Kondisi Perencanaan

1 kondisi Jembatan ( lihat gambar )

- Panjang jembatan total : 110 m 4.32
- Jumlah Bentang : 6 buah 0.15 0.15
- Panjang bentang : 17.500 m 0.16 0.10 3.50 0.10 0.16
- Lebar Perkerasan : 3500 mm 4.32
- lebar jembatan : 4.320 m 0.5
- Tipe Jembatan : Beton bertulang dengan gelagar balok T , 1.00
- jumlah balok/gelagar : 2 buah 0.5
- Panjang bersih gelagar : 16.50 m 1.650 mm 0.20
0.10
2 Spesikasi Pembebanan 1.150
a Beban Hidup : PPJJR No. 12/1970 (BM 70%)
Beban roda T = 70% x 10 t = 7.0000 t
Beban Garis P = 70% x 12 t/m = 8.40 t/m 0.45 0.45
t/m 2 1.54 t/m (L < 30 m)
2
Beban Merata q =70% x 2.20 = 2.00
20 = 20 = 0.11 1.05 1.05 0.11
b Beban Kejut, k = 1+ 1+ 1.296
50 + L 50 + 17.500 4.32

3 Spesifikasi Beton dan Baja Tulangan

a Beton :
Kuat Tekan, fc' = 20 Mpa
Kuat Tekan, f̅c' = 10 Mpa
Modulus Elastisitas, Ec = 4700 x√25 = 23500 Mpa
b Baja Tulangan :
Kuat Leleh, fy = 240 Mpa
Modulus Elastisitas, Es = 2 x 10 5 Mpa

1 Tiang sandaran
Beban Hoizontal = 100.00 Kg/m
Tinggi Sandaran = 1.00 m
Momen lentur, M = 2 x 100 x 1.00 = 200 Kg.m = 2000 N.m
Gaya Geser V = 2 x 100 = 200 Kg.m = 2000.0 N.m

Dimensi Balok Npm

b = 160 + 0.07 = 160.07 mm
h = 160 + 0.07 = 160.07 mm
d = 160.07 - 30 = 130.07 mm
Fc' = 20 Mpa
Fy = 240 Mpa

K = Mu 2000 x 103
= = 0.923 Mpa
φ b d² 0.8 x 160.07 x 130.07 ²

Pperlu = 0.85 Fc' 2K 0.85 x 20 2 x 0.9232

1 - 1 - = 1 - 1 - = 0.00396
Fy 0.85 Fc' 240 0.85 x 20

Pmin = 1.4 1.4

= = 0.005833
Fy 240

Pperlu > Pmin = Pmin 0.006

As perlu = pbd
= 0.005833 x 160.07 x 130.07 = 121.45 mm2

As pakai = 2 φ 10 = 157.08 mm 2
78.53982
2
Kontrol kapasitas momen balok :
Dianggap baja tulangan telah mencapai luluh pada saat beton mulai retak
(Ɛc = 0.003), Fs = Fy

As Fy 157.08 x 240 mm
a = = = 13.85
0.85 Fc b 0.85 x 20 x 160.07

𝑎/β 13.85
c = 1 = = 16.30 mm
0.85

d - c 130.07 - 16.299
Fs = 600 = 600 = 4188.23 Mpa > Fy 240 OK….
c 16.299

As Fy a 157.08 x 240 13.85

Mn = d - = 130.07 - = 4642383.492 Nmm
2 2

= 4642.383 Nm

Mn > Mu
4642.383 > 2000 OK…

Perencanaan tulangan geser :

Vu = 2000.0 N

Vc = 1 1
Fc' b d = 20 x 160.07 x 130.07 = 31037.07805 N
3 3

1 1
/ φ Vc = / 0.6 x 31037.078046 = 9311.1234137 N > 2000.0 Teoritis Tidak Perlu Sengkang...
2 2

Walaupun secara teoritis tidak perlu sengkang tetapi untuk kestabilan struktur dan peraturan mensyaratkan
dipasang tulangan minimum (spasi maksimum)

Smaksimum = 1 = 1 x 130.07 = 65.035 mm

/ d /
2 2
atau
Smaksimum = 600 mm

digunakan spasi = 65 mm , dengan luas tulangan minimum :

Av min = 1 1
Fc' b s = 20 x 160.07 x 65.035
3 3 = 64.6606 mm2
Fy 240

dipakai φ 8 mm
Av = 2. 1/4. π. D² = 100.531 mm2 maka jarak sengkang :

S = Av. Fy 100.531 x 240

1 = 1 = 101.113 mm
20 b 20 x 160.07
3 3

Jadi di pakai tulangan φ 8 - 80 untuk geser, dan 2 φ 10 untuk lentur

2 Perhitungan Slab Lantai Kantilever

160 150

H = 100 Kg/m

500 1 500 275.85

1.000 500 776

3 T= 7.000 kg 825.85
2 Wheel
500 4 -2%

200 5

100 6

"Type equation here."

