin Kiri (W-Kiri)
c. Akibat pembebanan Angin Kanan (W-Kanan)
d. Akibat pembebanan Plafond (P)

6. Mencari gaya batang Analitis ( Metode Keseimbangan Titik Simpul )

a. Akibat pembebanan berat sendiri (G)
b. Akibat pembebanan Angin Kiri (W-Kiri)
c. Akibat pembebanan Angin Kanan (W-Kanan)
 d. Akibat pembebanan Plafond (P)

7. Jumlah komulatif gaya batang ( Tabel )

a. Metode chremona akibat gaya batang
b. Metode keseimbangan titik simpul akibat gaya batang
c. Rekap dan total gaya batang yang timbul akibat pembebanan

8. Perhitungan dimensi rangka batang kuda-kuda

a. Batang Miring ( Tarik/Tekan )
b. Batang Diagonal ( Tarik/Tekan )
c. Batang Horizontal ( Tarik/Tekan )

9. Perhitungan sambungan
a. Pada masing-masing titik simpul
1. A. MENCARI PANJANG BATANG
E
a2 a3

C G
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4

A b1 D b2 F b3 B
500.00

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
L = 5.00 m
Jarak kuda-kuda ( l ) = 3.00 m
W = 25 kg/m2

a. Batang a1 dan d1
cos 30 = a1 C
b1
a1 = b1 x cos 30 a1
= 1/3 L x cos 30
d1
= 1.667 x cos 30

a1 = 1.443 m A b1 D

sin 30 = d1
b1
d1 = sin 30 x b1
= sin 30 x 1.667
= 0.833 m

b. Batang a2 dan d2
cos 60 = d1
d2 a2
d2 = d1
cos 60 C
= 0.833
cos 60 60° d2
d2 = 1.667 m d1

D
 C

60° d2
d1

sin 60 = a2
D
d2
a2 = sin 60 x d2
= sin 60 x 1.667
= 1.443 m

Hasil Perhitungan:

a1 = a2 = a3 = a4 = 1.443 m
b1 = b2 = b3 = 1.667 m
d1 = d3 = 0.833 m
d2 = d4 = 1.667 m

B. DAFTAR TABEL PANJANG BATANG

E
a2 a3

C G
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4

A b1 D b2 F b3 B
500.00

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
L = 5.00 m
Jarak kuda-kuda ( l ) = 3.00 m
W = 25 kg/m2

Tabel hasil perhitungan panjang batang

No. Batang Panjang

1 a1 1.443
2 a2 1.443
3 a3 1.443
4 a4 1.443
5 b1 1.667
6 b2 1.667
 7 b3 1.667
8 d1 0.833
9 d2 1.667
10 d3 0.833
11 d4 1.667
 C
a1
d1

b1 D

a2

60° d2

D
 60° d2

G
a4
d4

b3 B
2. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI GORDING

500.00

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
L = 5.00 m
Jarak kuda-kuda ( l ) = 3.00 m
Jarak gording = 1.443 m
W = 25 kg/m2
Berat jenis kayu bengkirai = 910 kg/m2

Genteng Pelentong

Berat sendiri atap (qtq)

1.) Genteng = berat genteng x jumlah genteng
= 1.5 kg x 25 buah
= 37.50 kg/m²
2.) Reng 2/3 = dimensi reng x pjg reng x bj kayu bengkirai x jumlah
= ( 0.02 m x 0.03 m ) x 1 x 910 x 6
= 3.276 kg/m²
3.) Usuk 5/7 = dimensi usuk x pjg usuk x bj kayu bengkirai x jumlah
= ( 0.05 m x 0.07 m ) x 1 x 910 x 3
= 9.555 kg/m²

4.) Balok Bantalan 4/6 = dimensi bantalan x pjg bantalan x bj kayu bengkirai x
jumlah
= ( 0.040 m x 0.06 m ) x 910 x 1
= 2.184 kg/m²

5.) Paku (Usuk - Reng) = jumlah x bj paku

= 18 x 0.003
= 0.054 kg/m²

6.) Paku (Usuk - Bantalan) = jumlah x bj paku

= 3 x 0.003
= 0.009 kg/m²

7.) Paku (Bantalan - Gording) = jumlah x bj paku

= 2 x 0.03
= 0.06 kg/m²

Total berat sendiri atap = Genteng + Reng + Usuk + Balok Bantalan + Paku (Usuk - Reng) +
Paku (Usuk - Bantalan) + Paku (Bantalan - Gording)
= 37.500 + 3.276 + 9.555 + 2.184 + 0.054 +
0.009 + 0.06
= 52.638 kg/m²

a. Kontrol terhadap tegangan tarik

○ Akibat berat atap (tiap 1 meter)

Berat atap genteng = 52.638 kg/m²
q1 = Berat atap (genteng) x Jarak gording
= 52.638 kg/m² x 1.443 m
= 75.957 kg/m

qx1 = q1 x sin α
= 75.957 kg/m x sin 30
= 37.978 kg/m

qy1 = q1 x cos α
= 75.957 kg/m x cos 30
= 65.780 kg/m
- Momen
Mx1 = 1 x qx1 x ( l )² x 80 %
8 3

