1.

Pendahuluan

PEMETAAN POTENSI LIKUIFAKSI DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

Oleh:

Cahyo Agung Saputra

NIM: S942008004

Abstrak

Likuifaksi adalah salah satu dampak akibat terjadinya gempa bumi. likuifaksi adalah
fenomena hilangnya kekuatan lapisan tanah akibat getaran gempa. Efek dari gerakan
gelombang gempa bumi di dalam tanah akan bervariasi dari satu lokasi ke lokasi lainnya.
Rejang lebong merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang berada di Provinsi Bengkulu. Bengkulu
merupakan salah satu Provinsi di pantai barat Pulau Sumatera yang sangat rentan terhadap
gempa karena berada pada jalur seismik aktif. Kerentanan ini memungkinkan turut terjadinya
fenomena likuifaksi ketika gempa terjadi. Berdasarkan Studi Literatur Atlas Zona Likuifaksi
Indonesia (ESDM) yang di publikasikan pada tahun 2019, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong
terutama di area kota Curup termasuk dalam kategori zona kerentanan likuifaksi tinggi,
artinya zona kerentanannya dapat terjadi secara merata dan struktur tanah umumnya menjadi
rusak parah hingga hancur.

Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi likuifaksi di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong

berdasarkan data CPT dan SPT dengan menggunakan metode yang dipublikasikan oleh Seed
dan Alba, Shibata dan Teparaksa . Data hasil penyelidikan geoteknik yang menggambarkan
parameter tahanan tanah, dikumpulkan dari titik uji CPT dan SPT yang tersebar di
Kecamatan Curup. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis ditampilkan dalam bentuk Peta Potensi
Likuifaksi.

Kata Kunci : Likuifaksi, CPT, SPT, Gempa, Peta

2. Tinjauan Pustaka: berdasarkan kata kunci yang harapkan, maka di cari dalam kurang
lebih 1000 jurnal dengan menyadur beberapa kata kunci terkait, maka menghasilkan kata
kunci saling keterkaitan seperti gambar berikut :
 Gambar 1. Keterkaitan hasil penelitian berdasarkan kata kunci yang di input

Kemudian kelompokan jurnal yang di dapatkan dengan mencari metode, variabel, dan
parameter dari penelitian tersebut.

Tabel 1. Novelty
No Nama dan Tahun Topik Lokasi Metode Variabel Parameter
1 Beroya, M A A, Use of microtremor in Philipina The use of Plots of historical liquefaction
2009 liquefaction hazard microtremor liquefaction cases, as hazard mapping
mapping well as borehole data
and resistivity profiles
2 Holzer, T L 2009 Scenario Liquefaction Amerika liquefaction complementary Liquefaction
Hazard Maps of Santa probability cumulative frequency Hazard Maps
Clara Valley, Northern curves distributions of the
California liquefaction potential

3 May, M El, 2009 Liquefaction Ariana laboratory paleoliquefaction, Liquefaction

susceptibility mapping testing geological, susceptibility
using geotechnical groundwater depth, mapping 
laboratory tests seismotectonic

4 Fang, S, 2009 Evaluating based amerika developed for SPT Analysis for
Simplified Method for estimating Probability of
Reliability Analysis the Liquefaction
for Probability of uncertainty of
Liquefaction an empirical
geotechnical
model
5 Bennett, M J, Scenario Liquefaction Amerika liquefaction complementary Liquefaction
2009 Hazard Maps of Santa probability cumulative frequency Hazard Maps
Clara Valley, Northern curves distributions of the
California liquefaction potential

6 Tang, W, 2009 Evaluating Model Amerika developed for SPT Analysis for
Uncertainty of an serikat estimating Probability of
SPT-based Simplified the Liquefaction
Method for Reliability uncertainty of
Analysis for an empirical
Probability of geotechnical
Liquefaction model

7 Kacem, J 2009 Liquefaction Ariana laboratory paleoliquefaction, Liquefaction

susceptibility mapping testing geological, susceptibility
using geotechnical groundwater depth, mapping 
laboratory tests seismotectonic
8 Juang, C 2009 Evaluating Model USA developed for Standar penetration test Analysis for
Uncertainty of an estimating Probability of
SPT-based Simplified the Liquefaction
Method for Reliability uncertainty of
Analysis for an empirical
Probability of geotechnical
Liquefaction model