115.85
110 825.85

835.85 0.85

450

Y W Lengan Momen
No Volume (m3)
(kg/m3) (kg) (m) (kg.m)
1 0.10 x 0.16 x 0.50 = 0.008 2400 19.20 0.85585 16.432
2 0.10 x 0.70 x 0.11 2 = 0.004 2400 9.60 0.86252 8.280
3 0.10 x 0.05 x 0.5 = 0.003 2400 7.20 0.80085 5.766
4 0.10 x 0.15 x 0.5 2 = 0.004 2400 9.60 0.72585 6.533
5 1.00 x 0.82585 x 0.2 = 0.16517 2400 396.41 0.41293 160.545
6 1.00 x 0.82585 x 0.1 2 = 0.041 2400 98.40 0.27528 27.088
7 1.00 x 0.62585 x 0.07 = 0.044 2200 96.80 0.31250 30.250
P 2 x 100 kg/m 200.00 1.20000 240.000
T 1.299 x 7.000 (wheel load) 9093.000 0.27528 2503.151
Air hujan = 2 x 0.62585 x 0.05 1000 62.585 0.31250 19.558
Railing = 2 x 2 m x 6 kg/m 24.00 0.82585 19.820
Total momen lentur, M 3037.424
Mu = 30374.23933

Gaya geser ( Shear Force)

Berat tiang sandaran = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 railing = 69.600 kg
Slab kantilever dan perkerasan = 5 + 6 + 7 = 591.61 kg
Beban roda = 9093.000 kg
Beban genangan air hujan = 62.585 kg
Total gaya lintang, V = 9816.793 kg
Vu = 98167.93 N

Perhitungan baja tulangan

Mu = 30374.239325 N,m Fc' = 20 Mpa
Vu = 98167.93 N,m Fy' = 240 Mpa
hf = 300 mm
d = 300 - 40 = 260 mm

Mu 30374.239325 x 103
K = = = 0.562 Mpa
φ b d² 0.8 x 1000 x 260 ²

Pperlu = 0.85 Fc' 2K 0.85 x 20 2 x 0.5617

1 - 1 - = 1 - 1 - = 0.00238
Fy 0.85 Fc' 240 0.85 x 20
 Pmin = 1.4 1.4
= = 0.0058333
Fy 240

Pperlu > Pmin = Pmin 0.006

As perlu = pbd
= 0.005833 x 1000 x 260 = 1516.67 mm2

Dipakai tulangan φ 16 As = 201.062 mm2 , dengan jarak antar tulangan

Sperlu = 201.062
x 1000 = 132.57 mm
1516.67

Dipakai tulangan φ 16 - 100 mm

Kontrol terhadap geser beton
Vu 98167.93
τc = =
⅞ bh d 0.88 x 1000 260

98167.93
= = 0.432 Mpa < OK..
227500

3 Perhitungan pelat bagian dalam (inner Slab) (lihat gambar 5.5)

a. momen lentur akibat beban hidup
Dari tabel (pada tabel PBI 1970) diperoleh :
f xm = ###
f ym = ###

M xm = f xm x T x tx x ty = 0.1500 x 20005 x 0.84 x 0.54 = 1361 kg.m

= 13611 N.m
M xm = f xm x T x tx x ty = 0.0933 x 20005 x 0.84 x 0.54 = 847 kg.m
= 8466 N.m

4.320
150 3.500 150
160 100 100 160

500 500 1750

1.000
500
200
100
1.150

450 1.650 450

1.050 2.000 1.050
110 110
Gambar 5.5 Wheel Position

b. momen lentur akibat beban mati

Berat slab = 0.20 x 2400 = 480 kg/m2
Berat perkerasan = 0.06 x 2200 = 154 kg/m2
Berat air hujan = 0.05 x 1000 = 50.0 kg/m2
Total qDL = 684.0 kg/m2

1/10 1/10 2
M xm = x q DL x l x2 x 684.0 x 1.650 = 186.219 kgm = 1862.19 Nm

1/ 1/
M ym = 3 x M xm = 3 x 186.2 = 62.073 kgm = 620.73 Nm
 50 cm 20 cm

7 cm

20 cm

84 cm 54 cm

tx = 0.84

𝑙_𝑣=∝
ty = 0.54

lx = 1.65
Gambar 5.6. beban roda pada slab
Beban roda, T = 7000
Bidang kontak = 84 x 54 cm
Penyebaran beban roda,
7000 x 1.296 9074.0741
T = = = 20004.57247 kg/cm
0.84 x 0.54 0.4536
= 0.200045725 Mpa
lx = 1.65 ly=a

