Menulis Artikel Jurnal Internasional PDF

Ersis Warmansyah Abbas
MENULIS ARTIKEL
JURNAL INTERNASIONAL
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Menulis Artikel Jurnal Internasional
Copyright@2020, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas
Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang
Penulis : Ersis Warmansyah Abbas

Setting/Layout : Ersis Warmansyah Abbas
Desain Sampul : Ersis Warmansyah Abbas
Pemeriksa Aksara : Risna Warnidah
Cetakan Pertama : Agustus 2020
Diterbitkan oleh:
Program Studi Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Banjarmasin
ISBN: 978-623-93872-2-8
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MENULIS ARTIKEL
JURNAL INTERNASIONAL
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Sanksi Pelanggaran Pasal 72:
Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002
tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1997
tentang Hak Cipta
1. Barang siapa dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak mengumumkan atau memperbanyak suatu
ciptaan atau memberi izin untuk itu, dipidana dengan pidana penjara masing-masing
paling singkat 1 (satu bulan dan/atau dengan paling sedikit Rp1.000.000.00 (satu juta
rupiah) atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tujuh) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak
Rp.5.000.000.000,00 (lima miliar rupiah).
2. Barang siapa dengan sengaja menyiarkan, memamerkan, mengedarkan, atau menjual

kepada umum suatu ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran Hak Cipta sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam ayat (1), dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/
atau dengan paling banyak Rp500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah).
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PENGANTAR
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.
Menulis artikel jurnal internasional bereputasi? Terus terang, bagi saya,
bukanlah hal terlalu menarik. Sebab, gambaran yang terpola: ribet dan
melelahkan. Teman-teman yang mengirim artikel ke jurnal internasional
bereputasi kebanyakan berakhir dengan satu kata: reject. Lagi pula, saya
lancar-lancar saja menulis berbagai artikel, beragam buku, begitu pula puisi,
cerpen dan novel. Menulis merupakan aksi keseharian. Hebatnya, saya
mendapatkan banyak hal dari menulis. Diundang ke berbagai pelatihan atau
sharing menulis, tulisan diterbitkan di media cetak dan buku yang diterbitkan
sekitar seratusan. Mantap. Menjadi sumber pendapatan.
Pada suatu ketika pikiran diteror: ”Masyak menjadi penulis begitu saja.
Kamu kan dosen?” Teror di pikiran menjadi tantangan. Sulitnya, kemampuan
bahasa Inggris ala kadarnya. Sekadar apologi, saya telah membangun kolam
ikan pelan-pelan, sekitar 2 ha, untuk persiapan masa pensiun. Saya
membayangkan keasyikkan menulis sembari menikmati kecipakan beragam
ikan berselang-seling menyiangi aneka tanaman. Kembali ke kehidupan masa
kecil sembari berpuas-puas menulis. Duh, indah dan nyamannya.
”Pa Ersis”, kata Prof. Sutarto Hadi, Rektor ULM, ”Saya ingin Pak Ersis
menjadi Profesor”. Duarrrr. Saya tidak terlalu merespon. ”Ini nomor Pak Ismi
(Ismi Rajiani). Dia akan membantu”. Semingguan kata-kata Pak Rektor ULM
mengganggu pikiran. Pada 7 Februari 2017 saya dipertemukan dengan Ismi
Rajiani yang kemudian kami labelkan sebagai ”King of Scopus”. ”Bang. Abstrak
sudah dikirim?”. Ismi mengingatkan. Tanggal menunjuk angka 14 Februari 2017.
Saya mengirim abstract dan full paper. Makalah tersebut ditulis ulang dari bagian
disertasi saya tentang Guru Sekumpul.
Pengantar
VII
Penyelenggara 20th International Scientific Conferences on Economic
and Social Development menerima makalah saya: A New Creative Model of
Da’wah as a Medium of Economic Development in Indonesia. Saya dan Ismi
Rajiani ditugaskan Rektor ULM ke Praha, Republik Ceko mengikuti konferensi.
Pendek kisah, sejak itu mengikuti berbagai seminar, konferensi atau pelatihan
ke belahan dunia: Spanyol, Australia, Jepang, Filipina, Thailand, dan negara
lainnya. Saya pun berinisiatif mengadakan beberapa kali seminar dan konferensi
internasional di ULM.
Kumpulan tulisan dalam buku ini merupakan tulisan yang dipublish di
jurnal internasional bereputasi. Alhamdulillah, saya memperoleh predikat
Profesor berkat memenuhi syarat artikel jurnal internasional bereputasi
terpenuhi. Baraqallah.
Semogalah buku Menulis Artikel Jurnal Internasional ini bermanfaat
adanya. Aamiin Ya Rabbal Alamin.
Banjarmasin, 17 Agustus 2020
Pengantar
viii
DAFTAR ISI
PENGANTAR ......................................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................... ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................... 1
BAB II ARTIKEL JURNAL INTERNASIONAL SCOPUS Q 2 ................................. 11
The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing
Particular Personality Traits
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Sutarto Hadi, Ismi Rajiani ........................ 13
The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes
on the Profitability of Top Hotels in the Visegrad Group Countries
Rodovan Bacik, Richard Fedorko, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas
Martin Rigelsky, Viera Ivankova, Karina Obsatnikova ....................... 29
High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial
Leadership, Employee Creativity and Knowledge Sharing
I.G. Riana, I Nengah Aristana, I Gede Rihayana,
N.L.P. Wiagustini, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas ........................................... 47
Managing Information Systems by Integrating Information System
Success Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance
and Usage of Technology
M. Harlie, Hairul, Ismi Rajiani, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas ............... 65
Managing E-Learning in Public Universities by Investigating
the Role of Culture
Sarbaini, Jumadi, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Ismi Rajiani ............... 79
Managing Corporate Sustainability by Revitalizing Balinese
Cultural Identity
T.G.R. Sukawati, I. Gede Riana, Ismi Rajiani,
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas ....................................................................... 93
Daftar Isi
IX
BAB III ARTIKEL JURNAL INTERNASIONAL SCOPUS Q 4 ................................ 107
The Life of Islamic Boarding School Students
As A Model of Reinforcing The Eroded Nationalism
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Syaharuddin, Mutiani,
Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat Putra, Jumriani,
` Muhammad Rezky Noor Handy ............................................................... 109
Competency of Critical Literation of Students Living in The Bank
of River Area in Banjarmasin City
Jumadi, Nasrullah, Syaharuddin, Mutiani,
Jumriani, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas ..................................................... 125
Study on Economic Values Thrugh The Activities of The Manager
in Kampung Purun, Palam Village Banjarbaru
Mutiani, Julia Armiyanti Lestari, Jumriani, Nina Permatasari
Syaharuddin, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas ................................................ 139
Mutual Coorperation Values Enhancement During
The Commemoration of The Late Eniment Ulema
of Saouth Kalimanatan
Syaharuddin, Mutiani, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas,
Jumriani, Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat Putra,
Muhammad Rezky Noor Handy ............................................................... 155
SUMBER ARTIKEL ......................................................................................................... 175
PENULIS ........................................................................................................................... 179
Daftar Isi
x
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
Pendahuluan
1
Pendahuluan
2
1. 1. Menulis Sebagai Tugas Keseharian
Tugas utama dosen di perguruan tinggi dinotasikan sebagai Tri
Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang dipilah kepada: pendidikan dan pengajaran,
penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Dapat dipastikan, dalam
ketiga ranah tugas tersebut, menulis merupakan hal melekat. Bagi seorang
dosen, menulis artikel, termasuk artikel jurnal internasional bereputasi,
semestinya bukanlah hal sulit. Sebab, sebagian besar aktivitasnya
bersentuhan kalaulah tidak tepat dikatakan berbasis menulis.
Pada ranah pendidikan dan pengajaran, tugas seorang dosen
menerjemahkan kurikulum dalam arti membuat kerangka perkuliahan,
mendisain pembelajaran sampai mengevaluasi. Pada rangkaian tugas
tersebut, apalagi dalam penyiapan materi ajar, dosen harus menulis. Tentu,
dosen yang berkemampuan menyajikan materi yang baik adalah mereka
yang meraup, memahami, dan menuliskan apa yang disajikan. Dosen
hebat, bukan hanya menggunakan karya atau buku para pakar, tetapi
menulis bahan ajar. Dosen yang mengolah bahan ajar dari berbagai sumber
adalah dosen penulis. Menulis merupakan implementasi tugasnya.
Pada ranah penelitian dimulai dari membuat proposal, bahkan
untuk mengajukan surat permohonan penelitian setelah proposal memenuhi
syarat, harus ditulis. Penelitian sebagus apapun bila tidak ditulis tidak akan
tersambungkan ke dunia akademik. Para pegagap pembuat proposal atau
laporan penelitian adalah mereka yang tidak fasih menulis. Menulis (laporan)
penelitian sangat penting, sebab pada laporan penelitian tersebut
tergambar kualitas penelitian.
Bagi dosen, dari laporan penelitian, ada ”keharusan” menulis artikel
ilmiah. Artikel ilmiah bertingkat-tingkat kategorinya. Saat ini, Kementerian
Ristek Dikti (Kemendikbud) menentukan ”kualitas” artikel dari pengindeks
Scopus rujukan puncak dan jurnal kategori SINTA. Scopus terpilah menjadi
empat quarter: Q1, Q2, Q3, dan Q4 dan SINTA: S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, dan
S6. Manakala mengajukan predikat profesor seseorang harus
mempublikasikan (beberapa) artikel di jurnal internasional bereputasi
dengan minimal satu artikel Q1 atau Q2. Sesuatu yang tidak mudah.
Pendahuluan
3
Pada pengabdian kepada masyarakat, sebagaimana penelitian,
rangkainnya berpadu dengan berbagai hal yang harus ditulis. Tidak dapat
tidak, sebelum beraksi di lapangan, kemampuan menulis dituntut. Ya,
banyak hal dilakukan tanpa ditulis bukan saja tidak akan terdokumentasikan,
tetapi akan hilang ditelan waktu. Aktivitas yang ditulis akan tersambung
kepositifannya dari generasi ke generasi.
Tanpa maksud untuk menohok, seseorang pernah berkata:
”Manakala seorang dosen melakukan pekerjaannya secara baik dan benar,
mustahil dia berkesulitan menulis”. Entahlah. Yang pasti, saya yang terbiasa
menulis beragam hal, ketika menulis artikel untuk seminar, konferensi,
apalagi jurnal internasional bereputasi, harus memusnahkan mental block
seperti takut ”hantu” rejeck.
Kalau sudah demikian, menyadari adanya mental block berarti
berupaya ke luar dari area mental tidak mendukung aktivitas menulis
tersebut. Kiat yang dilakukan dengan membangun semangat: ”Kamu pasti
bisa”. Agar lebih powerful, memotivasi diri, diminta menulis makalah untuk
dipresentasikan dalam semalam dipenuhi, mengapa tidak bisa menulis
artikel jurnal internasional yang waktunya bisa diatur? Beratus-ratus artikel
atau esai ditulis, kenapa susah menulis artikel jurnal internasional?
Ketika ditantang penerbit, dalam enam hari, saya menyelesaikan
naskah buku tentang menulis, kini kenapa tidak? Diminta membuat tulisan
untuk media cetak, apalagi new analysis ditulis dalam 10 menit. Apalagi
terlatih menulis cepat pidato, beberapa jam sebelum dipidatokan. Hmm,
bisa? Menulis artikel jurnal internasional kenapa susah?
Maksud saya, disitulah fungsi teman yang mampu memberi
keyakinan bahwa menulis artikel jurnal internasional dapat dilakukan. Harap
dicatat, saya bukan saja menulis berbagai hal, tetapi juga diundang ke
berbagai tempat untuk pelatihan atau sharing menulis, masih berkesulitan.
Bayangkan mereka yang tidak membiasakan menulis. Apalagi, yang kalau
menulis penelitian, buku ajar, pengabdian kepada masyarakat sebagai
penumpang, menumpang teman atau yunior. Sungguh berkesusahan.
Kalau demikian adanya, lalu bagaimana?
Pendahuluan
4
1. 2 Memusnahkan Kesombongan
Sebagai penulis puluhan artikel, dari artikel ala kadarnya sampai
untuk dipresentasikan di level internasional, bagi saya menulis dimaknai
sebagai tantangan. Kalau artikel umum, saya telah menulis ratusan artikel
dengan dampingan menulis puisi, cerpen, dan novel. Saya telah menulis
sekitar 100 buku. 100 buku? Yes.
Oh ya, buku motivasi menulis, buku tentang menulis dalam
gaungan Ersis Writing Theory (EWT) telah saya tulis 27 buku dan akan
terus bertambah, Insya Allah. Menulis bukanlah kesulitan. Tetapi, pembaca
sekalian, menulis artikel jurnal internasional, jujur saja saya tidak piawai.
Karena itu, pada awalnya tidak menggebu-gebu meraih predikat profesor.
Saya menyiapkan masa pensiun dengan membangun kolam ikan. Duh,
nikmatnya menulis di masa pensiun.
Akan tetapi, pada suatu kali Rektor ULM, Prof. Dr. Sutarto Hadi,
M.Sc., M.Si. berkata: ”Saya ingin Pak Ersis menjadi Profesor”. Saya tidak
terlalu merespon. Pak Rektor mempertemukan saya dengan Ismi Rajiani
dan kemudian kami ditugaskan mengikuti konferensi di Praha, Republik
Ceko. Ya, sudah. Saya harus menulis artikel untuk dipresentasikan.
Tantangan Pak Rektor diterima. Tentu tidak pada tempatnya apa yang
didiskusikan ditulis. Entah nanti.
Begitulah. Ismi Rajiani merubah pola menulis saya. Saya menulis
abstrak beberapa jam sebelum batas akhir pengiriman yang menjadikan
Ismi sewot. Sebaliknya, dia tersenang ketika dikirimkan full paper
sesudahnya. Ke Ismi? Ya. Minta tolong kepadanya untuk diterjemahkan
ke Bahasa Inggris sekaligus memperbaiki. Bahasa Inggris saya ala
kadarnya. Menulis artikel berbahasa Inggris sungguh menampar ulu hati.
Semakin menyadarkan, betapa dungu sebagai dosen. Titik air mata. Tetapi,
tantangan harus dijawab. Tidak akan menyerah.
Setelah powerpoint (Ppt) dipastikan lanjut ke latihan presentasi.
Jangankan kesombongan, kalau ada butir-butir sombong hancur-lebur.
Sepanjang perjalanan Ke Praha dan kemudian mengelanai Eropa Barat,
saya mencurahkan perhatian belajar kepada Ismi.
Pendahuluan
5
Sekalipun belajar, saya tidak kalah akal menggoda Ismi: ”Sebagai
guru menulis artikel ilmiah Sampeyan hebat, tetapi jangan runtuhkan saya,
misalnya dalam menulis perjalanan”. Sekembali dari Eropa menerbitkan
buku: Konferensi dan Raun-Raun: Amsterdam. Berlin. Praha. Vienna. Zurich.
Paris (2017). Dalam hal ini mustahil Ismi mengungguli saya.
Kata-kata Ismi yang sangat mendalam: ”Artikel jurnal internasional
bereputasi bukanlah ringkasan penelitian. Penelitian sebagai basik. Harus
dibeking vovelty”. Dan, bla-bla. Pokoknya kuliah penulisan artikel dalam
perjalanan. Ketika presentasi di Melbourne, Australia, mendapat pelajaran
lebih ”keras”. Saya menulis artikel ”Social Life of Santri in the Bank of
Martapura River as the Learning Sources of Social Science Studies” di ho-
tel, di Melbourne, membangunkan Ismi menjelang Subuh: ”Tu Ppt belum
jadi”. Ppt dibuat beberapa jam sebelum presentasi. Saya tidak mau kalah.
Presentasi berbahasa Inggris ala kadarnya dan ketika ada yang bertanya
dan mempertanyakan saya persilakan Ismi menjawab.
Artinya, kondisi apapun jangan dijadikan alasan untuk tidak menulis
(artikel) dan jangan takut tampil. Buang sombong dan kesombongan, atau
lebih tepat, malu. Setiap diri mempunyai rasa malu, nah agar jangan
dipermalukan belajarkan diri.
Artinya Ismi, guru dadakan saya, mengajarkan, jangan pernah
mengandalkan orang lain. Saya mustahil berjurus ”berbau neraka”,
beralasan atas ketidakmampuan. Saatnya memusnakan kesombongan,
sombong untuk tidak membelajarkan diri. Jangan beralasan. Yaps,
sekalipun kami bepergian ke banyak tempat, harus dibedakan antara
keperluan dan tugas pribadi dengan keperluan dan tugas bersama.
Saya agak menyesal, mengapa setua ini diberi pelajaran pahit
pembelajaran sedemikian. Sekalipun demikian, sesempit apapun
kesempatan untuk belajar digunakan: ”Usaha tidak akan mendustai hasil”.
Ternyata, saya tidak seganas Ismi menjadi guru atau motivator. Yess, jangan
pelihara sombong. Belajarkan diri. Cara itu sebenarnya yang saya terapkan
membimbing beberapa orang yang sharing menulis, dan Alhamdulillah,
banyak yang menjadi penulis lebih hebat dari saya.
Pendahuluan
6
1. 3 Menulis Membelajaran Diri
Menulis artikel untuk jurnal internasional bereputasi, satu-satunya
caranya ya dengan membelajarkan diri. Empat artikel saya tulis dari bagian
disertasi dan penelitian lainnya yang ”diblejeti” Ismi sesukanya dan
kemudian dialihbahasakan. Istilah yang kami gunakan ”diurut”. Beberapa
artikel dikerjasamakan dengan penulis lain. Saya bersemangat ke luar
negeri dengan Ismi guna menjalin komunikasi dengan penyelenggara
seminar atau penerbit jurnal. Persahabatan akan memudahkan. Kiranya
itulah kiat Ismi dan Sutarto dalam kemitraan internasional. Internasionalisasi
ULM, satu diantaranya, bekerjasama dalam publikasi.
Sekalipun kemampuan menulis jurnal internasional saya masih
dalam tahap belajar, kami melajukan dengan menggelar pelatihan
penulisan. Saya sekadar mengungkap pengalaman yang materinya
disajikan Ismi Rajiani dan disempurnakan Sutarto Hadi, penulis artikel
internasional bereputasi yang menjabat Rektor ULM.
Menjadi nara sumber sekaligus peserta sungguh pengalaman
pembelajaran menulis. Terkadang saya merenung, betapa susahnya
menulis artikel internasional, kalau demikian, kapan ya menjadi penulis
profesionalnya? Ternyata, pertanyaan tersebut tidak perlu dijawab. Sebab,
sesuatu yang susah dicapai. Kenapa?
Seperti ditulis pada bagian terdahulu, dalam membelajarkan diri
sembari membunuh kesombongan, menghempaskan pikiran dan perasaan
antara diterima dan ditolak, dan segala hal melelahkannya, ternyata artikel
yang dipresentasikan dan dipublish semakin bertambah. Hal tersebut yang
hendak saya tekankan kepada teman-teman peserta pelatihan kami. Lalu,
kenapa dikait-kaitkan dengan kesombongan?
Saya pernah didatangai seseorang yang berbicara bernada tinggi.
”Sejauh yang saya pelajari, dan sebagaimana pengalamam saya, apa yang
saya tulis sudah betul”, katanya. Saya tidak terlalu merespon. ”Kita ikuti
saja apa yang disampaikan Ismi. Kalau Sampeyan yakin, saya doakan
dipublish”. Saya mengutarakan selingkung penerbit yang berbeda antara
satu dengan yang lain.
Pendahuluan
7
Kepadanya mustahil memberi masukan karena prinsipnya sudah
berkarat. Tetapi, sebaliknya kepada beberapa yunior sangat memberi
harapan. Bahwa pada mulanya ada yang sewot dibimbing karena tanpa
basa-basi, itu soal cara. Bagi orang tertentu perlu pembelajaran keras.
Sebab, keangkuhan, kata tukaran sombong, telah membeku.
“OK”, kata saya. ”Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasimu bagus. Buktinya
kuliahmu selesai, lulus memuaskan”. Kebanggaannya terhempas ketika
saya tegaskan ”Tetapi ingat. Itu bukan murni karyamu”. Saya tidak menuliskan
reaksinya. Pokoknya emosilah.
Setelah saya jelaskan, dan juga berharap kepadanya, peran
pembimbing jangan sampai dinafikan. Bayangkan, kalau tanpa
pembimbing, apakah bisa selesai? Dibimbing saja memerlukan waktu
bertahun-tahun. Dari rancangan awal, judul, pola pikir, sampai referensi
diberi petunjuk, apalagi analisis dan simpulan. Dia mulai menyimpan
kesombongannya.
”Kalaulah dari mengajukan proposal, meneliti, menulis skripsi, tesis
dan disertasi sampai mempublish artikel penelitian yang dibimbing tersebut,
dilalui dengan sungguh-sungguh, kenapa susah menulis artikel jurnal
internasional?”. Dia terdiam. Tentu dia tidak paham, bahwa nasehat tersebut
sebenarnya saya tujukan untuk diri sendiri he he.
Bisa pula, soalnya adalah ketidakterlatihan menulis artikel
(internasional) sehingga berkesusahan. Dus, hilangkan kesombongan,
belajarkan diri, dan banyak teman yang fasih menulis artikel internasional
untuk dimintai tolong sekaligus layak dijadikan guru. Sebab, dalam bahasa
umumnya, menulis itu bertingkat-tingkat dalam arti tidak ada satu pola dan
kualitas menulis yang ampuh untuk semua keperluan. Implikasinya kita
harus selalu membelajarkan diri.
Hal penting lainnya, jadikan hal terdahulu, kejadian terdahulu,
prestasi atau kegagalan terdahulu sebagai pembelajaran. Kalau baik,
dikembangkan agar lebih baik, kalau buruk, dijadikan pembelajaran agar
menjadi baik. Kalaulah tidak bisa menulis sendiri, dalam membelajarkan
diri, ada ranah kolaborasi. Santuy-kan pola pikirnya. Enjoy.
Pendahuluan
8
1. 4 Menulis Berkolaborasi
Sudah menjadi kebijakan kementerian dan universitas bahwa dalam
perkuliahan, penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berkolaborasi,
dalam arti dalam bentuk tim. Dalam perkuliahan dikenal dengan istilah team
teaching. Halnya bukan saja, misalnya senior membimbing yunior,
melainkan antara senior dengan senior bekerja sama. Aksi kolaborasi yang
tengah digaungkan antar universitas, dalam negeri atau luar negeri.
Kolaborasi kata yang popular di kampus.
Mengikuti pola kolaborasi, kalau Sampeyan masih selevel dengan
saya dalam kemampuan memulis, tempatkan diri sebagai pembelajar.
Malu? Gengsi? Tidak bermutu? Buang persepsi tersebut. Ismi Rajiani
ataupun Sutarto Hadi yang belakangan menjadi andalan kolaborasi saya,
atau yunior di kampus yang khusus dibimbing, ditempatkan sebagai ranah
pembelajaran diri. Sekalipun demikian, belajar bukan dalam arti mengemis
lho ya. Maksudnya?
Ya, belajar dalam kolaborasi jangan hanya meminta. Kolaborasi,
bekerjasama dengan posisi pembelajaran. Pada katup sedemikian prinsip
take and give menjadi rujukan. Penjabaran aplikatifnya bersama membangun
tulisan. Kalau memakai istilah pilar pendidikan UNESCO: learning to live
together.
Dalam praktik menulis artikel jurnal internasional memang tidak
mudah disamping kualitas menjadi hal utama dan persyaratan penerbit
(jurnal) tidak dapat dihindarkan. Sebagai orang yang berkehendak artikel
dimuat, mau tidak mau, harus ikut aturan jurnal bersangkutan. Satu hal,
untuk biaya misalnya, bagi saya mahal. Sekalipun, ada jurnal yang tidak
perlu membayar manakala kita mau mempublish tulisan kita. Saya sadar,
kapasitas saya belum sehebat itu.
Suatu kali kami diminta melakukan penelitian local wisdom di Bali.
Diantara obyek yang diteliti, satu diantara kehandalan local wisdom dalam
aplikasi bisnis modern. Ismi menuangkan penelitian tersebut sebagai karya
bersama. Oleh penerbit, diberi ucapan terima kasih, dan tidak membayar
untuk publikasi. Ismi sangat lincah untuk hal sedemikian.
Pendahuluan
9
Dengan kata lain, menulis artikel jurnal internasional hendaklah
dimulai dari kemauan individual yang dikolaborasikan dengan teman-teman
agar derapnya menjadi sebagaimana diharapkan. Ibarat kata: banyak cara
dapat ditempuh manakala berkehendak ke Mekkah.
Salam menulis, menulis adalah tantangan. Menulis artikel jurnal
internasional memang memerlukan perjuangan.
Selamat berjuang.
Pendahuluan
10
BAB II
ARTIKEL JURNAL
INTERNASIONAL SCOPUS Q2
BAB II Artikel Jurnal Internasional Scopus Q2

11
BAB II Artikel Jurnal Internasional Scopus Q2
12
THE PROSPECTIVE INNOVATOR IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY
BY SCRUTINIZING PARTICULAR PERSONALITY TRAITS
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas1, Sutarto Hadi2, Ismi Rajiani3
ABSTRACT
The administrative process innovation was adopted with enthusiasm by the
Western advanced industrialized countries and was taken for granted as a supe-
rior approach that should be practiced. However, public organizations in Indone-
sia are structured and run differently making public sector employees may have
different views toward new ways of doing the job. This article aims to reveal who
innovates in the organization by analyzing typical personality traits. The hypoth-
eses are tested through a sample of 200 employees of public universities lo-
cated in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, and structural equation modeling is used.
Applying Hogan Personality Inventory (HPI), the five-factor personality in this re-
search is labeled as adjustment (neuroticism), sociability (extraversion), likeability
(agreeableness), prudence (conscientiousness), and school success (open-
ness to experience). The results are discussed regarding the implications for
what one can learn from individual-level studies of personality and innovation.
Suggestions are offered to those universities interested in encouraging service
quality in the public sector via innovation.
Key words: five-factor personality, innovation, public sector, Indonesia
Article history:
Received August 13, 2018; Revised September 25, 2018; Accepted October 12,
2018. Published: 2018-12-30. DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2018.18.1.01GICID: 01.3001.
0012.8184. Issue: Polish Journal of Management Studies 2018; 18 (1): 9-19.
https://pjms.zim.pcz.pl/resources/html/article/details?id=183832
1. Ismi Rajiani. Lambung Mangkurat University. rajiani@ulm.ac.id
2. Sutarto Hadi. Lambung Mangkurat University. sutarto.hadi@ulm.ac.id
3. Ersis Warmasyah Abbas. Lambung Mangkurat University. ersiswa@ulm.ac.id
Particular Personaliy Traits 13
I. INTRODUCTION
In Southeast Asia, scholars have become gradually interested in
examining innovation in the public sector due to current expectation and
demands from the stakeholders (Ab Rahman et al., 2018). One should
make clear distinction that if innovation in the business sector aims at im-
proving business performance (Mol and Birkinshaw, 2014), then in public
sector, innovation aims at improving the quality of public services (Mulgan,
2014) as well as to harnessing the problem-solving capacity of govern-
mental organizations in coping with societal challenges (De Vries et al.,
2016). Commonly, public sector innovation is associated with reform move-
ments like New Public Management (NPM) (Pollitt and Bouckaert 2017)
and electronic government (Homburg, 2018).
In the Indonesian context, the urgency of innovation in the public
sector has commenced being a concern since the shift of government
system from centralization to decentralization. Until 2001, the Indonesian
business processes was still fully manual, slow, costly, and vulnerable to
leakage. Several laws were imposed as the normative basis for local
governments to innovate in administering governance in region and since
then some provinces in Indonesia has become the best practice refer-
ences in implementing innovation in public service for having institutional
innovation through capacity building and the mindset changing from bu-
reaucratic to entrepreneur mindset as requested by New Public Manage-
ment initiatives (Common, 2017). However, the results of previous research
(Darono and Irawati, 2015) indicated that Indonesian public sector appara-
tus prefer to work conventionally instead of operating technology informa-
tion-based.
The literature reviews on public innovation conductedin recent
years aim to conceptually, rather than empirically on the basis of explicitdata
such as in case studies and surveys, grasp the meaning and importance
of public sectorinnovation (De Vries et al., 2016) including the one from
Indonesia (for instance, Ahmad, 2018). Other researchers in Indonesia
address this challenge through an interpretive research paradigm (for ex-
14 Particular Personaliy Traits
ample, Darono and Irawati, 2015). This phenomenon can become a vital
shortcoming as systematic overviews of empirical evidence areessential
to conclude the existing, evidence-based body of knowledge and
toestablish a future research direction on a newly emerging trend of public
innovation.
In the globalization era, to swim with the current trend, the public
sector must have aninnovation imperative in which being successfulin in-
novation is compulsory for national growth and survival. It occurs at an
individual, business, andnational level and has risks and challenges at
each level. A crucial focus for research, then, concerns the drivers of inno-
vation. Which factors are associated with high and low innovation perfor-
mance? Since public service motivation is strongly influenced by core
personality traits (Van Witteloostuijn et al., 2016), and in the process of
innovation, specific knowledge in an individual becomes a vital constitu-
ent (Urbancova, 2013), we empirically test the relationship between
personalityand innovation reflected in the achievement of innovation out-
come of the public sector.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter, a literature review (the theoretical bases), presents
the research results related to the big five personality traits and innovation
in the public sector environment.
The Five-Factor Model
Though considerable work has been invested in identifying which
traits characterize an individual’s personality and thereby make him or her
different from other people (Judge and Zapata, 2015; Sutin et al., 2016;
Mõttus et al., 2017; Sleep et al., 2018, Cristea, 2017), personality psy-
chologists finally have agreed to five personality constructs called as the
Big Five are sufficient to describe the fundamental dimensions of normal
personality (Oshio et al., 2018). McCrae and Sutin (2018) have reassured
that the five-factor personality is not inventions of western psychologists;
they are part of human nature of general dispositions that somehow find
expression in every culture.
The Five-Factor Model states that all personality traits can be sum-
marized into five main factors: Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness
to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness (McCrae, 2015).
Neuroticism includes the traits that represent characteristics such as vul-
nerability to stress, emotional lability, and a tendency toward negative mood
states. Extraversion specifies the level of external versus internal orienta-
tion. It covers elements such as confidence, passion, positive emotional-
ity, and willingness to involve with the sociophysical environment. Open-
ness to Experience describes one's desire to engage in, or with, novel
experiences and ideas. Opennessincludes any category of new knowl-
edge, including the appreciation of modern art, acceptance of alternative
value systems, and the desire to listen to challenging philosophies and
worldviews. Agreeableness is more or less as the label implies. Persons
who scored high on this would be described as trustworthy, honest, com-
pliant, and modest. It measures the manner in which one conducts his or
her social relationships. Finally, Conscientiousness captures such aspects
as one's sense of duty, desire to achieve, willingness to complete tasks
to a high standard, and self-discipline (Steel et al., 2012). Hogan (2005)
developed self-report inventory to measure Big Five factor where the di-
mension of the Big Five is labeled as Adjustment (Emotional Stability),
Sociability (Extraversion), Likeability (Agreeableness), Prudence (Consci-
entiousness) and School Success (Openness to Experience). Adjustment,
sociability, and prudence are positively related with individualism (Hofstede
and McCrae, 2004), while as a collectivist society, Indonesian is scored
low on these dimensions. In this context, these variables are excluded
from the model.
Management Innovation
Although beginning to attract academic interest, management in-
novation remains an under-researched topic (Nieves and Ciprés, 2015).
Scholars have started emphasizing that, to be optimal, technological inno-
vation needs to be combined with management innovation (Damanpour
and Aravind, 2012). If technological innovation is concerned with the intro-
duction of changes in technology relating to an organization's primary ac-
tivity, management innovation reflects changes in the way management
work is done, involving a departure from traditional processes (i.e., what
managers do as part of their jobs); in practices (i.e., the routines that turn
ideas into actionable tools); in structure (i.e., the way in which responsibil-
ity is allocated); and in techniques (i.e., the procedures used to accom-
plish a specific task or goal). About this, Mol and Birkinshaw (2014) pro-
pose that management innovation tends to emerge through necessity, as
opposed to technological innovations that may first be developed in a
laboratory and for which an application may subsequently be found.
Mol (2018) define management innovation as the generation and
implementation of new management practice, process, structure, or tech-
nique that is recent to state of the art and is aimed at further organizational
goals. Innovation in the public sector is defined as the creation and imple-
mentation of new processes, products, services, and methods of deliv-
ery that will create improvements in the efficiency, effectiveness or quality
of outcomes (Mulgan, 2014). In this context, innovation in public sector
resembles management innovation where the difference is only in the
place of practice where management innovation occurs in the business
setting while the later is the government agencies. In the public sector,
innovation can be triggered by several factors such as the shift in govern-
ment policies, stakeholder push, technological adoption, or individuals
awareness toward something new to improve the way they work (Darono
and Irawati, 2015). Observing the current literature on public sector innova-
tion (e.g., De Vries et al., 2016; Pollitt and Bouckaert, 2017; Man and
Rava?, 2017), we conclude that the documentaries depend heavily on
intra-organizational process innovations, which are strictly connected to
two significant changing flux in public administration, namely NPM and e-
government. Further, the objectives of public sector innovation are not
only increasing effectiveness and efficiency (Kim et al., 2009), tackling
societal problems, improving customer satisfaction (Turner et al., 2011),
as well as involving citizens and private partners (Carter and Bélanger,
2005).
III. DATA AND METHODOLOGY

This research employs quantitative methods to analyze which
personality traits of government employees were tending to achieve inno-
vation practices in the public sector. Samples of 200 civil servants were
obtained from 2 (two) public universities in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
Province, Indonesia. This area is chosen as until now it has never re-
ceived an award from the central government in public service innovation.
Common civil service practice, the government bodies in this province
recruited predominantly high school and university graduates, who en-
tered the employment hierarchy at basic entry levels. Selection empha-
sized applicants' educational qualifications and paid little regardless to
work experience gained from other organizations. Although some civil
service-style personnel practices were reformed, essential counter-pro-
ductive elements were retained, including seniority-based promotions and
lifetime employment. Conditioned this way, the authors applied purposive
random sampling by intentionally selected employees in the lowest hier-
archy as they performed the service based on the instruction mandated
by the law through the reinforcement from immediate supervisors. The
purposive sampling technique is a non-probability sampling that is prima-
rily used when one needs to study for sure what needs to be examined
and determine who can and are willing to provide the information under
knowledge or experience (Oliver and Jupp, 2006).
Path analysis with Partial Least Square was used to test the rela-
tionship of personality and innovation. As PLS is well known for the capa-
bility of handling small sample sizes and few indicators, a sample num-
bered 100 to 200 is usually a good starting point in carrying out path mod-
eling (Goodhue et al., 2012).