9 Noce, T E, 2009 Scenario Liquefaction northern probability complementary Liquefaction

Hazard Maps of Santa Santa Clara curves distributions of the Hazard Maps
Clara Valley, Northern Valley liquefaction potential
California

10 Choi, J S, 2009 A Study on Mapping South Korea modified Liquefaction Potential Mapping of
of Liquefaction Seed & Idriss Index, Hazard map of Liquefaction
Hazard at a method Metropolitan Area Hazard
Megalopolis in Korea

11 Ku, T J, 2009 Study on Mapping of Korea Selatan modified Hazard map of Mapping of
Liquefaction Hazard Seed & Idriss Metropolitan Area Liquefaction
method Hazard

12 Chern, S G, 2009 CPT-Based Simplified Massachusetts Fuzzy-Neural SPT, CPT Liquefaction

Liquefaction Network Assessment
Assessment by Using
Fuzzy-Neural
Network

13 Sitharam, T G, SEISMIC SOIL India IN SITU SPT, CPT SEISMIC SOIL

2009 LIQUEFACTION TEST DATA LIQUEFACTION
BASED ON IN SITU
TEST DATA
14 Young, Y L, Liquefaction potential USA analytical Coastal slopes Liquefaction
2009 of coastal slopes models, and , Liquefaction potential
induced by solitary with Tsunami
waves experimental interaction

15 Vipin,, K S, seismic soil Bangalore Lapanagan SPT, CPT seismic soil

2009 liquefaction based on liquefaction
in situ test data
16 Grasso, S The road map for Timur Tengah analysis Catania road map for
seismic risk analysis evaluation Hazard analysis seismic risk
in a Mediterranean 1693 Earthquake
city Seismic scenario

17 Lee, C Y, 2009 CPT-Based Simplified New Bedford, Fuzzy-Neural SPT, CPT Liquefaction
Liquefaction Network Assessment
Assessment by Using
Fuzzy-Neural
Network

19 White, J A, 2009 Liquefaction Potential United States analytical Coastal slopes Liquefaction
models, and , Liquefaction potential
with Tsunami
experimental
20 Xiao, H, 2009 LIQUEFACTION United States analytical Coastal slopes Liquefaction
POTENTIAL OF models, and , Liquefaction potential
COASTAL SLOPES with Tsunami
INDUCED experimental Wave–seabed
interaction

21 Kusumawardani, PROSEDUR Indonesia SEMI SPT CPT PROSEDUR

R 2009 ANALISIS EMPIRIS ANALISIS
LIQUEFACTION LIKUEFAKSI
DENGAN
MENGGUNAKAN
METODE SEMI
EMPIRIS

22 Soebowo, E, POTENSI Yogyakarta ANAlisis CPT SPT Potensi Likuifaksi

2009 LIKUIFAKSI
AKIBAT
GEMPABUMI
BERDASARKAN
DATA CPT DAN N-
 SPT DI DAERAH
PATALAN BANTUL,
YOGYAKARTA

23 Holzer, T L 2010 Predicted liquefaction amerika Probabilities earthquake Predicted

in the greater Oakland liquefaction
area and northern
Santa Clara Valley
during a repeat of the
1868 Hayward Fault
(M6.7-7.0) earthquake

24 Hakam, A 2011 PADANG padang laboratory in soil test data Liquefaction

LIQUEFACTION the terms of
DUE TO soil grain size
SEPTEMBER distributions
30TH 2009
EARTHQUAKE

25 Hore, R, 2013 Liquefaction potential Bamglades selected CPT SPT liquefaction

of selected reclaimed reclaimed potential 
areas of Dhaka city areas
based on cone
penetration test

26 Misliniyati, R, PEMETAAN Bengkulu  deterministic CPT Liquefaction

2013 POTENSI methods Potential Map
LIKUIFAKSI
WILAYAH PESISIR
BERDASARKAN
DATA CONE
PENETRATION
TEST DI
KELURAHAN
LEMPUING, KOTA
BENGKULU

27 IDENTIFIKASI Indonesia investigasi penurunan, Potensi Liquifaksi

POTENSI gempabumi, dataran
LIKUIFAKSI alluvial
AKIBAT
GEMPABUMI DI
DAERAH
SUMATERA, JAWA
DAN BALI