0.84
tx/lx = = 0.509
1.65

0.54
ty/ly = = 0.327
1.65

c momen total
Mx = 13611 + 1862 = 15473 Nm
Mx = 8466 + 621 = 9087 Nm

d Perhitungan baja tulangan

Arah melintang (lx)
Mux = 15473 Nm Fc = 20
hf = 200 mm Fy = 240
d = 200 - 40 = 160 mm

Mu 15473 x 103
K = = = 0.756 Mpa
φ b d² 0.8 x 1000 x 160 ²

Pperlu = 0.85 Fc' 2K 0.85 x 20 2 x 0.7555

1 - 1 - = 1 - 1 - = 0.00322
Fy 0.85 Fc' 240 0.85 x 20

Pmin = 1.4 1.4

= = 0.0058333
Fy 240

Pperlu > Pmin = Pmin 0.006

As perlu = pbd
= 0.005833 x 1000 x 160 = 933.33 mm2

Dipakai tulangan φ 16 As = 201.062 mm 2

dengan jarak antar tulangan

Sperlu = 201.062
x 1000 = 215.42 mm
933.33
Dipakai tulangan φ 16 - 100 mm
 Arah memanjang (ly)
Mux = 9087 Nm Fc = 20
hf = 200 mm Fy = 240
d = 200 - 40 = 160 mm

Mu 9087 x 103
K = = = 0.444 Mpa
φ b d² 0.8 x 1000 x 160 ²

Pperlu = 0.85 Fc' 2K 0.85 x 20 2 x 0.4437

1 - 1 - = 1 - 1 - = 0.002
Fy 0.85 Fc' 240 0.85 x 20

Pmin = 1.4 1.4

= = 0.0058333
Fy 240

Pperlu > Pmin = Pmin 0.006

As perlu = pbd
= 0.005833 x 1000 x 160 = 933.33 mm2

Dipakai tulangan φ 16 As = 201.062 mm2 dengan jarak antar tulangan

Sperlu = 201.062
x 1000 = 215.42 mm
933.33
Dipakai tulangan φ 16 - 100 mm

4 Perhitungan gelagar (lihat Gambar 5.7 dan Gambar 5.8)

a. Beban mati (dead load)

Hand rail = 0.10 x 0.16 x 1.00 x 2400

x 1.580
2
= 30.336 kg/m
Railing = 2 x 1.00 x 6 x 1.580 = 18.96 kg/m
Perkerasan = 0.07 x 2200 x 2.031 = 312.7163 kg/m
Air hujan = 0.05 x 2200 x 2.031 = 223.3688 kg/m
Pelat lantai = 0.2 x 2200 x 2.031 = 893.475 kg/m
Gelagar = 0.95 x 0.45 x 2400 x 1 = 1026 kg/m
Total q DL = 2474.52 kg/m

Balok melintang (diafragma), T b = 0.30 x 0.60 x 2400 x 0.5 = 356.40 kg/m

Momen lentur akibat beban mati

1 x x
M qDL → Mx = q DL L2 1 -
2 L L

Momen pada potongan 1, x = 2 m M1. DL

1 2
2 2
M qDL = 2474.52 x 16.5 1 - = 35880.54 kgm
2 16.5 16.5

1
M qDL = x 356.40 x 2.00 = 356.4 kgm
2
M1 DL = 36236.94 kgm
= 362369.4 Nm

Momen pada potongan 2, x = 4 m M1. DL

1 2 4 4
M qDL = 2474.52 x 16.5 1 - = 61863.00 kgm
2 16.5 16.5

1
M qDL = x 356.40 x 4.00 = 712.8 kgm
2
M2 DL = 62575.8 kgm
= 625758 Nm
Momen pada potongan 3, x = 6 m M1. DL

1 2 6 6
M qDL = 2474.52 x 16.5 1 - = 77947.38 kgm
2 16.5 16.5

1
M qDL = x 356.40 x 6.00 = 1069.2 kgm
2
M3 DL = 79016.58 kgm
= 790165.8 Nm
Momen pada potongan 4, x = 8.25 m M1. DL

1 2 8.25 8.25
M qDL = 2474.52 x 16.5 1 - = 84211.01 kgm
2 16.5 16.5

1
M qDL = x 356.40 x 8.25 = 1470.15 kgm
2
M4 DL = 85681.15875 kgm
= 856811.5875 Nm

Beban hidup (love load)

Kofesien Kejut = 1.296
Beban garis, P = 1.296 x 8400 x 2.031 = 8041.939 kg
2.75
Beban terbagi merata, q = 1540 x 2.031 = 1137.36 kg/m
2.75
 4.320
150 3.500 150
160 100 100 160