The data for personality was collected by standard questioners
developed by Hogan (2005) and self-adjusted questionnaires to measure
the inclination to innovate. Based on the theoretical framework which was
detailed in the previous part of the paper, the following research hypoth-
eses were set before the research:
The research hypothesis 1 (H1): Hypothesis 1: On its established
links to be welleducated, school success is positively associated with
innovation.
The research hypothesis 2 (H2): Likeability is positively associ-
ated with innovation since being easy to live with, and sensitivity to others
are critical to managing innovation networks.
IV. RESULTS
The inner model of this research is shown in Figure 1.

The result summary for reflective outer models is presented in Table 1.
Conventionally, “Cronbach’s alpha” is used to measure reliability

in social science research but it tends to provide a conservative measure-
ment in PLS-SEM. Prior literature has suggested the use of “Average Vari-
ance Extraction (AVE) for convergent validity" as a replacement (Hair et
al., 2012). From Table 1, such values are shown to be larger than 0.5 so
high levels of convergent reliability have been demonstrated among all
three reflective latent variables (Bagozzi et al., 1988; Hair et al., 2012). The
score for the path coefficient and p-values in the inner modelare shown in
Table 2.
The result indicates that the school success traits (those with good
memory, good education, good at math as well as good at reading) posi-
tively affect the implementation of public sector innovation to increase ef-
fectiveness, to improve efficiency, to tackle societal problems, to increase
customer satisfaction, to involve citizens, and to engage private partners.
The path coefficient for this construct is 0.384, and the p-value is 0.00.
Similarly, likeability traits (those who are easy to live with, sensitive, car-
ing, like people and no feeling of hostility) positively influence the imple-
mentation of public sector innovation to increase effectiveness, to improve
efficiency, to tackle societal problems, to increase customer satisfaction,
to involve citizens, and to include private partners. The path coefficient for
this construct is 0.353, and the p-value is 0.00.
The model goodness of fit is measured with the Stone–Geisser
Q-square test for predictive relevance (Chin, 2010) with the formula:
Q2 = 1 – (1 – R1 2) (1 – R2 2) ... (1- Rn 2)
The coefficient of determination (R2) for school success and
likeability is 0.40 and 0.36 respectively. Based on these figures, the Q-
square predictive relevance is calculated as follows:
Q 2 = 1 - (1 - R1 2) (1 – R2 2)
= 1 - (1 – 0.40) (1-0.36)
= 1 - (0.60) (0.64)
= 1 – 0.384 = 0.616 (61.6%)
Since Q-squares is greater than 0.5, the model is stable and the
predictive relevance requirement is satisfactory.
V. DISCUSSION
The primary hypothesis in this research was that there is a rela-
tionship between personality factors and achieving public sector innova-
tion objective. The multivariate statistical test has provided sufficient sup-
port where school success (openness to experience) and likeability (agree-
ableness) traits proved positive associations with innovation. These find-
ings indicate that at least certain aspects of personality, as measured by
the Hogan Personality Index; play an essential role in innovative activity in
the public sector. Even though public sector is somewhat different from

business sectors regarding the objective of the innovation, the finding of
this research is in line with the result that school success and likeability are
factors of personality related to innovation (Steel et al., 2012). George and
Zhou (2001) assert that employees with high school scoresappreciate for
things that are novel and unique due to their higher sensitivity to and range
of experience may cause themto show up with innovative solutions to
problems and creative ideas to improve on current practices. De Vries et
al. (2016) in their review of characteristics of individuals who innovate in
public sector listed the factors of employee autonomy (empowerment),
organizational position, job-related knowledge and skills, creativity (risk-
taking, solving of problems), demographic aspects, commitment/satisfac-
tion with job, shared perspective and norms and innovation acceptance
as the most determinant factors. Likeability (agreeableness) relates to get-
ting along with others in comfortable and satisfying interaction (Matzler et
al., 2011). Patterson et al. (2009) indicated the significance of cooperation,
communication, articulation, and social networking of employees for suc-
cessful innovations.
The discussion mentioned above implies that employees
withschool success and likeability personality will innovate if the situation
allows for the manifestation of creativity, eg. being empowered. This way,
the duty of line managers is to develop the condition for innovation and
creativity (Lichtarski and Trenkner, 2018;
Ulewicz and Kuceba, 2016).
The organization has possessed people required in public sec-
tor innovation rhetoric yet the progress has remained slow and unconvinc-
ing. This way, we examine the status quo by using institutional analysis
theory. Holland (2007) observing from a public policy reform point of view,
defined institutional analysis as an exploration based on understanding
how some rules mediate and distort, sometimes fundamentally, the ex-
pected impacts of public policy.The current practice now is that employee
performance is run by completing out evaluation sheet known as Daftar
Penilaian Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan (DP3, literally: Work Implementation
Evaluation Register). The DP3 approach emphasized intangible employee
attributes such as responsibility, loyalty, honesty, cooperativeness, gen-
eral attitude, and initiative, rather than on output. The DP3 assessment was
usually favorable, and there was little differentiation among employees.
As a result, nearly all individuals received an automatic salary increase
every two years, and an automatic salary grade increases every four years.
In circumstances where DP3 focus on ‘loyalty' as the principal indicator of
‘performance,' employees had little opportunity to improve productivity
by being creative and innovative. Those scoring high in school success
and likeability, thereby contributed more to company performance might
be demotivated by finding the fruits of their labors going disproportion-
ately to ‘free riders'. As Van Witteloostuijn et al. (2016) denote that public
service motivation is strongly affected by core personality traits -- in this
case school success and likeability– the spirit of innovation owned by
these types of personality is gradually diminished due to a conducive
working environment.
The relationship between school success and innovation implies
that public sector leaders should encourage people to model different
thought as a way to boost the economic growth; civil servants should be
willing to consider unconventional or unusual alternatives regardless of their
place in the innovation process. Further, the findings concerning likeability
suggest that those who deal initially with society in providing services should
be informed that their greatest asset when dealing with people is their repu-
tation as an honest person; one whom the community can trust.
VI. CONCLUSION
While innovation has been one of the most addressed topics
among business practitioner as well as academic discussion, most re-
search has tended to address innovation as the development of new tech-
nology, products, and services.Consequently, technological innovation
has become a mantra in innovation research. As organizations are con-
fronted with increased competition and a rushingleap of technological
change, they need to consider a nontechnological innovation that is more
challenging to replicate and may give a longer lasting competitive advan-
tage. These non-technological forms of nnovations have been referred to
management innovation. The success story of the most admired Southeast
Asian company Air Asia is an excellent example that owes its success to
management innovation, not technology innovation. Public sector innovation
has become a fundamental issue on the agenda of policymakers and aca-
demics when discussing the role of government in the era of economy 4.0.
Since the government all over the world is currently adopting the
model of business practice under the label of New Public management,
the public sector is gradually changing the nature of control within organi-
zations by for adapting organizational structures, processes, and prac-
tices to generate a valuable source of competitive advantage. In case of
the public university in Indonesia, of administrative process innovation
remains slow even though the ministry of research and higher education
has started to includeinnovation as one of evaluated elements in deter-
mining the rank of the university besides human resources, management,
research, and students’ achievement.
As management innovation both in business and public sector
are still relatively under-researched, a better understanding of manage-
ment innovation or administrative process innovation should be high on
the research agenda. Given thatinnovation occurs in a trajectory following
a particular path, identifying which individuals will innovate by observing
the personality factors is a good starting point of departure.However, a
limitation of the current study is the nature of the sample which isdrawn
from two public universities making the generalizability of the results toother
public services is unknown.
Thus, it is possible that the relationshipsbetween personality di-
mensions and workplace behavior may varyacross Indonesia. Future re-
searchers could investigate the comparison of the personality traits per-
forming innovation in the public sector in other countries not only in Indo-
nesia or expand into the more heterogeneous sample of respondents.
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THE IMPACT OF SELECTED QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ATTRIBUTES ON THE PROFITABILITY OFTOP HOTELS
IN THE VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES
Bacík R.1, Fedorko R.2, Abbas E.W.3, Rigelský M.4, Ivanková V.5, Obšatníková K.6
ABSTRACT
The primary objective of the research was to determine the significance of sat-
isfaction and profitability of the top hotels in the Visegrad Group countries. The
following outputs were included in the analysis: Profitability Return on Assets
(ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), satisfaction assessment with the quality of the
features provided such as Overall Assessment, Personal, Location, Cleanliness,
Comfort, Equipment and the evaluation of Price, Quality and Wi-Fi. Inference
methods, context analysis (Pearson r, Spearman p) and multiple linear regres-
sion were used for the analysis. Data was obtained from the financial statements
database (reporting period 2017) and from the booking portal (beginning of
2018). The sample was defined for the top hotels in the Visegrad Group coun-
tries, i.e. five star hotels (n = 33). One of the most interesting findings was that
there is a relation between satisfaction and profitability (ROE, ROA), however it is
a negative relation, which is contradictory with the research. In particular, the
significant (p value <0.05) impact on ROE was confirmed in case of comfort,
ROA was confirmed in the overall assessment (positive impact) as well as in the
hotel location, price and quality, where it was negative. Negative impacts may
reflect the organization's financial management system, which is a mirror of the
state's financial cost accounting policy.
Key words: tourism, hotels, customer satisfaction, financial performance,
impact, booking
Article history:
Received December 14, 2018; Revised February 04, 2019; Accepted February 24,
2019. Published: 2019-06-30. DOI: 10.17512/pjms. 2019.19.1.04GICID:
01.3001.0013.2679. Polish Journal of Management Studies 2019; 19 (1): 46-58.
1. Radovan Bacík. University of Prešov in Prešov. radovan.bacik@unipo.sk.
2. Richard Fedorko. University of Prešov in Prešov. richard.fedorko@gmail.com
3. Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. Lambung Mangkurat University. ersiswa@ulm.ac.id
4. Martin Rigelský. University of Prešov in Prešov. martin.rigelsky@gmail.com.
5. Viera Ivanková. University of Prešov in Prešov. ivankova.vierka@gmail.com.
6. Karina Obšatníková. University of Prešov in Prešov. karina.obsatnikova@smail.unipo.sk
on the Profitability of TOP Hotels in the Visegrad Group Countries 29
I. INTRODUCTION
The hospitality and tourism industry is one of the sectors currently
most characterized by the tendency of consumers sharing online reviews
on dedicated digital platforms (Amatulli et al., 2019; Gunasekar and
Sudhakar, 2019). Štefko and Pollák (2016) emphasize the importance of
online reputation in this industry.
Hotel customers tend to spread information about accommoda-
tion and other tourism-related products through online reviews (Filieri and
McLeay, 2014; Liu et al., 2013; Park and Allen, 2013; Arsawan et al., 2018),
as well as potential tourism customers consider online reviews when
searching for a hotel (Kim et al., 2011).
Many studies have reported (Shin et al., 2019; Gavilan et al., 2018;
Sparks and Browing, 2011), that a survey of online tourism assessments
has become one of the most influential sources of information for potential
customers in terms of perceived reliability (Casalo et al., 2015), perceived
quality (Radjenovic, 2018; Popovic et al., 2018a; Lorincova et al., 2018;
Melo et al., 2017; Torres et al., 2015) or willingness to pay (Nieto-García et
al., 2017; Luekveerawattana, 2018).
Customers' decision to buy or not to buy a product is based on
positive or negative information about the product they receive from other
customers (Forman et al., 2008). Also, there are supply chain manage-
ment issues (Kot and Kozicka, 2018).
As a result, online reviews also have an impact on financial perfor-
mance. Štefko et al. (2018) on the sample of all Slovak regions draw atten-
tion to the positive changes in the development of tourism reflected in the
indicators that point out its intensity. They also emphasize the possibility of
further development of tourism, for this purpose it is important to focus on
tourism from different perspectives, where we will also consider the ex-
amination of the present study, i.e. the relation between hotel satisfaction
and profitability.

30 on the Profitability of TOP Hotels in the Visegrad Group Countries
II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUN
Nowadays, it is important to understand the hotel's attributes that
contribute to customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction (Gunasekar and
Sudhakar, 2019; Popovic et al., 2018b; Kovács and Gubán, 2017). Štefko
at al. (2016) point out that marketing communication is an element deter-
mining tourism development. Customer satisfaction determinants can be
identified through an analysis of online reviews.
The most important factors according to Huiying et al. (2012) are
the following: food and beverage management, convenience to tourist
destinations and value for money. Customers also pay attention to bed,
reception services, room size and decoration. Reyner at al. (2017) and
Kuncová et al. (2018) point to the connection of quality of provided ser-
vices and satisfaction of tourism customers. Berezina et al. (2016) note
that satisfied customers willing to recommend the hotel to others refer to
the intangible aspects (i.e. employees) of their accommodation more of-
ten than dissatisfied customers. On the other hand, dissatisfied customers
are more likely to refer to the tangible aspects of their accommodation,
such as equipment and finance. Kim et al. (2016) consider staff satisfaction
and attitude to be the most critical factor, Barreda and Bilgihan (2013) point
out cleanliness, location and staff.
Kuhzady and Ghasemi (2019) note that satisfied customers con-
sider location, room, staff and restaurant to be the most influential factors,
on the contrary, dissatisfied customers consider Wi-Fi, restaurant and room
to be the main determinants of dissatisfaction. There is a clear relation
between satisfaction and online reviews, which is confirmed by many other
studies (Sharifi, 2019; O'Connor, 2005).
Based on several studies (Chi and Gursoy, 2009) we can note that
customer satisfaction has a positive impact on the financial performance of
businesses. Profitability indicators should be used to measure corporate
financial performance.

In the field of food industry, Suchanek and Kralova (2016) with the
help of ROE found that higher customer satisfaction in certain areas of
satisfaction leads to lower business performance. The reason for this is
the higher costs and low benefit ratio of poorly performing companies.
Delen et al. (2013) rely on ROA and ROE profitability indicators. The re-
sults of a study in the banking sector have shown that star ratings and
consumer assessment information included in online reviews have pre-
dicted a significant increase in corporate profitability as measured by ROA
(Tang et al., 2016). Sun and Kim (2013) note that customer satisfaction
positively affects the profitability and value of the hospitality and tourism
business, with the impact of customer satisfaction reflected in the profit
margin, asset return (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and business profitabil-
ity indicators market value added (MVA). Many studies have been de-
voted to the relationship of customer satisfaction and business perfor-
mance (Suchanek and Kralova, 2016; Morgan and Rego, 2006). Xie at al.
(2014) in their study identified the relationship between the commercial
value of online consumer reviews and management's response to the
hotel's performance, showing that overall rating, attribute ratings of pur-
chase value, location and cleanliness, variation and volume of consumer
reviews and the number of management responses are significantly asso-
ciated with hotel performance. According to several authors, a significant
relationship between consumers' online opinions and hotel performance
is evident through indicators such as room sales, room occupancy or
revenue per available room (RevPAR) (De Pelsrnacker et al., 2018;
Raguseo and Vitari, 2017; Viglia et al., 2016; Neirotti et al., 2016; Ye et al.,
2011). Anderson (2012) notes that a 1% increase in the hotel's online repu-
tation has led to a 0.89% increase in price, a 0.54% increase in room
occupancy and a 1.42% increase in RevPAR. This effect in case of well-
known hotel chains has not been confirmed. Duverger (2013) confirms that
user-generated content has a positive impact on hotel market share. From
the point of view of the above-mentioned indicators the problem is analysed,
but the relation between online reviews and the profitability of hotels is

missing. The objective of the present study is to identify the relation be-
tween profitability and satisfaction, i.e. perceived quality, expressed by
online reviews of the top hotels in the Visegrad group countries. The model
also can be used as an alternative model for developing country of Indo-
nesia which usually relies on service performance of knowledge workers
to satisfy hotel customers (Arsawan et al.,2018) as well as subjective norms
as influencers on intention to book hotel on line (Anggraeni and Wijaya,
2019).
III. METHODOLOGY
The primary objective of the research is to determine the signifi-
cance of the relation between satisfaction and profitability of the top hotels
in the Visegrad group countries. Based on the above studies, we formu-
late two main hypotheses:
H1: We assume that there is a significant impact of selected ele-
ments of quality perception on ROE top hotels in the Visegrad
group countries.
H2: We assume that there is a significant impact of selected ele-
ments of quality perception on ROA top hotels in the Visegrad
group countries.
The study examines the impact quality (satisfaction with provided
services expressed in online reviews) of provided services (Rating, Per-
sonal, Location, Cleanliness, Comfort, Equipment, Price, Quality, Wi-Fi)
on Equity Return (ROE = Net Income/Shareholders' Equity) and Return on
Assets (ROA = Net Income/End of Period Assets). These indicators were
calculated by Net income in percentage.
Return on Assets (ROA) shows us how an enterprise can use all of
its assets to generate profit, regardless of the source of funding. The higher
the ROA value, the better it can manage its assets, i.e. making better use
of its assets (Sedlácek, 2011).

Return on Equity (ROE) can be seen as a return on equity and is an
indicator of profitability that measures an enterprise's ability to generate prof-
its. The return on equity tells us how many percent of the owners' deposit
was valued by the business, or the return on equity invested in the busi-
ness. As a result, we can find out whether investing in a business is the right
choice for capital appreciation (Kotulic et al., 2007). From the shareholders'
point of view, it can be argued that return on equity is the best indicator of the
company's performance as an investment (Elayan et al., 2006).
The research can be defined as intradisciplinary, from the point of
view of research as fundamental and from the viewpoint of inputs as sec-
ondary. The inputs were obtained from two sources. The hotel quality evalu-
ation outputs were obtained from the Booking website and the collection
took place in the first months of 2018.
Profitability indicators were obtained from the financial database
of the organization for the 2017 reporting period. The conditions were set
at 31 and more ratings of a particular hotel on the Booking website. We
focused on hotel facilities, i.e. the data was obtained only from five-star
hotels, if the business entity (natural person, legal person) owned more
hotels, we considered the evaluations as average if the business entity
also carried out other business activities not closely related to the provi-
sion of hotel services, it was excluded from the research. The research
was geographically limited to the Visegrad group countries (Czech Re-
public (CZ) n = 15, 45.45%; Hungary (HU) n = 8, 24.24%, Poland (PL) n =
8, 24.24%, Slovakia (SK) n = 2, 6.06%). The following Table 1 shows the
basic description of the variables.

The previous table provides a very specific description of all vari-
ables that entered the analysis. All online reviews (A - H) are calculated by
the arithmetic mean of each ranking, which is on a scale of 1 to 10, where
10 is the best ranking for the area. Rating is a comprehensive review of
the hotel, Personal rating represents satisfaction with staff services, Loca-
tion is a rating of overall satisfaction with the location, Cleanliness evalu-
ates room cleanliness, Comfort evaluates satisfaction with room comfort,
Equipment represents the equipment of the hotel and provided services,
and Wi-Fi represents the satisfaction with internet quality.
The analysis of connections defined in the main objective and
subsequently in the hypotheses was used to analyse the context and then
for analysing the dependence. The exact extent of the relation is defined
by a parametric method (Pearson r) as well as by a nonparametric method
(Spearman's). These methods were chosen based on the conditions where
multivariate normality played a key role, which was verified by Mardia's
normality test. The effect was based on regression OLS models. The con-
ditions, where the stepwise model was used to define the optimal compo-
sition of variables based on VIF, were also tested. Heteroscedasticity
(Breusch-Pagan test) and normality (Shapiro-Wilk test) were also tested.
For the treatment of significant heteroscedasticity, the HC0 White estimator
was used.

IV. RESULTS
The following chapter is divided into two parts. The first part shows
the context analysis. In the second part there will be causal relations be-
tween variables determining satisfaction with the quality of provided ser-
vices and profitability outputs.
* A – Rating; B – Personal; C – Location; D – Cleanliness; E – Comfort;

F – Equipment; G – Price Quality; H – Wifi
The previous Table 2 shows the p Mardia multivariate normality

test values. For pairs with a p value of less than 0.05, we accept that the
difference in the distribution and the ideal normal distribution is significant,
i.e. in these cases, there is no normality. To investigate the relation be-
tween variables where the multivariate normality condition is met, the para-
metric Pearson's correlation coefficient r is used; in case of non-fulfilment
the normality Spearman's p is used.
The following table shows the outputs of the analysis of the rela-
tion between profitability and selected elements of satisfaction with the
quality of hotels.

The previous Table 3 shows the context analysis output. The rela-
tion is shown only in cases where p (Sig.) was lower than a 0.05. In ROE,
the correlation was confirmed in a number of cases where, according to
de Vaus (2002), the association can be seen as negative to moderate and
in the case of price-quality ratio it can be seen as a very strong associa-
tion. In ROA, moderate to substantial rates occurred in Rating, Location,
and Cleanliness. The satisfaction with the price/quality ratio can be seen
as substantial to very strong. The negative relation means that when satis-
faction with a certain quality element of a hotel increases, profitability de-
creases.
H1: We assume that there is a significant impact of selected elements of
quality perception on ROE top hotels in the Visegrad group countries.
The greatest threat to the model and its informative capability is
the collinearity that is predictable as there are a high number of indepen-
dent variables in the model (8). The first step is thus VIF (variance inflation
factor) analysis by stepwise model, where the optimal model was defined
by independent variables like Comfort + Equipment. This model was sub-
jected to heteroscedasticity analysis, where the Breusch-Pagan test shows
that p-value 0.02738 for BP equals 7.1958 and 2 degrees of freedom, thus
the model is considered heteroscedastic. The model residue normality
assumption was verified by means of the Shapiro-Wilk test which shows a
p-value of 0.1681 for W = 0.94058, thus the normality condition is fulfilled.
The following table visualizes the model outputs where p value
wasestimated based on the White (1980) Consistent Covariance Matrix -
HC0 method.

The model at Residual standard error equal 11.28 and F-statistic
equal 6.47 shows p-value 0.006467, thus we consider the model to be
statistically significant. We accept the H1 hypothesis. The influence of se-
lected elements of quality perception on ROE top hotels in the Visegrad
Group countries is significant. The model shows Adjusted R-squared equal
to 0.3224, which is an acceptable rate of determination coefficient. The
ROE has a statistically significant impact (a = 0.05) on the comfort of the
hotel room.
H2: We assume that there is a significant impact of selected elements of
quality perception on ROA top hotels in the Visegrad group countries.
In the first step, the collinearity and VIF (variance inflation factor) were
analysed through the stepwise model, the optimal model defined by inde-
pendent variables are presented as Rating, Location, Cleanliness, Price,
Quality, Wi-Fi. The model was subjected to heteroscedasticity analysis,
where the Breusch-Pagan test in BP 4.3674 and 5 degrees of freedom
showed a p-value of 0.4978, thus heteroscedasticity is not significant in
the model. The normality of the residues was verified by Shapiro-Wilk
test, which shows a p-value of 0.8957 for the statistics W = 0.984, thus the
normality condition is fulfilled. The following table visualizesmultiple OLS
model outputs.

The model at Residual standard error equal 6.234 and F-statistic
equal 4.726 shows p-value 0.00314, thus the model is considered statisti-
cally significant. We accept the H2 hypothesis. The influence of selected
elements of quality perception on ROA top hotels in the Visegrad Group
countries is significant. The model exhibits Adjusted R-squared equal to
0.368, which is an acceptable determination coefficient. Variables that have
a significant impact on ROA (a = 0.05) are the following: Rating, Location
and Price_Quality.
V. DISCUSSION
The primary objective of the research was to determine the signifi-
cance between the relation of satisfaction and profitability of the top hotels
in the Visegrad Group countries. The calculations in the previous analysis
show that the relation is significant, but on the contrary according to sev-
eral authors (Sun et al., 2013; Chi and Gursoy, 2009) it is a negative rela-
tion, which was also confirmed in a study by Suchanek and Kralova (2016)
from the area of food industry. This relation may be due mainly to different
conditions in the management of the analysed organizations. Several au-
thors investigated the determinants of customer satisfaction with a hotel
and its complementary services, while Kim et al. (2016), Kuhzady and
Ghasemi (2019), Berezina et al. (2016) point out that staff is an important
element of satisfaction, and the results of the presented study show that
this element is negatively related to ROE hotels. Berezina et al. (2016)
based on their study, argue that dissatisfied customers more often refer to
aspects such as equipment and finances. From the point of view of the
present study, satisfaction with hotel comfort affects the ROE, but this is not
so obvious in case of the equipment. In the case of price/quality ratio, a
negative impact on ROA has been confirmed, which means that the more
customers are satisfied with this ratio, the profitability of the hotel decreases.
Barreda and Bilgihan (2013), Kuhzady and Ghasemi (2019) as part of the
satisfaction of hotel customers, also draw attention to the Location which,
according to the results, negatively affects the hotels' ROA.
From this, it can be stated that the more satisfied are the customers with
the hotel and its services; the lower is the profitability of hotels. This claim
can also be justified by the fact that, in order to achieve maximum satisfac-
tion, hotels spend more money, and the return which is long-term is ex-
pected to optimize the profits. Ultimately, we can talk about a positive
impact of overall customer satisfaction on ROA.
VI. CONCLUSION
The first part of the analyses that are shown in the results section
was the context analysis where the significant ROE correlation was con-
firmed in areas such as Rating, Personal, Cleanliness, where in all cases
the association can be seen as substantial to very strong. In ROA, the
correlation was confirmed in the areas such as Rating, Location, Cleanli-
ness, Price/Quality, where the negative association was substantial to very
strong. Two hypotheses were formulated in the research based on the
theoretical background (H1: We assume that there is a significant impact
of selected elements of quality perception on ROE top hotels in the
Visegrad group countries; H2: We assume that there is a significant im-
pact of selected elements of quality perception on ROA top hotels in the
Visegrad group countries). Both hypotheses were confirmed. In particular,
a significant impact on ROE was confirmed in case of comfort, ROA was
confirmed in the overall assessment (positive impact) as well as in case of
location and price/quality ratio (negative impact).
It is interesting that in several studies there is a significant impact,
but the direction of this influence is different. The assumption is that the
cost management setting is different. A number of European countries
have a cost accounting system, thus optimizing their profits by increasing
the cost element ratio, for example in the US or other countries, this sys-
tem is different. Similarly, Indonesia which is on the process of conver-
gence of the country’s national accounting standards and just recently on
the pathway of transition to international financial reporting standards
(Maradona and Chand, 2018).
Recommendations can be seen in the view of financial manage-
ment and customer relationship management. As it has been pointed out
several times, there is a relation between the perception of hotel service
quality and financial outcomes.
The direction (positive or negative) is irrelevant in this case. TOP
hotels of the Visegrad Group countries were analysed, thus it can be as-
sumed that all processes in these hotels will have a very high level. In a
more detailed analysis of the specific assessments at Booking.com (the
data source), we encountered that the hotels analysed show a very high
level of interaction on this portal (relatively often responding to customers,
thanking for reviews, etc.). Thus, the first recommendation for hotels with
lower standards would be to involve activities on online booking portals.
The second recommendation is to increase efforts to hold appropriate
ROE and ROA levels (average of top hotels: ROE: 6.44; ROA: 3.71).
The biggest research limitations in relation to defined outputs are
mainly seen in the sample (n = 33), but basically it was the basic file.
Further research in this area will be focusing on comparing and inferring
lower quality hotels.
This article is one of the partial outputs under the scientific research
grant APVV-17- 0166 "Economic and psychological factors of tourists' ex-
penditures: microeconometric modeling" and VEGA 1/0789/17 - Research
of e-commerce with relation to dominant marketing practices and important
characteristics of consumer behaviour while using mobile device platforms.
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HIGH-PERFORMANCE WORK SYSTEM IN MODERATING
ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP, EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY
AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING
I Gede Riana1, I Nengah Aristana2, I Gede Rihayana3,
N L P Wiagustini4, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas 5
ABSTRACT
This study aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership,
knowledge sharing, and employee creativity with the moderation of high
performance work system (HPWS). The concept of this study refers to the
important role of managers and knowledge management, particularly knowledge
sharing in increasing creativity of employee. This study also tests the role of
HPWS managerial in moderating the relationship between variables in the model.
By using 214 samples employees of small handicraft enterprises, this study high
lights the understanding of HPWS concept as one of the key managerial concept
in strengthening the relationship between variables. Entrepreneurial leadership
has an influence on knowledge sharing and employee creativity, however
knowledge sharing does not have any influence on employee creativity.
Furthermore, HPWS is able to strengthen the relationship between variable in
the researchmodels. The finding of this study still leave a debate related to
knowledge management in small enterprises because it is limited to discussing
about the determinant of employee creativity.
Keywords: entrepreneurial leadership, knowledge sharing, employee creativity,
HPWS
Article history:
Received January 26, 2020; Revised May 17, 2020; Accepted May 28, 2020
International Journal of Economic and Finance Studies. Vol.21 No.1. 2020. DOI:
10.17512/pjms.2020.21.1.24.
1. I Gede Riana. Udayana University. gederiana@unud.ac.id
2. I Nengah Aristana. Triatma Mulya University. nengah.aristana@triatmamulya.ac.id,
3. I Gede Rihayana. Mahasaraswati University. igederihayana@unmas.ac.id
4. N L P Wiagustini. Udayana University. wiagustini@unud.ac.id.
5. Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. Lambung Mangkurat University. ersiswa@ulm.ac.id.
Leadership, Employee Creativity and Knowlegde Sharing 47
I. INTRODUCTION
Small enterprises face a complex problems in the free trade and
disruptive era because of increasing industrial competition (Riana et al.,
2020). The tight competition requires small enterprises to be more creative
in designing each product so that success in the market. One of the keys
to building creativity is the quality of resources, especially employees
(Rajiani and Ismail, 2019). Employees have a strategic role in supporting
the formation of the organization's core competencies in the era of
knowledge management. Core competencies can create a competitive
advantage with the support of continuous innovative activities and support
employee creativity to create organizational innovation (Hon and Lui, 2016).
Pan et al. (2015) stated that many factors could influence creativity but only
emphasize the role of leaders in increasing creativity. Employee creativity
does not only helps organizations to work more efficiently and responsively
but also help find a competitive advantage, it is even the first step to
generate new ideas to support innovation activities.
Mainemelis and Epitropaki (2017), claim that leadership style can
help the growthof employee creativity. However, the role of leaders in
increasing employee creativity has not been studied comprehensively.
Chen and Hou (2016) explained that leadership could increase employee
creativity if supported by an innovative climate. In contrast, Passakonjaras
et al. (2019) state that transformational leaders can increase employee
creativity. These results provide an overview of the critical role of leaders
in fostering employee creativity. Research Cai et al., (2019) emphasize
that entrepreneurial style is one types of leadership that is often associated
with employee creativity, because it can make changes to build commitment
and increase employee motivation. Entrepreneurial leaders also seem to
be able to encourage employees to channel their talents so that they
become more creative.
Employee creativity can grow and develop when supported by
the practice of sharing knowledge. Hu and Zhao (2016) added that
knowledge sharing has an essential role in increasing creative self-efficacy
48 Leadership, Employee Creativity and Knowlegde Sharing
because it adopts the process of sharing knowledge possessed by the
organization. The small enterprises tends to implement knowledge sharing
implicitly, so they face challenges on an ongoing basis. Therefore, it is
essential to encourage employee creativity as a solution for dealing with
work problems. Creativity is the implementation of creative ideas about
new practices, procedures, and services that are useful for developing
new ideas for the organization.
One of the human resource concepts that can drive the activity of
knowledge sharing and employee creativity is High-Performance Work
System (HPWS). HPWS is a managerial practice that can elaborate on the
course of human resource management to influence organizational climate
(Husin and Gungkang, 2017).
Research showed, the critical role HPWS in increasing the activity
of knowledge sharing and creativity (Do and Shipton, 2019).The contribution
of this study is significant to improving literature on small enterprises which
investigated the effect of entrepreneurial leadership on knowledge sharing
and employee creativity moderation by HPWS. The results of this study
also can give an overview to create employee creativity in small enterprises
and the keys role of HPWS on strengthening knowledge sharing and
employee creativity.