28 Agung, P A M, Potential Liquefaction surabaya probability of liquefaction severity Potential

2014 of Loose Sand Lenses: liquefaction index, Liquefaction
Case Study In
Surabaya East Coastal
Plain, Indonesia

30 MPR, M H 2017 POTENSI Klaten metode Frekuensi Dominan, POTENSI

LIKUIFAKSI Horizontal to Amplifikasi, Ketebalan LIKUIFAKSI 
MENGGUNAKAN Vertical lapisan lapuk, indeks
METODE Spectral kerentanan tanah,
HORIZONTAL TO Ratio percepatan getaran
VERTICAL (HVSR) tanah (PGA) dan
SPECTRAL RATIO Ground Shear-Strain
(HVSR) DI DESA (GSS) yang
TEGALREJO, dikorelasikan dengan
BAYAT, KLATEN peta geologi dan peta
tata guna lahan
31 Hwang, K 2018 A Study on Seismic South Korea  seismic Electric power ,utility  seismic
Liquefaction Risk Map liquefaction tunnel, Seismic liquefaction risk
of Electric Power Utility risk liquefaction risk
Tunnel in South-East map ,Liquefaction
Korea potential index; Site
response analysis

32 Farid, M, 2018 Measurement of Shear Bengkulu Vs30 Shear strain; gempa Measurement of
Strain in Map Shear Strain in
Liquefaction Area for Map Liquefaction
 Earthquake Mitigation
in Bengkulu City
33 Juang, C H 2018 Random field-based cina Geostatistical classical CPT-based Liquifaction
regional liquefaction tools liquefaction  Hazard mapping
hazard mapping —
data inference and
model verification
using a synthetic
digital soil field

34 Puspita, M, 2018 Liquefaction Aceh Assessment, SPT CPT CRR Soil Liquefaction
Assessment Using the Accounting Aging Assessment
CPT and Accounting
for Soil Aging
35 Park, I J 2018 A Study on Seismic South Korea  seismic Electric power ,utility  seismic
Liquefaction Risk Map liquefaction tunnel, Seismic liquefaction risk
of Electric Power Utility risk liquefaction risk
Tunnel in South-East map ,Liquefaction
Korea potential index; Site
response analysis

36 Tint, Z L 2018 Development of Soil Myanmar ArcGIS Geographic Liquefaction

Distribution and software Information System Potential Index
Liquefaction Potential (GIS); Yangon City;
Maps for Downtown Liquefaction Potential
Area in Yangon, Map; Earthquake;
Myanmar SPT Data
37 Muhni, A, 2018 The subsurface Aceh resistivity subsurface lithology characteristics
characteristics method with potentially
potentially Wenner- liquefaction
liquefaction based on Schlumberger
resistivity in Syiah configuration
Kuala sub-district,

38 Kyaw, N M 2018 Development of Soil Myanmar ArcGIS Geographic Liquefaction

Distribution and software Information System Potential Index
Liquefaction Potential (GIS); Yangon City;
Maps for Downtown Liquefaction Potential
Area in Yangon, Map; Earthquake; SPT
Myanmar Data
39 Choi, J 2018 A Study on Seismic South Korea  seismic Electric power ,utility  seismic
Liquefaction Risk Map liquefaction tunnel, Seismic liquefaction risk
of Electric Power Utility risk liquefaction risk
Tunnel in South-East map ,Liquefaction
Korea potential index; Site
response analysis

40 Wang, C 2018 Random field-based cina Geostatistical classical CPT-based Liquifaction

regional liquefaction tools liquefaction  Hazard mapping
hazard mapping —
data inference and
model verification
using a synthetic
digital soil field

42 Kyaw, K 2018 Development of Soil Myanmar ArcGIS Geographic Liquefaction

Distribution and software Information System Potential Index
Liquefaction Potential (GIS); Yangon City;
Maps for Downtown Liquefaction Potential
Area in Yangon, Map; Earthquake;
Myanmar SPT Data
43 Shen, M 2018 Random field-based cina Geostatistical classical CPT-based Liquifaction
regional liquefaction tools liquefaction  Hazard mapping
hazard mapping —
data inference and
model verification
using a synthetic
digital soil field
45 Avval, Y J, 2019 New formulas for model tree lateral spreading formulas for
predicting approach predicting
liquefaction-induced liquefaction
lateral spreading:
46 Apostolopoulos, Seismic investigation Greece MASW seismic refraction, 2D detection of
G, 2019 for the detection of method  seismic sections liquefaction
liquefaction phenomena
phenomena in an
archaeological site

