Debit saluran
q x A
Q=
η
1.32 x 2150.75
Q=
0.79
n Q 3/5 b
h=
1/2
S
Coba h= 1
h= 0.7444043014 134.3%
Coba h= 0.7444
h= 1.4711207358 x 0.51266344
h= 0.7541898206 98.7%
Coba h= 0.754
h= 1.4711207358 x 0.51243415
h= 0.7538525013 100%
P= b + 2 h
P= 3 + 2 0.7538525
P= 5.1322168629 m
A= b + m h
A= 3 + 1 0.7538525
A= 2.8298510978 m²
Jari-jari hidrolis
A
R=
p
2.8298510978
R=
5.1322168629
R= 0.5513896185 m
Kecepatan aliran
1 2/3
V= R S
n
1 2/3
V= 0.551389618 0.0026
0.027
V= 1.2698779039 m/det
Q= V x A
Q= 1.270 x 2.8298511
Q= 3.5935653805 m³/dt
4. Pintu Intake
P intake direncanakan =
h2 = El M.A. Hulu A U - El Ambang Intake =
z direncanakan =
h1 = h2 + z =
Lebar pintu intake direncanakan =
2 x 1 =
Debit persatuan lebar =
Q
q=
b
3.594
q=
2
q= 1.80
q= k μ a 2
q
k μ a =
2
1.80
k μ a =
2
k μ a = 0.27
Interpolasi
# h1
a= 5 a' = =
5
# a= 4 h2 = a x
* K x µ x a'
# h1
a= 5 a'' = =
5
# a= 3 h2 = a x
* K x µ x a''
5. Tinggi bendung
dengan coba-coba
Hd = 1.45022 m
A= Hd + P x
A= 1.45022 + 4.2 x
A= 213.02 m²
Q
Vo =
A
139.75
Vo =
213.02
Vo = 0.656 m/det
Vo ²
Ha =
2g
0.430
Ha =
19.62
Ha = 0.0219 m
Ho = Hd + Ha
Ho = 1.45022 + 0.0219
Ho = 1.47 m
P
Co =
Ho
4.2
Co =
1.4722
Co = 2.85 cari di grafik = 3.95
= 2.18080
Beff = b - 2 2
Beff = 38 - 2 2
Beff = 35.875
Q 2/3
H1 =
2/3
H1 =
C x beff
139.75 2/3
H1 =
2.180795 x 35.875
H1 = 1.47 m
Q 2/3
Ho =
C x beff
139.75 2/3
Ho =
2.18080 x 35.875
Ho = 1.47 m
Hd = Ho - Ha
Hd = 1.47 - 0.0219
Hd = 1.450 m
R1 = 0.54 m
R2 = 0.23 m
Ha 0.0219
= = 0.01
Ho 1.47
Y
= - K x
= - K x
Ho
Y = - K x
Y = - 0.528 x
dY = - 0.378 x X
Y= - 0.378 x 1.02
Y= -0.392
X 0 0.5 0.9 1
Y 0.000 -0.104 -0.310 -0.378
Ha 0.0219
= = 0.01
Ho 1.47
Xc
= 0.279
Ho
Yc
= 0.126
Ho
Xc = 0.4107394973 m
Yc = 0.1854952569 m
8. Peredam energi bendung
Diketahui data-data :
Lebar bendung = 37.8
Kemiringan dasar sungai (So) = 0.0026
Koef Manning (N) = 0.027
Kemiringan dinding sal. (m) = 1
Debit banjir Q20th = 139.75
Kedalaman Air (h) di hilir peredam energi dihitung dengan cara coba2
n Q 3/5 b
h=
1/2
S
Coba h= 1 m
h= 13.2293145912 x 0.11348786
h= 1.5013666583 66.6%
Coba h= 1.50136666 m
h= 13.2293145912 x 0.11358828
h= 1.5026950387 m 99.9%
Coba h= 1.50269504 m
h= 13.2293145912 x 0.1135885
h= 1.5026979574 m 100.0%
hn = 1.502697957 m
z direncanakan = 1.2 m
z + P + hd
z + P + hd
139.75
V1 =
0.32678 x 37.8
V1 = 11.3244 m/dt
V1
F1 =
g x d1
11.3243787555
F1 =
9.81 x 0.32678299
F1 = 6.3248
d2 = hn + z
d2 = 1.5026979574 + 1.2
d2 = 2.703
L= 3.2 x d2
L= 3.2 x 2.70269796
L= 8.649 m
d2 1
= x 1
d1 2
d2 1
= x 1
d1 2
d2
= 3.0916
d1
untuk d1 :
d1 = 0.32678
d2
d2 = x d1
