1-Persamaan Diferensial Orde Satu PDF
1-Persamaan Diferensial Orde Satu PDF
TEKNIK 2
S1-TEKNIK ELEKTRO
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REFERENSI E-BOOK
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REFERENSI ONLINE
SOS Mathematics
http://www.sosmath.com/diffeq/diffeq.html
Wolfram Research – Math World
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/OrdinaryDifferentialEquation.h
tml
Math Forum @ Drexel
http://mathforum.org/differential/differential.html
Internet Differential Equations Activities
http://www.sci.wsu.edu/idea/
Paul's Online Math Notes
http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/SystemsDE.aspx
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MATH CALCULATOR ONLINE
Symbolab
https://www.symbolab.com
OnSolver.com
https://onsolver.com
Math10.com
https://www.math10.com
Brilliant
https://brilliant.org/
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MODELING CALCULATOR
• IDEA Project
http://www.sci.wsu.edu/idea/current.html
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PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL
ORDE 1
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PENGERTIAN
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CONTOH
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SOLUSI PD
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CONTOH
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PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL BIASA ORDE 1
PDB terpisah
PDB dengan koefisien fungsi homogen
PDB Linier
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PDB TERPISAH
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PENYELESAIAN
o 𝑥 ln 𝑥 𝑦 ′ = 𝑦 ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑐 ln 𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 = 𝑐 ln 𝑥
𝑥 ln 𝑥 =𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 Jadi solusi umum PD
= tersebut adalah
𝑦 𝑥 ln 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑐 ln 𝑥
න =න
𝑦 𝑥 ln 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln(ln 𝑥) + ln 𝑐
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PENYELESAIAN
1 4
o 𝑦′ = 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑦 𝑦 = ln( 𝑥 + 𝑐)
4
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑦 Diketahui y(2)=0, sehingga:
𝑦
𝑑𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥
1 4
= 𝑥 0 = ln 2 + 𝑐
𝑒 −𝑦 4
න 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = න 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 1 = 4 + 𝑐 𝑐 = −3
Jadi solusi khusus PD tersebut adalah:
1 4
𝑒𝑦 = 𝑥 +𝑐 1 4
4 𝑦 = ln( 𝑥 − 3)
4
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LATIHAN SOAL
𝑑𝑦 3𝑥 2 +4𝑥+2 6. 𝑦 ′ = 2 1 + 𝑥 1 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑦 0 = 0
2. 𝑑𝑥
=
2(𝑦−1) 𝑦 cos 𝑥
7. 𝑦 ′ = 1+2𝑦 2
,𝑦 0 =1
𝑑𝑦 𝑥2
3. =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦(1+𝑥 3 ) 8. (1 + 𝑒 𝑥 )𝑦 ′ +, 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 0 = 1
𝑑𝑦
4. = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥
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FUNGSI HOMOGEN
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CONTOH
𝑑𝑦
2. 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 1 = 1
Penyelesaian:
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 2 +2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= = (𝑦 2
) +2( 𝑦
). Misalkan 𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥, maka 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑢 𝑑𝑥,
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
sehingga: = 𝑢2 + 2𝑢 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢2 + 2𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = (𝑢2 +𝑢)𝑑𝑥 2 = 2 =
(𝑢 +𝑢) 𝑥 (𝑢 +𝑢) 𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1 1
𝑢(𝑢 +1) = ln 𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑢(− 𝑢+1) 𝑑𝑢 = ln 𝑐𝑥 ln 𝑢 − ln 𝑢 + 1 = ln 𝑐𝑥
𝑦Τ
𝑢 𝑦
ln = ln 𝑐𝑥 ln 𝑦Τ 𝑥 = ln 𝑐𝑥 ln = ln 𝑐𝑥
𝑢+1 𝑥+1 𝑦+𝑥
𝑦 𝑐𝑥 2 1
= ln 𝑐𝑥 𝑦 1 − 𝑐𝑥 = 𝑐𝑥 𝑦 = 2 𝑦 1 =1 𝑐 =
𝑦+𝑥 1−𝑐𝑥 2
𝑥2
Jadi solusi umum dari PD di atas adalah 𝑦 =
2−𝑥
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LATIHAN SOAL
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PDB LINIER
o Sehingga diperoleh:
𝑦′𝑒𝑝 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
+ 𝑝(𝑥) 𝑦𝑒 𝑝 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑞(𝑥)𝑒 𝑝 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
′
𝑥𝑑 𝑥 𝑝
𝑦𝑒 = 𝑞(𝑥)𝑒 𝑝 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
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CONTOH
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CONTOH
2. 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 2 , 𝑦 0 = 3
Penyelesaian:
𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 2 𝑝 𝑥 = 1 dan 𝑞 𝑥 = (𝑥 + 1)2
Faktor integrasi: 𝑒 1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
Kedua ruas dikalikan dengan 𝑒 𝑥 , sehingga didapatkan:
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 2 (𝑒 𝑥 𝑦)′ = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 2
)𝑦 𝑥 𝑒(′ = 𝑥 𝑥 𝑒 + 1 2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑒 = )𝑦 𝑥 𝑒(𝑑 + 1 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 2 − 2(𝑥 + 1)𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 2 − 2 𝑥 + 1 𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 2 − 2 𝑥 + 1 + 2 + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1 + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥
Diketahui 𝑦 0 = 3, sehingga 3 = 1 + 𝑐 c = 2
Jadi solusi khusus adalah 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1 + 2𝑒 −𝑥
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LATIHAN SOAL
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Trayektori Ortogonal
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Menentukan Trayektori Ortogonal
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CONTOH
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CONTOH
2𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 = 2𝑐
2𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑘
Jadi, persamaan trayektori
ortogonal untuk keluarga
kurva y = kx2 adalah:
2𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑘
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LATIHAN SOAL
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PENERAPAN PD ORDE 1 PADA RANGKAIAN LISTRIK
Penyelesaian:
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CONTOH
I e3t 2e3t C 2 C e3t
Syarat awal, I = 0 pada saat t = 0, memberikan C = –2 Sehingga,
I 2 2e3t
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CONTOH
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LATIHAN SOAL