Jaringan lemak
(bawah kulit) Darah
ILMU DASAR KEPERAWATAN / UNRIYO 2019 14
Otot skelet Otot polos
• Bergaris (striated) • Kontraksi konstan
• Dikendalikan kesadaran • Tak dikendalikan kesadaran
Membran mukosa:
Sistem digesti, respirasi, urinaria,
reproduksi
Absorbsi & sekresi
Kebanyakan punya kelenjar mukosa
Glandula sebasea
• Kecuali di telapak tangan & kaki
• Melunakkan & meminyaki rambut & kulit, membunuh bakteri
Cahaya matahari
• Radiasi UV stimulasi sel produsen melanin kulit gelap
• Pigmentasi kulit proteksi kulit bertahun2 penggumpalan serabut
elastin dermis
• UV aktivasi proto-onkogen sel kulit Ca sel squamous
Transcellula
Extracellular fluid Intracellular fluid
r
water (ECF) (ICF)
GI, kidney, sweat
tears, bladder 0.2 X body weight 0.4 X body weight
variable
volume 14L 28L
~ 1L
epithelial
output layer Interstitial fluid Plasma cell membrane
(ISF)
1/4
3/4 ECF ECF
10.5L 3.5 L
Catatan:
Air metabolisme = air yang terbentuk dari metabolisme nutrien
IWL = insensible water loss= pengeluaran air yang tidak disadari
(penguapan dari kulit dan pernapasan)
Receptor: The cells or tissue which detects the change due to the stimulus
Relay: The transmission of the message, via nerves or hormones or both, to the effector.
Effector: The cells or tissue, usually a gland or muscles, which cause the response to happen.
Response: An action, at cell, tissue or whole organism level which would not have occurred in the
absence of the stimulus