Organizational development requires a willingness for
entrepreneurs to provide demand and have a relentless persistence to
make it happen (Abrantes, 2018), whereas humans are factors that drive
creativity (Tóth et al., 2020). Muo and Azeez (2020) stated the ability of
leaders to attract investors through creative ideas that support the
development of creativity in supporting the enterprise. Leaders have an
important role on increasing employee creativity because they can affect
various aspects of the organization. Chen and Hou (2016), who develop
ethical leadership and adopt entrepreneurial leadership, find that ethical

leadership has a strong relationship with employee behavior. Leaders are
seen as having the ability to inspire to develop employee creativity (Pan
et al., 2015). The ability of leaders to provide motivation has a significant
impact on increasing employee creativity. Entrepreneurial leadership is
seen as more effective in increasing employee creativity (Jyoti and Dev,
2015) because it can identify an opportunity through existing information
flows. Entrepreneurial leadership always strives for the creation of their
subordinates to enhance innovative abilities to be able to more quickly
recognize opportunities and be adaptive in dealing with environmental
changes (Fontana and Musa, 2017).
The intensity of knowledge gathering based on interactive
collaboration can develop a partnerships which in turn will have an impact
on creativity. Collaboration in this context is the absorption of shared
knowledge and increased trust to enhance creative behavior (Zach and
Hill, 2017). The process of finding and contributing knowledge can
contribute to the formation of new knowledge to create employee creativity.
Creativity is always confronted with the ability to face environmental
challenges. Saraç et al. (2014) explained that employee creativity involves
complex behaviors that include social and intellectual competence to
generate new ideas (Akturan and Çekmecelioglu, 2016). On the other hand,
creativity is an important factor for creating a competitive advantage because
it has an impact on innovation and organizational performance (Sutanto,
2017). Individual creativity is able to maximize and support organizational
efficiency because it can generate ideas to measure opportunities (Gundry
et al., 2014). Creativity is considered as a source of innovation to improve
competitiveness and sustainable organizational performance.
H1: Entrepreneurial leadership has a significant relationship with
employeecreativity
Entrepreneurial leadership can encourage employees to share
knowledge in organizations. Likewise, entrepreneurial orientation has a
relationship with the practice of sharing knowledge. Studies Xue et al.
(2011) emphasize that leadership style can foster a culture of knowledge
sharing. Knowledge developed in organizations is very dependent on
the role of leaders in organizing knowledge to help the organization to
achieve their goals (Soriano and Huarng, 2013). (Bavik et al., 2018) have
discussed leaders' support for knowledge development, explaining their
leadership style determine the process of knowledge sharing carried out
by employees. The leadership style that supports the process of sharing
knowledge is entrepreneurial leadership (Edú-Valsania et al., 2016).
Moreover, Mittal and Dhar (2015) state that knowledge sharing is the process
of exchanging information possessed by employees through interaction
and communication to increase employee creativity.
knowledge sharing.
Knowledge is considered an intangible asset and is both important
and valuable resource for the organization. Carmeli and Paulus (2015)
explained that the implementation of knowledge management could help
the development of creativity. Knowledge sharing can empower and
increase creativity possessed by employees (Akturan and Çekmecelioglu,
2016). Besides, individual and team creativity can increase due to knowledge
sharing practice (Dong et al., 2016). Therefore, knowledge collecting and
donating carried out both from internal and external sources of the
organizations can enhance employee creativity (Carmeli and Paulus, 2015).
Knowledge sharing is able to support employee creativity and
innovation (Hu and Zhao, 2016). Carmeli and Paulus (2015) showed that
leaders who can encourage knowledge sharing activities between
organization members could support creativity. Knowledge sharing culture
conducted by employees can help leaders to enhance employee creativity
(Carmeli and Paulus, 2015). Knowledge sharing culture created by
entrepreneurial leaders is able to enhance both individual and team
creativity (Mittal and Dhar, 2015). Entrepreneurial leaders are also seen to
be able to drive the culture of knowledge sharing. So, sharing knowledge
as an activity identifies knowledge to be accessed and transferred in
completing tasks, and makes it more effective and efficient.
The implementation of HPWS concept by the organization is seen
as the proper solution to help the organization improve employee
performance (Zhang et al., 2019). HPWS is a concept that emphasizes the
implementation of the strength of the organizational management system
to direct employees’ ability to generate various creative ideas (Chiang et
al., 2015). Previous studies (Ma et al., 2017; Zhu and Chen, 2014) clarified
that the implementation of HPWS has an important role in increasing
knowledge sharing behavior and employee creativity (Tang et al., 2017).
Husin and Sigang (2017) explained that HPWS is a practical concept that
can enhance employee creativity, and even the organization. Therefore,
HPWS is an important managerial practice in human resource management
practices that are designed to improve employee and organizational
effectiveness.
employee creativity.
H4: HPWS has a significant relationship with knowledge sharing.
H5: HPWS has a significant relationship with employee creativity.
H6: HPWS moderates the relationship betweenentrepreneurial
leadership and knowledge sharing.
H7:HPWS moderates the relationship betweenentrepreneurial
leadership and employee creativity.
H8: HPWS moderates the relationship between knowledge sharing
and employee creativity.
III. METHODOLOGY
This study analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurial
leadership, knowledge sharing, and employee creativity with the moderation
of HPWS small handicraft enterprises in Bali. The population are small
handicraft enterprises that is spread in nine districts, which has business
consistency, business license, has been operating for more than 5 years,
and is officially registered with the Trade Office of Bali Province. Data
collection uses a questionnaire that is filled out by employees with a total
of 214 questionnaires out of 300 distributed to employees of small handicraft
enterprises. Entrepreneurial leadership uses three indicators:
innovativeness, proactive, and risk-taking (Karimi et al., 2011). Knowledge
sharing uses two indicators: knowledge donating and knowledge collecting
(Giustiniano et al., 2016). Employee creativity is measured using four
indicators: person, process, press, and product, adopted from the studies
of Ghosh, (2015). And HPWS uses 4 indicators: selection process, training,
performance appraisal, and feedback, elaborated from the studies by
(Zhang et al., 2019).
The data collection is done through a structured interview using a
questionnaire for two months. The first stage is collecting data from 30
respondents to conduct validity and reliability test. The validity test shows
that all research instruments are valid with correlation coefficient product-
moment value (r) higher than 0.3 (r >0.3). The reliability test, which is done
using Cronbach Alpha criteria shows that the instruments have to meet
reliability criteria with a value higher than 0.6 (CA>0.6)(Hair et al., 2016).
After the instruments are declared valid and reliable,the second stage
stages data is then collected according to the sample target. The majority
of employees as the respondents in these study were women (56,1 %),
with intervals ages of 27 – 36 years (51,4 %). Based on the level of
education, the majority of respondents had a senior high school education
(68,7 %), with a working period of between 6 – 10 years (63,4 %). This
research is a quantitative designby testing the hypotheses using SEM
PLS analysis technique.
IV. ANALYSIS
The first stage before interpreting, the model must meet validity and
reliability criteria of the variables used, namely: entrepreneurial leadership (X),
knowledge sharing (Y1), employee creativity (Y2), and high-performance work
system (M). The criteria of model validity include Composite Reliability and

Cronbach Alpha (Table 1), Convergent Validity (Table 2), and Discriminant Validity
(Table 3).
Table 1 shows that all constructs have meet the criteria of composite
reliability with the minimal value of 0.7 ( CR> 0.70) and it is also supported
by Alpha Cronbach with the value distribution higher than 0.60 (AC> 0.60).
Thus, all constructs have meet proper reliability criteria. Table 1 also informs
the value of variance inflation factors (VIFs) is below 3.3 (ViF‘s<3.3). It
means that model is free from multicollinearity problems. The value of Q 2
coefficient dependent variable of 0.362 shows that model has a good
goodness of fit (Hair et al., 2016).

Table 2shows that all indicators have the outer loading value higher
than 0.6 (OL >0.60), so it can be concluded that all indicators have meet
convergent validity criteria. Furthermore, discriminant validity is evaluated
using the magnitude of correlation value between variables compared to
the root of average variance extracted (AVE). The values of AVE can also
explain the convergent criteria (cut off > 0.50).
Table 3, shows that the AVE value of all constructs are higher than
0.50 (>0.50) which indicates that the model has meet the convergent criteria.
This strengthens the results of convergent validity test using loading factor
value. Furthermore, root of AVE (diagonal)value is higher than the
correlation between latent variables. Therefore, the model has met the
discriminant validity. The results of validity and reliability tests of constructs
shows that all variables used in the model are valid and reliable.
Furthermore, hypothesis test is carried out after the evaluation model in
SEM-PLS analysis by conducting confirmation based on path coefficient
value and p-values. The hypothesis test is shown on Figure 1 (results of
SEM-PLS analysis) and Table 4 as follows.

Figure 1 and Table 4 provide information that entrepreneurial
leadership (EC) significantly increase employee creativity (EC) with path
coefficient value of 0.514 and p-values of <0.001 (supported). Entrepreneurial
leadership (EL) significantly increasethe practice of knowledge sharing (KS)
with path coefficient value of 0.294 and p-values of <0.001 (supported).
Knowledge sharing (KS) does not have significant impact in increasing
employee creativity (EC) with path coefficient value of 0.069 and p-values of
0.152 (not supported). The analysis results prove that the interaction of
knowledge sharing (KS) and HPWS significantly increase employee creativity
with path coefficient value of 0.160 and p-value of 0,008 (supported).
Furthermore, HPWS is also proven to directly increase employee creativity
with path coefficient value of 0.115 and p-value of 0,043 (supported).
The finding of this study also provide the information about the keys
role of HPWS on knowledge sharing (KS) with path coefficient value of 0,343
p-value of>0,001 (supported). The interaction between HPWS and
entrepreneurial leadership (HPWS*EL) is able to increase the relationship of
entrepreneurial leadership on knowledge sharing (KS) with path coefficient
value of 0,142 and p-value of 0,017 (supported). Furthermore, the interaction
of HPWS with entrepreneurial leadership (HPWS*EL) is able to increase the
relationship of entrepreneurial leadership (EL) toward employee creativity
(EC) with path coefficient value of 0, 136 and p-valueof 0,021 (supported).

V. DISCUSSION
A small enterprises must have a strategic role in creating jobs
and the growth of non-oil and gas export in Indonesia. So, it requires
visionary leaders to enhance creativity. Creativity refers to the
implementation of creative ideas to develop the notion about new
practices, procedures, and services for the organization
(Çekmecelioglu and Günsel, 2013). Creativity is the initial process of
creative behavior to support new ideas that can be the first step of
innovation (Kyvik et al., 2012). Employee creativity is a complex
behavior involving social and intellectual competencies, so it requires
new knowledge, information, and skills (Saraç et al., 2014). Employee
creativity can be formed through a knowledge sharing culture driven
by the entrepreneurial leader (Cai et al., 2019). However, the role of
leaders can be more optimal when the implementation of HPWS
concept helps it.
The entrepreneurial leaderis able to allow employees to be
more creative because of the formation of the employee’s ability
according to the environmental condition. The study from Chen and
Hou (2016) explained that entrepreneurial leaderto be proven to have
an impact on employee creativity, so it increases organizational
capability. Entrepreneurial leaders tend to give freedom for employee
to explore knowledge to maximize employee competencies.
Entrepreneurial style is also able to encourage employees to
think more creatively (Jyoti and Dev, 2015) to help the organization to
develop the products and services they produce. The willingness of
employees to provide and gather knowledge can help leaders to be
more susceptibleto enhancing creativity. Thus, knowledge sharing is
possible to push employees to be more creative when entrepreneurial
leader drives it.
The finding of this study also informs that entrepreneurial leader
can facilitate the practice of knowledge sharing better because it can
help the process of knowledge (Bavik et al., 2018). However, the
success of an entrepreneurial leader depends on the knowledge
possessed by the employees. Every organization requires much
knowledge to improve capabilities for seizing opportunities to win the
competition. Knowledge is an important thing to enhance creativity.
Akturan and Çekmecelioglu (2016) developed much knowledge to
enhance creative behavior.
Knowledge sharing practice has proven to be able to support
innovative knowledge to provide long-term benefits. Therefore,
knowledge is needed to support employee creativity by adopting
knowledge sharing practice through knowledge collecting and
knowledge donating (Carmeli and Paulus, 2015). The findings of this
study show that knowledge sharing has not been able to increase
employee creativity significantly. Similar to large enterprise, small
enterprise is also often managing limited knowledge through the informal
process, but it is rarely shared or distributed. It requires a HPWS
concept so that knowledge sharing can be more effective in supporting
employees to be more creative. This study provides a finding of the
critical role of HPWS in increasing the relationship between knowledge
sharing and employee creativity.
This study emphasizes the role of HPWS in strengthening the
relationship of entrepreneurial leadership with knowledge sharing and
employee creativity. The practice of HPWS is proven to be able to
enhance the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and
knowledge sharing. Likewise, the system of HPWS is able to enhance
the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employee
creativity. Therefore, HPWS is a managerial practice that can drive
employees to increase their intensity of knowledge sharing in solving
the problem to improve their effectiveness (Zhu and Chen, 2014).
Researchers mentioned the important role of HPWS in increasing
employee creativity (Miao and Cao, 2019)and the effectiveness
ofknowledge sharing(Zhu and Chen, 2014). HPWS is also seen to have
an impact on the increase in employee innovation performance (Chai
and Xiao, 2018), work productivity, and employee performance (Li et
al., 2019). Employee creativity is an act of employee outside their
habits to increase efficiency through procedures and process
improvement. The managerial implication of these study proves that
entrepreneurial style in leading can provide more expansive space
toward the growth of employee creativity by instilling knowledge sharing
culture. Besides, the HPWS concept also has as the keys role to drive
the employee to become more intensive to share the knowledge that
subsequently will increase creativity.
VI. CONLUSION
Knowledge sharing needs to be considered as work culture so
that employees can interact with each other intensively in sharing information.
Knowledge sharing also very useful for the employees to develop their
core competencies through knowledge transfer so that the information
possessed by the organization can be managed well. The ability to
compete in an ever-changing organizational environment requires creativity
in utilizing knowledge.The role of an entrepreneurial leader is seen to be
able to develop strategic resources of organization to enhance creativity
so that organization becomes more competitive.
Knowledge sharing can be more effective if it is supported by a
leader who has the entrepreneurial ability and HPWS practice. Furthermore,
the role of HPWS is very strategic in creating knowledge sharing culture
and increasing employee creativity.
This study produces a partial model so that further investigation is
needed for the consequences of employee creativity. This study only
analyzes the determinant of employee creativity, namely entrepreneurial
leadership, knowledge sharing, and HPWS. However, since the
consequences of employee creativity, e.g., employee innovation
performance have not received the attention from researchers, it can be
examined in the future research. Also, this study is a cross-sectional, so

further studies are required to explain the phenomena of employee
creativity, especially in small enterprises. Moreover, the finding is necessary
to elaborate with scholars in the discussion among academicians and
practitioners to ensure the generalizability.
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MANAGING INFORMATION SYSTEMS BY INTEGRATING
INFORMATION SYSTEMS SUCCESS MODEL AND THE UNIFIED
THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USAGE OF TECHNOLOGY
Muhammad Harlie1, Hairul2, Ismi Rajiani3, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas4
ABSTRACT
The Internet of things (IoT) has forced the mode of universities evaluating the
performance of people and the way of disseminating the knowledge. Conse
quently, universities capitalize a substantial amount in sophisticated Higher Edu-
cation Management Information Systems (HEMISs) technology to stay updated
with the current trend. However, the implementation of the technology does not
automatically inspire the modifications in working culture of the public universi-
ties in Indonesia as values and cultures remain outmoded and collusive. This
indicates that most public universities are internally slow to adopt the technology
making the application to be more beneficial for academia are still out of reach.
This study aims at scrutinizing the organizational requirement that boosts tech-
nology implementation mainly in a higher education organization located in
developing countries. The findings from the analysis of a structural equation
model tested on end-users consisting of 150 (one hundred fifty) public university
officers throughout Indonesia evidenced that implementation of the technology
in terms of information, system, and service quality make significant, positive
impacts on performance expectancy leading to the intention to adopt the tech-
nology. The research underpins the significance of system flexibility to organiza-
tions as one source for sustainable competitive advantage.
Key words: management, information technology, HEMISs, university.
Article history:
Received July 10, 2019; Revised September 6, 2019; Accepted September 24, 2019.
Published: 2019-12-31. DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2019.20.1.17. GICID: 01.3001.
0013.7109. Polish Journal of Management Studies 2019; 20 (1): 192-201.
1. Muhammad Harlie. Islamic University of Kalimantan. harlie54@gmail.com
2. Hairul. Islamic University of Kalimantan. haerrul11@gmail.com.
3. Ismi Rajiani. Muhammadiyah University of Gresik. ismi.rajiani@umg.ic.id
Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success
Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and usage 0f Technology 65
I. INTRODUCTION
In the era Internet of things (IoT), IT’s role is more crucial in rein-
forcing the university competitiveness. Universities are consequently grow-
ing their IT investments, and due to the continuous stakeholder demands,
management requires IT not only to minimize costs but also mould business
outcomes. Such pressure make various efforts have been designed to evalu-
ate IT investment from a business point of view (Rajiani and Ismail, 2019).
In public sector, the tremendous growth of information systems
has led public universities to amend their conventional technique by using
information system as a tool to replace the old and the rigid systems (El-
Haddadeh et al., 2019). Thus, the current information systems have helped
to overcome the problem of inefficient public service and information de-
livery in the public sector (Shin and Ahn, 2019).
In the case of Indonesian public universities, the IS utilizations
have been viewed as the determinant of competitive advantage
(Darmalaksana et al., 2018). Ironically, although the IS advancement ven-
tures have been performed since more than three decades ago in the
respective country, the performance of the projects is less satisfying (van
de Weerd et al., 2016; Aang Subiyakto et al., 2018).
The fundamental challenge of Higher Education Management In-
formation Systems (HEMISs) is the predicted gap between technology
and human interaction. The employees’ positive attitude and willingness
to accept HEMISs is the key to reaching organizational goals efficaciously
and efficiently mainly in the setting of Indonesian public sectors who tends
to wait and see when being encouraged to innovate both in technology
and management (Abbas et al., 2018).
Therefore, this research aims at identifying determinants of em-
ployees’ behavioral intention to undertake HEMISs in Indonesia via inte-
grating information systems success model (DeLone and McLean, 2016)
with the unified theory of acceptance and usage of technology (Venkatesh
et al., 2011).

66 Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and usage of Technology
Research on information system success model, which become
the starting point for many researchers is the seminal works of DeLone
and McLean (2003). Initially, six categories of successful dimensions: sys-
tem quality, information quality, user satisfaction, use, individual impact,
and organizational impact were proposed. The most recent model addi-
tionally presents "intention to use" as an option to the "use” dimension.
Besides, the effect on individual and organization level is combined, bring-
ing about a single construct, namely "net benefits" (DeLone and McLean,
2016).
Usually, the system quality is often assessed under the dimen-
sions of flexibility, reliability, functionality, ease of use, data importance,
integration, and quality (DeLone and McLean, 2016). Vijay (2016) confirmed
that end-users pay attention to the details of system quality; compatibility
and system quality can lead to satisfaction. Shin (2017) reported that sys-
tem quality is positively related to both behavioral usage intentions and
user satisfaction in the learning system.
Information quality alludes to the system’s output yield, as viewed
by the respective user of the system (Negash et al., 2003; Moranska,
2016; Raijani et al., 2018). Usually, the quality of information is measured in
terms of accuracy, timeliness, completeness, relevance, and consistency.
Furthermore, information quality been demonstrated to be an essential
achievement factor when discussing IS achievement, particularly in the
context of web-based systems (Zhang and Deng, 2018). The IS literature
reveals that information quality significantly affects information satisfaction
(Al Samarraie et al., 2018).
Service quality is characterized as clients' emotional evaluation
that the service they are accepting from the entrance is the service they
wish (Rahi and Gani, 2019). Since service quality was included by Delone
and McLean (2002) to gauge the achievement of IS, much consideration
has been dedicated to the refreshed model (Rouibah et al., 2015; Tam

and Oliveira, 2016; Ojo, 2017). Further, in Asian setting research found a
noteworthy connection of service quality with the affirmation of utilization of
the system, for example, Phuong and Dai Trang (2018) and Jang et al.,
(2016). In this way, it is accepted that more elevated the level of service
quality, the more elevated the level of clients' fulfillment.
User's satisfaction is viewed as one of the significant achieve-
ment measurements of IS achievement. As per Delone and McLean (2016),
client satisfaction and utilization of the system are closely associated. Delone
and McLean recommended an accurate characterization of six significant
classes of IS achievement, where customers' satisfaction was the most
broadly utilized unusual amount.
Despite the fact that DeLone and McLean (2016) recommended
that system utilization is the most fitting variable for estimating the accom-
plishment of IS, intention to use is additionally a significant piece of sys-
tem success since mentally a user won't utilize the system in the event
that he/she doesn't have the desire to use the system.
The usage intention of the systems displays the way wherein the
IT system will be utilized or how intensive the system is used by its users
(Alzahrani et al., 2017). DeLone and McLean themselves conceded that
intention to use as a variable is hard to quantify (DeLone and McLean,
2003). Accordingly, within the university setting, numerous scholars mea-
sure usage behavior by utilizing the the unified theory of acceptance and
use of technology (UTAUT) model as the deciding viewpoint with respect
to the user’s acceptance of technology (Garone et al. 2019; Ibrahim et al,
2018; Alkhasawneh and Alanazy, 2015).
Theoretically, UTAUT is an expansion of the Technology Accep-
tance Model (TAM). While TAM is assigned for general utilization of PC or
innovation, UTAUT is assigned for obligatory use (Venkatesh et al., 2011).
Innovation use in the obligatory condition is to support the users to per-
form in their work better.
Performance expectation is a variable in UTAUT that intends to

catch the degree to which an individual accepts that the technology will
expand his/her activity execution. Another explanation behind picking
UTAUT rather than TAM isbecause UTAUT has a superior forecast control
toward behavior intention - approximately 70% (Venkatesh et al., 2011).
Under UTAUT, technology acceptance is determined with perfor-
mance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating
conditions. Performance expectancy is the degree to which an individual
believes that using the system will help him or her attain gains in job per-
formance. Effort expectancy is the degree of ease associated with the
use of the system. Social influence is the degree to which an individual
perceives that important others believe he or she should use the new
system. Facilitating conditions is the degree to which an individual be-
lieves that an organizational and technical infrastructure exists to support
the use of the system (Saleem et al., 2016).
III. METHODOLOGY
The target population of this study is 150 (one hundred fifty) End
User Computing (EUCs) in authority to give approval for endorsing the
promotion of lecturers to the higher level rank. The data was collected
through on line questionnaires during the period of July 2018 until July
2019.
By using the Structural Equation Model (SEM), the standard rule is
that the minimum number of observation is at least five times as many
observations (Hair et al., 2006). The relationship among constructs is de-
picted in a theoretical framework. The seven-point Likert-type scales (1 –
strongly disagree; 5 - strongly agree) were applied throughout the ques-
tionnaire.
Factors loading are employed to evaluate discriminant validity
where only items with factors loading surpass 0.50 will stay in the model
(Hair et al., 2006).

The use of technology as an endogenous construct is measured
with four dimensions: performance expectancy (IU1), effort expectancy,
(IU2), social influence (IU3) and facilitating conditions (IU4) adapted from
the work of van der Vaart et al. (2016). End-user satisfaction as an endog-
enous construct is measured with three dimensions: information satisfac-
tion (US1), system satisfaction (US2) and overall satisfaction (US3) adapted
from Ismail (2012). In the other hand, the exogenous variable of informa-
tion quality is measured with accuracy (IQ1), relevance (IQ2), consistency
(IQ3) and completeness (IQ4) adapted from Shaltoni et al. (2015). System
quality is assessed with, reliability (SQ1), access (SQ2), efficiency (SQ3),
and ease of use (SQ4) adapted from the work of Shin (2017).
Since DeLone and McLean (2016) claim that the classical service
quality can be added to an IS context, this research instrument applies the
dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and em-
pathy to measure service quality. With the assistance of PLS software,
seven hypotheses will be tested.
- Information quality is positively related to the end user’s satisfaction.
- System quality is positively related to the end user’s satisfaction.
- Service quality is positively related to the end user’s satisfaction.

- Information quality is positively related to technology acceptance.
- System quality is positively related to technology acceptance.
- Service quality is positively related to technology acceptance.
- End user’s satisfaction is positively related to acceptance of Higher Edu
cation Management Information Systems (HEMISs).
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

SEM requests reflective estimation models to assess validity by
watching the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) rather than analyzing the
traditional "Cronbach's Alpha". The AVE estimation of 0.50 and higher dem-
onstrate a reasonable level of validity as this figure mirror that the latent
variables are represented the more significant part of indicators' variance
(Hair et al., 2006).
Estimation model in Table 1 shows that the Average Variance Ex-
tracted (AVE) produced all surpassed 0.50 signifying that the instrument
had excellent convergent validity.