= 1 x 37.978 kg/m x ( 3 )² x 80 %
8 3

= 3.79783 kgm

My1 = 1 x qy1 x ( l )² x 80 %
8

= 1 x 65.780 kg/m x ( 3 )² x 80 %
8

= 59.202 kgm

○ Akibat berat sendiri gording

Profil C 100 x 50 x 20 x 4.0 … ( Tabel Kanal Baja )

q2 = Berat gording
= 6.710 kg/m

qx2 = q2 x sin α
100

4
= 6.710 kg/m x sin 30
= 3.355 kg
20

50
 4

20
qy2 = q2 x cos α
50
= 6.710 kg x cos 30
= 5.811 kg
 Momen yang timbul Mmax

Mx2 = 80 % x ( 1 x qx2 x ( l )² )
8 3

= 80 % x ( 1 x 3.355 kg ( 3 )² )
8 3

= 0.3355 kgm

My2 = 80 % x ( 1 x qy2 x ( l )² )
8

= 80 % x ( 1 x 5.811 kg x ( 3 )² )
8

= 5.2299 kgm

○ Akibat beban P (Beban Hidup)

P = 100 kg

Px3 = P x sin α
= 100 kg x sin 30
= 50 kg

Py3 = P x cos α
= 100 kg x cos 30
= 86.603 kg

Momen
Mx3 = 1 x Px3 x ( l ) x 80 %
4 3

= 1 x 50 kg x ( 3 ) x 80 %
4 3

= 10 kgm

My3 = 1 x Py3 x ( l ) x 80 %
4

= 1 x 86.603 kg x ( 3 ) x 80 %
4
= 51.962 kgm
 ○ Akibat tekanan angin
w = 25 kg/m²

w' = ( 0.02 x α - 0.4 ) x w

= ( 0.02 x 30 - 0.4 ) x 25 kg/m²
= 5 kg/m²

wq = w' x Jarak Gording

= 5 kg/m² x 1.443 m
= 7.215 kg/m

wx4 = 0
wy4 = wq x cos α
= 7.215 kg/m x cos 30
= 6.248 kg/m

Momen yang timbul Mmax

Mx4 = 0
My4 = 80 % x ( 1 x wy4 x l² )
8

= 80 % x ( 1 x 6.248 x 3² )
8

= 5.624 kgm

Momen Kombinasi

Mx Total = Mx1 + Mx2 + Mx3 + Mx4

= 3.798 + 0.3355 + 10 + 0
= 14.133 kgm

My Total = My1 + My2 + My3 + My4

= 59.202 + 5.230 + 51.962 + 5.624
= 122.017 kgm

b. Kontrol terhadap tegangan ijin

Berdasarkan tabel C 100 x 50 x 20 x 4.0 didapat:

σ = 1600 kg/cm² Mx Total = 14.133 kgm

q = 6.71 kg = 1413.3 kgcm
Wx = 25.4 cm³
Wy = 9.13 cm³ My Total = 122.017 kgm
Ix = 127 cm⁴ = 12201.7 kgcm
Iy = 28.7 cm⁴
 Kontrol tegangan yang timbul terhadap tegangan ijin:

σ = Mx Total My Total
+
Wy Wx

= 1413.3332 kgcm 12201.732 kgcm

+
9.13 cm³ 25.4 cm³

= 154.801 kg/cm² + 480.383 kg/cm²

= 635.184 kg/cm²

Jadi σ < σ = 635.184 kg/cm² < 1600 kg/cm² "OKE"

c. Kontrol Terhadap Lendutan

Data yang ada adalah :
Jarak kuda-kuda ( l ) = 3.00 m = 300 cm
Modulus Elastisitas (E) = 2.1 x 10⁶ kg/cm²

○ Akibat beban atap (tiap 1 meter)

qx1 = 37.978 kg/m = 0.380 kg/cm

qy1 = 65.780 kg/m = 0.658 kg/cm

l
5 x ( qx1 x ( )⁴)
fx1 = 3
384 E x Iy

300
5 x ( 0.380 x ( )⁴)
= 3
384 2.1 x 10⁶ x 28.7

37978317
5 x ( )
= 60270000
384

= 0.0082 cm

5 qy1 x l⁴
fy1 = x ( )
384 E x Ix

= 5 0.658 x 300 ⁴
x ( )
384 2.1 x 10⁶ x 127
 = 5 5328210345.0265
x ( )
384 266700000

= 0.260134 cm

○ Akibat berat sendiri gording

qx2 = 3.355 kg/m = 0.03355 kg/cm

qy2 = 5.8110305 kg/m = 0.058 kg/cm

l
5 x ( qx2 x ( )⁴)
fx2 = 3
384 E x Iy

300
5 x ( 0.0336 x ( )⁴)
= 3
384 2.1 x 10⁶ x 28.7

3355000
5 x ( )
= 60270000
384

= 0.000725 cm

5 qy2 x l⁴
fy2 = x ( )
384 E x Ix

= 5 0.058 x 300 ⁴
x ( )
384 2.1 x 10⁶ x 127

= 5 470693467.21088
x ( )
384 266700000

= 0.0229802069 cm

○ Akibat beban P

Px3 = 50 kg
Py3 = 86.603 kg

1 l
fx3 = x (Px3 x ( )³ )
fx3 = x (Px3 x ( )³ )
48 3
E x Iy
 = 1 300
x ( 50 x ( )³ )
48 3
2.1 x 10⁶ x 28.7

