Discussion
Distillation is a method used in purifying, in isolating or in separating organic compounds.
In this experiment, we compare the effectiveness a simple method and a more elaborate method of
distilling impure aniline.
Impure aniline is brown or red in colour. Pure aniline is colourless and has a bonding point
o
of 184 C.
Procedure
1). Simple method. Put about 1 g of zinc dust into a clean dry test-tube (16 mm x 125 mm).
carefully introduce 5 cm3 of crude aniline. Fix up the apparatus as shown in figure 3(a).
Heat the surface of the aniline using a gentle flame. Continue heating until most of the
aniline has distilled over. (in the course of the distillation, make sure that the aniline vapour does
not come into contact with the corck). If necessary, repeat the distillation.
2) elaborate method. Tranfer 30 cm3 of impure aniline and some zinc dust (5 g) into a 100 cm3
distilling flask and set up the apparatus as shown in figure 3(b). heat the sand bath with a moderate
rate. Record the temperature indicated by the thermometer.
Exercises
1. Metode sederhana
Bubuk seng +
anilin mentah
Pengamatan
2. Metode rumit
Bubuk seng +
anilin tidak murni
Pengamatan
Latihan
1. Mengapa uap anilin tidak boleh menyentuh gabus ?
2. Dalam metode distilasi yang sederhana, mengapa tabung reaksi yang mengandung
distilat anaalin dicelupkan ke dalam air ?
3. Bagaimana anda memisahkan campuran aseton, p.b = 56,5 celcius, dan karbon
tetrachloride (tetrachloro-methana), b.p =76,8 celcius ?