Table 1 denotes that the entire Average Variance Extracted (AVE)
values are higher than the suggested threshold of 0.5 conforming high
levels of convergent reliability among all reflective latent variables. Thus,
convergent validity is established. The Structural Equation Modeling Re-
sults are displayed in Table 2.
All paths are significant, indicating the acceptance of all hypoth-

eses. The result reveals that information quality as information output in
terms of accuracy, relevance, consistency, and completeness is posi-
tively related to end-users' contentment toward Higher Education Man-
agement Information Systems (HEMISs). Also, system quality that meets
management characteristics in decision making proved with reliability,
access, efficiency, and ease of use is positively associated with end-
users' satisfaction. Likewise, service quality with adequacy of information
technology eluding clients’ emotional evaluation that the service they are
accepting from the entrance is the service they wish, is undoubtedly con-
nected with end-users’ satisfaction which is as measurable performance
from performance measurement of the system. Further, these three paths
also positively associated with the acceptance of Higher Education Man-
agement Information Systems (HEMISs) technology. Thus, technology ac-
ceptance also appears as representativeness of the level of performance
achievement within HEMISs.
The result indicates that within Indonesian higher education set-
ting, although both the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology
(UTAUT) and the Delone and McLean IS model is valid, the latter is still
dominant supporting the previous research in Asian countries (El-Haddadeh
et al., 2019; Al-Samarraie et al, 2018; Chae et al, 2014).
It has been continually contended that the way into Indonesia’s
government effectiveness including higher education is through the use of
information technology. However, the advancement stays moderate though
the spending of government in IT has been increasing. With the continual
increase of IT spending in government, arranging should be directed to
guarantee that wastage does not occur again by investigating the need of
IT from the perspective of end clients, for this situation by applying infor-
mation quality, system quality, and service quality.
Regarding attributes, government association usually are unique
to those of a private segment. In terms of characteristics, government
organization are naturally different from those of a private sector. Despite
the Delone and McLean IS model is legitimate in Indonesian business
setting (Dewantoro et al., 2019), certain presumptions and practices in
information system theories and research probably will not be relevant in
Indonesian government offices condition (Mardiana et al., 2015). From a
national point of view, it is hard to guarantee that there is the achievement
of in both the arranging and usage of Higher Education Management Infor-
mation Systems (HEMISs) in Indonesia.
The improvement of Higher Education Management Information
Systems (HEMISs) is a piece of the endeavors to set up the structure, frame-
work, and an organization which is efficient, effective, transparently, and re-
sponsible. For this, it is fundamental to be bolstered by capable human
resources, sound management systems, processes, and control systems.
V. CONCLUSION
Although the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology
(UTAUT) and the Delone and McLean IS model are validated within Indo-
nesian public sector, the implementation of Higher Education Manage-
ment Information Systems (HEMISs) is not as easy as arranged. It re-
quires enormous and synchronous endeavors with the help of adequate
financing and steady political will. Usage of HEMISs does not build the
nature of public service quality. This is because of a long and rigid public
service culture.
HEMISs in public universities cannot be executed without the help
of bureaucratic reform overall. Numerous components must bolster the
improvements of the governance management from conventional to be-
come modern by using a technological approach.
Further study should be conducted to obtain a more profound
comprehension of technology acceptance in the mandatory environment,
particularly in government bodies.
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MANAGING E-LEARNING IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
BY INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF CULTURE
Sarbaini1, Jumadi2, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas3, Ismi Rajiani4
ABSTRACT
The phenomenal growth of e-learning in the developed countries makes Indo-
nesia going with the trend by investing massively in Information Technology and
Communication (ICT) to push the country into a knowledge economy. However,
e-learning– as the implementation of ICT in higher education -is not without
challenges and failures as the technology cannot be perceived as a panacea.
Many researchers and practitioners have acknowledged that e-learning as a
future prospective medium of instruction encounters difficulties and challenges
to implement successfully. The objective of study is to investigate the influential
adoption factors to adopt new technologies drawn from recent technology adop-
tion theories. Further, the present study examines the moderating impact of one
Hofstede’s national culture dimensions (individualism-collectivism) toward adop-
tion factors in adopting e-learning technology. The empirical data, which con-
sists of 200 valid datasets, were collected from lecturers in Indonesia via self-
administered paper-based questionnaire, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
was employed. The finding of this research advances our understanding of the
dynamics of e-learning technologies and refines existing conclusions about
perspectives of educators towards the adoption process of e-learning technolo-
gies. Further, the current gap between developed and developing countries on
the effects of cultural dimensions provide an original reference on how the cul-
ture side influences the individuals’ behaviors when adopting new technology.
Key words: E-learning, culture, technology acceptance, Indonesia.
Article history:
Received June 28, 2019; Revised October 11, 2019; Accepted October 20, 2019.
Published: 2019-12-31. DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2019.20.1.34. GICID: 01.3001.
0013.7126. Polish Journal of Management Studies 2019; 20 (1): 394-404.
1. Sarbaini. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. sarbaini@ulm.ac.id
2. Jumadi. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. jumadi@ulm.ac.id.
3. Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. ersiswa@ulm.ac.id
4. Ismi Rajiani. Universitas Muhammadyah Gresik. ismi.rajiani@umg.ac.id
the Role of Culture 79
I. INTRODUCTION
The profoundly unique and competitive business situations have
called for full utilization of the recently risen advancement of the Internet
and its related applications. Thus, numerous organizations are seeking
ways and techniques to utilize new innovative configurations to use ad-
vanced technologies to accomplish various goals.
The educational processes and systems cannot avoid the effect
of the digital transformation occurring all over the world. These days, the
development of elearning in the developed cultures is impressive and
phenomenal. However, elearning is not without challenges and disappoint-
ments as e-learning cannot be considered as a fancy endeavour. Numer-
ous analysts and experts have detailed that e-learning as a future possibil-
ity medium experiences troubles and difficulties to actualize effectively in
developing countries (Kim and Park, 2018) including in Indonesia (Guspatni,
2018). Besides, many university students and even lecturers find it difficult
to adapt to e-learning technology (Pretorius et al., 2019).
Indonesia, as a developing country, somewhat, is technologically
proficient and well-prepared for welcoming e-advancements in public and
business organizations. However, the considerable adoption of e-learn-
ing innovation in Indonesia has not been acknowledged at this point to the
degree and impact similar to developed countries or some developing
countries. One of the essential reasons that e-learning has not been to a
great extent grasped in Indonesia is the absence of adequate imminent
examinations dedicated to figuring out what variables drive and impact
users’ observations and points of view towards the selection of e-learning
advancements (Triana and Rajiani, 2018).
Various researchers have recognized the significance of culture
in embracing innovation (Johansen and Tkachenko, 2019; Rajiani and Ismail,
2019). However, up to this point, almost no consideration has been paid to
investigate themoderating impact of culture on behavioral intention to adopt
e-learning. Thisexamination perceives the shortage of research in con-
temporary writing and the deficiencies of the information base in such re-
Managing E-Learning in Public Universitiesby Investigating
80 the Role of Culture
spect. Therefore the current empirical analysis intends to fill the knowl-
edge gap by investigating the moderating influence of individualism-col-
lectivism on the adoption of e-learning in a developing country context of
Indonesia.

E-learning has been defined in many ways to reflect different per-
spectives such as educational-driven, technology-driven, delivery-sys-
tem oriented and communication-oriented (Smolag et al., 2016; Sroka and
Tabor, 2016; Giglio, 2019). Besides, Caporarello and Sarchioni (2014) de-
fined e-learning as a set of models, methodologies and processes for the
acquisition and use of knowledge distributed and facilitated primarily by
electronic means. Due to various definitions, Kot et al. (2017) have pro-
vided an exclusive definition of e-learning as the transformation of tradi-
tional educational processes, products, practices and outcomes to digital
formats to make them more personalized, convenient, interactive, com-
municative and accessible. This trend will change the role of lecturers
from the main resources into classroom managers in disseminating infor-
mation (Ariel and Malka, 2019).
The Unified Technology Acceptance (UTAUT) that integrates the
fragmented theory and research on individual acceptance of information
technology into a unified theoretical model (Venkatesh et al., 2011) is one
of the best suited, empirically sound, well-established and widely applied
for acceptance research analysis across various IT/IS domains.
Under UTAUT, technology acceptance is determined with perfor-
mance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating
conditions. Performance expectancy is the extent to which an individual
believes that utilizing the system will support the person to perform well in
work execution. Effort expectancy is the level of straightforwardness re-
lated to the utilization of the system. Social influence is the extent to which
an individual sees the significant acceptance of others when the person

utilizes the new framework. Facilitating conditions is the level of individual
acceptance that organizational and technical infrastructures are available
to support the use of the system (Saleem et al., 2016).
Culture is notoriously one of the most complex and intriguing con-
cepts to conceptualize and define (Smith, 2016). Among all theoretical
frameworks proposed in the literature to address aspects of culture, the
Hofstede’s typology has been widely embraced. The concept is also ad-
equately appropriate for use in information technology adoption research
(Minkov, 2018). Individualismcollectivism and uncertainty avoidance di-
mensions have been found to be more influential and more impactful in IT
adoption studies than the other cultural dimensions. In Hofstede’s (2011)
classification, Indonesian culture was rated to have a more collective than
individualistic culture. Since individualism and collectivism is the main dif-
ference between east and west (Triandis, 2018), this dimension employed
as a moderating variable.
Myriad of empirical analysis have investigated the role played by
IC on the adoption of various IT/IS products and services ( Huang et al.,
2019). Nevertheless, still, little attention has been directed to explore the
possible moderating effects of IC at the individual level on the adoption of
IT domains (Akhtar et al., 2019).
Given that lecturers are the key change agents in the use of tech-
nology in education; this study aims at understanding how their Behavior
Intention to adopt technology is moderated by cultural influences.
III. METHODOLOGY
This research uses quantitative methods of data intending to ana-
lyze the Indonesian university managing e-learning in the domains perfor-
mance, effort, social influence, and facilitating conditions mediated with
one dimension of culture (individualism vs collectivism) in Indonesian higher
education sectors.

The target population of this study is 200 (two hundred) public
university lecturers using e-learning technology to teach, located in
Banjarmasin, Indonesia. Employing the purposive sampling, the data were
collected during June –December 2018. By utilizing the Structural Equa-
tion Model (SEM), the standard principle is that the base number of obser-
vation is fivefold the number of observation (Hair et al., 2006). The relation-
ship among construct is portrayed in a hypothetical structure. The five-
point Likert-type scales (1 – strongly disagree; 5- strongly agree) were
applied all through the survey.
Factors loading are utilized to assess discriminant validity, where
merely items with factors outperform 0.50 will remain in the model (Hair et
al., 2006). A survey questionnaire was used to collect data regarding the
use of E-learning technology.
Earlier research by Venkatesh et al. (2011) had validated mea-
sures for each of the constructs. Thus, we decided to include those vali-
dated items in our questionnaire. Individualism vs collectivism question-
naires were taken from the updated and authoritative measure of Hofstede's
individualism vs collectivism as a dimension of national-culture (Minkov et
al., 2017). The list of items for each construct is provided in Table 1.

One of the examinations that handled the issue of IC in technology
innovation wasdirected by Rufín et al. (2018). They had archived that the
connection between compatibility (one of facilitating condition indicators in
the UTAUT model) andintention to adopt the technology was higher in indi-
vidualistic people than oncollectivistic people. Accordingly, the current
investigation will pursue a similar model of Rufín et al.’s study.
With the assistance of PLS software, the following 5 (five) hypoth-
eses will be tested.
1. Performance expectancy positively affects lecturers’ intentions to man-
age learning by adopting technology.
2. Effort expectancy positively affects lecturers’ intentions to manage learn-
ing by adopting the technology.
3. Social influence positively affects lecturers’ intentions to manage learn-
ing byadopting the technology.
4. Facilitating conditions positively affects lecturers’ intentions to manage
learning by adopting technology.
5. The level of Individualism-collectivism positively impacts behavioral
intentionto adopt e-learning technology.

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The result of path analysis is shown in Figure 2
The results showed that performance expectancy positively influ-

ence affects lecturers’ intentions to manage learning by adopting technol-
ogy (ß = .411,R2=.39 p < .000). Therefore, H1 is supported. This means
that when lecturers expect an E-learning website to increase their perfor-
mance, they increase their intentions to apply it. Also, effort expectancy
positively affects lecturers’ intentions to manage learning by adopting the
technology (ß = .412, R2=.45, p < .000 ). Therefore, H4 is supported. This
means that when lecturers receive more facilitating conditions to use E-
learning website, they use the websites more frequently when teaching.
The degree of Individualism-collectivism significantly impacts be-
havioral intention to adopt e-learning technology (ß = .046, R2 =.10, p <
.005). In this way, H5 is acknowledged. This implies the higher the level of
lecturers’ collectivism, the higher the behavioral intention to adopt e-learn-
ing technology.
SEM demands the estimation models validity by observing the
Average Variance Extracted (AVE) as opposed to the conventional
"Cronbach's Alpha." The AVE estimation of 0.50 and higher shows a rea-
sonable degree of validity (Hair et al., 2006). Estimation model in Table 1
shows that the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) delivered all outper-
formed 0.50, meaning that the instrument had satisfactory convergent va-
lidity.
The model goodness of fit is measured with the Stone–Geisser
Q-square test for predictive relevance (Chin, 2010) with the formula:
Q2 = 1 – (1 – R1 2) (1 – R2 2) ... (1– Rn 2) (1)
Calculation derived the value of 0.922 (92.2%) higher than 0.5 indi-
cating the predictive relevance requirement is satisfactory.
The Indonesian lecturer sample in our study was found to be col-
lectivist in outlook (IC = 38) in line with expectations from previous re-
search (Hofstede, 2011). Also, in line with the previous research in devel-
oped countries, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influ-
ence and facilitating conditions positively affect lecturers’ intentions to man-
age to learn by adopting technology (Alraja, 2016; Slade et al., 2015). As
hypothesized, the IC cultural value moderates the relationship between
performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating
conditions and Behavior Intention to use the system. Thus, our result sug-
gests that within the high collectivist group, the lecturers are highly influ-
enced by the opinion of colleagues and top management when establish-
ing their intentions to accept technology. Within Indonesians’ public uni-
versities nobody in a lower level dares to make decision openly without
referring the decisions to their respective superiors. Lecturers like to em-
brace a cautious demeanor which could best be portrayed as hanging
tight for the "surat keputusan" (letter containing a choice made by deans)
or a formal go or no-go choices made by rectors in an open gathering.
Consequently, the act of accepting innovation like e-learning must be con-
nected to the interests of top executives because of their ability to affect the
participation. This is because individuals in a collectivist society give higher
priority to obedience, respect, and more agreeable towards social relation-
ships and the well-being of others (Hofstede, 2011; Tarhini et al., 2017).
Although the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology
(UTAUT) model is validated within the Indonesian public university sector,
the adoption of Elearning technology is not that simple due to the rigid
culture. This is the reason why although the IT enormous investment has
been conducted for more than three decades ago in Indonesia; the per-
formance of the projects remains sluggish (Aang Subiyakto et al., 2018).
In justifying the slowdown of advancement, Rajiani and Pyplacz (2018)
proved two thoughts: the structural and the cultural assumption.
The structural hypothesis accused the fundamental obstacles raised
by the present government, while the cultural hypothesis recommended
that values were contributory in hindering progression. Observing the
present condition in Indonesia, there is a downside in defending the struc-
tural theory. This way, the time has come to analyze the cultural hypothesis
that proposes Indonesian values are instrumental in deterring their pro-
gression. The cultural significance is useful as confining methodology for
pondering the presence of the organization and in investigating of what-to-
do thoughts that encompass public service (Rajiani and Kot, 2018).
Moderating factors like cultural values may assist to account for
irregularitiesbetween Technology Acceptance Model researches and may
expand its explanatory power. It is accordingly critical to investigate the
moderating impact of cultural factors on the primary Technology Accep-
tance Model connections inside the setting of e-learning. Here we employ
Individualism-collectivism (IC) to investigate if the explanatory power of
Technology Acceptance Model is enriched in our examination setting
through the existence of this additional construct.
To sum up, this investigation considers that the Technology Ac-
ceptance Model may not be appropriate for overall societies and subse-
quently tests its pertinence in the under-investigated Indonesian setting. It
additionally acknowledges that culture may go about as a mediator for
some part of the Technology Acceptance Model connections and investi-
gates these moderating impacts using the individual-level estimation of
cultural values within the sample. Although the Internet is a worldwide gad-
get, the viability of specific applications like E-learning innovation ought to
be evaluated locally since users typically work in nearby/social setting.
V. CONCLUSION
The consequences of this investigation add to the technology
acceptance literature by providing empirical evidence on how culture im-
pacts lecturers’ intentions to use technology. Given that culture impacts
individuals' perception as well as decision making in using technology,
decision-makers when encouraging lecturers to adapt the technology ought
to think about cultural variables that may impede the technology adoption
mainly within the setting of a developing country where there is a gap in
the advancement of technology coming from the western hemisphere.
As a convenient sampling technique strategy was employed to
gather information, it may have affected the generalizability of the outcomes.
This way, the result of this investigation may not be illustrative of overall
university lecturers' opinion.
Future research ought to comprise lecturers from various areas of
Indonesia to accomplish better generalizability. Future investigations are
urged to incorporate progressively more related factors that impact Indo-
nesian lecturers’ intentions to use technology.
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MANAGING CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY BY
REVITALIZING BALINESE CULTURAL IDENTITY
Sukawati, T. G. R.1, Riana, I. G.2, Rajiani I.3, Abbas, E., W.4
ABSTRACT
In running the sustainability of a business, Balinese Indonesia depends on a
philosophy of Tri Hita Karana (three causes of well-being) guiding people to live
harmoniously with others as well as their surroundings. This principle makes
Bali become the most competitive and distinctive tourism business compared to
other parts of Indonesia. However, the eroding market position and massive
expansion of international hotel chains force the indigenous businessman to
look insight from outside to maintain the business sustainability. The main objective
of this study is to examine a broader comprehensive view of how the company
identifies sustainability impetus without neglecting the right practices and values
prevalent among Balinese Indonesia. Experimental data have been acquired
from native ethnic specialists and organization influential executives. The results
indicate that from an internal perspective, the responsive leader is the most
determinant force. In contrast, from an external perspective, the most significant
factor is the company’s distinction. The study combines both company’s
sustainability impetus from inside and outside organization and how the cultural
values affect these drivers. Since cultural identity has strategic importance in
Bali tourism, it is necessary to revitalize Tri Hita Karana culture’s application
related to strategy formulation and implementation in the hotel industry to gain a
competitive advantage as well as organizational performance.
Keywords: harmony, corporate sustainability; drivers, culture, leadership.
Article history:
Received June 28, 2019; Revised October 11, 2019; Accepted October 20, 2019.
Published: 2019-12-31. DOI: 10.17512/pjms.2019.20.1.34. GICID: 01.3001.0013.7126.
Issue: Polish Journal of Management Studies 2019; 20 (1): 394-404.
1. Tjokoda Gde Raka Sukawati. Udayana University. tjokde@unud.ac.id
2. I Gede Riana. Udayana University. gederiana@unud.ac.id
3. Ismi Rajiani. Lambung Mangkurat University. rajiani@ulm.ac.id
Managing Corporate Sustainability by Rvitalizing Balinese Cultural Idetity

93
I. INTRODUCTION
Business executives are increasingly concerned on the
interconnection of cost-effective, ecological, and societal sides of the
business (van der Berg et al., 2019), and how these links affect the business
operations (Manning & Reimsbach, 2019). Attaching sustainability standards
into an organization’s framework usually present difficulties (Rajiani & Kot,
2018). As such, the intricacy and the multi-dimensional issues make
numerous sustainability approaches depend on techno-driven arrangements
and administrative experimentation. Ironically, this policy tends to neglect
the organization framework’s components and the four elements of
sustainability: economic, environmental, social, time, and their interactions
(Lozano, 2019).
Lately, corporate sustainability (CS) has developed as a mantra
for conducting the business (Das et al., 2020), and the compulsory path for
organisations (Ashrafi et al., 2020). As such, to turn out to be perceived
as ecological minded, the organization should embrace changes that
incorporate the presentation of clean high-tech, manageability business
plans, and by giving a fair price of product and service. (Demirel & Kesidou
(2019).
Bali in Indonesia is a well-known small island tourism destination
where cultural identity is driven by the Hindu-based Tri Hita Karana (THK)
philosophy. THK literally translating as the “three causes of well-being”
centers on the belief that prosperity will only be accomplished through a
harmonious connection between individuals and nature (Palemahan); the
relationships among human beings themselves (Pawongan); and the
relationship between human beings and God (Parahyangan). Previous
empirical work in Bali had shown a strong influence of THK on destination
strategy and the importance of culture for the realization of the destination’s
strategic goals (Rahmawati et al., 2019).
For quite some time, hotels have struggled with cost-effectiveness
and profitability. Since the massive development of the hotel industry around
the globe, especially in Bali, the competition has created little room to get
94
enough customers for breaking-even (Cong, 2020). This way, hotels are
trying to preserve their dominant position in the competitive market by
exploiting various competitive advantages. Building on this finding, the
research was expanded in the form of a qualitative case study with tourism
stakeholders to focus on the role of culturally-inspired business in Bali
and how they view the corporate sustainability drivers amidst of turbulence.

CS is corporate exercises that proactively try to support
sustainability balance, including the financial, natural, and societal
measurements. It also encounters the interrelations throughout the time
dimension at the same time highlighting the organization’s frameworks
regarding tasks and creation, the executives and technique, authoritative
structures, acquirement and showcasing, appraisal and correspondence,
and also business partners (Lozano, 2019).
Some authors (Schönborn et al., 2019; Soderstrom & Weber,
2020) emphasize that CS is not just changing in crude materials, procedures,
and items. It is also about revising corporate culture and behaviors,
implementing good practice, and defeating non-mechanical obstructions.
Accordingly, hierarchical changes for sustainability must go past contrasts
in innovation or the board frameworks for they demand cultural modification.
(Obal et al., 2020). When cultural modification is implemented, adjustment
in the hearts, minds, and souls of the organisation’s members is compulsory.
These progressions, as a rule, take quite a while and require some level
of karma and aptitude (Tian & Christensen, 2020). Durable CS change
likewise requires entire encompassing viewpoint on change management
including subtle issues, for example, mental models, the hierarchical
structure, and proposition on the best way to accomplish these
progressions (Thakur & Mangla, 2019).
CS is usually forced by external and internal factors. The external
factor tends to end in revival counter, yet it is more opposed to helping
with moving towards sustainability. In the other hand, internal factor is more
95
proactive (Broccardo et al.,2019). Other external drivers include
government’ initiatives and stakeholder pressure (Zahid et al., 2019). From
this perspective, internal elements and processes must be fully explored
or understood (Álvarez et al., 2019). One of the inward drivers in big
enterprises has been ethical leadership, which is perceived to be one of
the necessary components for the fruitful presentation, execution and
organization of progress (Joseph et al., 2019). However, the company is
not able to change on the endeavors of the leader only. Other inside impetuses
are risk management and assurance of business distinction (Schaltegger &
Burritt, 2018), improvements in economic values (Garry & Harwood, 2017),
and enhancements in the corporate image (Song et al., 2019).
To sum up, the main reasons for companies to participate in CS
are listed in the table below:
Culture influences management practice (Rajiani & Pyplacz, 2018).

The core element in culture is the value, which is a broad tendency to
prefer individual states of affairs over others. They are about evil vs good;
96
dirty vs clean; immoral vs moral, and irrational vs rational. Relationships
between people in a society are always affected by the values moulding
part of the collective programming of people’s minds in society (Hofstede,
2007). In Bali, the foundation of shared beliefs and values is the THK
philosophy which transcends to all aspects of life, including business and
governance. THK philosophy strongly influences the values, attitudes and
social norms in Bali’s tourism system and a deep connection with the
natural environment is firmly rooted in this belief system (Rahmawati et al.,
2019; Sukawati & Astawa, 2017). With this analogy, the Balinese managers
are assumed to practice the harmonious elements in managing the business
for sustainability.
However, this notion raises unexplored issues such as: are these
exclusive cultural identities of Balinese Indonesians make them competitive
and adaptive to the business environment? How do business practitioners
perceive their effectiveness? These questions call for theory refinement
and the development of a more comprehensive theoretical model of
especially in the Balinese specific culture. These unexplored issues were
the focus of this study.
III. METHODOLOGY
This paper employs a qualitative method to collect data for it
provides in-depth information about the situation and interprets people’s
understanding and experience where people are being studied (Ritchie
et al., 2013). Besides that, this paradigm provides a set of interpretive
practices. Semi-structured interviews with seven interviewees were
conducted. Three types of respondent were identified: the conceptor, the
implementer, and the beneficiary. Three criteria were used to determine
the suitable respondents; (1) perceived high knowledge in Balinese
philosophy; (2) involved in managing in the hospitality industry; (3) and
experienced in practicing the THK philosophy. After the tight screening,
the conceptors consisted of one chief executive officers of one of the
most famous local brand hotels integrating the concept of THK located in
97
Ubud Bali. Two professors of management from Udayana University Bali,
and one high-rank officer in provincial government who formulated the
policy development of Bali island, were added to validate the conception
of THK. Further, Two (2) managers of hotels in Ubud implementing the
concept THK in management were selected as implementers, and the
beneficiary was one village chief who experienced the benefit of the hotel
operation upon implementing the idea of THK.
All seven interviewees are identified as R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6
and R7. The interview was conducted in September 2019 to January 2020.
The application of qualitative study may reveal matters not explored in the
theoretical background (Sampson & Johannessen, 2020). Probing
questions to top executives aims at obtaining answers to: how can
corporation measure sustainability achievement ; and how can executives
detect, regulate, and evaluate the forces to sustainability? As Jovchelovitch
(2019) points out, executives in a group, or a corporation, may become
the most dependable informant.
Tape recorders were used during the interview, and later the data
were transcribed. Each meeting lasted for approximately one to two hours.
The data then were analysed using a thematic approach, and two critical
challenges were emerged based on the interviewees responds, which include
the reasons from inside and outside organizations to involve in CS.

All interviewees agreed and rated all the internal and external drivers
proposed where most of them viewed leadership as the primary internal reason.
The other internal reasons specified by informants are the precautionary rule,
company’ way of life, ethical and moral case, avoiding hazard, employees’
point of view, on in the company sustainability agent of change and economic
concern. The most frequently mentioned external reasons emphasized by the
respondents were: reputation; customer requests and desires; regulation and
enactment as well as society’s raising mindfulness. The interviewees then
classified all drivers into Tri Hita Karana (THK) philosophy integrating the
98
relationship between people and environment (Palemahan); people and
people (Pawongan), as well as people and the Creator (Parahyangan).
The finding is in line with the previous study (Joseph et al., 2019) that
the way the company is being led becomes the main CS motive. The importance
of leadership might be due to the some of the interviewees are currently
occupying the very strategic position in both business and public sectors.
As R1 said:
When a leader maintains harmony between the three relationships
of the creator, people, and environment, then prosperity will be
successfully achieved.
This cosmological philosophy of life has proven to be a significant
concept that has preserved the sustainability of diverse culture and the
environment in Bali, as well as peaceful living among people with different
backgrounds, even amid erosion caused by population growth,
globalization, and homogenization.
In terms of business activity implementation, Respondents 2,3 stated:
The parahyangan concept is applied by giving offerings to God. Business
activities are not only focused on maximizing profit only but also a form
of awareness hereafter. Any business activity undertaken is mostly
controlled by God. Similarly, in the implementation of pawongan concept,
99
the leaders are human beings, God’s creatures like others. The business
is also expected to be able to create a balanced relationship with the
environment. Keeping harmony or balance is conducted by not exploiting
the environment excessively in order not to jeopardize the continuity of
the business in the future. This should always be the primary
consideration when executing business strategies .
This view reflects the precautionary principle indicating the
relationship with the creator, human and the environment when running the
business that must be obeyed.
Culture is essential in knowledge creation learned from older
generations as the tacit role of knowledge mostly consists of culture (Arsawan
et al., 2018). Thus, it is evident that THK values as an organizational culture
in Bali can directly affect the capabilities of the business internally through
better organizational learning, team work’s coordination, and integration, as
well as externally, to respond to the market timely and adequately.
Further, in implementing the concept of palemahan, there is a
growing number of hotels in Bali that are also putting their focus on
promoting the sustainable development of Bali based on the THK culture
through the improvement of environmental sanitation, conservation, and
beauty along with the creation of ecological health (Budhiasa & Riana, 2020).
R4 stated:
Business people believe they can gain significant recognition from
the growing market for sustainable services if they successfully
conserve and maintain the environment. Since the concept of
sustainable tourism has become a marketing tool, such recognition
would also carry financial benefits for participating hotels. By
translating the practices of sustainability into new business offerings,
hotels in Bali would be able to compete with other tourist destinations.
Thus, based on the above description, it could be recognized
that palemahan as one of the THK cultural factors have a positive influence
on corporate sustainability of organizations to compete in a changing
environment.

100
In the parahyangan context, the Balinese are obliged to comprehend
the cultural context in their everyday life such as honouring elemental forces like
air, sky, water, rivers, mountains, plants, and others as well as by showing hospitality
and cultivating compassion towards fellow human beings. The parahyangan aspect
is related to mental endurance and moral virtue in anticipating daily challenges.
To maintain a harmonious relationship with God is one way to achieve a good
quality of life. This religious system is reflected in interaction to human beings
and nature, for example, in providing services based on honesty, compassion,
loving, kindness, heartiness, patience, hospitality, generosity. This activity is called
sewaka (worshipping) based on prema (divine love).
Concerning pawongan in the Bali hotel industry, Respondents 5,6
stated that:
To create harmony within the social environment (pawongan),
guidelines of behaviors and work ethics should be established based
on joy and sadness. By practicing these guidelines, people inside the
organization can live harmoniously and assist each other in carrying
out their duties and responsibilities successfully. For example, a superior
might assign tasks to their subordinates as it is their obligation and as
in return, the assistants should not perceive the tasks given as personal
tasks but as tasks imposed from the organization.
THK philosophy strongly influences the values, attitudes and social
norms in Bali’s business system. This moral obligations and a deep connection
with the natural environment are firmly anchored in this belief system.
This condition is confirmed by R7 stating:
Since the establishment of the hotel 30 years ago, the community has
never experienced any conflict with the hotel, even a lot of benefit has
been received by people such as employing people in the village
surrounding, and most of all expansion of hotel does not damage the
environment that people believe as a sacred place of spiritual living.
However, research has continuously proved that values and beliefs do
not automatically translate into responsible behavior (Hofenk et al., 2019). Values
and attitudes are, therefore, only two of the many factors influencing actual behaviour.