47 Choi, J 2018 A Study on Seismic South Korea  seismic Electric power ,utility  seismic
Liquefaction Risk Map liquefaction tunnel, Seismic liquefaction risk
of Electric Power Utility risk liquefaction risk
Tunnel in South-East map ,Liquefaction
Korea potential index; Site
response analysis

48 Monaco, P 2019 Evaluating Seismic Italia eksperimental  in situ tests and their response
Behavior of laboratory tests  under cyclic
Intermediate Silty loading and
Sands of Low susceptibility to
Plasticity from Emilia liquefaction
Romagna, Italy
49 Leontarakis, K, Seismic investigation Lechaion MASW seismic refraction, liquefaction
2019 for the detection of method  phenomena
liquefaction
phenomena in an
archaeological site

50 Okano, T 2019 liquefaction analysis Jepang Numerical Tunnel, Float up liquefaction on the
of verification on the simulation tunnel
influence of
underground structure
51 Cahyani, E 2019 Pengembangan Bantul metode analisis SIG dan Bencana liquifaksi
sistem jaringan eksplorasi analisis deskriptif
evakuasi bencana dengan
likuifaksi di pendekatan
wilayah Sesar keruangan
Opak

52 Hideyuki, O Toward a numerical- Jepang Automatic Soil dynamics analysis, Soil dynamics
2019 simulation-based modelling High-performance analysis
liquefaction hazard computing
assessment for urban
regions using high-
performance
computing

53 Aza, A E N, Pengembangan Bantul metode analisis SIG dan Bencana liquifaksi

2019 sistem jaringan eksplorasi analisis deskriptif
evakuasi bencana dengan
likuifaksi di pendekatan
wilayah Sesar keruangan
Opak

54 Sugito, K 2019 LIQUEFACTION Jepang Numerical Tunnel, Float up liquefaction on the

ANALYSIS OF simulation tunnel
VERIFICATION
ON THE
INFLUENCE OF
UNDERGROUND
STRUCTURE
55 Porcino, D D Evaluating Italia eksperimental  in situ tests and their response
2019 Seismic Behavior laboratory tests  under cyclic
of Intermediate loading and
Silty Sands of Low susceptibility to
Plasticity from liquefaction
Emilia Romagna,
Italy
56 Fukagaw, R 2019 Liquefaction Jepang Numerical Tunnel, Float up liquefaction on the
Analysis Of simulation tunnel
Verification On
The Influence Of
Underground
Structure
57 Cahyani, E, 2019 Pengembangan sistem Bantul metode Sistem Informasi evakuasi bencana
jaringan evakuasi eksplorasi  Geografis (SIG) likuifaksi
bencana likuifaksi di
wilayah Sesar Opak

58 Chen, J 2019 Toward a numerical- Jepang Automatic Soil dynamics analysis, Soil dynamics
simulation-based modelling High-performance analysis
liquefaction hazard computing
assessment for urban
regions using high-
performance
computing

59 Tonni, L 2019 Evaluating Seismic italia eksperimental  in situ tests and their response
Behavior of laboratory tests  under cyclic
Intermediate Silty loading and
Sands of Low susceptibility to
Plasticity from Emilia liquefaction
Romagna, Italy
60 Rita, E, 2019 Assessment of Bridges Padang Identification Assessment of
for Tsunami of Problems Bridges for
Evacuation Route Plan Tsunami
in Padang Evacuation

61 Takeyama, T Toward a numerical- Jepang Automatic Soil dynamics analysis, Soil dynamics
2019a simulation-based modelling High-performance analysis
liquefaction hazard computing
assessment for urban
regions using high-
performance
computing

62 Afrita, W N, Pengembangan Bantul metode analisis SIG dan Bencana liquifaksi

2019 sistem jaringan eksplorasi analisis deskriptif
evakuasi bencana dengan
likuifaksi di pendekatan
wilayah Sesar keruangan
Opak

