SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

CHAPTER 4 : CARBON COMPOUND

BAB 4 : SEBATIAN KARBON

4.1 Analysing Various Carbon Compounds

4.1 Menganalisa Kepelbagaian Sebatian Karbon

1 What are hydrocarbons?

Apakah hidrokarbon?

A Compounds that contain carbon

Sebatian yang mempunyai karbon
B Compounds that contain hydrogen
Sebatian yang mempunyai hydrogen
C Compounds that contain hydrogen, carbon and oxygen
Sebatian yang mempunyai hirogen, karbon dan oksigen
D Compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only
Sebatian yang mempunyai hirogen dan karbon sahaja
Aras rendah

4.2 Analysing Alcohol And Its Effects On Health

4.2 Menganalisa Alkohol Dan Kesannya Kepada Kesihatan

2 X Y
GLUCOSE ETHANOL PURE ETHANOL
GLUKOSA ETANOL ETANOL TULEN

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

Diagram 1 shows change s in organic com pounds started with glucose. What is X
process and Y process ?
Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu siri penukaran sebatian organik bermula daripada
glukosa. Apakah proses X dan proses Y?

X Process Y Process
Proses X Proses Y
A Fermentation Distillation
Penapaian Penyulingan
B Condensation Oxidation
Penyejatan Pengoksidaan
C Esterification Neutralization
Pengesteran Peneutralan
D Neutralization Filterization
Peneutralan Penurasan

Aras Tinggi

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

3 A student mixed 2 cm 3 ethanol with 2 cm3 ethanoic acid in a test tube and then with a
few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid. The mixture is heated in five minutes and a
sweet smelling gas will produce. This process is called
Seorang murid telah mencampurkan 2 cm3 etanol dengan 2 cm3 asid etanoik dalam
satu tabung uji diikuti dengan beberapa titik asid sulfurik pekat.Campuran ini dididihkan
selama lebih lima minit dan wap yang berbau wangi terbebas. Proses ini disebut
sebagai

A vulcanisation C esterification
pemvulkanan pengesteran
B hydrolysis D fermentation
hidrolisis penapaian
. Aras Tinggi

4 Study the following word equation.

Kaji persamaan perkataan berikut.

Glocuse Yeast Ethanol Carbon dioxide

Glukosa Etanol + Karbon dioksida
yis
Glukosa
It shows the reaction of Etanol Karbon dioksida
Y
Ia menunjukkan tindak balas

Yis
A hydrolysis C esterification
hidrolisis pengesteran
B dehydration D fermentation
pendehidratan penapaian
Aras Rendah

5 Yeast is added with grape juice and the mixture is left for a week. What is the process
that has occured ?
Yis ditambahkan kepada jus anggur dan campuran ini dibiarkan selama seminggu.
Apakah proses yang berlaku?

A Oxidation C Fermentation
Pengoksidaan Penapaian
B Distillation D Esterification
Penyulingan Pengesteran

Aras Sederhana

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

6 The infomation below shows the properties of an organic compound.

Maklumat dibawah menunjukkan sifat suatu bahan organik

 Burns easily
Mudah terbakar
 Good organic solvent
Pelarut yang baik
 Colourless liquid
Cecair tanpa warna

The organic compound is

Bahan organik itu adalah

A ethanol C ethanoic acid

etanol asid etanoik
B ester D ammonia solution
ester Larutan ammonia
Aras Rendah

7 The infomation below shows the effect of the excessive consumption of X on health.
Maklumat dibawah menunjukkan kesan pengambilan berlebihan bahan X.

 Gostritis
Gostritis
 Lever cirrhosis
Sirosis hati
 Affecting body balance
Memberi kesan pada keseimbandan

Which of t ollowing is X ?
Antara berikut yang manakah X ?

