Critical Appraisal
Effect of Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Otitis Media on the
Daily Disappearance of Middle Ear Effusion A
Placebo-Controlled Trial
Disusun Oleh:
Ayuvy Monzalitza
1102013051
Kelompok 5
Pembimbing:
DR. Kholis Ernawati, S.Si, M.Kes
PICO
Population : Anak usia 4 tahun dengan Otitis Media Akut
Intervention : Antibiotik
Compariosn : Terapi lain/plasebo
Outcome : Perbaikan Otitis Media Akut
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Pencarian Bukti Ilmiah
Alamat website : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
Type of Question : Terapi
Type of Study : Randomized
Kata Kunci : Child* Acute Otitis Media AND Antibiotic AND Placebo
OR Other Treatment AND Reduced
Limitasi : 5 tahun, free full text
Hasil Pencarian : 3 jurnal
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REVIEW JURNAL
ABSTRACT
IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial treatment reduces the symptoms of acute otitis
media (AOM). The effect of antimicrobial treatment on the duration of middle ear
effusion (MEE) and concomitant hearing impairment is not known.
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the antimicrobial treatment of AOM reduces
the duration of MEE.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trial involved a total of 84 children with AOM between 6
months and 15 years of age. Participants were recruited from September 14, 1999,
to January 4, 2000; October 10, 2005, to December 16, 2005; and September 22,
2009, to June 4, 2012, from among children attending an AOM prevention trial
and children visiting local outpatient clinics in Oulu, Finland.
INTERVENTIONS Children were randomly allocated to receive either 40mg/kg
of amoxicillin-clavulanate or a placebo mixture per day for 7 days.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome measurewas the
time to the disappearance of MEE as defined by a normal tympanogram finding
(A curve) from both ears on 2 consecutive measurement days. Parents performed
daily tympanometry at home. The study physician performed tympanometry and
otoscopy at study entry, after 3 and 7 days, and then weekly until both ears were
healthy. The main secondary outcome measures were the time to normal otoscopy
findings and the proportion of children without persistent MEE at 14 days and 2
months.
RESULTS Middle ear effusion disappeared 2.0 weeks (13.7 days) earlier (P = .
02) in the antimicrobial group (mean time, 2.7 weeks; 95%CI, 1.7-3.7) than in the
placebo group (4.7 weeks; 95%CI, 3.6-5.7). Normal otoscopy findings were
observed 1.4 weeks sooner in the antimicrobial group than in the placebo group (P
= .02). On day 14, 69% of children in the antimicrobial group and 38%in the
placebo group had normal tympanometry findings (number needed to treat, 3.2;
95%CI, 2.0-10.5). On day 60, 2 children (5%) in the antimicrobial group and 10
children (24%) in the placebo group had persistent MEE (P = .01).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Antimicrobial treatment effectively
reduced the duration of MEE and possible concomitant hearing impairment in
children with AOM. Antimicrobial treatment also reduced the risk for persistent
MEE.
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Critical Appraisal: Artikel Terapi
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b. Mengidentifiasi ada atau tidaknya analisis pasien pada
kelompok randomisasi semula
Jawab : Ya, ada analisis pasien pada kelompok randomisasi
semula
Alasan : Adanya kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi pada pasien,
halaman 2
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4. Menentukan ada atau tidaknya persamaan pada kedua
kelompok di awal penelitian
Jawab : Terdapat perhitungan persaanaab pada kedua
kelompok diawal penelitian
Alasan : Halaman 4, tabel 2
2. Importance
1. Menentukan Besarnya Efek Terapi
Jawab : Terdapat perhitungan persamaan pada kedua
kelompok diawal penelitian
Alasan : Halaman 4, tabel 2
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Terapi Plasebo Antibiotik Jumlah
Perbaikan 22 (c) 32 (a) 54
Tidak Efektif 16 (d) 9 (b) 25
Missing 4 1 5
Total 42 42
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2. Menentukan Presisi estimasi efek terapi
Standart Error
¿ √ ( CER x (1−CER ) ) ÷ n 2+ ( EER x ( 1−EER ) ) ÷ n1
¿ √ ( 0,57 x ( 1−−0,57 ) ) ÷ 38+¿ ¿
¿ √ 0,023+0,004
= 0,1556
3. Applicability
1. Menentukan Kemungkinan penerapan pada pasien
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