64
65 Sugito, K 2019 LIQUEFACTION Jepang Numerical Liquefaction, Tunnel, the effect of
ANALYSIS OF simulation Float up liquefaction on the
VERIFICATION ON tunnel
THE INFLUENCE
OF
UNDERGROUND
STRUCTURE
66 Asakereh, A Finite Difference Arab Numerical Soil
2020 Numerical Evaluation Evaluation liquefaction, excess
of Liquefaction with pore water
Effective Stress pressure, centrifuge
Method and test, numerical
Numerical Estimation approach, constitutive
of Liquefaction in model.
Bandar Abbas’s
Mosque Project (Case
Study)

67 Bhutani, M ,2020 Thermal and time Jepang Liquefaction Agriculture wastes

regularities during products IR spectrum
oilseed rape straw distributions Boiling point
liquefaction process to Molecular weight
produce bio-polyol
68 Naval, S 2020 India Ground Surface Peak Ground Liquefaction
Response Acceleration Potential
Assessment of Seismic Analysis (PGASUR);
Site Response and Liquefaction Potential;
Liquefaction Potential QGIS.
for Some Sites using
Borelog Data

69 Goharzay, M, Computer-aided SPT- Pakistan hybrid PSO- , probabilistic liquefaction

2020 based reliability model GA approach,, optimization hazard
for probability of algorithm, 
liquefaction using
hybrid PSO and GA
70 Trinandi,  ANALISIS POTENSI  Padang program  keamanan likuifaksi,  Potensi liquifaksi
M, 2020 LIKUIFAKSI PADA LiqIT tingkat risiko,
WILAYAH KOTA v.4.7.7.5 perpindahan lateral
PADANG tanah,
MENGGUNAKAN  
VARIASI  
MAGNITUDE  
GEMPA DENGAN
METODE EMPIRIS

3. Landasan teori: pencarian metode paling berkaitan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi

mendeley dan ditemukan beberapa literatur yang menggunakan metode paling mendekati.
Berikut adalah tabel matriknya:

Tabel 2. Matrik

metode Variabele
No. nama Softwar uji Uji Tanah/Pasi Likuifaks gemp
    e Lab Lap r i a
1 Trinandi, M, 2020 V     V V V
2 Goharzay, M, 2020 V     V V V
3 Naval, S 2020   V   V V  
4 Afrita, W N, 2019 V   V   V  
5 Takeyama, T 2019 V       V  
6 Rita, E, 2019     V   V  
7 Tonni, L 2019   V   V V  
8 Chen, J 2019 V     V V  
9 Cahyani, E, 2019 V       V  
10 Fukagaw, R 2019 V       V  
11 Apostolopoulos, G, 2019 V       V  
12 Kyaw, K 2018 V V V V V  
13 Wang, C 2018 V V V V V  
14 Tint, Z L 2018 V       V  
15 Juang, C H 2018 V       V  
16 Farid, M, 2018 V   V V V  
17 MPR, M H 2017 V   V V V  
18 Misliniyati, R, 2013   V V V V  
19 Hore, R, 2013   V V V V  
20 Hakam, A 2011   V V V V  
21 Soebowo, E, 2009   V V V    
 22 Kusumawardani, R 2009     V   V  
23 Xiao, H, 2009     V   V  
24 Lee, C Y, 2009   V V V V  
25 Vipin,, K S, 2009   V V   V  
26 Ku, T J, 2009   V V V V  
27 Juang, C 2009   V V V V  
28 Kacem, J 2009   V     V  
29 Fang, S, 2009   V V V V  
30 Beroya, M A A, 2009     V V V  

4. Metode Penelitian

Gambar 2. Bagan alur penelitian pemetaan potensi likuifaksi di Kabupaten Rejang

Lebong

5. Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi awal bagi penelitian-penelitian

selanjutnya, serta menjadi pijakan untuk meneliti lebih lanjut potensi likuifaksi di Kabupaten
Rejang Lebong, Provinsi Bengkulu di masa yang akan datang. Serta memberikan edukasi bagi
masyarakat Rejang Lebong Tentang Bahaya dan cara mengurangi dampak Likuifaksi di daerah
tersebut dengan memperhatikan jenis struktur yang di pilih dalam membangun sebuah bangunan.