d1
d2 = 3.09161 x 0.32678299
Untuk F1 > 4,5 maka dianjurkan menggunakan peredam energi USBR tipe III
Kontrol fungsi :
F1 = 6.325
Q
V2 =
B x d1 - 0,5
139.75
V2 =
37.8 x 0.51028718
V2 = 1.888 m/dt
Teori bligh
L= 16.9321
L
H <
C
16.9321
2.94 <
4
Teori Lane
CL x H < Lv
1.8 x 2.94 < 5.88
5.2888 < 9.6673
11. Gaya berat
Contoh perhitungan :
Volume = B (m) x
Volume = 0.689 x
Volume = 0.085
12
Tekanan Lumpur
Data yang diketahui :
φ Lumpur = 22
ϒ Lumpur = 1.62 t/m³
ϒ Air = 1 t/m³
ϒs = ϒ Lumpur -
ϒs = 1.62 -
ϒs = 0.62 t/m³
1 - sin φ
Ka =
1 + sin φ
1 - 0.3746
Ka =
1 + 0.37460659
Ka = 0.4549617393
h dan b = 4.015 m
Gaya Ws = 0.5 x h²
Gaya Ws = 0.5 x 16.1202
Gaya Ws = 2.2736 ton
13.
Gaya Gempa
ad = n x Z x
ad = 2.1 x 1 x
ad = 2.469963888
ad
f=
g
2.469963888
f=
9.81
f= 0.2517802128
G= volume x ϒ
G= 0.0505666667 x 2.4
G= 0.12136 ton
K(gaya gempa) = G x
K(gaya gempa) = 0.12136 x
K(gaya gempa) = 0.03055605 ton
14.
Gaya Hidrostatik
W= B x H x
W= 4.015 x 4.015 x
W= 8.0601125 ton
W= B x H x
W= 1.45 x 5.645 x
W= 4.092625 ton
15.
Uplift-Preassure
Kondisi normal
Nama Hx Lx L ΔH
PB 4.2 1 21.911 4.2
PC 4.2 1.41 21.911 4.2
PD 4.2 2.41 21.911 4.2
PE 4.2 3.41 21.911 4.2
PF 4.2 4.41 21.911 4.2
PG 4.2 4.91 21.911 4.2
PH 4.2 5.91 21.911 4.2
PI 4.2 6.91 21.911 4.2
PJ 4.2 7.91 21.911 4.2
PK 4.2 9.044 21.911 4.2
Luas
Px Lx Lengan Momen
Kotak Segitiga
4.0083 1 1.6111871663 3.804
3.9297 0.41 0.01611109 3.872
3.738 1 3.546355712 3.099
3.5464 1 0.09584227 3.266
3.3547 1 1.629414449 2.349
3.2588 0.5 0.02396057 2.432
3.0671 1 2.875459815 1.599
2.8755 1 0.09584227 1.766
2.6838 1 2.796903272 0.55
2.4664 1.134 0.12324894 0.733
Bidang Momen
1 6.1913381045
2 11.3031772078
3 3.8857666423
4 4.7671176943
5 1.6286382753
Jumlah 27.7760379243
Kondisi Banjir
Nama Hx Lx L ΔH
PB 5.65 1 26.77 5
PC 5.65 1.41 26.77 5
PD 5.65 2.41 26.77 5
PE 5.65 3.41 26.77 5
PF 5.65 4.41 26.77 5
PG 5.65 4.91 26.77 5
PH 5.65 5.91 26.77 5
PI 5.65 6.91 26.77 5
PJ 5.65 7.91 26.77 5
PK 5.65 9.044 26.77 5
Luas
Px Lx Lengan Momen
Kotak Segitiga
5.4632 2.41 5.386645499 3.804
5.3866 1 0.03828913 3.872
5.1999 1 2.506546507 3.099
5.0131 0.5 0.04669406 3.266
4.8263 1 4.732928651 2.349
4.7329 1 0.04669406 2.432
4.5462 1 4.943532574 1.599
4.3594 1.134 0.10590213 1.766
4.1726 -9.044 0 0.55
3.9608 0 0 0.733
m³/dt
3 m
0.0026
0.027
1
3.5937 m³/dt
+ 2 h 1 + m 2/5
b + m h
+ 2 1 1 + 1 2/5
3 + 1 1
+ 2 0.74 1 + 1 2/5
3 + 1 0.74
+ 2 0.75 1 + 1 2/5
3 + 1 0.754
m² + 1
1 + 1
h
0.753853
1/2
1/2
3.594 m³/dt
2.5 m
0.891 m
= 0.297
2m
2.09 m
0.16 m
2.3 m
2m
g h1
q
g h1
1.80
9.81 2.3
m
0.45 µ= 0.58 ( dari grafik 3.4 )