= 1 50000000
x ( )
48 60270000

= 0.0172833361 cm

1 Py3 x l³
fy3 = x ( )
48 E x Ix

1 86.603 x 300 ³
= x ( )
48 2.1 x 10⁶ x 127

1 2338268590
= x ( )
48 266700000

= 0.1826544018 cm

○ Akibat beban angin

wx4 = 0
wy4 = 6.248 kg/m = 0.0625 kg/cm

fx4 = 0

5 wy4 x l⁴
fy4 = x ( )
384 E x Ix

5 0.0625 x 300 ⁴
fy4 = x ( )
384 2.1 x 10⁶ x 127

5 506118236.352683
fy4 = x ( )
384 266700000

fy4 = 0.0247097 cm
Kombinasi Lendutan

fx total = fx1 + fx2 + fx3 + fx4

= 0.0082 + 0.000725 + 0.0173 + 0
= 0.0262 cm

fy total = fy1 + fy2 + fy3 + fy4

= 0.260134 + 0.022980 + 0.1827 + 0.025
= 0.4905 cm

Lendutan Ijin

Dalam perencanaan kuda-kuda rangka baja ini direncanakan:

1
= x l … ( Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 200 )
360

1
= x 300
360

= 0.8333

Kontrol lendutan terhadap tegangan ijin

Kl = √ ( fx total ) ² + ( fy total ) ²
= √ 0.0262 ² + 0.49048 ²
= 0.49118 cm

Kl = 0.49118 cm < 0.8333 cm … "OKE"

3. PERHITUNGAN BATANG TRACKSTANG
E
a2 a3

C G
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4

A b1 D b2 F b3 B
500.00

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
L = 5.00 m
Jarak kuda-kuda ( l ) = 3.00 m
W = 25 kg/m2

○ Perhitungan beban yang timbul

Qx = qx1 + qx2
= 37.9783 kg/m + 3.355 kg
= 41.333 kg/m

Px3 = 50 kg

P Total = ( Qx x Jarak kuda-kuda ) + Px3

= ( 41.333 x 3.00 ) + 50
= 174.000 kg

Batang Trackstang

Gording

dalam 1 meter, terdiri dari

2 batang trackstang dan 3 segmen
○ Menghitung beban yang timbul

Persegmen panjang gording

P Segmen = P Total : 2
= 174.000 kg : 2
= 87 kg

○ Menghitung luas batang trackstang berdasarkan kombinasi lendutan

σ = 1600 kg/cm²

○ Menghitung luas bersih (Fn) batang trackstang

σ = P : Fn

Fn = P : σ
= 87 kg : 1600 kg/cm²
= 0.054 cm²

○ Menghitung luas yang dibutuhkan (Fbr) batang trackstang

Fbr = 125 % x Fn
= 125 % x 0.054 cm²
= 0.0680 cm²

1
Fbr = x π x φ²
4

1
0.06797 = x 3.14 x φ²
4

1
φ² = 0.06797 : x 3.14
4

φ² = 0.08658 cm
φ = 0.29425 cm
φ = 2.94252 mm
φ = 2.9 mm

Karena hasil perhitungan adalah 2,9 mm tetapi di pasaran ukuran yang tersedia
di pasaran minimal 10 mm, maka akan diambil ukuran 10 mm.
4. PERHITUNGAN PEMBEBANAN
E
a2 a3

C G
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4

A b1 D b2 F b3 B
500.00

Data yang ada adalah:

α = 30 °
Beban Hidup (P) = 100 kg
Beban Genteng = 52.638 kg/m²
Tekanan Angin = 25 kg/m²
Jarak Kuda-kuda = 3.00 m
Jarak Gording = 1.443 m
L Kuda-kuda = 5.00 m

a. Beban yang timbul akibat beban sendiri

○ Akibat beban sendiri atap
P = Berat atap genteng x Jarak gording x Jarak kuda-kuda
= 52.638 kg/m² x 1.443 m x 3.00 m
= 227.870 kg

○ Akibat beban sendiri gording

Profil = C 100 x 50 x 20 x 4.0
qy2 = 5.811 kg/m

P = qy2 x Jarak Kuda-kuda

= 5.811 kg/m x 3.00 m
= 17.433 kg

○ Akibat beban sendiri kuda-kuda (G)

P = (L Kuda-kuda - 2) s/d (L Kuda-kuda + 5)
= 3.00 s/d 10.00

Diambil yang maksimal = 10.00 kg/m²

Untuk ƩP = 5P (Pembebanan)

Bs. Kuda-kuda = P maks. x Jarak Kuda-kuda x L Kuda-kuda

 ƩP - 1

= 10.00 x 3.00 x 5.00

4

= 37.500 kg
 ○ Akibat Bracing
Bs Bracing = 25 % x Bs. Kuda-kuda
= 25 % x 37.500 kg
= 9.375 kg

G G

1 1
2 G 2 G

500.00

○ Beban yang dipikul pada tumpuan kuda-kuda

Jumlah beban G
Beban Hidup (P) = 100 kg
Akibat beban sendiri atap = 227.870 kg
Akibat beban sendiri gording = 17.433 kg
Akibat beban sendiri kuda-kuda (G) = 37.500 kg
Akibat Bracing = 9.375 kg
+

G = 392.178 kg

○ Beban G yang bekerja pada tumpuan perletakan

1 1
G = x 392.178 kg
2 2

= 196.089 kg

○ Beban yang bekerja pada seluruh atap

ƩG = 3 Joint + 2 Perletakan
= ( 3 x 392.178 ) + ( 2 x 196.089
= 1176.534 + 392.178
= 1568.712 kg
 ○ Beban yang bekerja pada tumpuan perletakan (RA dan RG)

RA = RB = ƩG
2

= 1568.712
2
= 784.356 kg

b. Akibat beban angin

w = 25 kg/m²

○ Akibat angin tekan

Cq = ( 0.02 α - 0.4 )
= ( 0.02 30 - 0.4 )
= 0.200 kg

○ Besar angin tekan

Ʃw = Cq x w x Jarak Kuda-kuda x Panjang sisi miring
= 0.200 x 25 x 3.00 x 2.886
= 43.290 kg