A Alcohol C Morphine
Alkohol morfin
B Fat D Table salt
Lemak Garam

Aras Tinggi

8 When a mixture of alcohol , substance X and several drops of concentrated sulphuric

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

acid is heated up, a fragrant substance Y and water are produced. What are
substances X and Y ?
Apabila campuran alcohol dan bahan X dipanaskan, satu bahan akan Y yang berbau
wangi dan air terbentuk. Apakah bahan X dan Y?

X Y
A Palm oil Ester
Minyak kelapa sawit Ester
B Organic acid Ester
Asid organik Ester
C Organic acid Ethanol
Asid organik Etanol
D Ester Organic acid
Ester Asid organic

Aras Tinggi

9 Study the following word equation.

Kaji persamaan perkataan berikut.

X + ORGANIC ACID Y + WATER

X + ASID ORGANIK Y + AIR

What is X and Y ?
Apakah X dan Y ?

X Y
A Alcohol Salt
Alkohol Garam
B Alkali Ester
Alkali Ester
C Alcohol Ester
Alkohol Ester
D Ester Alcohol
Ester Alkohol
Aras Sederhana

4.3 Analysing Fats And Their Effects On Health

4.3 Menganalisa Lemak Dan Kesannya Kepada Kesihatan

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

10 Palm oil can be changed to margarine by

Minyak kelapa sawit boleh ditukarkan menjadi margerin dengan

A boiling the palm oil

mendidihkan minyak kelapa sawit
B adding an alkaline solution to the oil palm
menambahkan larutan alkali dalam minyak kelapa sawit
C adding hydrogen to the oil palm
menambahkan hidrogen dalam minyak kelapa sawit
D adding alcohol to the oil palm
menambahkan alkohol dalam minyak kelapa sawit
Aras Tinggi

11 Which of the following is rich of unsaturated fat ?

Antara berikut yang manakah kaya dengan lemak tak tepu ?

A Ghee C Cow fat

Minyak sapi Lemak lembu
B Chicken fat D Palm oil
Lemak ayam Minyak sawit
Aras Rendah

12 Which of the following elements are the contents of saturated fat ?

Antara berikut yang manakah kandungan lemak tepu ?

A Nitogen, oxygen, hydrogen C Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Nitrogen, oksigen, hidrogen Karbon, hidrogen, oksigen
B Carbon , hydrogen, sulphur D Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen
Karbon, hidrogen, sulfur Karbon, oksigen, nitrogen
Aras Sederhana

13 Which food if taken excessively can cause the deposition of cholesterol in blood
vessels?
Makanan manakah jika diambil secara berlebihan akan menyebabkan pemendapan
kolesterol pada saluran darah?

A Rice C Butter
Nasi Mentega
B Olive oil D Vegetables
Minyak zaitun Sayur-sayuran
Aras Rendah

4.4 Analysing Oil Palm And Its Importance To National Development

4.4 Menganalisa Kelapa Sawit Serta Kepentingannya Kepada Pembangunan Negara

14 The following informations show the steps in the process of palm oil extraction.

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

Maklumat berikut menunjukkan langkah dalam proses pengekstrakan minyak kelapa

sawit.
P : The palm oil is heated with actived carbon.
Minyak kelapa sawit dipanaskan dengan karbon yang diaktifkan.
Q : The oil palm fruit is crushed by mechanical digestion.
Buah kelapa sawit dihancurkan secara pencernaan mekanikal.
R : The oil palm fruit is sterilised using steam.
Buah kelapa sawit disterilkan menggunakan stim.
S : The oil palm fruit is squeezed using hydraulic pressure.
Buah kelapa sawit diperah menggunakan penekan hidraulik.

Which is the correct sequence of the process?

Manakah urutan yang betul dalam proses itu?

