SUMMARY OF TOEIC’S MATERIALS

 Simple Present  is used when a sentence express a habit, daily routine, and information. Tenses
yang digunakan untuk kejadian yang berlangsung berulang kali (kebiasaan)
Time signal: always – usually – often – seldom – rarely – never – today – this (morning/afternoon)

Subject Verb (Base/V1) Object

I / You / They / We go to the school by bus.
He / She / It goes to the school by bus.

Khusus untuk kata kerja (verb) pada orang ketiga (She, He, It), dibubuhi akhiran -s/-es.

1. Kata kerja yang berakhiran -O, -CH, -SH, -X, atau -Z, tambahkan -ES.

go – goes, catch – catches, wash – washes, kiss – kisses, box – boxes, fix – fixes

2. Kata kerja yang berakhiran konsonan + Y, hilangkan Y, dan tambahkan -IES.

carry – carries, study – studies, worry – worries, marry – marries

3. kata kerja yang berakhiran vokal + Y, cukup tambahkan -S.

play – plays, say – says, enjoy – enjoys

Pola Kalimat Simple Present Tense:

1. Kalimat Afirmatif / Statement (Pernyataan)

S + Verb (1) / Verb Base + O

 She reads Harry Potter book every day.

 They watch new movies every Sunday.

2. Kalimat Negatif

S + Don’t / Doesn’t + Verb Base+ O

 She doesn’t read* Harry Potter book every day.

 They don’t watch new movies every Sunday.
 *Untuk subjek bentuk ketiga (she, he it), setelah kata don’t atau doesn’t, bentuk verb TIDAK
DITAMBAHKAN S / ES

3. Kalimat Interogatif

Do / Does + S + Verb Base + O

 Does she read Harry Potter book?

 Do they watch new movie every day?

A Case Example:

1. I always _____ the motorcycle to the office.

a. take
b. takes
c. took
d. taking
The answer: A (take)  soal di atas merupakan kalimat yang menyatakan kebiasaan (habit)
karena ditandai dengan time signal (penanda waktu) “always”. Maka kata kerja yang tepat diisi
dengan kata kerja bentuk ke 1 (present), yaitu antara A atau B. Untuk mengetahui bentuk kata
kerja mana yang dipilih, kita harus memperhatikan subjek nya dulu. Subjek nya “I” berarti kata
kerjanya tidak memerlukan akhiran –s/-es. Maka pilihan yang tepat adalah A (take).
A (take) bentuk kata kerja ke 1 (present/sekarang) digunakan untuk subjek I-you-they-we
B (takes) bentuk kata kerja ke 1 (present/sekarang) digunakan untuk subjek he-she-it
C (took) bentuk kata kerja ke 2 (past/lampau) digunakan untuk semua subjek (I-you-we-they-he-
she-it) dan bila ada time signal (penanda waktu) lampau seperti: yesterday, … ago, … last.
D (taking) bentuk kata kerja ke 1 yang menyatakan kejadian yang sedang terjadi saat ini.
Ditandai dengan time signal (penanda waktu) “now/right now/at the moment”.

 Present Perfect Tense  is used to express a past event that has present consequences. Tenses ini
digunakan untuk sebuah kalimat yang kejadiannya bermula dimasa lalu dan masih ada kemungkinan
berlanjut/terjadi sampai saat ini.
Time signal: after, before, since, for, yet, already.

Subject Verb (Perfect/V3) Object

I / You / They / We have reached the school by bus before
7a.m.
He / She / It has reached the school by bus before
7a.m.
 Pola kalimat Present Perfect Tense:
1. Kalimat Afirmatif / Statement (Pernyataan)

S + have / has + Perfect Verb (V3) + O

 She has read Harry Potter book for two hours.

 They have watched new movies since two in the afternoon.

2. Kalimat Negatif

S + haven’t / hasn’t + Perfect Verb (V3) + O

 She hasn’t read Harry Potter book for two hours.

 They haven’t watched new movies since two in the afternoon.

*Untuk subjek bentuk ketiga (she, he it), setelah kata don’t atau doesn’t, bentuk verb TIDAK
DITAMBAHKAN S / ES

3. Kalimat Interogatif

Have / Has + S + Perfect Verb (V3)+ O?

 Has she read Harry Potter book for two hours?

 Have they watched new movie since two in the afternoon?

 Tenses yang mengungkapkan dua kejadian terjadi secara bersamaan dalam satu waktu.
When + subject + Verb (Past), while + subject + was / were + Ving.
When my mom called me, while I was taking a bath.

1. Mom often . . . us a delicious food.

A. make
B. makes
C. is made
D. is making
2. The minister . . . the meeting today.
A. not attend
B. not attending
C. isn’t attend
D. doesn’t attend
3. Mr. X . . . the journal in prompt before the due date.
A. submit
B. ubmitted
C. has submitted
 D. was submitted
4. Mrs. Y . . . crafting since a year past.
A. love
B. loved
C. has loved
D. have loved
5. Dad may not be at home soon because it is still . . .
A. rains
B. is rained
C. is raining
D. was raining
6. The minister . . . a letter when a phone rang.
A. typing
B. typed
C. is typed
D. was typing
7. The people . . . to the mosque after the summons of adzan.
A. walked
B. has walked
C. had walked
D. has walking
8. Stop walking! Someone . . . us.
A. follows
B. followed
C. is following
D. has followed
9. The participant . . . the presenter carefully.
A. should always listen
B. listen always should
C. should listened always
D. listening always should
10. The hall had been occupied . . . this morning.
A. when
B. since
C. while
D. as soon as
11. Mr. X usually prepares a material . . . giving a speech.
A. as
B. after
C. before
D. by the time
12. Teacher often gives a note to be written, . . . some students forgot to have a pencil.
A. for
B. but
C. nor
D. and
13. Mr. X has many gorgeous . . . .
A. cloth
B. clothes
C. a cloth
D. the clothes
14. Mrs. Y loves her children so much.
A. who is a designer
B. that is a designer
C. whom is a designer
D. whose is a designer
15. Someone hopes to graduate . . . the mid of this year.
A. up
B. for
C. by
D. and

16. The paper are distributed to every student in the class.

A B C D
17. She is a attractive student in our school.
A B C D
18. The minister are bringing a couple of gifts to be given to the comers.
A B C D
19. Someone has been living here for 2017 – now.
A B C D
20. Dad enjoys fishing in the lake and comes home bring her catch.
A B C D