○ Besar angin tekan pada joint satu sisi miring

1
Wt Joint = x Ʃ w
2

1
= x 43.290 kg
2

= 21.645 kg

○ Besar angin tekan pada tumpukan perletakan

1
Wt Tump. = x Wt Joint
2

1
= x 21.645 kg
2

= 10.823 kg

2W

1W
2

500.00
 w

1W
2

500.00
○ Akibat angin hisap
Ʃw = Cw x w x Jarak Kuda-kuda x Panjang sisi miring
= 0.4 x 25 x 3.00 x 2.886
= 86.580 kg

○ Beban angin hisap pada joint satu sisi miring

1
Wh Joint = x Ʃ w
2

1
= x 86.580 kg
2

= 43.290 kg

○ Beban angin hisap pada tumpukan perletakan

1
Wh Tump. = x Wh Joint
2

1
= x 43.290 kg
2

= 21.645 kg
2W

1W
2

500.00

W
2
1
2W
w w

1W
2
1
2W

500.00

W
2
1
2W
w w

1
2W
1
2W
 W
2
1
2W
w w

1
2W
1
2W

500.00
 c. Akibat Plafond

Beban plafond = 18 kg/m²

○ Gaya yang bekerja pada atap

P = Beban plafond x Jarak kuda-kuda x L Kuda-kuda
= 18 kg/m² x 3.00 m x 5.00 m
= 270.00 kg

○ Beban plafond yang bekerja pada joint sisi miring

P = P
ƩP

= 270.00
3
= 90.00 kg

○ Beban yang bekerja pada tumpuan perletakan

1 1
P = x P
2 2

1
= x 90.00 kg
2

= 45.00 kg

1 1
2 P 2 P
P P

REKAPITULASI BEBAN

○ Beban Hidup Joint = 100 kg

Beban Hidup Tumpuan = 50 kg

○ Beban Mati Joint = 392.178 kg

Beban Mati Tumpuan = 196.089 kg
○ Beban Palfond Joint = 90 kg
Beban Plafond Tumpuan = 45 kg
○ Beban Angin Joint
Angin Tekan (W)
H = Wjoint x sin α = 21.645 x sin 30 = 10.823 kg
V = Wjoint x cos α = 21.645 x cos 30 = 18.745 kg
Angin Hisap (W')
H = Whisap x sin α = 43.290 x sin 30 = 21.645 kg
V = Whisap x cos α = 43.290 x cos 30 = 37.490 kg

○ Beban Angin Tumpuan

Angin Tekan (W)
H = Wtump x sin α = 10.823 x sin 30 = 5.411 kg
V = Wtump x cos α = 10.823 x cos 30 = 9.373 kg
Angin Hisap (W')
H = Whisap x sin α = 21.645 x sin 30 = 10.823 kg
V = Whisap x cos α = 21.645 x cos 30 = 18.745 kg
kuda-kuda
)
1
2 P
6. PERHITUNGAN ANALITIS
a. BEBAN G

P3=392,18 kg

E P4=392,18 kg
P2=392,18 kg
a2 a3

C G
P1=196,09 kg P5=196,09 kg
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4

b1 D b2 F b3
A B
500.000

BEBAN G
RAV = RPV = 784.356 kg (poin 4)

beban G joint = 392.178 kg

beban G tump = 196.089 kg

TITIK A

a1 ∑H=0
b1 + a1 cos 30 = 0
P1 b1 + a1 0.866 = 0
b1 + -1018.9083 = 0
H
b1 = 1018.908 Kg
b1
RA Tarik

∑V=0
RAV - P1 + ( a1 x sin 30 ) = 0
784.356 - 196.089 + ( a1 0.5 )= 0
588.267 + a1 0.5 = 0
a1 0.5 = -588
a1 = -1176.534 Kg
Tekan
 TITIK C
∑V=0
- d1 cos 30 - a1 sin 30 - P2 + a2 sin 30 = 0
- d1 0.866 -588.267 - 392.178 + 490.222 = 0
- d1 0.866 = -294.13
d1 = -339.636 Kg
V P2
Tekan H
a2

∑H=0
a1 + P1 sin 30 + a2 = 0
a1
-1176.534 + 196.088997 + a2 = 0
a2 = 980.445 d1
a2 = -980.445 Kg
Tekan

TITIK D

V
∑V=0
d1 d2
d1 cos 30 + d2 sin 60 = 0
-294.133 + d2 0.866 = 0
d2 0.866 = 294.133
d2 = 339.636
b1 b2 d2 = -339.636 Kg
Tekan
∑H=0
- b1 + b2 + d1 sin 30 + d2 sin 30 = 0
-1018.9 + b2 + 169.818 + 169.818 = 0
b2 = 679.272 Kg
Tarik

Karena bentuk kuda-kuda yang simetris maka:

a1,a4 = -1176.534 kg
a2,a3 = -980.445 kg
b1,b3 = 1018.908 kg
b2 = 679.272 kg
d1,d4 = -339.636 kg
d2,d3 = -339.636 kg
b. BEBAN PLAFON

E
a2 a3

C G
a1 a4
d2 d3
d1 d4
A B
b1 D b2 F b3

P1=45 kg P4=45 kg
P2=90 kg P3=90 kg
500.000

Plafon joint = 90 kg
Plafon tump = 45 kg
Reaksi tumpuan = 270 = 135 kg
2

TITIK A
∑V=0
Rav - P1 + a1 sin 30 = 0
135 - 45 + a1 0.5 = 0
a1 0.5 = -90
a1 = -180.00 kg
Tekan

