Pemateri : Nurudin, ST
Nurudin, ST (27)
08159154298
nurudin@petrolab.co.id
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ISI MATERI
Kinematic Viscosity
• Definisi Kinematics Viscosity (ASTM D 445)
• Penjelasan Singkat ASTM D 445
• Standart International untuk kekentalan
• Memahami SAE
• Memahami ISO VG
• Viscosity Index (VI)
Absolute Viscosity
• Definisi Absolute Viscosity (ASTM D 5293)
• Penjelasan Singkat ASTM D 5293
Grease NLGI
• Definisi NLGI (ASTM D 445)
• Penjelasan Singkat ASTM D 445
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Film Theory
Sliding Mechanism
T Rotating Mechanism
dy dv
µ `
T
µ
∀ τ = µ dv/dy
To
T : Shear Stress (N/m2)
m : Viskositas / kekentalan (cp)
dv : Kecepatan (m/s2)
dy : Ketebalan lapisan (m)
w : Kecepatan putar (rad/s)
To : Temperature Operasional ( C )
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Kinematics Viscosity
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• Definisi Umum: Kental atau Encernya Suatu Fluida yang diukur dengan
parameter waktu alir suatu fluida dari titik A ketitik A’
• Definisi Teknik: Adalah ukuran kemudahan suatu fluida untuk menahan
tegangan geser
Munson, “Fundamental of fluid mechanic”
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Resume: ASTM D 445
Diketahui:
t = waktu alir
K = Konstanta Labu
T = Temperature Pengukuran
g=9,8 m/s2
Contoh Penulisan:
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Standart Kekentalan International
SAE
Temp = 100 C Temperatur pengujian pada 100 C
Umumnya digunakan untuk spesifikasi kekentalan
pelumas ENGINE dan AUTOMOTIVE SUPPORT
ISO VG
Temperatur pengujian pada 40 C
Umumnya digunakan untuk spesifikasi kekentalan
pelumas Industi seperti: Compressor, Turbine,
Hydraulic, Gearbox, dan lainlain
Temp = 40 C
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Memahami SAE dan Viscosity Index
SAE 50
Viscosity
SAE 40
SAE 10
S AE
10W
-40
Temperature
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Tabel SAE (ENGINE)
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Tabel SAE (TRANSMISSION)
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Memahami ISO VG
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Tabel ISO VG
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Absolute Viscosity
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CATATAN:
Baik Absolute Viscosity maupun Kinematics Viscosity
T = 40 C
Kinematics Viscosity = 46 cSt Masih merupakan fungsi temperature.
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Resume: ASTM D 5293
T
dy dv
µ `
∀ τ = µ dv/dy
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Viscosity Analysis
Fuel dilution
Overheating
Grease contamination
Mixture of oils
Other components
Contamination by a volatile substance
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Visco-Graph Analysis Tanda bahwa Oksidasi
telah banyak terjadi dan
pelumas mendekati akhir
umur
Kesalahan TOP-UP
dengan ISO VG 32
Visco-Graph
Screw Compressor
A-21 ECJ17
Telat!!!
70
60
Viscosity Kinematics
50
40
30
Running Hour
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GREASE Viscosity
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NLGI
Adalah besaran yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan
Fluida Grease untuk menahan beban tertentu
Desebut juga sebagai KONSISTENSI
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Resume: ASTM D 217
Beban
Temperature = 25 C
P = 1 atm
Kedalaman
Penetrasi
Grease
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Tabel NLGI
Semakin tinggi putaran bearing, gunakan grease dengan NLGI yang semakin tinggi
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Grafik Konversi Kinematics – Absolute Viscosity
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Tabel Konversi Antar Standar Kekentalan
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Tabel Konversi Antar Standar Kekentalan
22 5W 100 65
32 10W 150 80
68 20W
320 120
100 30
150 40
220 50
320 60
46 75W 46 1
68 2 2 EP
100 80W-90
100 3 3 EP
150 4 4 EP
220 90
220 5 5 EP
460 7 7 EP
1500 250
680 8 8 EP
15W-40 -15 43
15W-50 -10 49
20W-50 0 55
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di
do
Tentukan d pitch dan rpm bearing
d pitch = (di+do) / 2
• If the casing is 200F, the oil inside is likely about 220F or hotter. This is much hotter
than I would prefer. We would like to see the oil temperature at about 150F or lower,
so something is wrong.
• final method that can be used to select the viscosity grade uses the following equation.1
• Calculate the Viscosity
•
V40 = Kinematic Viscosity @ 40°C, cSt
V1 = Pitchline velocity of the lowest speed gear, feet per minute (fpm)
= 0.262 X speed (pinion rpm) X pinion diameter (inches)
• If there is no oil cooler on the industrial gear drive, it’s best to determine the maximum expected
ambient temperature during operation and:
– Increase one ISO Viscosity Grade if the ambient temperature exceeds 95°F (35°C).
– Increase two ISO Viscosity Grades if the ambient temperature exceeds 122°F (50°C).
• If there is an oil cooler, the maximum ambient temperature is less important because the oil’s
temperature can be controlled. Therefore the viscosity should be based on the oil’s temperature.
– Increase one ISO Viscosity Grade if the oil temperature exceeds 150°F (65°C).
– Increase two ISO Viscosity Grades if the oil temperature exceeds 185°F(85°C).
• If the oil temperature exceeds 194°F (90°C), use a cooler such as a fan or a heat exchanger.
• The pour point of the industrial gear lubricant should be at least 9°F (5°C) below the minimum
expected ambient temperature during start-up. If this cannot be achieved, use an industrial gear
lubricant that has a lower pour point, such as one that is formulated with semisynthetic or
synthetic base fluids, or use a heater to heat the oil before starting the industrial gear drive.
(kami mohon maaf jika dalam presentasi maupun slide terdapat kesalahan)
Pemateri : Nurudin, ST