= 0.10
= 0.13
C= (Kμa)-(Kμa') 0.17
D= (Kμa')-(Kμa'') 0.02
A= (a'-a') 0.00
B= (C/D)*A 0.00
a= (a' + B) 0.45
u bendung
m³/det
m
m
(2 x 1 m )
Pilar bulat
bulat dan sudut 30° arah aliran
m
b
37.8
x 0.5521
m
x kp + ka Ho - 0.2 x b.bilas
x 0.1 + 0 1.47 - 0.2 x 1.5
X n
Ho
X n
x Ho
Ho
X 1.867
x 1.47 = - 0.378 x
1.47
1.867
x dX
1.867
1.6 2 3.6342
-0.91 -1.38 -4.200
-4.015
m
m³/dt
+ 2 h 1 + m 2/5
b + m h
+ 2 1 1 + 1 2/5
37.8 + 1 1
+ 2 1.5013667 1 + 1 2/5
37.8 + 1 1.501367
+ 2 1.502695 1 + 1 2/5
37.8 + 1 1.502695
V1²
+ ha = d1 +
2.g
Q 2
+ ha = d1 + d1 x B
2 x g
139.75 2
+ 0.0219 = d1 + d1 7 x 37.8
2 x 9.81
6 139.75 2
6.8629 = d1 + d1 x 37.8
L
Y 2 5
6
6.8629 = d1 +
19.62
L
Y 2 5
0.69799
6.8629 = d1 +
d1
4
0.69799 LONCATAN LONCATANTUNAK
d1 = 6.8629 -
BEROSILASI
berombak
Loncatan
3
Dengan cara coba-coba untuk mendapatkan d1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.69799
d1 = 6.8629 -
d1²
d1 = 0.326787 m
0.69799
d1 = 6.8629 -
d1²
0.69799
0.3268 = 6.8629 -
0.1067897434
d1 = 0.32678 m
1
1/2
+ 8 x F1 - 1
1/2
+ 8 x 6.32485 - 1
< 2.703
m
m
m
m
m
m
Elevasi MAB hilir
+ 1/3 Lh
+ 1/3 11.362
baik
Volume (m3) Berat (G)(Ton) Lengan (m) Momen(Ton.m)
0.051 0.121 3.771 0.4576
0.085 0.204 3.405 0.6944
0.331 0.794 2.675 2.1243
3.313 7.952 3.495 27.7935
1.949 4.677 2.54 11.8801
1.410 3.384 3.339 11.2992
0.823 1.976 1.801 3.5588
2.168 5.203 1.634 8.5020
0.347 0.834 0.943 0.7864
0.723 1.736 0.847 1.4702
0.706 1.693 0.373 0.6317
0.465 1.116 3.839 4.2838
1.134 2.722 0.567 1.5431
13.505 32.413 29.229 75.025
2
0.185 x
3
m³
x ϒ
x 2.4
x Lengan (m)
3.771
ϒ Air
1
b= h x ϒs x Ka
b= 4.015 x 0.62 x 0.455
b= 1.132536
x ϒs x Ka
x 0.62 x 0.4550
x Gaya
2.2736
m
ac
0.89
1.2
f
0.25178
Lengan momen
5.08
ad g f G(Ton) L (m) K Momen(Ton.m)
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 0.12 5.08 0.03 0.1551
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 0.20 5.08 0.05 0.2607
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 0.79 4.61 0.20 0.9212
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 7.95 3.51 2.00 7.0239
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 4.68 3.20 1.18 3.7696
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 3.38 1.50 0.85 1.2780
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 1.98 3.58 0.50 1.7811
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 5.20 2.09 1.31 2.7380
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 0.83 2.56 0.21 0.5381
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 1.74 1.63 0.44 0.7124
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 1.69 1.42 0.43 0.6055
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 1.12 0.50 0.28 0.1405
2.469964 9.81 0.2517802 2.72 0.50 0.69 0.3426
32.41 35.25 8.16 19.7836
Momen
Lengan momen Arah
Guling Tahan
2.338 18.844543 →
3.882 0.14722 ↓
18.844543 0.14722
2.882 11.794945 →
3.939 0.11167 ↓
3.641 4.26052 ↓
2.863 3.10106 ↓
2.157 2.07989 ↓
1.539 1.27868 ↓
0.974 0.78665 ↓
0.516 0.13468 ↓
0.168 0.04092 ↓
11.794945 11.7941
faktor bentuk
1/2
Lengan momen
3.939
Hasil
4.008315
3.929725
3.73804
3.546356
3.354671
3.258829
3.067144
2.87546
2.683775
2.466405
3.804 6.128956
3.872 0.062382
3.099 10.99016
3.266 0.313021
2.349 3.827495
2.432 0.058272
1.599 4.59786
1.766 0.169257
0.55 1.538297
0.733 0.090341
3.804 20.4908
3.872 0.148256
3.099 7.767788
3.266 0.152503
2.349 11.11765
2.432 0.11356
1.599 7.904709
1.766 0.187023
0.55 0
0.733 0
1.4722 1.4722
hd
1.867
X
mt 75.025
v 32.413
mg 5.3156
h 2.27357
mg 19.7836
H 32.41
normal
mt 0.14722
mg 18.8445
v 0.03793
h 8.06011
mt 11.7941
mg 11.7949
v 5.389
h 4.09263
normal
mg 27.776
mt 75.03
Maka direncanakan dinding penahan tipe kantilever:
dengan data :
h= 7.6 m
B= 0.7 H
B= 0.7 7.6
B= 5.32 m
Diperkirakan data tanah asli
Berat volume tanah (ϒt) = 1800 kg/m³
Sudut geser tanah (Ø) = 20 °
Kohesi (c) = 2000 kg/m²
Penyelesaian :
Beban yang bekerja pada dinding penahan
1. Beban vertikal
a. Beban akibat berat sendiri konstruksi
W1 = B x H x F Bentuk x
W1 = 0.5 x 6.833 x 1 x
W1 = 8199.60 kg
Contoh Perhitungan :
W6 = B x H x F Bentuk x
W6 = 1.82 x 6.833 x 1/2 x
W6 = 13679.67 Kg
1
Pa = x ϒ tanah x H² x
2
1
Pa = x 2200 x 11.672472 x
2
Pa = 5211.1 Kg/m
1
Pp = x ϒ air x D² x
2
1
Pp = x 1000 x 0.760 x
2
Pp = 936.29 Kg/m
1
Ph = x ϒ air x H² x
2
1
Ph = x 1000 x 8.5264 x
2
Ph = 4263 Kg
Dimana A adalah titik control terhadap guling karena titik A merupakan titik tumpu saat terjadi gu
3. Kontrol stabilitas
a. Terhadap geser
Fr
FK geser = > 1.5
Pa
Fr = ∑Pv x tan ø + c' x
Fr = 76571 x 0.4663077 + 400 x
Fr = 35706 + 2128
Fr = 37834 Kg
37833.8386
FK geser = = 3.6341663094 > 1.5
10410.5964
b. Terhadap guling
∑Momen penahan
FK guling = > 1.5
∑Momen guling
234382.78
FK guling = = 6.1231374 >
38278.22
∑M penahan - ∑M guling
x=
∑Pv
234382.78 - 38278.22
x=
76571.418
x= 2.5611 m
1
е = x B - X <
2
1
е = x 5.32 - 2.5610674 <
2
е = 0.0989 m < 0.8866666667 m baik
7.6
Satuan
kg
kg
kg
kg
ϒ beton
2400
Satuan
Kg
Kg
Kg
ϒ beton
2200
Ka
0.405859
Kp
2.463913
n di titik A (Kgm)
10249.5
1443.334104
5695.34464
7112.933858
129881.664
234382.78
n di titik A (Kgm)
22.8780802525
1.7835271053
2843.5544
38278.22
B
5.32
oke...