∑H=0
b1 + a1 cos 30 = 0
b1 + -155.885 = 0
b1 = 155.885 kg
Tarik

TITIK C
∑V=0
a1 sin 30 + a2 sin 30 - d1 cos 30 = 0
-90 + a2 0.5 - d1 cos 30 = 0
-90 + 90 - d1 0.866 = 0
- d1 0.866 = 0
d1 = 0 kg
 ∑H=0
a1 cos 30 + a2 cos 30 = 0
-155.885 + a2 0.866 = 0
- a2 0.866 = 155.8846
- a2 = 180
a2 = -180.00 kg
Tekan
TITIK D
∑V=0
b1 cos 30 - P2 + d2 sin 60 = 0
0 - 90 + d2 0.8660 = 0
d2 0.8660 = 90
d2 = 103.923 kg
Tekan

∑H=0
b1 + b2 - d1 sin 30 = 0
155.8846 + b2 - 51.962 = 0
b2 = 103.923 kg
Tarik

Karena bentuk kuda-kuda yang simetris maka:

a1,a2,a3,a4 = -180.000 kg
b1,b3 = 155.885 kg
b2 = 103.923 kg
d1,d4 = 0 kg
d2,d3 = 103.923 kg
c. BEBAN ANGIN KIRI

W3=10,823 kg W3'=21,645 kg

W2=21,645 kg E W2'=43,290 kg

a2 a3

C G
W1=10,823 kg a1 a4 W1'=21,645 kg
d2 d3
d1 d4

b1 D b2 F b3

A B
500.000

w1=w3 = 10.823 kg w'1=w'3 = 21.645 kg

wtx = wt x sin 30 wtx = wt x sin 30
= 10.823 x 0.50 = 21.645 x 0.50
= 5.412 kg = 10.823 kg

wty = wt x cos 30 wty = wt x cos 30

= 10.823 x 0.866 = 21.645 x 0.866
= 9.373 kg = 18.745 kg

w2 = 21.645 kg w'2 = 43.290 kg

wjx = wj x sin 30 wjx = wj x sin 30
= 21.645 x 0.50 = 43.290 x 0.50
= 10.823 kg = 21.645 kg

wjy = wj x cos 30 wjy = wj x cos 30

= 21.645 x 0.866 = 43.290 x 0.866
= 18.745 kg = 37.490 kg

ƩMB = 0

RA.5 - w1y.5 - w2y.3,75 - w3y.2,5 + w'3y.2,5 + w'2y.1,25 +

w2x.0,722 + w3x. 1,433 + w'3x.1,433 + w'2x. 0,722 = 0

RA 5 - 46.86496 - 70.2942 - 23.43248 + 46.8628 + 46.8628 +

7.813845 + 7.75468 + 15.50864 + 15.62769 = 0
 RA 5 - 140.5916 + 140.4305 = 0
RA 5 = -0.16119
RA = -0.03224 kg
RA = 0 kg

ƩMA = 0

RB.5 - w'1y.5 - w'2y.3,75 - w'3y.2,5 + w3y.2,5 + w2y.1,25 +

w'2x.0,722 + w'3x. 1,433 + w3x.1,433 + w2x. 0,722 = 0

RB 5 - 93.7256 - 140.5884 - 46.8628 + 23.43248 + 23.4314 +

15.62769 + 15.50864 + 7.75468 + 7.813845 = 0

RB 5 - 281.1768 + 93.56874 = 0
RB 5 = 187.6081
RB = 37.52161 kg

Kontrol

∑V=0
37.48937 - ( RA + RB ) = 0
37.489 - 37.489 = 0
0 = 0 " OK "

Reaksi Horizontal

RAH + w1x + w2x + w3x + w'1x + w'2x + w'3x = 0

RAH + 5.4115 + 10.823 + 5.4115 + 10.823 + 21.645 +

10.823 = 0

RAH + 64.936 = 0
RAH = -64.9355 kg
Kontrol

∑H=0
64.936 + -64.9355 = 0
0 = 0 " OK "

TITIK A
∑V=0
a1 sin 30 - w1y + RAV = 0
a1 0.5 - 9.373 + 0 = 0
a1 0.5 = 9.373
a1 = 18.746 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
b1 + w1x + RAH + a1 cos 30 = 0
b1 + 5.412 + -64.9355 + 16.235 = 0
b1 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
TITIK C
∑V=0
w2 + d1 = 0
21.645 + d1 = 0
d1 = -21.645 kg
Tekan
∑H=0
a1 + a2 = 0
18.746 + a2 = 0
a2 = 18.746 kg
Tarik

TITIK D
∑V=0
d1 cos 30 - d2 cos 30 = 0
-18.745 - d2 0.866 = 0
- d2 0.866 = 18.74512
d2 = 21.645 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
- b1 + b2 + d1 sin 30 + d2 sin 30 = 0
-43.290 + b2 + -14.762 + 14.762 = 0
b2 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
TITIK E

