Nama Latifah Durrunnullah

Nim 1207060034

Analysis of Chapter 4 (kind of sentence, syntactical function, and kinds of phrases):

 We have inventoried 79 concepts and practices associated with sustainable
agricultural systems in usage (and abusage) nowadays inGold’s reference
compilation (1999).
Kalimat diatas termasuk jenis Simple Sentence. Kata ‘we’ berfungsi sebagai subjek
kalimat. Kata ‘have’ berfungsi sebagai adverb yang memiliki tense present tense. Kata
‘inventoried’ disini sebagai past partisipel. Bagian ‘79 concepts and practices associated
with sustainable agricultural systems’ berfungsi sebagai objek kalimat. Unsur hulunya
adalah ‘79 concepts and practices’. Post modifiernya ialah ‘associated with sustainable
agricultural systems’. ‘in usage (and abusage) nowadays in Gold’s reference compilation
(1999)’ berfungsi sebagai adverb kalimat tersebut dan bentuknya preposisi frasa. Headnya
adalah ‘in’ sementara ‘usage (and abusage) nowadays in Gold’s reference compilation
(1999)’ adalahmodifiernya.
 Eighteen of these concepts and practices not labelled as conventional modern
farming are given tentative definitions.
: Kalimat diatas termasuk jenis Complex Sentence dan simple present tense. Bagian
‘Eighteen of these concepts and practices not labelled’ termasuk kedalam independent
clause. Kata ‘Eighteen’ merupakan headnya. Kata ‘of’ untuk menyatakan jumlah/quantity.
Kata ‘these’ sebagai demonstrative pronoun. Bagian ‘concepts and practices’ merupakan
subjek. Kata ‘not’ mengartikan tidak. Lalu, kata ‘labelled’ disini sebagai past partisipel. Kata
‘as’ menjadi subordinating conjunction. Bagian ‘conventional modern farming are given
tentative definitions’ ialah dependent clause. Kata ‘coventional modern farming’ ialah
objeknya. ‘Are’ sebagai kata nominal. Post midifiernya adalah ‘given tentative definitions’.
 We have analysed these definitions in an attempt to see whythey are misunderstood
by our undergraduates (and, sometimes, even byour colleagues teaching agricultural
subjects).
: Kalimat diatas termasuk jenis Simple Sentence. Kata ‘we’ berfungsi sebagai subjek kalimat.
Kata ‘have’ berfungsi sebagai adverb yang memiliki tense present tense. Kata ‘analysed’
disini sebagai past partisipel. Bagian ‘these definitions’ merupakan objek kalimat. Objek
kalimat dijabarkan pada tanda kurung dibagian akhir ‘(and, sometimes, even byour
colleagues teaching agricultural subjects)’. Adverb kalimatnya ialah ‘in an attempt to see
whythey are misunderstood by our undergraduates’. Headnya adalah ‘in’ sementara ‘an
attempt to see whythey are misunderstood by our undergraduates’ adalahmodifiernya.
 Sustainable agriculture is similar to the type to the type of agriculture that was
practice in the early 1900’s and involved purchasing few inputs and marketing little of
the outputs.
Analysis :
Kalimat diatas termasuk jenis complex sentence, “Sustainable agriculture” adalah head
bentuknya noun phrase. “is similar to the type of the type of agriculture” adalah adverb
bentuknya klausa, kata “is similar” merupakan head dan sisanya merupakan modifier. “that
was practice in the early 1900’s” adalah complement. “and involved purchasing few inputs
and marketing little of the outputs” merupakan verb, bentuknyaklausa. Kata “and”
merupakan preposisi, “involved purchasing” merupakan pre modifier, “few inputs and
marketing” merupakan post modifier dan “little of the outputs” merupakan complement.
 Biological farming is a sytstem of crop production in which the producer tries to
minimize the use of ‘chemicals’ for control of crop pets.
Analysis :
Kalimat diatas termasuk jenis simple sentence, “Biological farming” merupakan head
bentuknya noun phrase. “is a system of crop production” merupakan adverb danjuga
compliment, kata “is a system” merupakan head dan sisanya merupakan modifier. “in which
the producers tries to minimize the use of ‘chemical’ merupakan verb, bentuknya verb
phrase. “in which” adalah preposisi, “the producer” adalah subject, “tries to minimize the use
of ‘chemical’ adalah verb bentuknya verb phrase. “for control of crops pets” adalah
compliment.

 Biointensive gardening or mini-farming is a production system that makes it

possible for one reason to grow all of his or her family’s food using truly sustainable
methods that maintain the fertility of the soil without relying on non-renewable
resources like petrochemicals or imported organic matter.

Analysis :
Kalimat diatas termasuk kedalam complex compound sentence . “Biointensive gardening or
mini farming” merupakan adverb, bentuknya noun phrase berfungsisebagai head. “is a
production system that makes it possible for one reason to grow all of his or her family’ s
food” adalah adverb, bentuknya klausa, kata “is a production system that makes it possible”
adalah adjective phrase dan juga merupakan head. “for one reason to grow all of his or her
family’s food” merupakan compliment danjuga modifier, bentuknya berupa klausa. “using
truly sustainable methods that maintain the fertility of the soil” merupakan verb, bentuknya
verb phrase, kata “using” bentuknya present tense, “truly sustainable methods” adalah head,
“that maintain the fertility of the soil” adalah modifier dan compliment. Kata “without”
merupakan conjunction. Kalimat “relying on non-renewable resources like petrochemicals or
imported organic matter” merupakan adverb, bentuknya adverb phrase. Kalimat “relying on
non-renewable resources” merupakan head dankalimat “like petrochemicals or imported
organic matter” merupakan modifier danjuga compliment.

 Organic farming is a production system which avoids or largely excludes the use of
synthetically compounded fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and livestock feed
additives.
Analysis :
Kalimat diatas termasuk kedalam simple sentence. “Organic farming” merupakan head
bentuknya noun phrase. “is a production system which avoids or largely excludes the use of
synthetically compounded fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and livestock feed
additives” merupakan modifier dan adverb bentuknyaklausa. “is a production system which
avoids” merupakan verb phrase, kata “or” merupakanconjuction , “largerly excludes the use
of synthetically” merupakan adverb phrase dan “compounded fertilizers, pesticides, growth
regulators, and livestock feed additives” merupakan compliment.