101
Accordingly, the results of our study do not suggest that philosophy increases responsible
expression in the hospitality industry. Bali’s tourism development trajectory has been
extraordinarily unsustainable, and THK philosophy has not been able to prevent this
from occurring. Bali currently faces severe water shortages and water inequity, wide-
spread waste pollution, as well as biodiversity and habitat loss (Kerr & Wardana, 2019).
Continued rapid growth in tourist numbers will lead to even more damaging impacts
(Adityanandana & Gerber, 2019). Therefore, significant behavioral changes have to
occur immediately to avoid the worst effects of future tourism growth.
In this case, THK culture emphasizes that the entire relationship should
be based on pure intention, truth, and sense of responsibility. It could only be
realized if every person in the organization shares the same insight and vision. The
change in organizations’ strategic thinking would not solely question the
organizations’ resource portfolio, but also the way the organizations adjust the
requirements from the stakeholders. Therefore, organizations have to enact their
dynamic capabilities to improve or even to renew their resource base. What is
more, they are urged to re-consider their innovation process (Riana et al., 2019),
i.e. the procedures in building new competencies and resources as a means of
revitalizing the value of THK. This revitalization needs to integrate economic,
environmental, social, time, and their interactions.
This finding contributes to effective international management in helping
partners, managers, and employees appreciate the variety by which Indonesian mainly
Balinese people work together as well as the expectations they have for their leaders.
Further, since the majority of theories of management have a Western perspective,
Indonesian cannot assume that management and organizational approaches currently
valid in another part of the world possess universal value or applicability. Therefore,
contextual application and adaptations of Corporate Sustainability (CS) are demanded
in coping with the current sustainable management initiatives.
V. CONCLUSION
The concept of sustainability is aligned with Tri Hita Karana culture,
namely parahyangan, pawongan, and palemahan that takes into account the
harmony between humans and God, humans with fellow humans, and humans
and the environment. However, we argue that the organizational culture of business
in Bali is insignificant to their performance. This is because of the local value-
102
based culture lies in the domain of values, not in the realm of action so that THK-
based culture is not sufficient enough to affect the corporate sustainability in Bali
directly. The THK values need to be transformed into a strategy as well as an action
plan to make it able to carry financial benefits for hotels and building hotels ahead
of their competitors. To bring THK culture into the domain of actions, the role of
leadership is crucially needed. As such, this study introduces a novel Corporate
Sustainability model by integrating the local and looking West models with particular
references to the unique Balinese cultural identity.
The field study was conducted successfully because of the courtesy of
one of the CEOs’.Unfortunately, such courtesy may lead to a problem. Like other
ethnographic field studies, this study could be suffered from issues of data credibility.
Even though informants being interviewed had the freedom to express their views
and their names were not mentioned in this report, it is possible that they might
supply information about the company in favorable tones. This, of course, could
result in subjective findings that might not reflect the real description of phenomena
being investigated. Further study is recommended to expand the sample to a
broader area of Bali, so the generalizability of finding can be generated.
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BAB III
ARTIKEL JURNAL
INTERNASIONAL SCOPUS Q4
BAB II Artikel Jurnal Internasional Scous Q4

107
BAB III Artikel Jurnal Internasional Scopus Q4
108
THE LIFE OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL STUDENTS
AS A MODEL OF REINFORCING THE ERODED NATIONALISM
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas1, Syaharuddin2, Mutiani3, Muhammad Adhitya
Hidayat Putra4, Jumriani5, Muhammad Rezky Noor Handy6
ABSTRACT
Known as Kota Santri - the city where many religious apprentice live, Martapura,
South Kalimantan Indonesia houses 9,232 santri in Darussalam Martapura Is-
lamic life experience school. Darussalam has 2 (two) quarters with a limit of 70
rooms, every one of which has 4 (four) santris. Subsequently, most understudies
live in residences or houses on the banks of the Martapura River. This examina-
tion plans to depict the life of understudies at the Martapura River utilizing quali-
tative methods which find that the experience of understudies depends on free-
dom in building singular capacities that at the same time construct a public
activity to accomplish shared objectives. From one perspective, understudies
are required to satisfy their own lives so their instruction in Islamic boarding
school known as pesantren is effective and produce a social cognizance among
understudies and with the network then again so it isn't disposed of from public
activity that underpins the achievement of training in pesantren. In regular daily
existence, understudies are found in building freedom and public activity actual-
ized in the act of social qualities, to be specific: strict, patriotism, honesty, au-
tonomy and participation. The estimations of public activity of santri on the
Martapura River banks can be utilized as a learning asset for sociologies study,
particularly in building autonomy and public activity.
Keywords: Social Life, Riverbanks, Social Studies Learning Resources,
Character Education.
Article history:
Received: 18 Mar 2020 | Revised: 09 Apr 2020 | Accepted: 20 May 2020. Interna-
tional Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Volume: Volume 24, Issues: Issue
10, June 2020. DOI: 10.37200/IJPR/V24I10/PR300311 Pages: 2949-2959.
2. Syaharuddin. Lambung Mangkurat University. syahar@ulm.ac.id
3. Mutiani. Lambung Mangkurat University. mutiani@ulm.ac.id
4. Muhammad Adhitya HP. Lambung Mangkurat University. adhitya.hidayat@ulm.ac.id
5. Jumriani. Lambung Mangkurat University. jumriani@ulm.ac.id.
6. Muhammad Rezky NH. Lambung Mangkurat University. rezky.handy@ulm.ac.id
as a Model of Reinforcing the Eroded Nationalism 109
I. INTRODUCTION
Education is a continuous conscious effort to realize a complete
human being. Indonesia as the largest Muslim country in the world plays a
role in forming a generation of Islamists in the context of rahmatan lil alamin.
Therefore, besides developing general education, Islamic-based educa-
tion called pesantren is molded.
According to the RI Minister of Religion Regulation No. 3 of 2012
Islamic boarding schools are community-based Islamic religious educa-
tion institutions, as education units and as a forum for education providers.
Pesantren are traditional Islamic educational institutions to study, under-
stand, explore, live, and practice Islamic teachings by emphasizing the
importance of religious morality as a daily behavior guide (Abbas, Hadi &
Rajiani, 2018).
Difference from the public school system, where students learn
the eight (8) hours per day, students at the school long as public school
students, but students follow religious activities at school and outside of
school recitals.
The life of santri outside of school is an exciting study in the view
of social science. In particular, the social life of the santri on the banks of
the Martapura River which is a santri of Darussalam Pesantren. The social
experience of santri shapes the character. Character is formed from the
internalization of values which according to Isna (2001: 98) something that
is abstract, ideal, value is not a concrete object, not a fact, not only a
matter of right and wrong that requires empirical proof, but social desires
that are desired, favored, and not liked.
Within the framework of Indonesian education, 18 values form the
character of the nation that is derived from Religion, Pancasila, Culture and
National Education Objectives (Ministry of National Education, 2010: 9).
These values will shape the character of students, namely: religious, hon-
est, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic,
curiosity, national spirit, love of the homeland, respect for achievement,

110 as a Model of Reinforcing the Eroded Nationalism
friendship / communicative, peace-loving, love to read, care for the envi-
ronment, care for the social, and responsibility (Suyadi, 2013: 8-9).
The implementation of 18 values in character education through
the Character Education Strengthening (PPK) movement was compiled
into five main character values, namely: religious, nationalism, integrity,
independence and cooperation. The five main character values in the KDP
Education Social Sciences support the objectives of Social Studies Edu
cation. According to the National Council for Social Studies (NCSS) the
goal of IPS (NCSS, 1994): "The primary purpose of social studies is to
help young people develop the ability to make informed and reasoned
decisions for the public good as a citizen of a culturally diverse, demo-
cratic society and an interdependent world.
In the context of learning, real life is a source of social studies
learning. According to Wina Sanjaya (2010: 175): Learning resources are
all things that can be used by students to determine materials and learning
experiences following the objectives to be achieved. Learning resources
include people, tools and materials, activities, and the environment. The
community is a social education laboratory.
Thus, adjusting to the context of Social Studies Education, the
values of the social life of santri on the Martapura River banks can be used
as a learning resource for social studies education.
II. METHODS
This study uses qualitative methods. Descriptive data in the form
of written or verbal words from people and observable behavior (Moleong,
2007: 4). According to Nana Syaodih Sukmadinata (2005: 60), qualitative
research is aimed at describing and analyzing phenomena, events, so-
cial activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, thoughts of individuals and
groups. The data collected is not in the form of numbers, but rather data
derived from interview texts, field notes, personal documents, memo
notes, and other official documents.

Data collection is Snowball sampling with the selection of infor-
mants. Researchers act as human instruments Lincoln and Guba (1985:
39). Data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation
with data analysis techniques modeled by Miles and Huberman. Miles
and Huberman; data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing.
III. RESEARCH RESULT

City of Martapura, the capital of Banjar Regency, is famous as the
City of Forefront Mecca. Nearly 100% of the population of Martapura City is
Muslims, and there are pesantren and Islamic religious studies so that
they are called the City of Santri. In Martapura it is prevalent KH Zaini bin
Abdul Ghani who is popularly called the Guru Sekumpul (Abbas, 2015: 9).
In Martapura City 9,232 students live in dormitories or houses on
the banks of the Martapura river (Warnidah, 2017: 58. The santri from the
Pesantren Darussalam, Martapura. The social background of the santri
parents as farmers, teachers, entrepreneurs, and civil servants. Santri
comes from the cities of Martapura, Banjarmasin, Banjarbaru, Rantau,
Kandangan, Barabai, Amuntai, Tanjung, and various regions, especially
from Kalimantan.
The life of students prioritizes studying at the Darussalam Martapura
Islamic boarding school and visiting teachers in the Taklim assembly. wake
up early, at 4:00 a.m., with religious awareness Internalisation of religious
values, is the foundation of the character of akhlakul kharimah. The prac-
tice of the teachings of Islam is based on faith in Allah SWT as a form of
piety such as prayer, reading the Qur'an, learning the books of Islam,
Maulud Habsyi and to the taklim assemblies that build the personality and
social life of santri.
According to Bakhri (24), santri from the Dormitory of the Govern-
ment of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, the life of a constructive santri. For
example, santri at the Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency Government dormi-
tory with 11 rooms are filled with 2-5 santri with 11 rooms. The hostel has a

bathroom, toilet and kitchen facilities. Electricity bills and PDAMs are paid
by the Government of South Hulu Sungai Regency.
The location of the dormitory is not far from the river, sometimes
when electricity is dead or long queues, students go to the river for bath-
ing, washing, and latrines. School holiday time for the santri pilgrimage to
Kalampaian, Sekumpul, and other teacher graves. Santri works together
for cleanliness or community needs.
According to Faisal (26), Chair of the Barabai Dormitory: This dor-
mitory belongs to Guru Syukri Yunus. There are 15 rooms with 30 stu-
dents. Each room is filled with 2 people with an IDR 20,000 dormitory fee.
The daily activities of santri for bathing, washing and toilet purposes in the
river because the dormitory does not have a bathroom and toilet.
The life and activities of students in the dormitories provided by
the Regional Government, dormitories that are privately owned, are al-
most the same. Likewise the lives of students living in people's homes.
Santri performs morning activities nearing the pesantren, studying at the
pesantren, and after returning from the pesantren to the taklim assembly. If
not to the majelis taklim, santri exercise, fish, and religious activities.
Santri chose to stay in a dormitory because of the low cost. Some-
times students share a bed or take turns sleeping on the floor. The aver-
age santri receives Rp. 500,000 per month from their parents. Even so,
santri submissions depend on their parents' abilities. According to Amin
(19): I was sent Rp. 300,000 per month for school fees, books, meals, and
tuition fees. Therefore, I go fishing to the river to get a side dish.
Even though the association of santri is more dominant among
santri, the santri attend the holy book recitation with the surrounding com-
munity and exercise pimpong, badminton, and martial arts, even watching
TV, especially badminton and football matches. A national day or gotong
royong cleaning the environment is done with the community.
Santri also establishes communication and life with the community
around the dormitory and participate in social activities such as grandeur,
haulan, salvation, and prayer. The society invited them to attend haulan,
salvation and celebration events. The existence of activities like this makes
the social life of the santri with the community well established.
Living in a community environment is indeed not just limited to
interaction. The community also has rules that bind students who live in
dormitories. The regulation became the guarantor of the harmony of the
social life of santri on the banks of the Martapura River.
IV. DISCUSSION
Character Education Values in the Indonesian education system
with 18 formulas through the Character Education Strengthening (PPK)
movement was compiled into five central character values, namely:
4.1 Religiosity.
The life of santri on the banks of the Martapura river is a life of faith
and devotion to Allah SWT. Islamic values are internalized as noble char-
acters (aklakul kharimah). Religiosity is based on faith in Allah SWT as a
form of piety such as prayer, reading the Qur'an, studying the books of
Islam, maulud habsy, and to the assemblies of talim.
The daily life of the santri learns Islamic religion and general knowl-
edge at the pesantren and teaches themselves to come to the majelis to
practice Islam faithfully. According to Ersis Warmansyah Abbas (2017): the
practice of Islam is disgraceful developed by KH Zaini Abdul Ghani (Teacher
Sekumpul) from the principles of the Banjar community, study (studied)
and gawi (done).
Every sigh of breath, behavior, and actions of santri based on
Islam. According to Muhidin (24): "Santri read Al-Qur'an every night, attend
recitation on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday." What is learned
in school is practiced in life.
For students, studying and studying Islam means cleaning the
heart. Clearing the heart removes heart problems such as envy, envy,
hasad, and so on. Cleanse the heart, cleanses the soul as a basis for
clean birth. That is, the body, clothes, place of residence, and the environ-
ment must be clean. Santri's daily life is the education of cleansing the
mind and being born.
Students build mutual respect and respect among the departments,
the community, and especially respect for the teacher. The main focus of
each santri is learning, developing a personality as an individual in so-
cially based tolerance. Areas of origin, economic capabilities, etc. are not
distinguishing markers.
Individual differences are embedded with tolerance, accept di-
versity, respect, and respect for friends, respect differences of opinion,
both fellow students and the community. According to Hidayaturrahman
(19): "There is no friction between the community and students because of
mutual respect."
Tolerance applications look more anthropic when calamities oc-
cur, such as fires. The santri immediately participated in putting out the fire.
As a tourist city, Martapura City is visited by various races, nations, and
religions who are treated as guests. Helping each other and not forcing
the will are studied and encouraged. Squeue to build a mindset respect-
ing differences. Appreciate essential differences, even though in Martapura
City there are only a few religious people other than Islam.
Based on Islamic education, santri have faithful and pious lives,
are clean and born, tolerate, and love the environment. Islam teaches that
the social environment is built for the sake of togetherness and the physi-
cal environment is maintained for the survival of human life.
In pesantren life, Islamic values in environmental care are learned
to be internalized to maintain the environment in which they are supported
to maintain cleanliness. Prophet Muhammad's Hadith: "Cleanliness part of
faith." Santri maintains a clean and healthy environment (dormitory) with
cooperation. According to M. Yasir (18): the santri cleans the pesantren
environment every day and specifically on Thursday mopping the floor.

Every Friday afternoon is cleaning the dormitory environment. The prin-
ciple planted, the clean environment makes learning comfortable.
4.2 Nationalism
Life of the santri on the banks of the Martapura river is an Islamic
religious life which is linked to patriotism. A santri is a nationalist. Since
entering the pesantren, planting nationalism is fundamental. How to think,
behave and do santri in a blend of Islamic values and Indonesian national-
ism. This can be seen with loyalty, concern for language, physical envi-
ronment, social, cultural, and economical in the nationalistic language: the
interests of the nation and the state above self and group interests.
For santri, love of the motherland means loving oneself, family,
Muslims, in the context of Indonesia so that undermining the Unitary Re-
public of Indonesia is contrary to faith. According to Nurdin (18): Islamic
boarding school students are given an understanding of the love of the
homeland to be practiced. Diligently learn the part of the love of the moth-
erland, because every human being in Indonesia is not a burden on the
state, but a contributor to the glory of Indonesia.
Loving Indonesia in the principle of Kaji and Gawi is done with
high enthusiasm, national spirit. The commemoration of national holidays
was enthusiastic, such as the Independence Day of the Republic of Indo-
nesia. Santri enthusiastically contributes such as installing trinkets and flags
on the front of their dormitories, preparing and participating in various com-
petitions, in dormitories or at higher levels, sub-districts, districts, and prov-
inces. Every 17th, every month the students attend the flag-raising cer-
emony. There is a jargon: Santri is a stronghold of the Republic of Indone-
sia.
Strong nationalism, as a reflection of respect for diversity. Santri is
educated that Indonesia is a nation of diversity, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika.
Santri study the history of Islam, the Indonesian people, are Indonesian
pioneers, enforcers, and fighters. Love the homeland in the teachings of
Islam, Alqu'ran (At-Taubah: 122): "And it does not fit for the believers to all

go (to the battlefield). Why do some of each group among them not go to
deepen their religious knowledge and to warn their people if they have
returned so that they can look after themselves ".
4.3 Integrity
Integrity as a value that underlies the behavior of being a person
as a person who can be trusted words and actions which have a commit-
ment and loyalty to human values. Learning and applying the character of
integrity is implemented in honesty, exemplary, politeness and love of
truth. Integrity means respecting individual dignity and upholding human
values.
When visiting a pesantren or santri dormitory, the wallet is scat-
tered, God willing, the purse will return to the one who has it. Honesty is
the attitude of santri. Honest practice, both in learning at pesantren or majelis
taklim, especially in social life is the value instilled since santri enter the
pesantren. In the City of Martapura, the religious life based on the Islamic
faith honesty puts things very commendable.
Santri are trained honestly on themselves and in social life and
contribute to building an honest society. The principle that is instilled, dis-
honesty will result in being stuck in trouble. Honest nature should always
be realized in everyday life, both to parents, the community and the gov-
ernment. So, if you act dishonestly, students will rebuke. Honesty is done
by practicing it.
Exemplary as behavior by imitating the example of the Prophet
Muhammad, namely: sidiq, amanah, tabligh, and fatanah (Ersis, 2015: 39).
For students, the case of the Prophet was exemplified by what the
Sekumpul Teacher did. According to Ersis (2017: 103): Teachers A group
of builds optimism in human relationships (hablumminannas) and the rela-
tion to Allah (hablumminallah). A Muslim must know himself, build a warm
friendship to strengthen faith, increase piety, and emulate the Prophet.
Words of God are practiced in the life of the Prophet.
The life of santri is paddled for truth, sincerity, and patience as
sidiq actualization. In the practice of trust, santri is fair, istiqamah, devotion
to parents, vigilance, and respect. In the practice of tabligh with gentle-
ness, cleanliness, empathy, humility, courtesy, and responsibility. It was
built from self-discipline, diligent in learning, persistent, logical, wanting to
achieve, creative, thorough, and cooperate.
In daily life, the santri respect the teacher becomes very impor-
tant. Learning without the blessing of the teacher is a waste. Respecting
older people as politeness is elaborated with courtesy of friends and chil-
dren.
Practicing exemplary Rasulullah SAW, students live in harmony.
Thus, santri practice life based on love for truth, not on what they want. The
highest truth comes from Allah SWT, practiced by the Prophet Muhammad,
and exemplified by the teachers. Parents have implanted this.
4.4 Independent
Attitudes are fundamental for a santri. Independence is instilled
since the santri chooses education at the pesantren. Parents take santri,
the average economy of parents from the lower classes and santri must
be able to survive as santri. The value of an independent character is an
attitude and behavior not dependent on others, using all the energy, mind,
time to realize the ideals. For santri, the independent character is revealed
with a good work ethic, energetic, creative and a true learner.
Hard work means doing something without getting tired of doing it
seriously until the goal is achieved. Islam teaches its people to work hard.
Among the students' hard work behavior requires knowledge as worship
because Allah SWT, study the books diligently, do homework earnestly
and not be lazy.
According to Muhammad Nur (22) from the Amanah dormitory: af-
ter waking up at 4:00 a.m., the students took a bath and prayed at dawn in
the congregation. Towards the pesantren at 08.00 the students work on
unfinished assignments or memorize the hadith or surah. Independent
tasks when there are difficulties discussed.

After the learning assignment, students learn the book according
to their talents, for example about nahu or Hadith. Santri must also take
part in community service and clean up. According to M. Nur (21), learning
must be serious, because the results are indeed right. If you are lazy, the
consequences are bad for yourself, parents and society.
Santri cooks the necessities for consumption, washing clothes,
cleaning the room without needing help from others. According to Nurl
Khaliqin (21) from Al-Manar 1 dormitory: Student activities start with waking
up, morning prayers in congregation, reading al-Qur'an, washing clothes
in Martapura River, cooking, preparing lessons and going to pesantren.
The journey from the dormitory to the pesantren is by foot. The distance
between the dormitory and the 2-kilometer boarding school is not an
obstacle.
Discipline is a feeling of obedience and obedience to values that
are believed to be his responsibility. Santri trains themselves to fulfill their
duties or adopt patterns of behavior of Kiai. Discipline means training your-
self to do things in an orderly and orderly manner continuously to achieve
goals. The lives of the santri in part contain the implementation of habits
and repetition of activities routinely from day to day in an orderly manner.
In these routine activities and habits, some values become a benchmark
for the truth of their implementation.
According to Nuril Khaliqin (21): Residents of the dormitory are
obliged to pray at dawn in the congregation, wake up at 4:00 p.m., fol-
lowed by taking a shower, doing assignments or preparing for study. Five
times prayers in congregation. The santri are not justified not to perform
Subuh prayer in the group in the Majelis Ta'lim Sabilal Anwar Al-Mubarak,
because after receiving a warning, students who do not pray at dawn in the
congregation are expelled from the dormitory.
Planting discipline as described by M. Saifudin (23): When enter-
ing the pesantren area, you must use long-sleeved koko clothes, sa-
rongs, and peci. Can not carry sharp objects. When taking a break at

10.00, Dhuha (morning) prayer students. Late in learning to get witnesses,
from warnings to not being able to take lessons.
Thus students are trained to dare to learn themselves, dare to
accept shortcomings and expectations that can be achieved when study-
ing hard. Dare to face life and its challenges. For santri, the main fear is to
Allah SWT which is interpreted that what Allah SWT has to do must be
done, whatever the challenge, and what is forbidden to be shunned. Cour-
age is the courage to uphold the truth.
For example, a santri dares to be open. When his friend excelled
in the competence of reading the Qur'an while he was defeated, he appre-
ciated the achievements of his friends and acknowledged his lack of self
without paralyzing the spirit of progress. Santri are brave towards them-
selves, dare to others in upholding the truth. Santri are lifelong learners.
Learning, learning, and continuing to study is the students' motto. Since
waking up in the morning, the process of self-learning takes place with
self-examination, serving Allah SWT which is continued in the pesantren
and then to the teachers who open the taklim assembly and study
independently.
The daily life of the santri prioritizes learning, after learning at the
pesantren, they explore the science of Islam by visiting teachers who
hold majlis taklim, even learning from the environment through the tools of
kauniyah, the creation of Allah SWT such as land, water, air, rivers, moun-
tains, and so on. Demand knowledge from the cradle to the grave.
4.5 Mutual Assistance
In the practice of daily life, santri live cooperation. Enthusiasm and
action in addition to individual activities are carried out in collaboration,
jointly solving problems, establishing communication among students and
the community, and helping those who have to be supported, respecting
others, working together, helping, empathy and solidarity and anti-discrimi-
nation and non-violence.

In addition to individual needs, santri build cooperation. From clean-
ing the dormitory to carrying out religious activities, commemorating Is-
lamic holidays and national days. Cooperation is very prominent in the life
of students. Working together means building solidarity through a variety
of joint activities to achieve common goals.
Islam teaches Muslims to be brothers. Brotherhood can be estab-
lished because of togetherness. These feelings can arise because they
interact with one another. Togetherness will foster a sense of mutual atten-
tion and sympathy. Students who live in dormitories away from parents
instinctively need friends to share. The feeling of brotherhood is strong
because friends and fellow students at the pesantren, like the surrounding
community, are a place to share, joke, complain, and so on. The problem
is overcome together with brotherhood.
The atmosphere of brotherhood makes the lives of santri help.
Sometimes there are santri who are late in getting a shipment from their
parents; the other students lend money. A helping attitude as a reflection
of aklakul kharimah by developing brotherhood and helping.
Development of help helps for example in cleaning up places to
study, cleaning dormitories, violations and mosques, and concerning the
community environment. Please help to be a characteristic, no need to be
asked in social work, because it has become part of his life. When a fire
occurs, for example, students come to extinguish the fire. Likewise, when
the community needs the mind and energy of the santri, students are ready
to participate.
Thus building up family becomes essential. Santri builds a family
model in a spiral of social life. The kinship of the dormitory, the relation-
ship of the pesantren in the framework of "being equally heavy and lightly
carried" is developed with the community as stated by Muhammad
Hidayatullah (17): "The interaction pattern of friendship between santri is
perfect because students pay attention to each other in any case."

Public views on the banks of the Martapura River, during leisure
time, students discuss lessons or about issues that develop in the com-
munity, until the presidential election. With the family system, santri is al-
ways baimbay (together) practicing habsyi, helping each other when
needed.
Building cooperation, solidarity, mutual help, and kinship, brother-
hood makes santri's social care very high. Santri builds the attitude that
humanity's awareness as a social being in personal obligations in togeth-
erness builds mutual help.
Working together for social interests is part of the life of students.
For example, santri do not need to be ordered or forced to repair bathing
facilities in the river or renovate latrines, because this is for the needs of
students and the community. Likewise, if there is death, santri ta'ziyah
follows the salvation, haulan, and celebration. Social activities as a prac-
tice of social care.
V. CONCLUSION
The social life of santri on the banks of the Martapura River is built
on the awareness that santri, develop their individual lives so that their
education in pesantren is successful and make social life among santri
and with the community so that they are not eliminated from social life that
supports the success of education in pesantren.
Religious life is built in faith and devotion to Allah SWT. Islamic
values are internalized as the foundation of noble character (aklakul
kharimah). Religiosity is based on faith in Allah SWT as a form of piety
such as prayer, reading the Qur'an, learning the books of Islam, habsyian,
and going to assemblies in the City of Martapura.
The values of the social life of santri on the Martapura River banks
are very positive, both fellow students and the community, and can be
used as a source of social studies learning, especially in building
independence and social life.
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Sejarah, Jurusan IPS, FKP ULM, Banjarmasin.

COMPETENCY OF CRITICAL LITERATION OF STUDENTS LIVING
IN THE BANK OF RIVER AREA IN BANJARMASIN CITY
Jumadi1, Nasrullah2, Syaharuddin3, Mutiani4,
Jumriani5, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas6
ABSTRACT
The main task of education is to facilitate students to be able to face their future critically and
creatively. For this reason, schools should provide a variety of literacy competencies that are
needed by students in order to face the increasingly complex challenges of life now and in the
future. Of the many subjects given at school, language subjects, especially reading literacy
material, are most responsible for being able to equip students' literacy competencies. This
study describes: (a) the level of critical literacy competency of junior high school students living
in the riverbanks in Banjarmasin City; (b) the implementation of critical literacy learning to-
wards students at SMPN who live in river areas in the city of Banjarmasin; and (c) the
availability of library resources to support the improvement of critical literacy of students in
schools living in river areas in Banjarmasin. This research includes a combination of quanti-
tative and qualitative research. The determination of the sample of this study used stratified
random sampling technique. The data source of this study were students and teachers who
came from seven public high schools in the riverbanks in Banjarmasin City. Data collection
techniques are done through tests and non tests. Quantitative data were analyzed using the
SPSS program and qualitative data were analyzed by text analysis techniques.The results of
the study show: the critical literacy reading competence of Banjarmasin students is low be-
cause the learning approaches used in the learning process of reading do not all lead to the
implementation of a scientific approach emphasize active students. In addition, critical literacy
learning materials are still focused on understanding the structure and content of the text and
have not touched on a critical review of the text and the implications of the contents of the text
for the purpose of community life, especially related to life on the riverbanks, and there are not
adequate literature sources available to support critical literacy learning.
Keywords: competence, literacy, literature.
Article history:
Received: 18 Apr 2020 | Revised: 09 May 2020 | Accepted: 02 Jun 2020. International
Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 08, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192.
1. Jumadi. Lambung Mangkurat University. jumadi@ulm.ac.id.
2. Nasrullah. Lambung Mangkurat University.
Competency of Critical Literation of Students Living
in The Bank of River Area in Banjarmasin City 125
I. INTRODUCTION
Theeducational task is inseparable from the life and culture of the
community in the educational environment it is carried out (Abbas et al.
2019). The core thought is that the classroom should mirror the wider
community and function as a laboratory for real life learning. Therefore, in
the learning process teachers should build a social learning environment
that is characterized by democratic procedures and scientific processes.
The teacher’s responsibility is to motivate students to learn cooperatively
and to think about important social issues in society.
Meanwhile, a critical education expert, Freire (2000) states that
learning is essentially a process of gaining knowledge, skills and attitudes.
For this reason, in the learning process the subject must use a scientific
approach in dialogue with the world so that they can explain reality correctly.
So actually knowing is not the same as remembering. In this context justified
the synthesis of teacher and student knowledge through dialogue. The
teacher’s role is to describe the problem of an existential situation that has
been codified to help students to have a more critical and creative view of
reality.
One competency that is feasible given to students is literacy
competence. This competency is the basis that will build and strengthen a
number of other competencies, such as numerical competencies, financial
competencies, cultural competencies, and other competencies. Because
of the importance of ownership of these competencies, UNESCO firmly
states that literacy is an important tool for the effectiveness of economic
and social participation. In fact, literacy contributes to developing humanity
and reducing poverty. Literacy can encourage and maintain social
togetherness and contribute to the fair implementation of human rights.
To build literacy competencies in reading students is not a simple
matter. Experts tend to agree that the mastery of reading literacy
competencies is a very complex process. Many things must be done and
mastered in order to achieve that competency (Burns 1996: 8)

126 in The Bank of River Area in Banjarmasin City
The above explanation suggests that reading literacy competencies
are very complex and very important for students to have. Now the question
is how to describe the literacy competencies of our students reading.
Related to that, there are results of research on the literacy competencies
of reading students in a number of countries, including the reading literacy
competencies of elementary students in Indonesia.survey results IAEA
(International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement)
indicate the literacy competence of elementary school students in Indonesia
ranked 26th out of 27 countries surveyed.
Based on these various thoughts, we feel the need to conduct
research on the critical literacy competencies of SMPN students in the city
of Banjarmasin who live in river areas. With the zoning policy in their
acceptance, it is estimated that the majority of students attending these
schools come from areas that live in river areas.
For the people of Banjarmasin, the river has become the main
activity for the people of ancient times until now, especially in the fields of
trade, transportation and bathing. The rivers that divide the city are pursued
as economic magnets, especially tourism. However, in its realization, the
river in Banjarmasin City is in a paradoxical situation. One side of the river
has the main support of community life, but on the other side the community
does not care about the quality of river water.
The results of the above study indicate that the main cause of
water pollution is the life activities of people who live in the river area,
including students of junior high school who will be the target of research.
What are their literacy competencies about the environment? Information
about it is not yet available. In fact, the information is very much needed as
an effort to build awareness of the environment through the learning process
at school. The effort is a strategic step in order to break the chain of bad
behavior that results in polluted river environments. On the basis of that
thought, a study entitled Critical Literacy Competence of SMPN Students
Domiciled in River Areas in the City of Banjarmasin is worth doing.

II. THEORY STUDY
The meaning and concept of literacy today is growing. In the past
literacy was defined as the ability to read and write as UNESCO in 1957
defines literacy as “person is literate who can with understanding both read
and write a short simple statement on his (her) everyday life (2008: 18).
However, literacy is now interpreted as the skill of reading words and the
world with its relation in solving life problems. This contemporary definition
of literacy marks a new concept of literacy development that was expressed
by Paulo Freire from this point where critical literacy began to be explored
and found its form in accordance with the context in which the term is used.
Lately, critical literacy theory is developing very rapidly. Critical literacy
theory views literacy as an act of understanding that empowers a person
by helping him find their voice and ethical responsibility to improve their
world. In other words, literacy is the ability to empower criticism and analysis
by means of knowledge and ways of thinking about and assessing
knowledge, constructed in and through written texts (Hanmond and Macken-
Horarik in Abednia, 2015: 78).
There are a number of principles that need to be developed in literacy-
based language learning. According to Alwasilah (2012: 168-169), the
principles include: (a) literacy is a life skill that enables humans to function
optimally as members of society; (b) literacy encompasses receptive and
productive abilities in written and verbal discourse; (c) literacy is the ability
to solve problems; (d) literacy is a reflection of cultural mastery and
appreciation; (e) literacy is a self-reflection activity; (f) literacy is the result
of collaboration; and (g) literacy is the activity of interpreting.
In its development the term literacy is a concept that is more than
mere linguistics, so that literacy is a social and political act to make a
person become an educator (Barton & Hamilton, 2000; Baynham, 1995; P
Friere, 1972; Gee 1996, 2000; Street, 1995) . Even so, it does not mean
that literacy is identical to practical political movements that are closely
related to those in control and those who are controlled, but people who
understand literary criticism are able to understand things by using multi-
perspectives through understanding sociology or culture to the political
point of view attached to text produced at the level of social interaction that
occurs in general.
In connection with the ‘critical’ attitude contained in the word critical
literacy, that there are 3 concepts that are carried in the discourse in it:
Critical Pedagogic, Critical Thought and Critical Literacy (Cooper, et al,
2008). Of these three things, one of them is critical literacy initiated by
Paulo Freire who emphasized that literacy learning must be aimed at
reading words and reading the world or reading texts and contexts.
Furthermore Wisudo (in Tilaar, 2011, p. 200) expressed his view,
that “critical literacy can be briefly understood as the ability to read texts
actively and reflectively with the aim of gaining a better understanding of
power, inequality or inequality, and injustice in human relations” . Meanwhile,
according to Johnson and Freedman (in Priyatni, 2012: 28) revealed that
critical literacy is a combination of critical thinking skills and attention to the
content of social justice, politics, language, and power that is in the text.
Critical literacy education explores language relationships that focus
on the need to create critical speakers, readers and writers and are able
to elaborate on the texts that surround them and interpret them both in
products and their results. In this connection literacy is recognized as an
ideologically defined source of meaning making (Ioannidou, 2015). Added
by Cooper & White (2008) who explained that critical literacy is related to
the process of developing self capacity (self-efficacy) to read situations
and accompanied by an attitude of search to influence positive social
change. This opinion is supported by Lee (2016) who expresses critical
literacy as “learning to read and write as part of the process of becoming
aware of the experience of a person who was built historically in a specific
power relationship.”
Literacy, however, cannot be separated from the world of pedagogy.
because in learning literacy or critical literacy, the final ability to understand
what is read and written as part of the nature of educational objectives is
presented, as explained by langeveld in (Ibrahim, 2017) which states that
“pedagogic is a theory that is meticulous, critical and objectively developing
its concepts regarding human nature, the nature of children, the nature of
educational goals and the nature of the educational process. “
In its development, to develop critical literacy skills, critical
pedagogy is needed as its foundation in understanding the true nature of
goals and the educational process.Thelin (2005) revealed that critical
pedagogy is not about polemics to convey political science in the classroom
but rather tends to give authority to students to share responsibility when
encountering problems based on collective experiences encountered in
their lives
In line with this view, Giroux (2007) explains that critical pedagogy
not only presents students with a new way to think critically and act
autonomously as an individual in the classroom but also critical pedagogy
relating to providing the abilities and knowledge necessary for them to
increase their capacity both in asking deep assumptions or myths of social
practice that make up every aspect of society to take responsibility for
participating in a world that is they inhabit.
III. RESEARCH METHODS

Types and Research Approaches
The main objective of this study is to describe and explain the
level of critical literacy competence of public junior high school students
in Banjarmasin who live in river areas. In addition, this study also explains
the learning methods used by teachers in learning critical literacy; and the
availability of library facilities that support the formation of critical literacy.
To achieve that, this study used a mix of approaches (blended) two research
approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative approaches (see Thomas,
2003). Meanwhile, if linked to the Research and Community Service Guide
XX Edition, this research is classified as basic research in the socio-
humanities and education fields (Theme 10).

