Rekayasa Gempa Lanjutan

Pertemuan 1
Ario Muhammad, PhD

Universitas Narotama
Kenalan
dulu!

2
 • Pembelajaran online akan dilakukan via google meet
• Format kuliah online:
1. Penyampaian materi selama 45 menit
sampai 1 jam
Format 2. Tanya jawab
• Toleransi keterlambatan 15 menit
pembelajaran • Absen akan dilakukan sendiri oleh saya sebagai
dosen.
• Penilaian: Kehadiran (10%), Tugas (10%), Quiz
(10%), UTS (20%), UAS (30%), dan Tugas Besar
(20%)
 No Waktu Rencana pembelajaran
1 Pekan 2 Maret 2021 Review Rekayasa Gempa

2 Pekan 3 Maret 2021 Seismic vulnerability assessment

3 Pekan 4 Maret 2021 Performance Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) – Case study

4 Pekan 5 Maret 2021 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) - 1

5 Pekan 1 April 2021 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) - 2

Rencana 6 Pekan 2 April 2021 Tugas presentasi kasus PBEE/PSHA

Pembelajaran 7 Pekan 3 April 2021 Quiz persiapan UTS

8 Pekan 4 April 2021 UTS

9 Pekan 1 Mei 2021 Pengantar bencana tsunami

10 Pekan 2 Mei 2021 Earthquake source modelling

11 Pekan 3 Mei 2021 Tsunami hazard and risk analysis

12 Pekan 4 Mei 2021 Probabilistic Tsunami hazard Analysis

13 Pekan 5 Mei 2021 Tugas persentasi kasus PTHA

14 Pekan 1 Juni 2021 Quiz persiapan UAS

Review Rekayasa Gempa
Apa itu gempa?

Gempa Kobe 1995. (Sumber: Britannica.com)

Gempa adalah getaran tanah
secara tiba-tiba yang
disebebakan karena perambatan
gelombang seismik di antara
bebatuan bumi. Gelombang
seismik ini berasal dari
pelepasan energi yang
tersimpan di dalam kerak bumi
(Bolt, 2021).

Gempa San Francisco, 1906. (Sumber: Britannica.com)

 Tipe-tipe
gempa

• Sesar turun (normal)

• Sesar naik (reverse)
• Sesar mendatar (strike-slip)
Earthquake
induced
tsunami
 Mendefenisikan besaran gempa

Dengan MAGNITUDE
Jenis-jenis unit yang dipakai:

(1) local magnitude (ML): Richter

Magnitude
(2) Surface-wave magnitude (Ms),
(3) Body-wave magnitude (Mb),
(4) Moment magnitude (Mw).
Negara-negara
berpotensi bencana
gempa-tsunami

Sumber: Britannica.com
Sumber: Asrurifak et al. (2017)
Sumber gempa di Indonesia
Sumber gempa-tsunami di Indonesia
 Date Region Mag. MMI Fatalities Injuries Comments
14/01/2021 Sulawesi 6.2 Mw VII 105 3,369 [1]
04/11/2019 Molucca Sea 7.1 Mw VII 1 3 [2]
12/11/2019 Maluku 5.0 Mw IV 2 9 Aftershock. [3]
25/09/2019 Maluku 6.5 Mw VII 41 1,578 Landslides. [4]
02/08/2019 Java 6.9 Mw VI 8 8 [5]
14/07/2019 North Maluku 7.2 Mw VIII 14 129 [6]
12/04/2019 Sulawesi 6.8 Mw VI 1 [7]
17/03/2019 Lombok 5.5 Mw V 6 182 [8]
14/11/2018 Sulawesi 5.6 Mw VII 7 6 Landslides. [9]
10/10/2018 Java 6.0 Mw V 4 36 [10]
Major tsunami (up to 7m), more
28/09/2018 Sulawesi 7.5 Mw IX 4,340 10,679 [11]
than 600 people missing.
19/08/2018 Lombok 6.9 Mw VII 14 24 Fatalities also in Sumbawa. [12]
19/08/2018 Lombok 6.3 Mw VII 2 3 Aftershock. [13]
09/08/2018 Lombok 5.9 Mw VII 6 24 Aftershock. [14]
05/08/2018 Lombok 6.9 Mw VIII 513 1,353 Widespread damage. [15]
[16][17]
29/07/2018 Lombok 6.4 Mw VIII 20 401 Foreshock.
21/07/2018 Sumatra 5.2 MW 1 2 [18]
Building damage in Kalibening
18/04/2018 Java 4.5 MW 3 21 [19]
District.
23/01/2018 Java 6.0 MW V 2 41
15/12/2017 Java 6.5 Mw VII 4 36
31/10/2017 Ambon 6.3 Mw VII 1 [20]
07/12/2016 Sumatra 6.5 Mw IX 104 1,273 Heavy damage in Aceh region.
02/03/2016 Sumatra 7.8 Mw III
28/07/2015 Papua 7.0 Mw VII 1 Buildings damaged or destroyed. [21]
02/07/2013 Sumatra 6.1 Mw 43 276 [22]
11/04/2012 Wharton Basin 8.2 Mw VI Doublet
11/04/2012 Wharton Basin 8.6 Mw VII 10 12 Doublet
05/09/2011 Sumatra 6.7 Mw 10 [23]
25/10/2010 Sumatra 7.8 Mw VII 408 Tsunami (local), hundreds missing.
16/06/2010 Papua 7.0 Mw VII 17
09/05/2010 Sumatra 7.2 Mw V
06/04/2010 Sumatra 7.8 Mw VIII 62
Kerugian
EKONOMI akibat
gempa di
Indonesia
 Dunia Teknik Sipil dan Gempa
Sumber: Norwich Univ