A P, Q, S, R C R, S, P, Q

B Q, R , P, S D R, Q , S , P
Aras Tinggi

15 Diagram shows a cross section of oil palm fruit

Rajah menunjukkan keratin rentas buah kelapa sawit
Stalk
Tangkai

Q
R P

P Q R
A Mesocarp Kernel Shell
Sabut Isirung Tempurung
B Kernel Shell Mesocarp
Isirung Tempurung Sabut
C Mesocarp Shell Kernel
Sabut Tempurung Isirung
D Shell Mesocarp Kernel
Tempurung Sabut Isirung

Aras Sederhana

16 The following shows stages in the extraction of palm oil in industry.

Peringkat di bawah menunjukkan pengekstrakan minyak sawit dalam industri.

X: Microorganisms are killed and fruits are detached from the bunches
Mikroorganisma dibunuh dan buah dileraikan daripada tangkainya
Y: Steam is flowed through the oil to6remove unpleasant smells.
Stim dialirkan melalui minyak untuk menyingkirkan bau
SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

What are processes X and Y?

Apakah proses X dan Y?

X Y

A Sterilisation Purification
Pensterilan Penulenan
B Purification Sterilisation
Penulenan Pensterilan
C Sterilisation Filtration
Pensterilan Penurasan
D Digestion Purification
Pencernaan Penulenan

Aras Tinggi

17 The products below are made from substance X.

Bahan di bawah dibuat daripada bahan X.2

What is X?
Apakah bahan X?

A Alcohol C Petrol
Alkohol Petrol
B Palm oil D Kerosene
Minyak sawit Kerosin

Aras Rendah

4.5 Analysing The Process Of Making Soap From Oil And The Cleansing Action Of
Soap
4.5 Menganalisa Pembuatan Sabun Daripada Minyak Dan Tindakan Pencucian Sabun

18 Diagram shows the structure of a soap molecule.

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur molekul sabun.

The structure labelled P will dissolve in

Struktur berlabel P akan larut dalam
A fat C palm oil
lemak minyak sawit
B water D grease
air gris
Aras Rendah

19 The statement below show the steps in the preparation of soap.

Pernyataan di bawah menunjukkan langkah-langkah dalam pembuatan sabun

P – Add water to the mixture

Tambahkan air pada campuran
Q – Boil sodium hydroxide and coconut oil
Didihkan natrium hidroksida dan minyak kelapa
R – Filter the mixture
Turaskan campuran
S – Add salt to the mixture
Tambahkan garam pada campuran

Which is the correct sequence of the process?

Manakah urutan yang betul dalam proses itu?

A P, Q, S, R C Q, P, S, R

B P,S , Q, R D Q,R , P , S
Aras Tinggi

20 The following word equation shows a chemical reaction .

Persamaan perkataan berikut menunjukkan suatu tindakbalas kimia.

Heated
X + Alkali Soap + Glycerol
X + Alkali Dipanaskan sabun gliserol

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

What is X?
Apakah X?

A Fat C Petrol
Lemak Petrol
B Ester D Ethanol
Ester Etanol
Aras Tinggi

21 Soap can be made from oil palm and wood ash . In the production of soap, which the
following substance can replace wood ash.
Sabun boleh dibuat daripada minyak kelapa dan abu kayu. Dalam perusahaan
membuat sabun, yang manakah di antara bahan-bahan berikut boleh digunakan
sebagai pengganti abu kayu.

A Glyserol C Sodium cloride

Gliserol Natrium klorida
B Ethanoic acid D Sodium hydroxide
Asid etanoik Natrium hidroksida
Aras Tinggi

22 Diagram shows the structure of a soap molecule.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur molekul sabun.

What is the characteristic of part P?

Apakah ciri bahagian P?

A Soluble in water C Hydrophobic

Larut dalam air Hidrofobik
B Hydrophilic D Negatively charged
Hidrofilik Bercas negatif

Aras Rendah

23 The following stages show the cleansing action of soap.

Peringkat berikut menunjukkan tindakan pencucian sabun

K: The grease is emulsified into small drops

Gris diemulsikan kepada titisan - titisan kecil

L: The soap foam floats the grease

Buih sabun menyebabkan gris terapung

M: The hydrocarbon tail of soap dissolves in grease

Ekor hidrokrbon larut dalam gris

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

Which of the following sequence is correct?