500 500 1750

1.000
500
200
100
1.150

450 1650 450

1.050 2000 1.050
110 110

310 850 2850

A = 1.425 x 2.850
0.500
1.00

2
1.58

1.425

= 2.031 m2

Gambar 5.7 Moment Influence line of girder

d. Momen lentur akibat beban hidup

Mx (P) = P.L x x
1-
L L
Mx (P) = 1 x x
q L2 1 -
2 L L

Momen pada potongan 1, x = 2 m M1 LL

Mx (P) = 8041.939 x 16.5 x 2 x 2 = 14134.32 kgm

1 -
16.5 16.5

Mx (P) = 1 x 1137.36 x 16.5 2

x 2 x 2 = 16491.7 kgm
1 -
2 16.5 16.5

M1 LL = 30626 kgm
= 306260 N.m
Momen pada potongan 2, x = 4 m M1 LL

Mx (P) = 8041.939 x 16.5 x 4 x 4 = 24369.51 kgm

1 -
16.5 16.5

Mx (P) = 1 x 1137.36 x 16.5 2

x 4 x 4 = 28434 kgm
1 -
2 16.5 16.5

M2 LL = 52803.5 kgm
= 528035 N.m
Momen pada potongan 3, x = 6 m M1 LL

Mx (P) = 8041.939 x 16.5 x 6 x 6 = 30705.59 kgm

1 -
16.5 16.5

Mx (P) = 1 x 1137.36 x 16.5 2

x 6 x 6 = 35826.8 kgm
1 -
2 16.5 16.5

M3 LL = 66532.4 kgm
= 665324 N.m
Momen pada potongan 4, x = 8.25 m M1 LL

Mx (P) = 8041.939 x 16.5 x 8.25 x 8.25 = 33173 kgm

1 -
16.5 16.5

Mx (P) = 1 x 1137.36 x 16.5 2

x 8.25 x 8.25 = 38705.8 kgm
1 -
2 16.5 16.5

M4 LL = 71878.8 kgm
= 718788 N.m

Tabel 5.2 Momen lentur total (Nm)

Pembebanan M. 1 M. 2 M. 3 M. 4
Beban mati, DL 362369 625758 790166 856812
Beban hidup, LL 306260 528035 665324 718788
Total 668630 1153793 1455490 1575599

c. momen pada tumpuan

Ms = 1 = 1 x 1575599 = 525199.8042 Nm
M max
3 3
f. Gaya geser (shearing force)

Beban mati terbagi merata = 1 qDL L = 1 x 2474.52 x 16.5 = 20414.79 kg

2 2
Balok melintang = 2.50 x 356.40 = 891 kg

Beban hidup garis P = 1 x 8041.9 = 4021 kg

2
Beban hidup terbagi merata q = 1 x 1137.4 x 16.5 = 9383.22 kg
2
V = 34710 kg = 347099.797 Nm

g. Perhitungan baja tulangan

pada tumpuan :
Msuport = 525199.80417 N.m
V = 347099.79697 N
b = 450 mm
h = 1150 mm
d = 1150 - 60 = 1090 mm

Mu 525200 x 103
K = = = 1.228 Mpa
φ b d² 0.8 x 450 x 1090 ²

Pperlu = 0.85 Fc' 2K 0.85 x 20 2 x 1.2279

1 - 1 - = 1 - 1 - = 0.005
Fy 0.85 Fc' 240 0.85 x 20

Pmin = 1.4 1.4

= = 0.0058333
Fy 240

Pperlu > Pmin = Pmin 0.006

As perlu = pbd
= 0.005833 x 450 x 1090 = 2861.25 mm2

Dipakai tulangan 5 Φ 30 As = 3534.292 mm 2

Kontrol kapasitas momen balok :

Dianggap baja tulangan telah mencapai luluh pada saat beton mulai retak
(Ɛc = 0.003), Fs = Fy

As Fy 3534.29 x 240 mm
a = = = 110.88
0.85 Fc b 0.85 x 20 x 450.00

𝑎/β 110.88
c = 1 = = 130.45 mm
0.85

d - c 1090 - ###
Fs = 600 = 600 = 4413.54 Mpa > Fy 240 OK….
c 130.447

As Fy a 3534.29 x 240 110.88

Mn = d - = 1090 - = 877544956 Nmm
2 2

= 877544.956 Nm

Mn > Mu
877544.956 > 525199.80417 OK…
 1 kg

0.31 0.85 2

𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
Ra x 2 - P x 3.16
Ra = 1 x 3.16
2
= 1.580

𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
Ra x 2 - P x 2.85
Ra = 1 x 2.85
2
= 1.425

𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
Ra x 2 - P x 2
Ra = 1 x 2
2
= 1.000

𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
Ra x 2 - P x 1
Ra = 1 x 1
2
= 0.500
B