Structural analysis

Building materials
See and Sealand (2019)
GROUND MOTION A

Gerakan gempa (earthquake motion) bisa

dikuantifikasikan dalam bentuk percepatan
(acceleration; Gambar CA), kecepatan (velocity;
Gambar CB), atau simpangan (displacement; Gambar
CC)
B
Accelerographs adalah alat yang digunakan untuk
mencatat gerakan gempa.

Gambar C: Example of strong motion earthquake record (North-

South component of El-Centro, 1940 earthquake).
Accelerographs
RESPONS
SPEKTRA
• Response spectra are curves plotted
between maximum response of SDOF
system subjected to specified
earthquake ground motion and its time
period (or frequency). Response
spectrum can be interpreted as the
locus of maximum response of a SDOF
system for a given damping ratio.

• Response spectra thus helps in

obtaining the peak structural responses
under linear range, which can be used
for obtaining lateral forces developed
in structure due to earthquake thus Desain respons spektra (ASCE 7-10)
facilitates in earthquake-resistant
design of structures.
Referensi
• Asrurifak et al., 2017, Workshop PRB Gempa,
http://www.pskbpi.its.ac.id/wp-
content/uploads/Asrurifak_Workshop_PRB_Gempa_ITS_19102017.p
df (accessed on 03 March 2021)
• Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/science/earthquake-geology
• Norwich University: https://online.norwich.edu/academic-
programs/resources/how-have-earthquakes-shaped-civil-engineering
• Shi, Y., & Seeland, K. (2019). Using RISKPLAN for Earthquake
Risk Assessment in Sichuan Province,
China. Sustainability, 11(6), 1812.
TERIMA KASIH
 TUGAS
Menentukan Respons Spektrum Gempa Berdasarkan SNI 1726-2012
Nama kota diurut berdasarkan NIM terkecil:
1 Kota Jakarta 21 Kota Denpasar
2 Kota Surabaya 22 Kota Serang
3 Kota Medan 23 Kota Jambi
4 Kota Bandung 24 Kota Balikpapan
5 Kota Makassar 25 Kota Surakarta
6 Kota Depok 26 Kota Cimahi
7 Kota Semarang
27 Kota Manado
8 Kota Tangerang
28 Kota Kupang
9 Kota Palembang
29 Kota Jayapura
10 Kota Tangerang Selatan 30 Kota Mataram
31 Kota Yogyakarta
11 Kota Bandar Lampung
32 Kota Cilegon
12 Kota Batam
33 Kota Ambon
13 Kota Bogor
14 Kota Padang 34 Kota Bengkulu
15 Kota Pekanbaru 35 Kota Palu
16 Kota Malang 36 Kota Kendari
17 Kota Samarinda 37 Kota Sukabumi
18 Kota Tasikmalaya 38 Kota Cirebon
19 Kota Pontianak 39 Kota Pekalongan
20 Kota Banjarmasin 40 Kota Kediri