For the sake of time, cost, and energy effectiveness, the
determination of schools will be carried out based on purposive random
sampling based on the region, North Banjarmasin, South Banjarmasin ,
West Banjarmasin, East Banjarmasin and Central Banjarmasin. On that
basis, there are 10 schools that will be targeted for research. Students
who were sampled were students of class VIII. Data collection techniques
in this study were carried out through test and non-test techniques. The
test technique is used to measure the level of critical literacy competence
of junior high school students in Banjarmasin who live in a river environment.
The test instrument consisted of two types, namely 25 multiple choice test
questions to measure literacy comprehension reading comprehension
skills and 4 description questions to explore critical literacy from students.
Meanwhile, qualitative data includes learning method data used
by teachers; data on the number of books / readings in school; and student
visit data to the library.
After the data have been analyzed, the levels are determined
based on the assessment guidelines as follows.
Table: 1

Critical Literacy Competence
Competence of junior high school students’ critical literacy living
in the riverbanks in the city of Banjarmasin is relatively low. Details of the
findings in each sample school are described in the following table.
Table 1: Description of Critical Literacy Competencies
Learning Implementation
Meanwhile, the implementation of learning needs to emphasize
active students. Research findings have shown that symptom. However,
in its implementation it is still focused on understanding structural aspects.
In fact, in order to build critical literacy competencies, learning in schools
needs to use models inquiry learning, problem based learning, and project
based learning (see Ariyana et al., 2018: 33-38). In the learning model inquiry,
students are directed to understand concepts, meanings, relationships
through an intuitive process to finally come to a conclusion. Meanwhile,
with the model of problem based learning, students are invited to think

individually or in groups to overcome problems so that they are meaningful,
relevant, and contextual. Finally, the project-based learning model is a
learning model that involves the activeness of students in problem solving,
carried out in groups or independently through the scientific stage with a
specific time limit set forth in a product and then presented to others.
Table 1 above shows the reading competency of students is low.
The low competency is related to the learning system used. According to
the results of interviews with teachers, schools that were used as objects
of research have used the 2016 curriculum. Thus, the learning system
applied should be the desired learning system in the curriculum, a learning
system that emphasizes active students in achieving the competencies
expected in the curriculum. That is why, in the 2016 curriculum it is expected
to apply scientific approach
According to the study of teaching preparation and implementation,
not all learning conducted by teachers uses a scientific approach. Most
teachers still use the active teacher approach to explain the material,
directing students to read text in books, then students are directed to
answer the questions available in the textbooks. In fact, if a scientific
approach is applied, the process of learning to read (especially in core
activities), students are directed to make observations of texts that are
read, ask questions, and so on until they communicate the results of their
discussions in groups for each discussion in class.
The scientific approach is not the only one suggested in the
implementation of the 2016 Curriculum. May use a variety of other
approaches, such as discovery learning or other approaches. In essence,
learning to read should be able to facilitate students actively understanding
the text comprehensively and critically. Apparently, the low level of critical
literacy of SMPN students in the seven schools. In addition, in the learning
process, the teacher does not prepare a special time to train students’
critical literacy competencies. Reading learning is taught if basic
competency material is felt to be related.

Besides being caused by the learning approach factors used, it seems
that the material taught also affects student literacy competencies. According
to observations and interviews with students, the material taught by the teacher
focused on the textbook. The material taught is more focused on creating
competence in understanding the structure of the text, not on the meaning of
the text that is associated with life interests. In fact, according to experts, literacy
learning is not just language learning. Literacy learning material involves aspects
of language transforming language to interpret and use text.
The text taught is not contextual. This is seen reading material in
textbooks not directly related to student life, that is related to aspects on
the riverbanks, for example river water pollution, river transportation, or
others. As a result, when they were given texts related to the environment
on the riverbank, many of them did not know it. In fact, critical literacy
learning should be able to provide competence to understand the various
problems encountered.
The evaluation system conducted by the teacher still focuses a lot
on the questions available in the book. Learning has not led students to
think at a higher level. The level of criticism for responding to texts that are
read as one solution to life has not yet been established.
Related to the above, Freebody and Luke (in Alwasilah, 2012:
159-160) offer a literacy model with: (a) breaking the codes of texts, (b)
participating in the meaning of texts, (c) (using functionally texts and (d)
critically analyzing transforming texts.
Thus, good critical literacy learning is not only possible to be
embedded in related learning material.There needs to be arranged and
prepared a special time to design and implement the learning process. -
Continuing and involving students in various literacy competitions has an
impact on the formation of student competencies
Availability of Learning Facilities
Related to the availability of learning resources, the study found
evidence that in the seven schools studied there were not yet sufficient

sources of literature available to foster interest in reading which in turn
increased critical literacy competence students in the library most textbooks
are available in, such as dictionaries, reading books, magazines and
newspapers are very limited. In fact, library resources are a vital means of
growing literacy in schools.
Literature sources that utilize cyberspace are also not yet available.
Based on the results of interviews with the library keepers, there is no
electronic library available. In fact, there is a national electronic library site
that can be accessed by students or teachers. In fact, the officers did not
yet know that. As a result, library visitors are also very few. From the list,
students rarely use the library, except for borrowing textbooks. Could be,
this is due to the lack of existing library materials because most of the
available books are textbooks or textbooks.
Related to the above, Priyatni and Nurhadi (2017: 16) stated the
need to expand access to quality learning resources by: (a) developing
supporting facilities that shape the literacy work ecosystem ,; (b) optimize
the library as a comprehensive learning vehicle for school residents. The
library is the root of the culture of reading and writing. It is fitting for a school
library to provide convenience for users to access reading material. In the
library a variety of literacy can be carried out that is attractive to school
residents; and (c) provision of reading angles in class. That way, students
can use certain times to read in class when the teacher hasn’t arrived.
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STUDY ON ECONOMIC VALUES THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES
OF THE MANAGER IN KAMPUNG PURUN,
PALAM VILLAGE-BANJARBARU
Mutiani1, Julia Armiyanti Lestari2, Jumriani3,
Nina Permatasari4, Syaharuddin5, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas6
ABSTRACT
Economic activity is simply done to meet the needs and the achievement of
economic growth towards social welfare. Economic activity is not only inherent
in sellers but can be in producers such as artisans. This article aims to describe
the activity of artisans in the home industry that raises economic value. A qualita-
tive approach is used in research by optimizing the role of researchers as human
instruments. Analysis of Miles and Huberman's interactive model data was car-
ried out to obtain saturated data. The results of the study describe the activities of
the purun crafters including production and distribution activities. The availabil-
ity of purun resources becomes the driving factor for the sustainability of weaving
activities by the collecting group (arisan). The products produced are not only
simple webbing but are also created and distributed either directly or indirectly.
The economic value of purun crafters activities includes three aspects, namely;
social, quantity, and environment. These three aspects are intended to illustrate
that each economic activity has a certain pattern. Thus it can provide the devel
opment of the home industry, especially the purun village craftsmen strategically.
Keywords: economic activity, economic value, and artisans of purun village
Article history:
Received: 1Received: 15 Jan 2020 | Revised: 5 Feb 2020| Accepted: 30 Mar
2020. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 04,
2020. ISSN: 1475-7192.
2. Julia Armiyanti Lestari. Lambung Mangkurat University. juliarmilestari@gmail.com.
4. Nina Permatasari. Lambung Mangkurat University. nina.bk@ulm.ac.id.
Study on Economic Values Through The Activities of The Manager

in Kampung Purun, Palam Village-Banjarbaru 139
I. INTRODUCTION
Economic activity is a series of human endeavors by utilizing avail-
able resources to meet needs. Basic human needs are centered on per-
sonal, interpersonal, and social systems (Kasiati & Rosmalawati, 2016).
To meet their needs, humans develop economy by utilizing power sup-
ply. Economic development means that with economic growth that contin-
ues to be encouraged, the number of natural resources that have been
processed and utilized specifically in the resources that become material
supplies (stock resources) (Shahbaz, Khan, & Tahir, 2013). Related to the
relationship between the abundance of natural resources on economic
growth, the resources meant are not only minerals and petroleum but also
agricultural commodities.
Humans as subjects in a socio-system must be able to determine
the steps and utilize other alternative resources. Humans play a role as an
important input in economic growth. Seeing opportunities, carrying capac-
ity, and environmental potential, increasing creativity without leaving aside
aspects of profit in economic value (Bah, 2016). This is also related to
decision making in meeting needs should weigh opportunities versus risks
to produce potential benefits in the future (Choong, Baharumshah, Yusop,
& Habibullah, 2010).
Each region has regional characteristics and a variety of potential
resources. Regional competitiveness based on regional resources and
the stability of social welfare (Heryawan, Fauzi, & Hidayat, 2014). South
Kalimantan is a province that is geographically located in the southeastern
part of the island of Kalimantan, with the characteristics of the low-lying
areas on the west and east coast, while others are in the form of highlands,
namely the Meratus Mountains in the middle. South Kalimantan shows
various forms of earth relief including swamps and rivers, and some oth-
ers have a wealth of mining (Tetya, 2010). In the South Kalimantan regional
economic activity towards regional income (GRDP). Agriculture, animal
husbandry, forestry, and fisheries (22.64%), as a sector that contributes
greatly. Followed by the mining sector (20.86%),https://reliefweb.int?report/
140 in Kampung Purun, Palam Village-Banjarbaru
/indonesia//indonesiaprovince--infographic--south-kalimantan-27-nov-2014).
This is inseparable from the role of districts/cities in South Kalimantan in-
cluding the potential of the city of Banjarbaru.
The highest growth in the city of Banjarbaru was in the building
sector in the form of housing, offices, business buildings, and then the
agricultural sector (Tetya, 2010; Abbas, 2022). As an area with the smallest
land area ownership, potentially land is not a major factor of profit, but
cultivation of agricultural commodities, trade, and industry both large, me-
dium, small to household creative industries that have sprung up in the
city of Banjarbaru coloring the economy of the community (Abbas, 2022 ).
According to the Ministry of tourism and Indonesia's creative
economy states that in 2012 the creative economy industry contributed
6.9% in GDP or the equivalent in rupiah of 573 Trillion, w ich opened up
employment opportunities for 11.8 million Indonesian workers. This shows
that economic activities not only rely on community agriculture but also
penetrate the creative industry pathway, both independently and there is
government participation in the program.
In the Malaysian government program on the Fourth Malaysia Plan
(1981-1985), the development of handicrafts was given proper recognition
as a sector for eradicating poverty, especially among rural populations.
The plan is to revitalize a home industry that involves the community as
the main business actor (Redzuan & Fariborz, 2011). Therefore, the pres-
ence of handicraft as one of the economic sectors is in line with the prin-
ciple of sustainable development goals in social welfare based on exist-
ing social, economic, and environmental potentials. Economics is said to
be a branch of science that provides information related to ways to create,
distribute, and use products and services according to the needs of the
community. Further, production activities in the economy are not just fulfill-
ing needs that are measured as homo economicus but are also a means
to realize an increase in welfare (Sukirno, 2012; Syaharuddin, Susanto, &
Putra, 2020). This article aims to describe the economic activities of local
industries namely Kampung Purun, Kelurahan Palam, Banjarbaru. Thus
the responsive and progressive impact of local economic growth can be
described without leaving the local culture and wisdom in the community.

Community economic activities are manifested in a series of ef-
forts in various forms of livelihood. The community economy is the organi-
zation of an economy that is based on community resilience in terms of
the economic activities of the community as subjects and actors in the
economy. Management of economic resources independently of what can
be cultivated both as small and medium businesses such as agriculture,
plantations, animal husbandry, food, industry, and crafts (Gunawan, 2014).
The explanation above shows that economic activity is a series of activi-
ties that can describe human efforts that try to gather limited resources, to
be used efficiently to meet their needs. Therefore, economic activity can
be concluded as an effort implemented in various activities to realize the
will of a product or service aimed at combining the ability, skills, and ex-
pertise to do and be effective.
Human economic activities (Lestari, 2017) are classified based on
their priorities in the adequacy of fulfilling the needs of life in daily life,
namely: primary activities, secondary activities, tertiary activities (tertiary
activities), and quaternary activities (quarterly activities). More specifically
in economic activity is the production process that has a vital role. The
production plays an important role in increasing the value of an item so it
can be used. Production activities are defined as the process of produc-
ing an item or service by utilizing several inputs or inputs in the form of
production factors (Agung et al., 2015). This shows the existence of com-
binations and interactions of various inputs to produce output. Based on
the definition of production, the main characteristics of products include;
the creation of benefits, the assumption to obtain maximum benefits in the
form of output (results). The intended benefits are not only concerned with
personal and corporate profits but also the public interest (Hidaya, 2010).

Production can add value to an item is a combination of various
factors of production and is closely related to the level of production.
According to Rahardja and Manurung (in Muin, 2017: 206), that the factor of
production is, labor is important and needs to be calculated both in quan-
tity and quality. Capital consists of fixed capital (fixed input) in the form of
land, land, shops and building forms, and machinery or immovable or
variable capital (variable input) (Agung et al., 2015).
After the production activities, it is continued with distribution ac-
tivities. Philip Kotler (1997: 140), argues that distribution channels are or-
ganizing with the dependence of various parties. The involvement of the
process of a valuable product reaches the hands of consumers who will
use it (Nurchayati & Hikmah, 2014). Distribution channels are the route a
product takes when moving from the first producer to the end-user or user.
Based on the type of goods distributed and market segments, classified
into two namely; consumer goods and industrial goods.
Consumer goods are defined as goods that are intended for parties or
consumer components in general, while industrial goods are indicated for
a more complex part of the market, namely industrial interests (Sartika,
2010). Both of these activities strengthen economic activities towards the
fulfillment of human needs, not only that those needs also provide for the
welfare of others outside of himself, namely the family and other people
who have the same needs. Just as production will not be carried out if
there is no consumer in need, so the production will not arrive if there is no
distributor role.

The research approach used in this research is qualitative research.
This qualitative approach is used by researchers to describe the condi-
tion of objects naturally related to the activities of purun crafters. Research-
ers as an instrument that determines data collection techniques, data col-
lection, analysis to test the validity of data related to the activities of purun
crafters (Afifudin and Saebani, 2012). Researchers describe the results of
research in the form of descriptive data that is described by written words
that come from oral (Moleong, 2002). Descriptive is meant in the form of
written words that come from the oral craftsmen, not the community crafts-
men. and academics. Purun crafter consists of the chairman and mem-
bers of the purun woven crafter group. As for the non-crafters community,
namely the government, both at the city of Banjarbaru and Palam, and
academics, namely teachers and lecturers who can support the data. The
selection of informants is based on proximity to the place of research,
relationships, and involvement with the object under study (Yusuf, 2017).
Table 1 Research Subjects
No Category
Craftsman Government
1 Salasiah Katimin
2 Siti Mariana Muhammad Agus Adrian
3 Rahmah Dhiah Tri Widhiningsih
4 Saiful Nadjmi Adhani
5 Amen Darmawan Jaya
6 Maimunah Rizla Syahrianoor
7 Hery Isdaryoko
(Source: Data Processed, 2019)

Data collection can be obtained from observations, interviews,
documentation, and combined/triangulation so that researchers use data
collection techniques by observation, documentation, and interviews.
Qualitative data analysis is done by working with data, organizing data,
sorting it into manageable units, synthesizing it, searching and finding pat-
terns, discovering what is important and what is learned, and deciding
what can be told to others (Kasiram, 2010). The data analysis model in this
study follows the concept given by Miles and Huberman. Activities in quali-
tative data analysis are carried out interactively and take place continu-
ously at each stage of the study so that it is complete (Moleong, 2002).
Components in the analysis of data that researchers do include the follow-
ing; 1) Reduction of data obtained, 2) Presentation of data in the form of
narrative text, and 3) Verification of data to obtain clear conclusions of the
truth and usefulness. Researchers do several ways so that the data ob-
tained can be declared valid, among others, by extension of observation,
member check, and triangulation to get saturated data (Afifudin and Saebani,
2012).

Purun village as a title of Palam village was given in February
2016. Purun village is a new initiative with an acronym (Kelurahan mAju
Explores the Potential of the United States with Empowerment of Busi-
ness into Purun woven handicrafts). The main objective is to open access
to jobs and the sustainability of the peat ecosystem to improve the welfare
of the community around the PT Intan mine. Galoeh Cempaka in the vil-
lage of Palam (Lestari, Abbas, & Mutiani, 2020). The method used is by
developing the purun woven creative industry as a superior potential that
can become an economic leverage point (Palam Urban Profile, 2017). In
daily life, the purun handicraft business includes two main activities, namely
production, and distribution. Both of these activities become a stretch of
people's economic activities in getting daily income.
First, the production activities in Kampung Purun, Banjarbaru Palam
Village. Production activities are carried out almost every day because
weaving purun is an activity carried out since the previous parents. Al-
though in the past it was only weaving for daily use and some were sold to
the market, in contrast to today weaving to fulfill quite a lot of orders. As
stated by Rizla Syahrianoor before 2016, some people have already wo-
ven, but it cannot yet be said as an effort. Most of them take it raw and sell
it out while it is now a handicraft business. The same thing was also con-
veyed by Salasiah (Interview, 05 July 2019):

"Maanyam ni sudah mulai lawas, mulai urang tuha bahari, gawian
urang tuha lalu kanakannya dilajari sidin sampai ka aku ni nang
manarus akan (Weaving this purun first, starting first grandmother,
parents' activities and then taught to their children until I continue).
Purun weaving as a production process that produces a product
in the form of woven in various forms requires supporting factors in sup-
porting the process. Supporting factors include raw materials (natural re-
sources), the role of capital both financially and supporting equipment,
craftsmen as actors who weave purun and skills or skills that can produce
woven products. Production activities are influenced by three components
as follows:
1. Raw material
The weaving process certainly requires basic materials derived
from natural resources that are around. The existence of purun plants is a
typical swamp plant species that live around the village of Palam. Initially,
purun plants were taken freely by parties from outside the area to be wo-
ven into valuable products. At present, purun plants are no longer sold
freely and cheaply to outsiders but are utilized as raw materials for woven
handicraft local products which are the leading icons of Banjarbaru city
products. Purun plant is a type of grass that grows in brackish and swamps
around the Intlu Alluvial Mine of PT. Galoeh Cempaka which is often used
as matting material (Profile of Palam Village, 2017).
2. Human resources (crafters)
The creation of a product cannot only capitalize on abundant natu-
ral resources if it is not accompanied by the availability of human resources.
The human being referred to is not only available quantitatively but also
quality in terms of ability, expertise, or skills (Mutiani, 2019). Purun weav-
ing is not dominated by one person but together in a group of artisans.
This was revealed by Rahmah (interview, 14 July 2019) that if there is order
then it is notified to members. Each has the opportunity to weave to fulfill
the order so that the profits derived depend on the effort and tenacity of
each craftsman. The division in workmanship is also flexible.
3. Woven Products
Weaving activities carried out almost every day can produce a
product. When there are many orders, one day can finish woven accord-
ing to the level of complexity. The results of woven bags and purses can
complete up to 5 pieces if resilient to fulfill orders, in contrast to if the order
is rather loose and not within the target period. This is because weaving is
an activity carried out at home, interspersed with homework activities both
home, cooking, washing, and so forth. The products produced include;
a. Purse
b. Seminar bag (goodie bag)
c. Drinking bottle/shelf or drinking water basket
d. Various Bags
e. Accessories (bracelets, brooches)
f. Equipment (tissue box, bottle holder)
The entire product produced then enters distribution activities.
Distribution activity is the second activity carried out in Kampung Purun,
Kelurahan Palam, Banjarbaru. Distribution activities of woven products are
usually taken directly by consumers by the customer. Consumers are aware
of the existence of this purun village woven products from various sources
both appeals to the office, tourism promotion, and the presence of social
media. As said by Siti Mariana (Interview, 31 July 2019, "the crafter group
also has social media accounts such as Instagram, WhatsApp, and
Facebook so that many know our woven products." While Muhammad
Agus Adrian, as the originator of Purun Village revealed:
"The distribution of purun woven products was initially assisted by
the kelurahan, Kelurahan Palam being the second hand for cre-
ativity. Sometimes it is bought by the kelurahan and then created
to a tailor outside, after that it is brought back to the service such
as Bappeda during the General Assembly event. Purun woven is
introduced and offered during the provincial development pro-
gram. The vice president, Yusuf Kalla Musrembang Nasional,
bought it to be used for a goodie bag or seminar kit. Distribution is
also for the assistance of the mayor to Mrs. Chairul Tanjung. "
Media distribution in addition to social media also through the dis-
semination of information from people from outside Palam who buy woven
products. Government activities, teachers, lecturers, PKK mothers, school
children, and visits from tourists who come. The media for expression
through photographs is also provided by the crafter's group. The photo
arena is like in the yard of the head of RT 05, which depicts the figure of the
former young Bupati of Tanah Bumbu namely Mardani H. Maming can attract
tourists to take pictures. In front of the house of the collecting group (arisan)
al-paradise also there is a photo arena with a display of purun as decoration
and interesting attributes can also be used as a place to photograph visitors
who come. Many then post and share them on social media accounts so
that the woven products of Purun Village are also expanding.
Concerning the activities of purun artisans, of course, it raises
economic value. Economic value can be seen from three main activities
in the economy, namely production, distribution, and consumption. As ex-
pressed by Hery Isdaryoko (46 years) that economic activity is the three
major activities from production, then distribution to consumption. Its value
can be seen from these three activities. The following description of as-
pects of the activities of the purun crafters purun village Palam village;
1. Social aspects
Based on the results of an interview by Agus Adrian (41 years),
the formation of the purun village was selfhelp with elderly mothers along
with the lurah and his staff. Handicraft mothers should be empowered,
bearing in mind the potential of the riches around the community. This was
started by mothers who were quite old in the long run among other moth-
ers who were also interested, in the past only as traders, now they also
became artisans. With the growing number of crafters, new groups are
formed independently by the community. Efforts to increase productivity
and creativity are always encouraged so that the purun woven cloth is not
left behind because besides being a source of income the community
also characterizes community groups in the Palam village that still pay
attention to social and cultural ties.
Cohesiveness in the group shows solidarity in fulfilling the order
of purun woven. According to Siti Mariana (40 years), the display place for
the Al-paradise paradise woven cloth is privately owned by Siti Mariana
who intends to provide facilities that make it easier for her group's friends
to collect and display woven products. Using their costs and from coop-
erative money managed. The influence is not only in terms of social group
ties in the togetherness of the factors of production and fulfillment of purun
woven product orders, but also the positive influence felt by the commu-
nity of Palam village. Katimin (48 years old) explained that the image of
Palam village has also improved since the development of the purun vil-
lage with its purun woven handicrafts.
"The presence of these crafters' activities builds the image of Palam
Village as a Village that proactively serves and develops its terri-
tory. The opening of the flagship icon of Kampung Purun Kelurahan
Palam, the exposure in print, electronic, and social media has in-
creasingly increased the frequency of its broadcasts so that atten-
tion has an impact on increasingly intensive development activities
in Palam Village.
The occurrence of craft synergy between Kampung Purun and
Lake Seran tourism, with information becoming more open about Kampung
Purun, outside communities are increasingly interested in coming to
Kelurahan Palam, thus opening up other opportunities such as the open-
ing of Lake Seran tourism which is managed by residents (Palam Kelurahan
Profile, 2017).
2. Quantity Aspects
Purun crafter's activities as economic activities lead to material
profit and loss considerations. The use of purun is carried out by the com-
munity self-help, in addition to being assisted by the Palam village itself, it
also involves the sacrifice of business, energy, and material from the crafts-
man. The availability of nature that supports the handicraft business is posi-
tive points and advantages possessed by the Palam village community.
the availability of never-ending purun resources is also a driving factor in
the continuation of weaving activities by artisans in the purun village. Fa-
cilities and moral support from members, the community, and the govern-
ment also make crafters more active in weaving to fulfill orders.
Product diversification by creating innovative and creative new
products by utilizing environmental issues to reduce plastic raw materials
that are applied in shopping places, and Purun's unique natural character-
istics and durable and can be created with attractive coloring. Not only
produce conventional products (mats and baskets) but by making new
products such as eco-friendly shopping bags, exclusive women's bags,
sasirangan purun maps, bottles, tablecloths, kitchen spices, hats, san-
dals, etc. (Kelurahan documents Palam, 2017).
The creativity and tenacity of each craftsman are not the same, as
revealed by Salasiah. The more resilient and creative crafters, the more
income. The pattern of order fulfillment and cooperative savings is a tan-
gible form that can be seen related to the profit and income of each crafts-
man. Usually, to fulfill orders, each group member is given a target to
complete a certain amount, and if there is one who cannot complete it
according to the target, it will be transferred to other craftsmen.
3. Environmental aspects
Purun is a vine in swampy areas. This plant grows wild in the area
of +/- 20Ha, precisely the former mining excavation of PT. Galoeh Cempaka.
PT. Galoeh Cempaka has not been operating since the end of 2016. There-
fore, the former excavation became a region of purun plant growth which
was then utilized by residents. According to Agus Adrian (41 years) purun
plants if not utilized optimally cause purun plants to have the potential to
disturb the surrounding agricultural land. Purun is a weed that thrives on
acidic swampland, this weed is a type of grass that is shaped like a longi-
tudinal and hollow line. For farmers, this weed is very unpopular, because
it is difficult to eradicate and disrupt rice growth. The view of the purun
village people who live in the swampy area, this purun has an important
meaning for their lives (Mutiani, 2017).

Purun is a type of shrub that only grows in open peatlands, the
stem is upright not branched with shiny green with a length between 50-
200 cm. Purun is suitable as a handicraft raw material because it is du-
rable, strong, and comfortable to use (Palam Village Document, 2017).
Purun weaving is a tradition that has been passed down for generations.
The tradition of purun weaving is local culture, a legacy that must be pre-
served while maintaining the balance of the ecosystem that can improve
the economy of the Palam village community. Purun is a raw material that
is freely available in purun woven crafts. The uniqueness of these natural
resources provides a sustainable opportunity that can be an alternative
future livelihood for future generations.
V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

The activities of the woven purun crafters in the purun village, Palam
village, Banjarbaru city, are a series of economic activities that process
the purun plants into woven handicrafts. These activities include produc-
tion and distribution activities. The availability of never-ending purun re-
sources is also a driving factor in the continuation of weaving activities by
artisans in the purun village. Facilities and moral support from members,
the community, and the government also make crafters more active in
weaving to fulfill orders. Products are not only simple webbing but have
been created and distributed through direct and indirect channels. The
role of the souvenir shop owner in the Banjarbaru region, the Banjarbaru
city government, and the rapid social media also contributed so that the
woven products of the purun village can penetrate the local market, na-
tional to international. The economic value of the purun crafter's activities
includes three aspects; 1) social aspects are seen in community activi-
ties, 2) quantity aspects of the use of purun raw materials carried out by the
community self-help, and 3) environmental aspects in meeting the needs
of products utilizing purun known as weeds in the environment around
Palam Village. These three aspects are expected to help improve the
economy through the crafters' home industry in Kampung Purun, Palam
Village, Banjarbaru. Besides, it is hoped that the regional govern ment
can see patterns of influence of economic value as a basis for the devel-
opment of purun village artisans.
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MUTUAL COOPERATION VALUES ENHANCEMENT
DURING THE COMMEMORATION OF THE LATE
EMINENT ULEMA OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN
Syaharuddin1, Mutiani2, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas3, Jumriani4,
4Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat Putra5, Muhammad Rezky Noor Handy6
ABSTRACT
The commemoration of Guru Sekumpul, the most notable ulema from South
Kalimantan, displays the values of cooperation and mutual assistance, solidarity,
and family that can be used as a source of social studies learning. This study
describes the values of the commemoration or haul in Banjar community to be
integrated into social studies using a qualitative approach. Social studies edu-
cation is a value-based study, in this case, cultural values and local wisdom as
the formation of national identity. Introducing the values of cooperation to be
internalized to participants in Social Sciences Education is a guarantee of coop-
eration, mutual assistance, and solidarity. Suggestions from this research are to
make the values of cooperation contained in the commemoration known as
haul to become a reference in acting and life in the school environment and the
community. For teachers, the model can be used to design and develop social
studies learning materials by utilizing local values, especially the values of coop-
eration on the commemoration.
Keywords: commemoration of Guru Sekumpul, commemoration or haul
Article history:
Received: 18 Mar 2020 | Revised: 09 Apr 2020 | Accepted: 20 May 2020. Interna-
tional Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Volume: Volume 24, Issues: Issue
10, June 2020. DOI: 10.37200/IJPR/V24I10/PR300311 Pages: 2949-2959.
5. Muhammad Adhitya HP. Lambung Mangkurat University. adhitya.hidayat@ulm.ac.id
6. Muhammad Rezky NH. Lambung Mangkurat University. rezky.handy@ulm.ac.id.
Mutual Cooperation Values Enhancement During The Commemoration

of Late Eniment Ulema of South Kalimantan 155
I. INTRODUCTION
In the life of the Indonesian people, cooperation is a legacy of the
past into local wisdom. Cooperation is an old tradition, starting at the time
of hunting, collecting food to catch animals together, and share the game
(Panjaitan, 2016: 7). In the practice of Indonesian life, cooperation builds
and increases social solidarity, especially in the era of globalization. Co-
operation reinforces social cohesion in national life (Subagyo, 2012: 41).
According to Suryohadiprojo (2016: viii) cooperation culture is identi-
cal to the value of Pancasila and Sunaryo and Djokosumbogo (2017: lii) em-
phasized: The core of culture (including cooperation) is Pancasila. As a nation
with a majority of Muslims, the tradition of cooperation of Indonesian people
before the entry of Islam into Indonesia was in line with the teachings of Islam.
In Islam, cooperation has existed since the time of the Prophet
Muhammad 1400 years ago. Mahmudi (Al-Mubarakfury, 2010) suggested three
historic events related to cooperation culture, namely: (1) when repairing the
Kaaba. Rasulullah SAW collected several tribes to take the best stones to
build the Kaaba. (2) Development of the Nabawi Mosque. In the process of
building the Prophet himself participated in it. (3) During the war, The Prophet
and his companions built a moat by working together as a stronghold.
Cooperation as the values of the life of the Indonesian nation in
the future needs to be inherited for the generation to be internalized. The
current era of globalization erodes the noble values of national life into an
individualistic attitude. For this reason, it is necessary to internalize the
values of cooperation with the young generation of Indonesia. The cultiva-
tion of cooperation values through the Sekul Guru Sekumpul in Martapura
is important to be studied and developed for Social Sciences Education.

