DAFTAR ISI

halaman
Halaman Judul ................................................................................................. i
Halaman Pengesahan ...................................................................................... ii
Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................ iii
Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................... iv
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................... vii
Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................. viii
Daftar Grafik.................................................................................................... x
Abstrak ............................................................................................................. xi

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................ 1

1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1

1.2 Tujuan Kegiatan ........................................................................................ 2
1.3 Manfaat Kerja Praktik ............................................................................... 3
1.4 Ruang Lingkup Kerja Praktik ................................................................... 3
1.4 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... 3

BAB 2 PROFIL PERUSAHAAN ................................................................... 5

2.1 Sejarah PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya ........................................................ 5

2.2 Lokasi Perusahaan.................................................................................... 5
2.3 Ruang Lingkup Penambangan Batubara .................................................. 7
2.4 Visi dan Misi ............................................................................................ 7

BAB 3 LANDASAN TEORI ........................................................................... 9

3.1 Definisi Air Limbah .................................................................................. 9

3.2 Karakteristik Air Pencemar ...................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Karakteristik Fisik..................................................................................... 11
3.2.2 Karakteristik Kimia................................................................................... 12
3.2.3 Logam Berat ............................................................................................. 16
3.3 Air Limbah Tambang Batubara ................................................................. 20
3.3.1 Air Asam Tambang ................................................................................... 20
3.3.2 Sumber Air Limbah Tambang Batubara ................................................... 25
3.3.3 Baku Mutu Air Limbah Tambang Batubara ............................................. 26

BAB 4 TUGAS PRAKTIK KERJA LAPANGAN........................................ 35

4.1 Deskripsi Pelaksanaan Praktik Kerja Lapangan ....................................... 35

4.2 Pelaksanaan Kegiatan ............................................................................... 35
4.2.1 Unit Pengolahan Air Buangan Tambang Batubara ................................... 35
4.2.2 Profil Settling Pond ................................................................................... 37
4.2.2.1 MSWP 1 ................................................................................................ 38
4.2.2.2 MSWP 2 ................................................................................................ 39
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4.2.2.3 MSWP 5 .............................................................................................. 40
4.2.2.4 MSWP 11 ............................................................................................ 40
4.2.2.5 MSWP 15 ............................................................................................ 41
4.2.2.6 MSWP 16 ............................................................................................ 42
4.2.2.7 MSWP 18 ............................................................................................ 43
4.2.2.8 MSWP 19 ............................................................................................ 44
4.2.2.9 MSWP 20 ............................................................................................ 45
4.2.2.10 MSWP 21............................................................................................. 45
4.2.2.11 MSWP 28............................................................................................. 46
4.2.2.12 MSWP 29............................................................................................. 47
4.2.2.13 MSWP 30............................................................................................. 48
4.2.3 Tawas dan Kapur sebagai Bahan Chemical untuk Pengolahan Air Limbah
............................................................................................................ 49
4.3 Pemantauan Kualitas Air Limbah ............................................................. 50
4.3.1 Pemantauan Kualitas Air Limbah Harian ................................................. 51
4.3.3.1 Data Pemantauan Harian pH Air pada Settling Pond ............................ 53
4.3.3.2 Data Pemantauan Harian TSS Air pada Settling Pond .......................... 57
4.3.3.3 Data Pemantauan Harian Debit Air pada Settling Pond ........................ 59
4.3.2 Pemantauan Kualitas Air Limbah Bulanan .............................................. 60
4.4 Perhitungan Beban Pencemar .................................................................... 62
4.4.1 Nilai Beban Pencemar TSS MSWP 21 ..................................................... 62
4.4.2 Nilai Beban Pencemar Fe MSWP 21 ........................................................ 63
4.4.3 Nilai Beban Pencemar Mn MSWP 21 ...................................................... 63
4.5 Teknik Penentuan Dosis Optimum ............................................................ 67
4.5.1 Skala Laboratorium................................................................................... 67
4.5.1.1 Teknik Pengambilan Sampel ................................................................. 67
4.5.1.2 Prosedur Jar Test ................................................................................... 68
4.5.1.3 Langkah dan Perhitungan ...................................................................... 69

BAB 5 PENUTUP ............................................................................................ 78

5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................. 78

5.2 Saran ............................................................................................................ 79

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 80

LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 82

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Pengaruh pH terhadap Komunitas Biologi Perairan .......................... 15

Tabel 3.2 Mineral Sulfida yang Dapat Menimbulkan Asam Ketika
Teroksidasi .......................................................................................... 21
Tabel 4.1 Baku Mutu Air Limbah Kegiatan Pertambangan .............................. 50
Tabel 4.2 Pengukuran TSS Secara Visual di PT. MSJ ...................................... 58
Tabel 4.3 Data Hasil Analisa Air Limbah Sampai Dengan Triwulan II Tahun
2018 .................................................................................................. 61
Tabel 4.4 Data Hasil Analisa Air Limbah Sampai Dengan Triwulan II Tahun
2018 ................................................................................................... 61
Tabel 4.5 Nilai Beban Pencemar di MSWP PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya
(kg/bulan) .......................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.6 Nilai Beban Pencemar di MSWP PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya
(ton/bulan) ......................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.7 Hasil Pengujian pH Air Sampel Sump H Dengan Menggunakan
Kapur ................................................................................................. 71
Tabel 4.8 Data Penggunaan Kapur Pada Bulan Juli 2018 ................................. 72
Tabel 4.9 Data Curah Hujan di PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya ............................. 73
Tabel 4.10 Hasil Percobaan Penggunaan Tawas Pada Air Sampel Void K-II
MSWP 21 ......................................................................................... 75
Tabel 4.11 Data Penggunaan Tawas Bulan Juli 2018 di PT. Mahakam Sumber
Jaya .................................................................................................. 76

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Logo Perusahaan ............................................................................ 8

Gambar 3.1 Pemilihan Pengolahan Air Asam Tambang ................................. 23
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Pengelolaan Air Limbah PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya
............................................................................................................. 36
Gambar 4.2 Settling Pond MSWP 1 ................................................................ 38
Gambar 4.3 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 1 ................................................. 38
Gambar 4.4 Settling Pond MSWP 2 .................................................................. 39
Gambar 4.5 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 2 ................................................. 39
Gambar 4.6 Settling Pond MSWP 5 .................................................................. 40
Gambar 4.7 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 5 ................................................. 40
Gambar 4.8 Settling Pond MSWP 11 ................................................................ 41
Gambar 4.9 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 11 ............................................... 41
Gambar 4.10 Settling Pond MSWP 15 .............................................................. 42
Gambar 4.11 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 15 ............................................. 42
Gambar 4.12 Settling Pond MSWP 16 .............................................................. 43
Gambar 4.13 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 16 ............................................. 43
Gambar 4.14 Settling Pond MSWP 18 .............................................................. 43
Gambar 4.15 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 18 ............................................. 44
Gambar 4.16 Settling Pond MSWP 19 .............................................................. 44
Gambar 4.17 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 19 ............................................. 44
Gambar 4.18 Settling Pond MSWP 20 dan Pemetaan Pola Aliran Air ............. 45
Gambar 4.19 Settling Pond MSWP 21 dan Pemetaan Pola Aliran Air ............. 45
Gambar 4.20 Settling Pond MSWP 28 .............................................................. 46
Gambar 4.21 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 28 ............................................. 47
Gambar 4.22 Settling Pond MSWP 29 .............................................................. 47
Gambar 4.23 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 29 ............................................. 48
Gambar 4.24 Settling Pond MSWP 30 .............................................................. 48
Gambar 4.25 Pemetaan Pola Aliran di MSWP 30 ............................................. 49
Gambar 4.26 Rumah Tawas dan Kapur ............................................................. 50
Gambar 4.27 Pengukuran Tinggi Permukaan Air ............................................. 52
Gambar 4.28 Pengukuran Kecepatan Aliran ..................................................... 52
Gambar 4.29 Pengukuran pH............................................................................. 52
Gambar 4.30 Laporan Harian Pemantauan Air Settling Pond PT. MSJ
(Periode Juli 2018) ......................................................................... 52
Gambar 4.31 Papan Pemantauan Kualitas Air Harian ....................................... 53
Gambar 4.32 Pengukuran TSS dengan Alat TSS Meter .................................... 58
Gambar 4.33 Pengukuran pH Awal Air Sampel Sump H .................................. 67
Gambar 4.34 Flowchart Uji Sampel di PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya ................ 69
Gambar 4.35 Air Sampel Sump H ..................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.35 Pengukuran pH Awal ................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.36 Penimbangan Kapur Sesuai Dosis ............................................... 70
Gambar 4.37 Uji Jar Test .................................................................................. 70
Gambar 4.38 Pengukuran pH Akhir .................................................................. 71
Gambar 4.39 Hasil Pengukuran pH ................................................................... 71
Gambar 4.40 Air Sampel Void K-II MSWP 21 ................................................. 74
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Gambar 4.41 Penimbangan Tawas Sesuai Dosis ............................................... 74
Gambar 4.42 Uji Jar Test .................................................................................. 74
Gambar 4.43 Hasil Jar Test ............................................................................... 75

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 DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 4.1 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 01 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 53

Grafik 4.2 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 02 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 54
Grafik 4.3 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 05 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 54
Grafik 4.4 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 11 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 54
Grafik 4.5 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 16 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 55
Grafik 4.6 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 19 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 55
Grafik 4.7 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 20 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 55
Grafik 4.8 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 21 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 55
Grafik 4.9 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 28 Periode Juli 2018 .............................. 56
Grafik 4.10 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 29 Periode Juli 2018 ............................ 56
Grafik 4.11 Pemantauan pH di MSWP 30 Periode Juli 2018 ............................ 57
Grafik 4.12 Pemantauan TSS di MSWP 11 Periode Juli 2018 .......................... 58
Grafik 4.13 Pemantauan Debit di MSWP 21 Periode Juli 2018 ........................ 59
Grafik 4.14 Pemantauan Debit di MSWP 30 Periode Juli 2018 ........................ 59
Grafik 4.15 Pemantauan Hasil Analisis Air Limbah Bulanan ........................... 62
Grafik 4.16 Pemantauan Debit Bulanan di PT. Mahakam Sumber Jaya ........... 62
Grafik 4.17 Beban Pencemar TSS Bulan Juli 2018 ........................................... 66
Grafik 4.18 Beban Pencemar Mn Bulan Juli 2018 ............................................ 66
Grafik 4.19 Beban Pencemar Fe Bulan Juli 2018 .............................................. 66
Grafik 4.20 Hasil Pengujian pH Air Sampel Sump H........................................ 71