∑V=0
w3 + w'3 sin 30 - d2 sin 30 + a3 cos 30 + d3 = 0
-10.823 + 10.823 - 10.823 + 32.469 d3 = 0
d3 = 43.291
d3 = -43.291 kg
Tekan
∑H=0
- a2 + d2 cos 30 + w'3 cos 30 + a3 sin 30 = 0
18.746 + -18.745 + 18.745 + a3 0.50 = 0
a3 0.50 = 18.746
a3 = 37.492 kg
Tarik
TITIK F
∑V=0
d4 cos 30 + d3 cos 30 = 0
d4 0.866 + -37.491 = 0
d4 = 43.291
d4 = 43.291 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
-b2 + b3 + d3 sin 30 + d4 sin 30 = 0
-43.290 + b3 + 21.6455 + -21.6455 = 0
b3 = -43.290 kg
Tekan
TITIK G
∑V=0
w'2 + d4 = 0
43.290 + d4 = 0
d4 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
a3 + a4 = 0
37.492 + a4 = 0
a4 = 37.492 kg
Tarik
d. BEBAN ANGIN KANAN

W3'=21,645 kg W3=10,823 kg

W2'=43,290 kg E W2=21,645 kg
a2 a3

C G
W1'=21,65 kg a1 a4 W1=10,823 kg
d2 d3
d1 d4

b1 D b2 F b3
A B
500.000

w1=w3 = 10.823 kg w'1=w'3 = 21.645 kg

wtx = wt x sin 30 wtx = wt x sin 30
= 10.823 x 0.50 = 21.645 x 0.50
= 5.412 kg = 10.823 kg

wty = wt x cos 30 wty = wt x cos 30

= 10.823 x 0.866 = 21.645 x 0.866
= 9.373 kg = 18.745 kg

w2 = 21.645 kg w'2 = 43.290 kg

wjx = wj x sin 30 wjx = wj x sin 30
= 21.645 x 0.50 = 43.290 x 0.50
= 10.823 kg = 21.645 kg

wjy = wj x cos 30 wjy = wj x cos 30

= 21.645 x 0.866 = 43.290 x 0.866
= 18.745 kg = 37.490 kg

ƩMA = 0

RB.5 - w1y.5 - w2y.3,75 - w3y.2,5 + w'3y.2,5 + w'2y.1,25 +

w2x.0,722 + w3x. 1,433 + w'3x.1,433 + w'2x. 0,722 = 0

RB 5 - 46.86496 - 70.2942 - 23.43248 + 46.8628 + 46.8628 +

7.813845 + 7.75468 + 15.50864 + 15.62769 = 0
 RB 5 - 140.5916 + 140.4305 = 0
RB 5 = -0.16119
RB = -0.03224 kg
RB = 0 kg

ƩMB = 0

RA.5 - w'1y.5 - w'2y.3,75 - w'3y.2,5 + w3y.2,5 + w2y.1,25 +

w'2x.0,722 + w'3x. 1,433 + w3x.1,433 + w2x. 0,722 = 0

RA 5 - 93.7256 - 140.5884 - 46.8628 + 23.43248 + 23.4314 +

15.62769 + 15.50864 + 7.75468 + 7.813845 = 0

RA 5 - 281.1768 + 93.56874 = 0
RA 5 = 187.6081
RA = 37.52161 kg

Kontrol

∑V=0
37.48937 - ( RA + RB ) = 0
37.489 - 37.489 = 0
0 = 0 " OK "

Reaksi Horizontal

RBH + w1x + w2x + w3x + w'1x + w'2x + w'3x = 0

RBH + 5.4115 + 10.823 + 5.4115 + 10.823 + 21.645 +

10.823 = 0

RBH + 64.936 = 0
RBH = -64.9355 kg

Kontrol

∑H=0
64.936 + -64.9355 = 0
0 = 0 " OK "
TITIK B
∑V=0
a4 sin 30 - w1y + RBV = 0
a4 0.5 - 9.373 + 0 = 0
a4 0.5 = 9.373
a4 = 18.746 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
b3 + w1x + RBH + a4 cos 30 = 0
b3 + 5.412 + -64.9355 + 16.235 = 0
b3 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
TITIK G
∑V=0
w2 + d4 = 0
21.645 + d4 = 0
d4 = -21.645 kg
Tekan
∑H=0
a4 + a3 = 0
18.746 + a3 = 0
a3 = 18.746 kg
Tarik

TITIK F
∑V=0
d4 cos 30 - d3 cos 30 = 0
-18.745 - d3 0.866 = 0
- d3 0.866 = 18.74512
d3 = 21.645 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
- b3 + b2 + d3 sin 30 + d4 sin 30 = 0
-43.290 + b2 + -14.762 + 14.762 = 0
b2 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
TITIK E

∑V=0
w3 + w'3 sin 30 - d3 sin 30 + a2 cos 30 + d2 = 0
-10.823 + 10.823 - 10.823 + 32.469 d2 = 0
d2 = -43.291
d2 = -43.291 kg
Tekan
∑H=0
 - a3 + d3 cos 30 + w'3 cos 30 + a2 sin 30 = 0
18.746 + -18.745 + 18.745 + a2 0.50 = 0
a2 0.50 = 18.746
a2 = 37.492 kg
Tarik
TITIK D
∑V=0
d1 cos 30 + d2 cos 30 = 0
d1 0.866 + -37.491 = 0
d1 = 43.291
d1 = 43.291 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
-b2 + b1 + d2 sin 30 + d1 sin 30 = 0
-43.290 + b1 + 21.6455 + -21.6455 = 0
b1 = -43.290 kg
Tekan
TITIK G
∑V=0
w'2 + d1 = 0
43.290 + d1 = 0
d1 = 43.290 kg
Tarik
∑H=0
a2 + a1 = 0
37.492 + a1 = 0
a1 = 37.492 kg
Tarik
7. TABEL REKAP

CREMONA (Kg)
No. Batang Beban G Angin Kiri Angin Kanan Plafond
Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan
1 a1 - 1176.534 18.746 - 37.492 - - 180.0
2 a2 - 980.445 18.746 - 37.492 - - 180.0
3 a3 - 980.445 37.492 - 18.746 - - 180.0
4 a4 - 1176.534 37.492 - 18.746 - - 180.0
5 b1 1018.908 - 43.290 - - 43.290 155.885 -
6 b2 679.272 - 43.290 - 43.290 - 103.923 -
7 b3 1018.908 - - 43.290 43.290 - 155.885 -
8 d1 - 339.636 - 21.645 43.289 - 0 -
9 d2 - 339.636 21.645 - - 43.289 103.923 -
10 d3 - 339.636 - 43.289 21.645 - 103.923 -
11 d4 - 339.636 43.289 - - 21.645 0 -

ANALITIS (Kg)
No. Batang Beban G Angin Kiri Angin Kanan Plafond
Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan
1 a1 - 1176.53 18.746 - 37.492 - - 180.
2 a2 - 980.44 18.746 - 37.492 - - 180.
3 a3 - 980.44 37.492 - 18.746 - - 180.
4 a4 - 1176.53 37.492 - 18.746 - - 180.
5 b1 1018.91 - 43.290 - - 43.290 155.88 -
6 b2 679.27 - 43.290 - 43.290 - 103.92 -
7 b3 1018.91 - - 43.290 43.290 - 155.88 -
8 d1 - 339.64 - 21.645 43.291 - 0 -
9 d2 - 339.64 21.645 - - 43.291 103.92 -
10 d3 - 339.64 - 43.291 21.645 - 103.92 -
11 d4 - 339.64 43.291 - - 21.645 0 -

CREMONA ANALITIS Total Gaya Maksimal yang

No. Batang
diambil (Kg)
Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan
1 a1 56.238 1356.534 56.24 1356.53
2 a2 56.238 1160.445 56.24 1160.44 1356.53
3 a3 56.238 1160.445 56.24 1160.44 (Tekan)
4 a4 56.238 1356.534 56.24 1356.53
5 b1 1218.082 43.290 1218.08 43.29 1218.08
 6 b2 869.774 - 869.77 -
7 b3 1218.082 43.290 1218.08 43.29 (Tarik)
8 d1 43.289 361.281 43.29 361.28
9 d2 125.568 382.927 125.57 382.93 382.93
10 d3 125.568 382.927 125.57 382.93 (Tekan)
11 d4 43.289 361.281 43.29 361.28
Plafond
Tekan
180.000
180.000
180.000
180.000
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Plafond
Tekan
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI GAYA BATANG KUDA-KUDA

a. Batang Miring (a)

Batang miring a1-a4
P maks. = 1357 Kg (Tekan)
= 1.357 Ton
Ls = Lk = 1.443 m … ( Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 230 )
= 144.34 cm
σ = 1600 Kg/m² … ( Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 342 )

l min = 1.69 x P maks. x lk² … ( Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 229 )

= 1.69 x 1.357 x 1.443 ²
= 4.776 cm⁴

l profil = 4.776 : 2
= 2.388 cm⁴

Direncanakan:
L 40x40x6 … ( Tabel Baja Siku Sama kaki )
lx = 6.33 cm⁴ e = 1.2 cm
ly = 6.33 cm⁴ F = 4.48 cm⁴
lƞ = 2.67 cm⁴ l min = 1.19 cm

lƞ > l profil
2.67 > 2.388

Kontrol terhadap sumbu x

x = Lk : l min
x = 144.34 : 1.19
x = 121 λ

Dari tabel didapat α = 0.289 … ( Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 237-238 )

1
Wx =
α
1
Wx =
0.289
Wx = 3.4602

Wx x P maks.
σ =
F. Total
3.4602 x 1356.5
=
2 x 4.48
= 523.87 Kg/cm²

523.87 Kg/cm² < σ ijin = 1600 Kg/cm² ............ "KONSTRUKSI AMAN"

Kontrol terhadap sumbu y
Dipasang 4 buah plat kopel

Lk
l =
( 4 - 1 )
144.338 cm
l =
( 4 - 1 )
= 48.11 cm

Tebal plat kopel 10 mm = 1 cm

1
Eksentrisitas nol (eo) = x Tebal Plat + e
2
1
= x 1 + 1.2
2
= 0.5 + 1.2
= 1.700

ly = ( Ʃly ) + ( ƩF x ( eo )²)
= ( 2x 6.33 ) + ( 2x 4.48 x ( 1.700 )²)
= ( 12.7 ) + ( 25.894 )
= 38.554 cm⁴

ly
ly = √
F. Total
38.554
= √
2 x 4.48
= 2.074 cm

Lk
λy =
ly
= 144.34
2.074
= 70 λ

Dari tabel didapat α = 0.679

1
Wx =
0
1
=
0.679
= 1.473
 l untuk bangunan:
1 ( 4 - ( 3 x Wx x P maks. ))
l ≤ x λy
2 F. Total x σ ijin

1 ( 4 - ( 3 x 1.473 x 1356.53 ))
l ≤ x 70
2 2x 4.48 x 1600

l ≤ 34.791 x ( 4 - 0.418 )
l ≤ 124.619 cm

Karena l = 124.619
48.11 cm ≤ 124.619 cm .................. "KONSTRUKSI AMAN"

b. Batang Horizontal (b)

Batang b1-b3
P maks. = 1218.08 Kg (Tarik)
P
σ ijin =
Fn
P
Fn =
σ ijin
1218.08
=
1600
= 0.761 cm²

Fbr = Fn + ∆F
= 0.761 + ( 0.761 x 20 % )
= 0.9136 cm²

0.9136
Untuk 1 profil = = 0.4568 cm²
2
Menggunakan L 40x40x6 karena minimal baut 8mm
F = 4.48 cm²
P
σ =
F. Total
1218.08
=
2 x 4.48
= 135.947 Kg/cm²

135.947 Kg/cm² ≤ 1600 Kg/cm² ............ "KONSTRUKSI AMAN"

c. Batang Diagonal (d)
Batang miring d1-d4
P maks. = 382.93 Kg (Tekan)
= 0.383 Ton
Ls = Lk = 1.667 m
= 166.67 cm
σ = 1600 Kg/m²

l min = 1.69 x P maks. x lk²

= 1.69 x 0.383 x 1.667 ²
= 1.798 cm⁴

l profil = 1.798 : 2
= 0.899 cm⁴

Direncanakan:
L 40x40x6
lx = 6.33 cm⁴ e = 1.20 cm
ly = 6.33 cm⁴ F = 4.48 cm⁴
lƞ = 2.67 cm⁴ l min = 1.19 cm

lƞ > l profil
2.67 > 0.899

Kontrol terhadap sumbu x

x = Lk : l min
x = 166.67 : 1.19
x = 140 λ

Dari tabel didapat α = 0.216

1
Wx =
α
1
Wx =
0.216
Wx = 4.6296

Wx
x P maks.
σ =
F. Total
4.63 x 382.93
=
2 x 4.48
= 197.86 Kg/cm²

197.86 Kg/cm² < σ ijin = 1600 Kg/cm² ............ "KONSTRUKSI AMAN"

Kontrol terhadap sumbu y
Dipasang 4 buah plat kopel

Lk
l =
( 4 - 1 )

166.667
l =
( 4 - 1 )

= 55.556 cm

Tebal plat kopel 10 mm = 1 cm

1
Eksentrisitas nol (eo) = x Tebal Plat + e
2

1
= x 1 + 1.2
2

= 0.5 + 1.2
= 1.700

ly = ( Ʃly ) + ( ƩF x ( eo )²)
= ( 2x 6.33 ) + ( 2 x 4.48 x ( 1.700 )²)
= ( 12.7 ) + ( 25.894 )
= 38.554 cm⁴

ly
ly = √
F. Total
38.554
= √
2 x 4.480
= 2.074 cm

Lk
λy =
ly
166.67
=
2.07
= 80 λ

Dari tabel didapat α = 0.588

1
Wx =
0
1
=
0.588
= 1.701
 l untuk bangunan:
1 ( 4- ( 3 x Wx x P maks. ))
l ≤ x λy
2 F. Total x σ ijin

1 ( 4- ( 3 x 1.701 x 382.927 ))
l ≤ x 80.346
2 2 x 4.48 x 1600

l ≤ 40.173 x ( 4 - 0.136 )
l ≤ 155.218 cm

Karena l = 155.218
55.5556 cm ≤ 155.218 cm ............ "KONSTRUKSI AMAN"
9. PERHITUNGAN SAMBUNGAN

Dipakai baut d = 10 mm σ ijin = 1600 Kg/m²

= 1 cm

1
Ngsr = 2 x π x d² x σ ijin
4
1 ² … Buku Tenik
Ngsr = 2 x π x 1 x 0.58 x 1600
4 Sipil hal. 214
= 1457 Kg
N min = 1457 Kg
Ntp = d x s min x σ ijin
= 1 x 1 x 1.5 x 1600 … Buku Teknik Sipil hal. 215
= 2400 Kg

1. Titik Simpul A
a. Batang a1 ( P maks = 1356.53 Kg )
P
n =
N min
1356.5
n =
1457
= 0.9311
= 2 buah

b. Batang b1 ( P maks = 1218.08 Kg )

P
n =
N min
1218.1
n =
1457
= 0.836
= 2 buah

2. Titik Simpul C
a. Batang a2 ( P maks = 1356.53 Kg )
P
n =
N min
1356.5
n =
1457
= 0.9311
= 2 buah
 b. Batang d1 ( P maks = 382.93 Kg )
P
n =
N min
382.93
n =
1457
= 0.2628
= 2 buah

3. Titik Simpul D
a. Batang d1 ( P maks = 382.927 Kg )
P
n =
N min
382.93
n =
1457
= 0.2628
= 2 buah

b. Batang b2 ( P maks = 1218.08 Kg )

P
n =
N min
1218.1
n =
1457
= 0.836
= 2 buah

4. Titik Simpul E
a. Batang a3 ( P maks = 1356.53 Kg )
P
n =
N min
1356.5
n =
1457
= 0.9311
= 2 buah

b. Batang d2 ( P maks = 382.927 Kg )

P
n =
N min
382.93
n =
1457
= 0.2628
= 2 buah
5. Titik Simpul G
a. Batang d3 ( P maks = 382.927 Kg )
P
n =
N min
382.93
n =
1457
= 0.2628
= 2 buah

b. Batang b3 ( P maks = 1218.08 Kg )

P
n =
N min
1218.1
n =
1457
= 0.836
= 2 buah

6. Titik Simpul F
a. Batang a4 ( P maks = 1356.53 Kg )
P
n =
N min
1356.5
n =
1457
= 0.9311
= 2 buah

b. Batang d4 ( P maks = 382.927 Kg )

P
n =
N min
382.93
n =
1457
= 0.2628
= 2 buah