Antara urutan yang berikut, yang manakah betul?

A K, L, M C M, K, L

B K, M, L D L, M,K
Aras Tinggi

24 Which of the following process can produce soap ?

Diantara proses berikut yang amanakah akan menghasilkan sabun ?

A Boiling the coconut oil and sodium hydroxide

Mendidihkan minyak kelapa dengan natrium hidroksida
B Boiling alcohol and organic acid mixture
Mendidihkan alkohol dengan campuran asid organik
C Adding yeast to pineapple juice
Menambahkan yis dalam jus nanas
D Adding formic acid to the oil palm
Menambahkan asid formik dalam minyak kelapa sawit
Aras Tinggi

25 The following word equation shows a reaction of soap making.

Persamaan perkataan berikut menunjukkan suatu tindakbalas pembuatan sabun.

Vegetable oil + sodium hydroxide Y + Glyserol

Minyak sayuran + natrium hidroksida Y + Gliserol

What is Y ?
Apakah Y ?

A Ester C Organic acid

Ester Asid organic
B Ethanol D Fatty acid sodium salt
Etanol Garam natrium asid lemak

Aras Rendah

4.6 Understanding Natural Polymers

4.6 Memahami Polimer Semulajadi

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

26 Diagram shows a process in the production of a synthetic material.

Rajah menunjukkan suatu proses penghasilan bahan sintetik.

Process P

Polythene

Thene

What is P ?
Apakah P ?

A Esterification C Vulcanisation
Pengesteran Pemvulkanan
B Polymerisation D Depolymerisation
Pempolimeran Penyahpolimeran
Aras Rendah

27 Diagram shows the changes in the molecular structure of natural rubber when it is
stretched and released.
Rajah menunjukkan perubahan struktur molekul getah asli apabila diregang dan
dilepaskan.

Stretched
Diregang

Released
Dilepaskan

What is the characteristics of natural rubber shown in the above diagram?

Apakah sifat getah asli yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di atas?

A Elastic C Sticky
Kenyal Melekit
B Soft D Easily snapped
Lembut Mudah putus
Aras Rendah

28 Which of the following solutions can coagulate latex?

Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah boleh menggumpalkan lateks?

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

A Sulphur C Acetic acid

Sulfur Asid asetik
B Ammonia D Sodium chloride
Ammonia Natrium klorida
Aras Rendah

29 Vulcanised rubber is stronger than natural rubber because

Getah tervulkan adalah lebih kuat dari getah asli kerana
A its has low melting point
ia mempunyai takat lebur yang rendah
B the presence of sulphur makes it more dense
kehadiran sulfur menjadikan ia makin tumpat
C there are cross-linkage formed between the sulphur atoms and the rubber
molecules
terdapat ikatan silang terbentuk antara atom sulfur dengan molekul getah
D it is less durable
ia kurang tahan

Aras Sederhana

30 Diagram shows a process in the production of a synthetic material.

Rajah menunjukkan suatu proses penghasilan bahan sintetik.

Proses P

What is process P?
Apakah proses P?

A Coagulation C Polymerization
Penggumpalan Pempolimeran
B Vulcanization D Depolymerization
Pemvulkanan Penyahpolimeran
Aras Rendah

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SOLAF SCIENCE SPM 2014 PAPER 1 FORM 5

31 Diagram shows that latex does not coagulate even after a few weeks.
Rajah menunjukkan lateks yang tidak membeku walaupun dibiarkan beberapa minggu.

What is solution Y?
Apakah larutan Y?

A Ethanoic acid C Lead(II) nitrate solution

Asid etanoik Larutan plumbum(II) nitrat
B Distilled water D Ammonia solution
Air suling Larutan ammonia

Aras Rendah

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