The focus of research is the value of cooperation. According to
the Big Indonesian Dictionary (2002), cooperation means: "work together
or help, help help". In a sociological study (Panjaitan, 2016: 6), it interprets
156 of Late Eniment Ulema of South Kalimantan
cooperation as a way of life for the Indonesian people to survive and
develop and therefore has been a common need of the Indonesian people
for a long time. From an anthropological perspective (Koentjaraningrat
(1974): Cooperation is used as the mobilization of unpaid labor for a project
or work that is beneficial to the public or useful for development.
In the practice of Indonesian life, cooperation is an ancestral heri-
tage. According to Suryohadiprojo (2016: 7), President of the Republic of
Indonesia Soekarno said that Pancasila if squeezed into trisila (three pil-
lars) and if squeezed into one is to be cooperation. Indonesian culture is
cooperation; cooperation as the personality of the Indonesian nation.
Concerning the values of cooperation and social conservation,
Subagyo, (2012: 63) suggests two pillars of social conservation, namely:
(a) social wisdom and (b) social intelligence. The value of cooperation is
a component of "social wisdom". Social wisdom is the values of wisdom
that are in line with the values of virtue in social life, namely: harmony, kin-
ship, togetherness, cooperation, tolerance, justice, wisdom, wisdom, com-
passion, friendliness, compassion, courtesy, trustworthiness, and religious.
Cooperation is related to social intelligence in terms of the ability
to recognize themselves and recognize others in the process of interac-
tion. Viewed from the aspect of social conservation, cooperation is an
important tool.
The values of cooperation can be used positively in people's
lives, especially in efforts to drive community solidarity. Social solidarity
needs to be strengthened so that the Indonesian people can face the
challenges of changing times, globalization, and various things that threaten
people's lives such as natural disasters, social and political conflicts
(Subagyo, 2012: 66).
The implementation of cooperation is the noble values of the In-
donesian people. Commemoration or haul is an event to commemorate
the anniversary of one's death (Imron, 2005: 13-14). This warning is a tradi-
tion of the Nahdliyin. Usually done right on the day, date, and market of

death (Fadeli, 2007: 119). Teacher Sekumpul is admired for knowledge
and morals. Therefore, local people (South Kalimantan), regional
(Kalimantan), national (Indonesia), and even some neighboring countries
such as Malaysia (international) came to commemorate the Sekumpul
Guru's haul. The Haul Guru Sekumpul is held every year. For the imple-
mentation, the committee from Ar Raudah was violated; volunteer; secu-
rity; and the Martapura community.
Various researches on haul and mutual assistance have been
carried out in various areas such as Subagyo's (2012) research on the
cooperation of the Acehnese people in the khanduri tradition to ask for
blessing, salvation or giving thanks to God. In Bali, it is known by the
value of cooperation in the subak tradition. Subak is to unite farmers in
taking care of irrigated rice fields and use them together. Similarly, the
tradition of cooperation in the Dayak community in Kalimantan when open-
ing fields or when hunting wild boar. Research by Subiyakto, Syaharuddin,
and Gazali Rahman (2016), regarding "Mutual Cooperation Values of Bahaul
Traditions in Banjar Communities in Andhika Village as Social Studies Learn-
ing Resources", found.
The bahaul tradition that forms the attitude of cooperation is in line
with the objectives of Social Education, which is to form good citizens as
seen from the practice of cooperation, social care, and empathy for oth-
ers. Preserving this attitude through social studies education has signifi-
cance to the formation of national character amid the increasingly wide-
spread attitude of social indifference. Hanif (no year), "Haul Commemora-
tive Traditions in the Sociological Approach . In Islamic practice, many
forms of cooperation, such as during the month of Ramadan, are included
in the commemoration of the haul of a cleric.
The values of cooperation is the subject of gathering focused on
exploring the values of cooperation to be a source of learning in the de-
velopment of Social Studies Education in schools.

Retrieval of data was through key informants by purposive sam-
pling and snowball. The sample depends on the selection of key infor-
mants and the complexity and diversity of the social phenomena studied
(Bungin, 2003: 53; Sugiyono, 2008: 218; Bogdan and Biklen, 1982).
Election the subject-based on the profession, experience, ability,
actual historical, and anticipatory insight about the problem under study (Al
Muchtar, 1991: 89). Forward Lincoln and Guba (1985): The determination of
samples is not based on statistical calculations.
Data collection techniques include (1) interviews; (2) observation; and
(3) documentation study. Analysis of Miles and Huberman data (1992: 20): (1)
data collection; (2) data reduction; (3) data presentation; (4) drawing conclu-
sions and verification. Reflective studies of impressions, comments, opin-
ions, and interpretations when ethnographic studies are conducted. Data re-
duction includes selection, concentration, simplification, abstracting, and trans-
formation of rough data obtained from written records and recorded results.
Some irrelevant interviews and study documents are discarded.
Presentation of data in the form of data displays with data coding, data
classification, and classification according to the focus of the narrated re-
search problem. Conclusions are new findings that are verified for accu-
racy through check and recheck and cross-check and triangulation. Refer-
ring to Creswell (1998: 201-203) data verification is done through prolonged
engagement and persistent observation. Referring to Denzin and Lincoln
(1994), data from observations and interview results were compared. Mem-
ber checks to find solutions to the informants' views on the credibility of
the findings and interpretations.

Guru Sekumpul is a popular nickname of Kiai Haji Muhammad Zaini
Abdul Ghani. Born in Tunggul Irang Martapura, on 11 February 1942 (27
Muharram 1361 AD) and died on 5 Rajab 1426 H or 10 August 2005 at the age
of 63 years. He left three wives namely Hj. Juwairiyah, Hj. Laila, and Hj. Siti
Noor Jannah and two children namely: Muhammad Amin Badali al-Banjari
and Muhammad Hafi Badali al-Banjari (Mirhan, 2014: 116). Kiai Haji Muhammad
Zaini Abdul Ghani was popularly called the Sekumpul teacher because he
gave a study in the village of Sekumpul Martapura (Abbas, 2013).
Before becoming a popular and charismatic scholar, the Sekumpul
teachers learned from: Teacher Muhammad Gadung to learn about Nur
Muhammad to Barabai, to Kandangan to Guru Muhammad Aini to study the
reading of the Koran; and to the island of Java to: Habib Muhammad bin
Husein al-Aydrus, Habib Muhammad bin Abu Bakar Assegaf, Kyai Hamid,
Guru Syarwani Abdan; Habib Sholeh bin Muhsin, Habib Abu Bakar bin
Muhammad as-Segaf, Habib Ali Kwitang and Habib Husein bin Abu Bakar
Luar Batang, Kiai Tubagus Abbas (Kiai Falak), Guru Bangil, and Sayyid
Muhammad bin Amin al-Kutbi al-Makki in Mecca, Habib Abu Bakaral-Atthos
al-Habsy, Sayyid Hassan bin Muhhamd; Sayyid Ahnri bin Abbas al-Maliki;
Sheikh Yasin al-Fadani; Sheikh Ismail Yamani, and Sheikh Zakaria bin
Abdullah al-Makki (Abbas, 2014: 369-370).
Guru Sekumpul wrote the book: (1) Al Risalat al-Mubarakah; (2)
Manaqib al-Sayyid Muhammad ibn 'abd al-Karim al-Qadiri al-Hasani al-
Samman al-Madani; (3) Al-Risalat al-Nuraniyyah fi Syarh al-Tawassulat
alSammaniyah; (4) Nubzat fi Manaqib al-Imam al-Mashhur bi al-Ustaz al-
A'zam Muhammad Ibn 'Ali Ba'lawiy (Mirhan, 2015: 116-117).
Guru Sekumpul's fame and charisma are due to his figure as a
role model cleric, merciful, gentle, and provides solutions to various prob-
lems. In addition to ordinary people, the Sekumpul teachers were invited
by national and foreign figures to be friendly, including Megawati Soekarno
Putri, Hamzah Haz, Abdurrahman Wahid, and so on. Foreign figures, in-
cluding Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia; Sheikh Ismail
Yamani, from Yemen; Sheikh Yasin al-Fadani, from Mecca; Habib Ahmad
as-Segaf, from Yemen; Habib Salim Asy-Syatiri and Habib Abdullah Baharun
are both from Yemen, Imam of the Aqsa Mosque, Muadzin Masjidil Haram
and even to the artists (Abbas, 2014: 371).
This shows the love of the ulema and after the Guru Sekumpul
death, was marked by attending the Guru Sekumpul at the same time
participating as a donor according to the philosophy of Urang Banjar "gasan
sangu bulik" means to return supplies, namely the provision of charity for
the hereafter (Abbas and Syaharuddin, 2017; Syaharuddin, 2017 2015).
The Haul Guru Sekumpul was attended by hundreds of thousands of people
who needed large spaces or land to accommodate buses, minibusses,
two-wheeled vehicles, parking lots, and accommodations. Specifically,
regarding accommodation, worshipers who are not accommodated at hotels
in Martapura and Banjarbaru are provided lodging at Sekumpul Market,
Demang Lehman Stadium, and residents' homes. Residents prepare their
houses plus tents and cable TV to monitor activities at the ar-Raudah
mosque as the center of the event.
According to Husni Thamrin (57 years): "... Guru Sekumpul Haul
showed the people's love for the Guru Sekumpul in the form of care and
participation. For the community and volunteers, participating as self-actu-
alization ". As a form of caring and participation, the Guru Sekumpul was
also conducted in Tarim, Hadramaut, Yemen by Raudhatul Banjariyyin the
Kalimantan student organization in Hadramaut. (Banjarmasin Post Daily, 14
April 2018). The same thing happened in Kandangan, Regency of Hulu
Sungai Selatan. According to Syamsudin (57 years old), Teacher's Gath-
ering began in one the year 2015 attended by the Regent, officials, Habib,
the Kandangan community.
Before the 13th Haul of Guru Sekumpul (2018), the committee,
volunteers, and the community prepared 44 public kitchens with 18,092
liters of donated rice collected. Public kitchen locations are scattered in
Sekumpul, irrigation roads, education roads, Tanjung Rema, Gunung
Ronggeng, Paring River, and In the Packaging Fence.
In addition to the public kitchen, there is a public kitchen community initia-
tive.

Teacher Gathering Values
Cooperation values (Kemendikbud, 2017 and Abbas (2017) in the
form of cooperative values, solidarity values, mutual help values, family
values. This is in line with Koentjaraningrat (1987) in Irfan (2016): Coopera-
tion known by the people of Indonesia is mutual assistance, help and
community service cooperation, help can be seen when the Martapura
community help each other to prepare the Teacher's Gathering Haul, both
in providing consumption through public kitchens, open houses, and free
stalls. Cooperation works by cleaning the environment, repairing roads,
digging drainage, and cleaning open spaces for parking for pilgrims' ve-
hicles.
The value of cooperation and mutual assistance are indicators of
cooperation values. In the teachers' haul, it was seen cooperation activi-
ties between agencies in handling traffic, establishing stop and main posts,
creating health posts, and building cooperation with various agencies such
as the TNI, Police, Transportation Agency, Health Office, Sanitation Office,
PLN and Telkomsel to support the smooth commemoration of Teacher
Sekul's haul. The synergy between the community and government and
private institutions.
There are 22 health posts for the 13th Haul Guru Sekumpul as the
implementation of cooperation and community solidarity. According to the
Banjarmasin Post (March 8, 2018), the committee involved 9,553 volun-
teers equipped with ID cards. The coordination meeting was chaired by
the Banjar District Transportation Office, attended by the Banjar District Po-
lice Chief, the Banjarbaru Police, the Banjarbaru District Transportation
Agency, the Teacher Sekumpul family, the RAPI and ORARI organizations,
the Banjar District and the Banjarbaru City. The Banjar District Health Office
in collaboration with the Banjar District Environmental Health Engineering
Center (BTKL) examines public kitchen food samples. The purpose of the
examination is to anticipate food poisoning (tribune kalsel.com, 2 April
2017).
According to Muhammad Amin (24 years), volunteering as an ap-
plication of cooperation in the form of cooperation and mutual assistance.
According to Pheneey (2014: 28): "... in a strong community, cooperation
and values contribute to the spirit of cooperation, proven and passed on
through cultural heritage. Cooperation and mutual assistance were com-
manded by the Main Command Post in the Ar-Raudah Sekumpul mosque
started by mapping the haul zone and providing health equipment in col-
laboration with the Health Office. Each post consists of medical personnel,
doctors, and medical personnel. The committee received assistance from
the East Kalimantan Government, 18 tents equipped with wide screens
(LCD) (Interview, H. Akhmad Rafie Hamdi, 48 years). Aid also came from
the overseas community of Urang Banjar from Jakarta, Surabaya, other
areas in Indonesia, and from Malaysia.
The practice of cooperation in the gathering as described by Fadel
(2008) in his article entitled, "21st Century Skill: Haw Can You Prepare for
the Student The New Global Economy", that the results of a survey of work
requirements in the 21st century are skills, including teamwork and col-
laboration.
In other words, the implementation of cooperation values can be
seen from the solidarity of the Martapura community in welcoming and
enlivening the Sekul Teacher's Haul. According to Emile Durkheim in
Sa'diyah (2016) in his theory of social solidarity, social solidarity is very
important to achieve common goals.
This was revealed by Salman (49 years): "... I live near the center
of the Haul Guru Sekumpul. I participated in cleaning the house, entertain-
ing worshipers, and preparing food, helping the public kitchen prepare
food.
Raven (1977) in Fardus (2010) explains that solidarity is part of
social values. Banjar people have an attitude of solidarity marked by their
willingness and sincerity to provide services to the Haul Guru Sekumpul
congregation. Food and drinks are abundant. Everyone competes in charity
as a form of solidarity values.

According to Husni Thamrin (57 years): "The solidarity of the people
of Martapura by giving donations in the form of mineral water and food at
the established posts. Technical provision of public kitchens, according
to Husni Thamrin (57 years): Some people bring food in the form of snacks
and aqua to the post. There are public kitchens distributing food, and
some even open "free stalls".
The forms of solidarity in society are explained by Durkheim, that
the attitude of solidarity is divided into two, namely organic solidarity and
mechanical solidarity. Organic solidarity is solidarity based on differences,
which arise as a result of a greater division of labor. This solidarity is based
on a very high level of dependency. Whereas mechanical solidarity is that
this solidarity is based on a high degree of homogeneity in beliefs, senti-
ments, and so on. (Irfan, 2016: 2)
Observations on March 24, 2018, prove the provision of public
kitchens, free food, and drinks in the form of tents such as tents providing
mineral water, tea, coffee, and various free foods. At another angle, people
to get tofu and fried tempeh. At another angle, women are cooking with a
large pot of rice and a frying pan for frying fish and chicken. In essence,
the Martapura community provides services, even free haircuts, patched
tires, free gasoline. The need for pilgrims is given priority as a picture of
high solidarity values.
The values of cooperation can be seen in the provision of parking
lots by the government, implementing committee, and the community. There
are 35 locations with different food offerings and in almost all houses. This
shows the attitude of cooperation, solidarity, and cooperation. To antici-
pate things that are not desirable, such as food poisoning, the Banjar
District Health Office in collaboration with the Banjar Regency Environmen-
tal Health Engineering Center (BTKL) is examining several public kitchen
sample foods. The types of food that are examined are all kinds of drinks,
foods, side dishes, vegetables, and other types of food. The purpose of
the examination is to anticipate food poisoning (tribune kalsel.com, 2 April
2017).
Along the way pilgrims, from Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan,
and East Kalimantan, along the road the community gave a flight. For ex-
ample, Balakar Volunteer 545 Kapuas established service posts from Fri-
day (March 23, 2018) to Monday (March 26, 2018) on two shophouses on
the Trans Central Kalimantan road.
The service post becomes a stopover and rests pilgrims heading
to Martapura. Several meals were served by volunteers such as mineral
water, tea, coffee, and instant noodles (Banjarmasin Post, 28 March 2018).
According to M. Lutfi Rahman (26 years), the solidarity of Martapura
residents starts from clearing the land around the house, preparing park-
ing lots, and meeting RT and RW two weeks before the haul to work to-
gether to prepare everything. For this reason, according to Abdurrahman
(27 years), his participation by adding street lighting. In several areas in
the Banjar Regency and its surroundings, especially in the City of Banjarbaru,
the community and Local Government repaired roads, drainage, installed
signs, installed banners and decorative lights on the road in the village.
Thus, in the implementation of the Sekul Guru Sekumpul where
the implementation of cooperation values is the main characteristic of its
sustainability. Masyakara, various organizations, and governments work
hand in hand to succeed the Haul Guru Sekumpul.
Family values are part of the values of cooperation (Kemendikbud,
2017; and Abbas, 2017) which in the context of community activities in
Banjar Martapura and its surroundings on the commemoration of the
Teacher's Gathering haul can be seen in terms of the community's willing-
ness to accept worshipers as guests.
According to Bambang Subiyakto (63 years): His family receives
guests every year and prepares a parking lot and a place to stay for 75-
100 worshipers, serving mineral water, traditional Banjar cakes. The same
thing was done by Agus Haryanto (46 years) who prepared his house to
stay for pilgrims and Husni Thamrin (57 years) where the congregation
went to his house with 12 cars partially sleeping in cars. His house is used
for bathing and ablution '.
There are pilgrims renting hotels and lodging for, but because
hotels and inns are limited, residents' houses or special places to stay
are provided by the committee. Some houses are given tents, equipped
with carpets, mineral water, and ablution places. Likewise, the view at Pasar
Sekumpul, some of the rooms used as a place to stay pilgrims.
Empathy is part of the attitude of responsibility as according to
Raven (1977) in Fardus (2010) as an important thing a person has for his
life and career in the 21st century (Partnership for 21st Century Skill, 2018:
13). The Martapura community has a responsible character shown by their
participation in lodging and consumption. The involvement of the above
teenagers according to Hurlock (1980) in Putra and Rustika (2015: 200)
shows that teenagers have a social interest in helping. Youth at Martapura,
through Martapura FC Diamond Supporters as volunteers.
The cooperation attitude of the Martapura community can be seen
from the Haul Abah Shelter Command Post for the 13th Gathering (2018),
namely: the Al Fattah Shelter Command Post, the Batang River Stop Com-
mand Post, the Jami Hidayatullah Shelter Command, the Arriyadh Mosque
Shelter, the Miftahul Jannah Shelter Post, the Batang River Shelter Com-
mand Post, the Jami Hidayatullah Mosque Shelter Post, Arriyadh Mosque
Shelter, Miftahul Jannah Shelter Post, the Batang River Drop Post Stop by
Masjid Nida'ul Khairat, Command Post Stop Command Assholihin (Fauzan
Asnia, 2018). The pilgrimage posts stop at mosques, langgar or musala,
and special tents. In addition to the ten parking spots prepared by the
committee and volunteers, there are eight parking points for worshipers
as information obtained from the Banjar District Police Public Relations
(2018) about several parking spaces, namely: Sultan Sulaiman Guest
House, PPS Sekumpul Martapura, STD Barakat, SMP Negeri 1 Martapura,
Gedung Juang, DPRD Building, Regional Government of Banjar Regency;
and Light of the Earth Congratulations.
Mutual Cooperation Mutual Values of Teachers as a Learning Re-
source for Social Studies Education
The values of the Sekul Haul Teachers' cooperation consists of
the values of cooperation and mutual assistance through the collaboration
of committees, volunteers, communities and government agencies such
as Polda and Polres agencies, the Transportation Agency, the Health Ser-
vice, the Environmental Service, the Sanitation Service, PLN, Telkomsel,
Fire Extinguisher, PMI, and so on.
The values of solidarity are seen through community activities pre-
paring free consumption, forming volunteers helping the committee, clean-
ing the environment, drainage, repairing roads, decorating the environ-
ment with banners, decorative lights, and so on.
The family values of the willingness of the people of Banjar
Martapura and surrounding areas to accommodate pilgrims to stay for.
Community activities prepare free parking.
These values are aligned with the objectives and characteristics
of social studies education to explain that the Sekul Haul Teachers can be
used as learning resources for social studies learning in basic education
(SD / MI and SMP / MTs). This supports curriculum standardseducationIPS
(NCSS, 1994): Social studies education is powerful if it has five character-
istics, namely: (a) meaningful; (b) integrated; (c) value-based); (d) chal-
lenges and (e) active.
The values of the Guru Sekumpul commemoration cooperation
concerning the objectives of social studies education above is that of
discussing human interaction. The interaction that is built in the haul breeds
cooperation attitude in which looks the attitude of cooperation, mutual help,
solidarity, and kinship. The Teacher's Haul Sekumpul since 2006 (the first
haul) until 2018 (the 13th haul) has been carried out with values for the
development of social studies education materials.
V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

The implementation of the 13th commemoration in 2018 was at-
tended by pilgrims from South Kalimantan, various regions of Indonesia,
Indonesia and abroad. In 2018 Indonesian President Joko Widodo was
attended. The pilgrims who are increasing every year describe the love of
the community for the Sekumpul teacher as a longing for a model leader.
A month before the event, the Martapura community worked to-
gether to clean the environment, such as drainage, mowing the lawn, pre-
paring the parking lot, and decorating the environment. This is to welcome
pilgrims who come using buses, minibusses, and two wheels. For pil-
grims, lodging is provided because the haul is held for two days. Congre-
gations that are not accommodated in some hotels, inns, guesthouses,
and guest houses are provided free lodging in Martapura and Banjarbaru,
for example in the Sekumpul Market, Demang Lehman Stadium, mosques,
and people's homes. The Jemaah Inn is equipped with Cable TV to moni-
tor various events at Ar Raudah Mosque as a haul memorial center.
The values of cooperation on the Commemoration of the haul are
divided into the values of cooperation and mutual assistance; solidarity
values; and family values. The values of cooperation and mutual assis-
tance for the Banjar Martapura community when the community and agen-
cies work together to succeed in the commemoration of the Teacher's
Gathering. Banjar District Police, Banjarbaru City, Tanah Laut District, and
South Kalimantan Regional Police; Department of Transportation; Public
health Office; Environmental services; Sanitary agency; PLN, TELKOMSEL,
DAMKAR, and so on. The values of solidarity are seen in the establish-
ment of public kitchens, free stalls, and the willingness of the community
to clean and decorate their environment. Family values can be seen from
its willingness to accommodate pilgrims for 2-3 days; prepare parking lots
and help parkers,
For the Department of Education to make regulations in the form of stipula-
tions on optimizing the use of cultural values and local wisdom of the
Banjar community in South Kalimantan to be developed in the curriculum
of each subject at every level, particularly the values of cooperation in the
commemoration of the Sekul Teacher gathering for social studies sub-
jects in schools at the basic education level (SD / MI and SMP / MTs).

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Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin; Mutiani; Putra, Muhammad
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Life of Islamic Boarding School Students as a Model of Reinforcing
the Eroded Nationalism. International Journal of Psychosocial
Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 10, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192 Received:
18 Mar 2020 | Revised: 09 Apr 2020 | Accepted: 20 May 2020 2949.
Mutiani, Julia Armiyanti Lestari, Jumriani, Nina Permatasari, Syaharuddin,
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. Study on Economic Values Through
The Activities of The Manager in Kampung Purun, Palam Village
Banjarbaru. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol.
24, Issue 04, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192. Received: 15 Jan 2020 |
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International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue
04, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192. Received: 03 Dec 2019 | Revised: 21
Jan 2020 | Accepted: 18 Feb 2020.
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Living In the Bank of River Area in Banjarmasin City. International
Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 08, 2020 ISSN:
1475-7192 Received: 18 Apr 2020 | Revised: 09 May 2020 |
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PENULIS
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas dosen pada FKIP ULM