1.5 oke...
B
6
5.32
6
Luas
Px Lx Lengan Momen
Kotak Segitiga
5.46322 1 2.208525 3.804
5.38665 0.41 0.0157 3.872
5.19987 1 5.013093 3.099
5.01309 1 0.09339 3.266
4.82632 1 2.366464 2.349
4.73293 0.5 0.02335 2.432
4.54615 1 4.359376 1.599
4.35938 1 0.09339 1.766
4.1726 1 4.491542 0.55
3.9608 1.134 0.12009 0.733
Bidang Momen
1 8.4620125
2 15.840581
3 5.6156047
4 7.1355659
5 2.5583764
Jumlah 39.61214
Gs + e x ϒw
ϒsat =
1 + e
W x Gs
Sr =
e
Dalam kondisi jenuh Sr = 1
W x Gs
Sr =
e
1 x e = W x
e = 0.215 x
e = 0.5504
Gs + e x ϒw
ϒsat =
1 + e
2.56 + 0.5504 x 1
ϒsat =
1 + 0.5504
ϒsat = 2.006192
Nc = 37.2
Nq = 22.5
Ny = 9.7
qu = C Nc + ϒ D
qu = 0.23 37.2 + 1.0061919505 3.4276
qu = 8.556 + 77.5985 + 55.04675
qu = 141.20128 t/m²
141.20128
Q ijin =
3
Q ijin = 47.067093 t/m²
17. Kontrol Guling
Σ Mt = 27.776 tonm
Normal
Σ Mg = 5.3160 tonm
Σ Mt = 75.025 tonm
Banjir
Σ Mg = 5.3160 tonm
normal
Mt
FK = > 1.5
Mg
27.78
FK = > 1.5
5.32
FK = 5.2249812 > 1.5
OK...
Banjir
Mt
FK = > 1.5
Mg
75.03
FK = > 1.5
5.32
FK = 14.113055 > 1.5
OK...
18. Kontrol Geser
Σv = 32.413
Normal
ΣH = 2.274
Σv = 32.413
Banjir
ΣH = 4.093
Σv f
FK = > 1.5
ΣH
Normal
32.413 0.75
FK = > 1.5
2.274
FK = 10.690303 > 1.5
OK...
Banjir
32.413 0.75
FK = > 1.5
4.0926
FK = 5.9399282 > 1.5
OK...
B= 14.227
Normal
B M B
e= - <
2 Σv 2
14.227 22.460 14.227
e= - <
2 32.413 6
e= 3.67 < 4.74233 OK...
Banjir
B M B
e= - <
2 Σv 6
14.227 69.709 14.227
e= - <
2 32.413 6
e= 3.71 < 4.74233 OK...
1
4.044 = 1.348
3
1
4.044 = 0.674
4.044 = 0.674
6
Normal
σ= 47.067093 t/m²
e= 3.67
Σv 6
σ tanah= x 1 +
B
32.413 6
σ tanah= x 1 +
14.227
σ tanah= 5.8044976 < 47.0671 t/m²
OK...
Σv 6
σ tanah= x 1 -
B
32.413 6
σ tanah= x 1 -
14.227
σ tanah= -1.2479502 < 47.0671 t/m²
OK...
Banjir
σ= 47.067093 t/m²
e= 3.71
Σv 6
σ tanah= x 1 +
B
32.413 6
σ tanah= x 1 +
14.227
σ tanah= 5.8429305 < 47.0671 t/m²
OK...
Σv 6
σ tanah= x 1 +
B
32.413 6
σ tanah= x 1 -
14.227
σ tanah= -1.2863831 < 47.0671 t/m²
OK...
Hasil
8.401228
0.060785
15.53558
0.305006
5.558825
0.05678
6.970642
0.164923
2.470348
0.088028
banjir
mg
mt
x e
B
x 3.67
14.227
x e
B
x 3.71
14.227
x e
B
x 3.71
14.227
39.61214
75.03