Banjarmasin. Lahir di Muaralabuh, Solok Selatan, 7 Juni
1956. Profesor Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM Banjarmasin
meraih Doktor Pendidikan IPS UPI Bandung (2013),
Magister Pengembangan Kurikulum IKIP Bandung
(1995), Sarjana Pendidikan (Sejarah) IKIP Yogyakarta
(1980), Sarjana Muda Pendidikan Sejarah IKIP Padang (1978). Tamatan
PGAN 6 Tahun Padang, PGAN 4 Tahun Muaralabuh dan SDN 1 Muaralabuh.
Pernah kuliah di rogram Khusus Filsafat UGM (1982), dan alumnus Pendidikan
(Kursus) Teori, Metodologi dan Aplikasi Antropologi UGM (1993).
Tulisannya dimuat beberapa jurnal, dan atau, dipresentasikan pada
berbagai seminar, di dalam dan di luar negeri. Mengikuti seminar atau konferensi
luar, misalnya: 5th UPSI-UPI Conference on Education, Selangor Malaysia (2012),
20th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development,
Prague, 27-28 April 2017, International Conference and Global Forum on
Multidisciplinary Research towards Social Value Creation (ICMRES), 29-30 Oktober
2018, Melbourne, Australia, 33rd IBIMA Conference will be held in Granada,
Spain 10-11 April, 2019, ADVED 2019- 5th International Conference on Advances
in Education and Social Sciences, 21-23 October 2019- Istanbul, Turkey, dan
35rd IBIMA Conference will be held in Seville, Spain, 2020. Mengikuti berbagai
pelatihan seperti Workshop of Teacher Educators for Preparing Education in
Society 5.0. held in University of Tsukuba, Japan, July 2nd-5th, 2019.
Untuk mendukung dan mengembangkan keprofesionalannya,
Presiden Lembaga Pengkajian Kebudayaan dan Pembangunan Kalimantan
(LPKPK), Lembaga Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Kalimantan
Selatan (LPPPKS), dan Pusat Studi Sejarah dan Nilai Budaya Kalimantan Selatan
(PSNBKS), mengikuti berbagai seminar dan workhsop berbagai bidang.
Penulis
179
Ersis melakukan kerja sama penelitian dengan Asia Foundation,
PT Djarum Kudus, Pita Maha Group Bali, Pemerintah Kabupaten,
Pemerintah Kota dan Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dan berbagai
instansi lainnya.
Ratusan tulisannya dimuat berbagai media cetak, antara lain HU
Kompas, Sinar Harapan, Suara Pembaharuan, Kedaulatan Rakyat, Berita
Nasional, Jayakarta, Pelita, Bandung Pos, Haluan, Radar Banjarmasin,
Dinamika Berita, Banjarmasin Pos, Bandjarbaroe Post, Sinar Kalimantan
dan media cetak lainnya.
Pemimpin Umum Bandjarbaroe Post dan majalah GAGAH
mengusung prinsip: Tulis apa yang ada di pikiran bukan memikirkan apa
yang akan ditulis. Tulis apa yang hendak ditulis, pasti jadi tulisan. Publikasi
harian tulisannya dapat diikuti melalui facebook Ersis Warmansyah Abbas.
Sebagai penyaluran kehendak menulis dan memotivasi berbagai
kalangan untuk menulis, Ersis mendirikan dan mengembangkan Gerakan
Persahabatan Menulis (GPM) berbasis dunia maya yang cabang daratnya
berkembang di kota-kota Indonesia dengan pelibat di Singapura, Taiwan,
Hongkong, Mesir, dan berbagai negara lainnya. GPM wilayah melakukan
kegiatan menulis dan telah menerbitkan puluhan buku dan untuk itulah
sering bepergian ke berbagai kota dalam lakon sharing menulis atau
pelatihan menulis.
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas menerbitkan beragam buku dengan
berbagai tema baik sebagai penulis atau penyunting, atau penulis dan
penyunting bersama:
ARTIKEL
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin; Mutiani; Putra, Muhammad
Adhitya Hidayat; Jumriani; Handy, Muhammad Rezky Noor. The
Life of Islamic Boarding School Students as a Model of Reinforcing
the Eroded Nationalism. International Journal of Psychosocial
Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 10, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192 Received:
18 Mar 2020 | Revised: 09 Apr 2020 | Accepted: 20 May 2020 2949.
Penulis
180
Sukawati T. G. R.; Riana I. G.; Rajiani I.; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah.
“Managing Corporate Sustainability by Revitalizing Balinese Cultural
Identity. Polish Journal of Management Studies, Volume 21, 2020.
I Gede Riana; I Nengah Aristana; I Gede Rihayana; N L P Wiagustini; Ersis
Warmansyah Abbas. High Performance Work System in Moderating
Entrepreneurial Leadership, Employee Creativity, and Knowledge
Sharing. Polish Journal of Management Studies, Volume 21, 2020.
Mutiani, Julia Armiyanti Lestari, Jumriani, Nina Permatasari, Syaharuddin, Ersis
Warmansyah Abbas. STUDY ON ECONOMIC VALUES THROUGH
THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MANAGER IN KAMPUNG PURUN, PALAM
VILLAGE-BANJARBARU. International Journal of Psychosocial
Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 04, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192. Received:
15 Jan 2020 | Revised: 5 Feb 2020| Accepted: 30 Mar 2020.
Mutiani Mutiani; Ersis Warmansyah Abbas; Syaharuddin Syaharuddin; Heri
Susanto. (2020). Membangun Komunitas Belajar Melalui Lesson
Study Model Transcript Based Learning Analysis (TBLA) dalam
Pembelajaran Sejarah. Naskah diterima: 26 Februari 2020, Naskah
direvisi: 20 April 2020, Naskah disetujui: 30 April 2020. HISTORIA:
Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 3 (2). 2020. 113-122, DOI:
https: //doi.org/10.17509/historia.v3i2.23440’
Syaharuddin, Mutiani, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Jumriani, Muhammad
Adhitya Hidayat Putra, Muhammad Rezky Noor Handy. (2020).
Mutual Cooperation Values Enhancement during the
Commemoration of the Late Eminent Ulema of South Kalimantan.
International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue
04, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192. Received: 03 Dec 2019 | Revised: 21
Jan 2020 | Accepted: 18 Feb 2020.
Jumadi; Nasrullah; Syaharuddin; Mutiani; Jumriani; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyahh.
(2020). Competency of Critical Literation ff Students Living In the Bank
of River Area in Banjarmasin City. International Journal of Psychosocial
Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 08, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192 Received: 18
Apr 2020 | Revised: 09 May 2020 | Accepted: 02 Jun 2020 15239.
Penulis
181
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2020. Menulis di Era Covid-19: Memanage
Trauma Psikologis Menghindari Psikosomatis. Makalah Pelatihan
Menulis Mahasiswa Program Studi Psikologi Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat 13 Juni 2020 08.00-10.00 WIB.
Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2020. Menulis Kenangan Menulis Buku
Bersama. Makalah Sharing Menulis IKatan Keluarga Sejarah 8 Juni
2020, 09.00-11.00 Witeng. Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP
ULM Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2020. Menulis Artikel Jurnal. Makalah Diskusi
Menulis Artikel ILmiah 6 Juni 2020, 09.00-11.00 Witeng. Program
Studi Pengetahuan Sosial FKIP ULM Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2020. Menulis di Otak dan Menuliskan Tulisan
di Otak. Makalah Pelatihan Menulis Mahasiswa Pembelajaran Era
Covid-19: Pembelajaran Daring 29 Mei dan 5 Juni 2020, 09.00-
11.00 Witeng. Program Studi Pengetahuan Sosial FKIP ULM
Banjarmasin. http://eprints.ulm.ac.id/9145.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Handy, Muhammad Rezky Noor; Saleh, Rizky
M.; Hadi, Noorya Tasya Febrylia Witari. (2020). Ecotourism of
Martapura River Banjarmasin as a Learning Resources on Social
Studies. The Innovation of Social Studies Journal. Vol 1, No 2 (2020).
https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/iis/article/view/2024/1713.
Lestari, Julia Armiyanti; Abbas, Warmansyah Abbas; Mutiani, Mutiani (2020).
Production Activities of Kampung Purun Banjarbaru as a Learning
Resource on Social Studies. The Innovation of Social Studies
Journal. Vol 1, No 2 (2020). https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/
index.php/iis/article/view/2091.
Noerkhalishah, Noerkhalishah; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Permatasari,
Melly Agustina. (2020). Utilization of Tourism Education Packages
in Amanah Borneo Park as a Learning Resources on Social
Studies. The Innovation of Social Studies Journal. Vol 1, No 2 (2020).
https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/iis/article/view/2093.
Penulis
182
Wahyuningsih, Sri; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Mutiani, Mutiani. (2020).
Implementation of Leadership Value of Rudy Resnawan as a
Learning Resources on Social Studies. The Innovation of Social
Studies Journal. Vol 1, No 2 (2020). https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/
Winarinda Ainun Janah, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Mutiani, Mutiani. (2020).
Contribution of Leadership Value of Nadjmi Adhani as a Learning
Resources on Social Studies. The Innovation of Social Studies
Journal. Vol 1, No 2 (2020). https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Menulis di Otak dan Menuliskan Tulisan
di Otak. Banjarmasin: Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM.
Abbas, Warmansyah Abbas; Sutarto Hadi; Rajiani, Ismi. (2020). Organizational
Commitment of Public Sector Employers: Loyality and Neglect as
an Alternative Model of Response to Organizational Cultures.
Proceedings of IBIMA 2020: 35th International Business Information
Management Association Conference: 1-2 April 2020, Seville, Spain.
Anis, Mohamad Zaenal Arifin; Putro, Herry Porda Nugroho; Abbas, Ersis
Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang; Rajiani, Ismi. (2020). Through
Historical Thinking Learning Model (MPBH). Proceedings of IBIMA
2020: 35th International Business Information Management
Association Conference: 1-2 April 2020, Seville, Spain.
Kumalawati, Rosalina; Murliawan, Karnanto H.; Yuliarti, Astinana; Rajiani,
Ismi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Disarter Community to
Support Mitigation Wetland Fire in the Future. Proceedings of IBIMA
Mansur, Hamsi; Warni, Herita; Rajiani, Ismi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020).
Teacher Competence in Implementing Technology, Pedagogic,
Content, and Knowledge (TPACK) in Learning of Industrial Revolution
4.0. Proceedings of IBIMA 2020: 35th International Business Information
Penulis
183
Mansur, Hamsi; Warni, Herita; Rajiani, Ismi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020).
Government Enggagement in Adressing the Potential of Trade in Indonesia.
Proceedings of IBIMA 2020: 35th International Business Information
Syaharuddin; Bambang, Subiyakto; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Rajiani,
Ismi. (2020). Commeration Day in the locing Memory of Famaous
Ulema as a model of enchanging Slolidarity. Proceedings of IBIMA
Warni, Herita; Rajiani, Ismi; Mansyur, Hamsi; Arifin, Ramadhana; Abbas, Ersis
Warmansyah. (2020). Between Hope and Reality: Curriculum 13 (K-
13) Implementation in Techers’s Ability to Develop Learning in the Era
4.0. Proceedings of IBIMA 2020: 35th International Business Information
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Hadi, Sutarto; & Rajiani, Ismi. (2019). “Guru
Sekumpul” as the Prophetical Model of Entrepreneurship Education
from Islamic Perspective. Proceedings of ADVED 2019- 5th
International Conference on Advances in Education and Social
Sciences 21-23 October 2019- Istanbul, Turkey.
Rajiani, Ismi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2019). The Value in Banjarese
Culture through the Thought of a Prominent Ulema as a Model of
Developing Entrepreneurship Based Religion. Proceedings of
IBIMA 2020: 33th International Business Information Management
Association Conference: 10-11 April 2019, Granada, Spain.
Sarbaini; Jumadi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Rjiani, Ismi. (2019). Managing
E-learning in Public Universities by Investigating the Role of Culture.
Polish Journal of Management Studies 2019; 20 (1): 394-404.
Syaharuddin; Ismi, Rajiani; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto,
Bambang. (2019). Strengthening The Social Solidarity Values
Through The Commemoration of Leading Ulama. Proceedings of
ADVED 2019- 5th International Conference on Advances in Education
and Social Sciences, 21-23 October 2019- Istanbul, Turkey.
Penulis
184
Baèík, R., Fedorko, R., Abbas, E. W., Rigelský, M., Ivanková, V., &
Obšatníková, K. (2019). The impact of selected quality management
attributes on the profitability of top hotels in the Visegrad Group
countries. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 19.
Nasih, M.; Abbas, E. W., & Syaharuddin, S. (2019). Nilai-Nilai Haul Guru
Sekumpul Sebagai Sumber Belajar IPS. Jurnal Socius, 8(2).
Harlie, Muhammad, Hairul; Rajiani, Ismi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah.
Managing information systems by integrating information systems
success model and the unified theory of acceptance and usage
of technology. Polish Journal of Management Studies. 2019 | Vol.
20, No. 1 | 192—201.
Norhayati, N.; Abbas, E. W., & Putra, M. A. H. (2019). Social Interaction
Pattern Jelai Riverbanks South Basirih. The Innovation of Social
Studies Journal, 1(1), 12-20.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Winarso, H. P.; Meilina, N. (2019). Religious
Activities at Sultan Suriansyah Mosque, Banjarmasin. The Innovation
of Social Studies Journal, 1(1), 55-64.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Hadi, Sutarto; dan Rajiani, Ismi. (2018). The
Prospectif Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing Particular
Personality Traits. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). The Prospective Innovator in Public
University by Scrutinizing Particular Personality Traits. Polish Journal
of Management Studies, Vol. 18, No. 1, page 9-19. Faculty of
Management, Czestochowa University of Technology.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Sejarah
Lokal di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Banjarmasin. Prosiding
Penguatan Pendidikan IPS di Tengah Isu-Isu Global, page. 335-
356. Banjarmasin: Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM.
Rahmah, E., & Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Pembelajaran Sejarah
Berbasis Sejarah Lokal di Seklah Menengah Atas (Studi di MAN 3
Banjarmasin). Prabayaksa: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah; Volume 1,
No. 1; Maret 2018; p-ISSN 2354-7332
Penulis
185
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Social Life of Santri in the Bank of
Martapura River as the Learning Sources of Social Science
Studies. Proceedings of International Conference and Global Forum
on Multidisciplinary Research towards Social Value Creation, page.
10. Bandung: Yayasan Sinergi Riset dan Edukasi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah, Mutiani, DS Nugraha. (2018). Social Values in
Zainal Ilmi Biography as Learning Source of Social Studies.
Proceedings of International Seminar Social Studies and History
Education, page. 474-490. Bandung: SPs Program Studi
Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Universitas Pendidikan
Indonesia.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Building 21st Century Skills Based on
Local Wisdom for Social Studies. Proceedings of International
Seminar Social Studies and History Education. Bandung: SPs
Program Studi Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Universitas
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). “Penguatan Pendidikan IPS Di Tengah
Isu-Isu Global.” Dalam Prosiding Seminar 2018. Program Studi
Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM Banjarmasin dan Perkumpulan Program
Studi Pendidikan IPS Indonesia (APRISI).
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Kehidupan Sungai Masyarakat Kuin Kota
Banjarmasin. Prosiding Penguatan Pendidikan IPS di Tengah Isu-
Isu Global, h. 357-360. Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan
IPS FKIP ULM Banjarmasin dan Perkumplan Program Studi
Pendidikan IPS Indonesia (APRISI).
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Rajiani, Ismi. (2017). A New Creative Model of
Da’wah as a Medium of Economic Development in Indonesia.
Proceedings of 20th International Scientific Conference on Economic
and Social Development, Vol. 20, p. 1849-7535. Prague: Varazdin
Development and Entrepreneurship Agency in cooperation with City
of Prague University North Croatia and Faculty of Management
University of Warsaw Poland. Prague Prague, 27-28 April 2017.
Penulis
186
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2017). P.M. Noor’s Dedication as Resource
for Teaching and Learning of Social Studies. Prosiding Konvensyen
Kebangsaan Sekolah Kluster Kecermelangan, p. 276-285. Malaysia:
Bahagian Pengurusan Sekolah Berasrama Penuh dan Sekolah
Kecemerlangan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2017). Prophetic Education of Guru Sekumpul
for Social Studies Education. Proceedings of the 1st International
Conference on Social Sciences Education, Vol. 147, page. 102-
105. Banjarmasin: Jurusan Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM.
Abbas, E. W. (2017). Prophetic Education of Guru Sekumpul for Social
Studies Education. In 1st International Conference on Social
Sciences Education-” Multicultural Transformation in Education,
Social Sciences and Wetland Environment” (ICSSE 2017) , Vol. 147,
page. 102-105. Atlantis Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Membangun Nasionalisme melalui
Pembelajaran Sejarah: Kajian Materi Muatan (Sejarah) Lokal
“Musyawaraatutthalibin” di Kalimantan Selatan. Prosiding Seminar
Nasional dan Kongres APPS, h. 354-365. Medan: Jurusan
Pendidikan Sejarah FIS UNIMED.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Upaya Praksis Pembelajaran untuk
Penanaman Jiwa Nasionalisme Pada Setiap Warga Negara Indonesia.
Proceedings of International Seminar: Building Education Based on
Nastionalism Values, page. 277-286. Banjarmasin: FKIP ULM.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015) Metode Guru Sekumpul Sebagai Inovasi
Pembelajaran IPS Berbasis Budaya Lokal. In: KONASPIPSI III
“Tantangan IPS/IIS Dalam Dinamika Sosial Budaya”, 11-12 Agustus
2015, Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Universitas
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Etnopedagogi: Pendidikan Berbasis
Kearifan Lokal. The Proceedings of International Seminar on
Ethnopedagogy, p. 163-176. Bandung: FKIP_Unlam Press
Bekerjasama dengan Penerbit Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Penulis
187
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2015. Metode Guru Sekumpul Sebagai Inovasi
Pembelajaran IPS Berbasis Budaya Lokal. Prosiding KONASPIPSI
III, h. 92-104. Bandung: FPIPS Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Nilai-Nilai Kebangsaan Proklamasi 17
Mei 1949 dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah. 2015. Proceedings
International Conference of Contributing History for Social Science
and Humanities, p. 199-212. Malang: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial UM.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2014). Berpikir Historis dan Pendekatan Saitifik
dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional
Pembelajaran Sejarah di Tengah Perubahan, h. 78-84. Malang:
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Malang.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2014). Biografi Profetik Guru Sekumpul:
Transformasi Nilai-Nilai Budaya Banjar dalam Pendidikan Karakter.
Proceedings of International Seminar on Character Education, p.
363-380. Bandung: FKIP_Unlam Press Bekerjasama dengan
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Pembaharuan Pendidikan IPS dengan
Mengadopsi Ajaran dan Metode Guru Sekumpul. Prosiding Seminar
Nasional Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 dan Aktualisasi Pendidikan
Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial: Banjarmasin: Himpunan Sarjana
Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia Bekerjasama dengan
Jurusan Pendidikan IPS FKIP ULM.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Masyarakat dan Kebudayaan Banjar
Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial;
Transformasi Nilai-nilai Budaya Banjar Melalui Ajaran dan Metode
Guru Sekumpul. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah, & Al Muchtar, S. (2013). Transformasi Nilai Nilai
Budaya Banjar Melalui Ajaran dan Metode Guru
Sekumpul. Integritas, 422.
Abbas, E. W. (2013). Kurikulum 2013: Mengembalikan PIPS Ke-Hittah-
Nya. Mewacanakan Pendidikan IPS, 21.
Penulis
188
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2012. Inovasi Pembelajaran ELEWA: E-Learing
Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Inovasi
Pembelajaran Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Efektivitas
Pembelajaran IPS, h. 125-138. Bandung: Program Studi
Pendidikan IPS FPIPS UPI.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. Transformasi Nilai-Nilai Budaya Banjar Melalui
Ajaran dan Metode Guru Sekumpul. Integritas: Jurnal Penelitian
Pendidikan Karakter, Vol. 1, No. 2. Bandung: Universitas Pendidikan
Indonesia.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1913). Nilai-Nilai Budaya Banjar Sebagai
Sumber Pembelajaran IPS (Transformasi Nilai-Nilai Budaya Banjar
Melalui Ajaran dan Metode Guru Sekumpul).
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah., & Rajiani, Ismi. Social Life of Santri in the
Bank of Martapur River as the Learning Sources of Social Science
Studies.
BUKU
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Rajiani, Ismi. (2020). High Impack Publishing:
Collaboration and Small Group Mentoring. Banjarmasin: Program
Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Menulis Artikel Jurnal Internasional.
Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Menulis Artikel Jurnal Internasional.
Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Ersis Writing Theory: Cara Mudah
Menulis. Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Menulis Mudah Ala Ersis Writing Theory.
Lambung Mangkurat.
Penulis
189
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2020). Pidato Pengukuhan Lima Guru Besar
ULM. Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat. http://eprints.ulm.ac.id/9599/.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Micky Hidayat. (2020). Meratus Nyanyian

Rindu Anak Banua. Cetakan II Juni 2020. Serang: Kandaka Public
Initiative.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2019). Subiyakto, Bambang; Abbas, Ersis

Warmansyah; Anis, Mohamad Zaenal Arifin; Noor, Yusliani;
Syaharuddin; Mansyur; Wajidi; Sirpan. Pangeran Hidayatullah:
Perjuangan Mangkubumi Kesultanan Banjarmasin. Banjarmasin.
Balitbangda Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.
Zulkifli; Ansori, Hidayah; Matnuh, Harpani; Winarti, Atiek; Kusasi, Zakiah
Agus; Mansyur, Hamsi; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Muth’im, Abdul;
Novitawati; Hamid, Abdul (2019). Pedoman Penulisan Karya
Ilmiah. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2019). Subiyakto, Bambang; Abbas, Ersis
Warmansyah (editor). Syaharuddin; Mutiani. (Penulis). Strategy
Pembelajaran IPS; Konsep dan Aplikasi. Banjarmasin: Pendidikan
IPS FKIP ULM.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah: Micky Hidayat. (2019). Meratus Nyanyian Rindu
Anak Banua. Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan IPS
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2019). Pendidikan Profetik Guru Sekumpul.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Menulis Ala Ersis Writing Theory. 2018.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Penguatan Pendidikan IPS di Tengah
Isu-Isu Global. Ketua Penyunting. 2018. Bandung: Wahana Jaya
Abadi.
Penulis
190
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2018). Pengantar: Antragama EWA Abbas dan
Raya Jagadita. A.n. atas nama. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. (2018). Prolog: Iberamsyah Barbary.
Riung Negeri Banjar. Jakarta: Kosakatakita.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas; dalam Asrizal Nur (Editor). (2018).
Marhaban Ya Ramadhan. Antologi Puisi 101 Penyair Nusantara.
Depok: Perkumpulan Rumah Seni Asnur.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas. (2018). Penulis Antologi Puisi
Kebangsaan dalam Asrizal Nur dan Sugat Ibnu Ali: Celoteh di Bawah
Bendera. Depok: Perkumpulan Rumah Seni Asnur.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2017). Mahkamah Tak Berbias. Kumpulan Cerita
Pendek. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah, dalam Kemala & Ilya Kablam. (2017). Seminar
Internasional Sastera Melayu Islam. Antologi Puisi & Kerja Kerja.
Numera. Kuala Lumpur: Sastera Enterprose.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Ethnppedagogy. Penyunting. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Pendidikan Sejarah, Patriotisme &
Karakter Bangsa: Malaysia-Indonesia. Penyunting. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Building Education Based on Nationalism
Values. Book I. Penyunting. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan
FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Building Education Based on Nationalism
Values. Book II. Penyunting. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan
FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Mengatasi Kesulitan Menulis. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Guru Sekumpul: Bacaan Pengantar.
Penulis
191
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis di Otak. Bandung: Wahana
Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Menuliskan Diri. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Mengasyikkan. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Membangun Midset. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Menjinakkan Kegagalan.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Menghancurkan Belenggu.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Menulis Enjoy Enjoy Sajalah. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Penulis bersama. Analisis Konteks
Pengetahuan Tradisional dan Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional Berbasis
Muatan Lokal di Kalimantan Selatan. In: “Direktorat Kepercayaan
Terhadap Tuhan YME dan Tradisi Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia”.
“Direktorat Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan YME dan Tradisi Direktorat
Jenderal Kebudayaan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan
Republik Indonesia”.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2015). Pendidikan IPS Berbasis Kearifan Lokal.
Penyunting. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2014). Pendidikan Karakter. Penyunting.
Bandung: Niaga Sarana Mandiri dan FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2014). Building Nation Character Through
Education. Penyunting. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi dan FKIP-
Unlam Press.
Penulis
192
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Mewacanakan Pendidikan IPS.
Penyunting. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi, dan FKIP-Unlam Press.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Sabar, Ikhlas, dan Bersyukur: Melejitkan
Potensi Diri. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Menulis Mudah Memudahkan Menulis.
Bandung: Wahana Jaya
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2013). Indonesia Menulis: Perjalanan Spiritual.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Suer, Menulis Itu Mudah. Jakarta: Elex
Media Komputindo, KK Gramedia.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Percaya Ngak Percaya, Menulis Itu
Mudah. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Mudah Menulis Memudahkan
Menerbitkan Buku. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Menulis Menyenangkan. Bandung:
Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Deru Awang-Awang. Bandung: Wahana
Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Senyawa Kata Kita. Antologi Puisi
Bersama. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Astagfirullah. Antologi Cerpen Bersama.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Bogor Kasohor. Antologi Puisi Bersama.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2012). Cinta Pertama: Kisah-Kisah Cinta
Berhikmah. Bandung: Wahana Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2011) ‘Jatuh Cinta’ Menulis. Bandung: Wahana
Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2011). Indonesia Menulis. Bandung: Wahana
Jaya Abadi.
Penulis
193
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2011). Menjaring Cakrawala. Bandung: Wahana
Jaya Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2011). Zikir Rindu. Bandung: Wahana Jaya
Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2011). Masa Kecil Yang Tak Terlupakan.
Bersama, Prolog. Malang: Bintang Sejahtera.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; dalam Rampan, Korrie Layun. (2011).
Kalimantan dalam Prosa Indonesia. Samarinda: Panitia Dialog
Borneo-Kalimantan XI dengan Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Kalimantan
Timur.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah dalam Hamid, Hadi Abdul. (2011). “Katarsis”
Bercinta di Hati Tuhan. Endorcement Halaman 101. Yogyakarta:
Indie Boook Corner.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2010). ASAP. Novel. Bandung: Wahana Jaya
Abadi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2010). PDAM Bandarmasih: Primadona Kota
Air. Bandung: Rekayasa Sains.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2010). Sejarah Kotabaru. Bandung: Rekayasa
Sains.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2010). Rudy Resnawan: Untukmu Banjarbaru.
Bandung: Rekayasa Sains.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2009). Menulis Tanpa Berguru. Yogyakarta:
Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2009) Menulis Membangun Peradaban.
Yogyakarta: Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2008). Menulis dengan Gembira. Yogyakarta:
Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2008). Menulis Berbunga-Bunga. Yogyakarta:
Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2008).Virus Menulis Zikir Menulis. Yogyakarta:
Gama Media.
Penulis
194
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2008). Menulis Mudah: Dari Babu Sampai Pak
Dosen. Yogyakarta: Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2007). Menulis Sangat Mudah. Yogyakarta:
Mata Khatulistiwa.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2007). Menulis Mari Menulis. Yogyakarta: Mata
Khatulistiwa.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Surat Buat Kekasih, Antologi Puisi.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Garunum. Antologi Puisi Bersama.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Taman Banjarbaru. Antologi Puisi
Bersama. Yogyakarta: Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Palimbaian dalam Hamami Adaby.
Kaduluran. Antologi Puisi. Yogyakarta: Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Kolaborasi Nusantara. Antologi Puisi
Bersama. Yogyakarta: Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Tajuk Bunga. Antologi Puisi Bersama.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2006). Pengantar Penyunting Kumpuan Cerpen
Jamal T. Suryanata: Bulan di Pucuk Cemara. Yogyakarta: Gama
Media
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2005). Menggugat Kepedulian Pendidikan
Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarbaru: LPKPK.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2005). Nyaman Memahami ESQ. Yogyakarta:
Gama Media.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah dan Sutarto Hadi. (2004). Menguak Atmosfir
Akademik. Penyunting bersama Sutarto Hadi. Banjarmasin: FKIP
Unlam.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Adaby, Hamami; Indradi, Arsyad; Resnawan,
Rudy; Pahuluan, Dewa. (2005). Garunum. Antuligi Puisi Basa Banjar.
Banjarbaru: LPKPK.
Penulis
195
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2003). Buku Kenangan Purna Tugas M.P.
Lambut. (Editor Bersama). Banjarmasin: FKIP Unlam.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2002). Banjarbaru. Banjarbaru: Pemko
Banjarbaru dan LPKPK.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2002). Data Dasar Banjarbaru: Banjarbaru
Menuju Metropolitan. Banjarbaru Pemko Banjarbaru dan LPKPK.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2000). Perjuangan Rakyat Kabupaten Banjar
dalam Revolusi Fisik 1945-1949. Martapura: Pemkab Banjar dan
LPKPK.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2000). Tanah Laut: Sejarah dan Potensi.
Pelaihari: Pemkab Tanah Laut dan LPKPK.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1998). Pembangunan Kalimantan. Penyunting
tulisan Ismet Ahmad. Banjarmasin: EWA Book Company.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1988). Pemuda dan Kepahlawanan. Bandung:
Materpamur Agency.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1997). Memahami Sejarah. Banjarmasin: EWA
Book Company.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1996). Bab-Bab Antropologi. Penyunting tulisan
Fudiat Suryadikara. Banjarmasin: EWA Book Company.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1994). Hubungan Antara Penampilan Kerja
Guru Dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Bidang Studi PMP di SMA
Negeri Kotamadya Banjarmasin. Tesis. Bandung: PPs IKIP
Bandung.
PENELITIAN DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT

Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Putra, Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat; Handy,
Muhammad Rezky Noor. (2019). Pemanfaatan Ekowisata Sungai
Martapura Kota Banjarmasin Sebagai Sumber Belajar IPS. Penelitian.
FKIP Program Studi Pendidikan IPS Universitas Lambung
Mangkurat.
Penulis
196
Mutiani; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin; Heri Susanto. (2019).
Penerapan Transcript Based Lesson Analyses (TBLA) Sebagai Upaya
Peningkatan Pembelajaran Sejarah Di SMA Negeri 7 Banjarmasin.
Banjarmasin: Laporan Penelitian.
Syaharuddin, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Bambang Subiyakto, Mutiani
Mutiani. 2019. Penyuluhan dan Pencegahan Bahaya Penyalahgunaan
Narkoba pada Remaja di Kelurahan Basirih Selatan Kota
Banjarmasin. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Program Studi
Pendidikan IPS, FKIP Ulam Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. 2018. Pemantapan Pemahaman Wajib Belajar
12 Tahun Melalui Pendampingan Pendidikan di Sekolah Bawang
Banjarmasin.
Syaharuddin, Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang, Winarso,
Heru Puji; Permatasari, Melly; Agustina; Olfah, Rasydah;
Rusli (2018) Motivasi Belajar Anak Jalanan (Studi Kasus pada Anak
Jalanan yang Bersekolah di SD Mawar 2 Banjarmasin).
Abbas, Ersis Warmasyah., Subiyakto, B., Mutiani, M., Jamaluddin, J., &
Syahrin, M. A. (2017). Kehidupan Sosial Santri Di Bantaran Sungai
Kota Martapura Sebagai Sumber Belajar IPS. Program Studi
Pendidikan IPS FKIP Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2016). Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Biografi Prof.
Kustan Basri Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Pendidikan
IPS. Program Studi Pendidikan IPS, FKIP Universitas Lambung
Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin. (2015). Pendekatan Saintifik
Dalam Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 (Studi pada SD Negeri Indrasari
Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Penelitian. Program Studi Pendidikan
Sejarah, FKIP Ulam Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Susanto, Heri. (2015). Penyuluhan Implementasi
Kurikulum 2013 di SMPN 8 Martapura Kabupaten Banjar.
Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Program Studi Pendidikan
Sejarah, FKIP Unlam Banjarmasin.
Penulis
197
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin; Mahmudah; Permatasari, M. A.;
Mutiani; Saidinor, Budiati, Ayu; Hasanaini. (2015). Workshop
Pengembangan Strategi Pembelajaran IPS SMP/MTS Pada Kurkulum
2013 di Kota Banjarbaru. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Program
Studi Pendidikan IPS, FKIP Unlam Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Permatasari, M. A.; Mutiani; Saidinor, S;
Budiyanti, A; Hassanaini, H. (2015). Implementasi Model Kooperatif
dalam Pembelajaran IPS untuk meningkatkan Pengetahuan
Kesadaran Lingkungan Peserta Didik (Studi pada SMP Negeri 6
Banjarmasin). Program Studi Pendidikan IPS FKIP Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat.
Permatasari, M. A.; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Syaharuddin; Mahmudah;
Mutiani; Ramadhana, H.F.; Al-Jupri, Syarifah Alpiah; Hasmah, Nur.
(2015). Pengembangan Materi Ajar IPS SMP/MTS Kurikulum 2013
Pada Guru IPS Se-Kabupaten Banjar. Pengabdian Kepada
Masyarakat. Program Studi Pendidikan IPS, FKIP Unlam
Banjarmasin.
Permatasari, M. A.; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Mutiani; Saidinor, S;
Ramadhana, H. F.; Al Jupri, Syarifah Alpiah; Hasmah, Nur. (2015).
Deskripsi Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Pada Mata {elajaran IPS di
SMP Negeri I Banjarmasin. Penelitian. Program Studi Pendidikan
IPS, FKIP Unlam Banjarmasin.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang; Syaharuddin; Isharyuana,
Yudha, Warnidah, Risna. (2013). Biografi Propetik Guru Sekumpul
(Tranformasi Nilai-Nilai Budaya Banjar dalam Pendidikan Karakter).
Banjarbaru: Lembaga Pengkajian Kebudayaan dan Pembangunan
Kalimantan.
Subroto, Wisnu; Hairiyadi; Anis, M.Z.A.; Subiyakto, Bambang; Abbas, Ersis
Warmansyah Abbas, Rochgiyanti; Noor, Yusliani; Syaharuddin.
(2009). Pelatihan Penulisan Sejarah Lisan. Pengabdian Kepada
Masyarakat. Banjarmasin: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Penulis
198
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (2009). Masa Pendudukan Jepang di Kotabaru.
Penelitian. Banjarmasin: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Subiyakto, Bambang., Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Anis, Mohammad Zainal
Arifin; Hairiyadi; Putro, Hery Porda Nugroho; Noor, Yusliani; Effendi,
Rusdi; Subroto, Wisnu. (2008). Mengenali Tata Lingkungan Air Kota
Banjarmasin dari Perspektif Historis. Pengabdian Kepada
Masyarakat. FKIP Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang. (2008). Banjarbaru
Sebagai Kota Empat Dimensi: Pendidikan, Perindustrian,
Permukiman dan Pemerintahan. Banjarmasin: Fakultas Keguruan
dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang;
Syaharuddin. (2005). Kesiapan Sekolah Tingkat Dasar dan Menengah
dalam Menghadapi Peraturan Daerah (Perda Khatam Al-Qur’an di
Kabupaten Banjar. Banjarmasin: Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah,
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lambung
Mangkura.
Soenarto; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Widayati, Sri, Effendi, Rusdi; Noor,
Yusliani. (1995). Penyuluhan Sejarah Lokal Kalimantan Selatan untuk
Guru-guru Sekolah Dasar Se-Kecamatan Kurau Kabupaten Tanah
Laut Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarmasin: Proyek Operasi dan
Perawatan Fasilitas (OPF) Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Soenarto; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Widayati, Sri, Effendi, Rusdi; Noor,
Yusliani. (1995). Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Sebagai
Media Belajar-Mengajar Bidang Studi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Bagi
Guru-Guru Sekolah Dasar Se-Kecamatan Kurau Kabupaten Tanah
Laut Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarmasin: Proyek Operasi dan
Widayati, Sri; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1993). Sistem Teknologi
Masyarakat Bugis Kotabaru. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Penulis
199
Suryadikara, Fudiat; Abbas, Ersis Warmasyah; Subiyakto, Bambang.
(1993). Studi Tentang Sejarah Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan.
Banjarmasin: Proyek Operasi dan Perawatan Fasilitas (OPF)
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Pusat Penelitian Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat.
Widayati, Sri; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1992). Studi Historis Tentang
Etnik Tamban di Kecamatan Tamban Barito Kuala Kalimantan
Selatan. Banjarmasin: Pusat Penelitian Universitas Lambung
Mangkurat.
Widayati, Sri; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah. (1992). Studi Tentang Sejarah
dan Kebudayaan Masyarakat Desa Purwosari Baru Kecamatan
Tamban Kabuaten Barito Kuala Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarmasin:
Pusat Penelitian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Soenarto; Abbas, Koroh, Alex A.; Taufik, M; Widayati, Sri; Disilia, Mahrani;
; Ersis Warmansyah;. (1991). Penyuluhan Sejarah Lokal Kalimantan
Selatan Untuk Guru-Guru Sekolah Dasar Se-Kecamatan Tamban
Barito Kuala Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarmasin: Proyek Operasi dan
Widayati, Sri; Abbas, Ersis Warmansyah; Subiyakto, Bambang. (1990).
Peranan Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari dalam Islamisasi di
Kerajaan Banjar. Banjarmasin: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu
Pendidikan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Penulis
200

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Ersis Warmansyah Abbas

Penulis : Ersis Warmansyah Abbas

2. Barang siapa dengan sengaja menyiarkan, memamerkan, mengedarkan, atau menjual

Ersis Warmansyah Abbas

PENGANTAR ......................................................................................................................... vii

BAB II Artikel Jurnal Internasional Scopus Q2

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

III. DATA AND METHODOLOGY

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

Conventionally, “Cronbach’s alpha” is used to measure reliability

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Prospective Innovator in Public University by Scrutinizing

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

* A – Rating; B – Personal; C – Location; D – Cleanliness; E – Comfort;

The previous Table 2 shows the p Mardia multivariate normality

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

The Impact of Selected Quality Management Attributes

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

High-Performance Work System in Moderating Entrepreneurial

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

All paths are significant, indicating the acceptance of all hypoth-

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

Managing Information system by Integrating Information Systems Success

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Managing E-Learning in Public Universities by Investigating

Managing E-Learning in Public Universitiesby Investigating

Managing E-Learning in Public Universities by Investigating

Managing E-Learning in Public Universities by Investigating

The results showed that performance expectancy positively influ-

Managing E-Learning in Public Universities by Investigating

Managing E-Learning in Public Universitiesby Investigating

Managing E-Learning in Public Universitiesby Investigating

Managing Corporate Sustainability by Rvitalizing Balinese Cultural Idetity

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Culture influences management practice (Rajiani & Pyplacz, 2018).

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION