• Perubahan teknologi;
• Keunggulan kompetitif;
• Perolehan produktivitas;
• Pertumbuhan;
• Penciutan;
Siklus Hidup Pengembangan Sistem
Pengantar Pengembangan Sistem dan Analisis Sistem
• Manajemen;
• Akuntan;
• Pemain luar;
Pengantar Pengembangan Sistem dan Analisis Sistem
Kajian yang dilihat dari berbagai segi aspek baik aspek legalitas, aspek teknis,
pemasaran, sosial ekonomi maupun manajemen dan keuangan, yang hasilnya
digunakan untuk mengambil keputusan suatu proyek dijalankan, ditunda, atau
tidak dijalankan.
Analisis Kelayakan
Lima aspek penting yang harus dipertimbangkan selama studi kelayakan adalah
sebagai berikut:
• Kelayakan Teknis;
• Kelayakan operasional;
• Kelayakan Legal;
• Kelayakan Penjadwalan;
• Kelayakan Ekonomis;
Analisis Kelayakan
Analisis Kelayakan
Analisis Kelayakan
Pencegahannya:
• Penuhi kebutuhan pemakai;
• Menjaga keterbukaan komunikasi;
The expected life of the machine is four years, with an estimated salvage value of zero. The
effective tax rate is 40%. All computer purchase costs will be depreciated using the straight-line
method over its four-year life. Rossco can invest money made available from the reduction in
inventory at its cost of capital of 11%. All cash flows, except for the initial investment and start-
up costs, are at the end of the year. Assume 365 days in a year.
PERTANYAAN
Use a spreadsheet to perform a feasibility analysis to determine if Rossco should purchase the
computer. Compute the following as part of the analysis: initial investment, after-tax cash flows
for years 1 through 4, payback period, net present value, and internal rate of return.
Rossco should proceed with the purchase. The internal rate of return of 23.23% is higher than
the hurdle rate of 11%. There is a positive NPV of $56 157. Payback is in 2.44 years.
Capital Budgeting - Contoh
Asumsi Proyeksi
(a) - Initial Investment
Initial systems design 54.000
Hardware 74.000
Software 35.000
One-time initial training 11.000
System installation 20.000
File conversion 12.000
206.000
Amount Interest Rate Saving Before Tax Increased Taxes Net Cash Proviced
(c) - Reduced Employees 150.000 11% 16.500 60% 9.900
Year Basic Depreciation % Depreciation Amount Tax Savings Net Cash Saved
(d) - Depreciation 1 206.000 25% 51.500 40% 20.600
2 206.000 25% 51.500 40% 20.600
3 206.000 25% 51.500 40% 20.600
4 206.000 25% 51.500 40% 20.600
Capital Budgeting - Contoh
Rossco
Analisa Kelayakan Pembelian Peralatan Komputer
Dalam USD
Proyeksi Proyeksi Proyeksi Proyeksi Proyeksi
URAIAN 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3 4
Initial Investment (206.000) - - - -
Investasi - Cash Inflow (Arus Kas Bersih - FCF) (206.000) 84.500 84.500 84.500 84.500
Akumulasi Arus Kas Bersih (FCF) (206.000) (121.500) (37.000) 47.500 132.000
1 1 1 - -
Discount Rate (WACC) 11,00% 11,00% 11,00% 11,00% 11,00%
Discount Factor 1,000 0,901 0,812 0,731 0,659
Present Value of Net Cash Flow (206.000) 76.126 68.582 61.786 55.663
LAYAK
Tax 40,00%
Kesimpulan
Rossco should proceed with the purchase. The internal rate of return of 23.23% is higher than the
hurdle rate of 11%. There is a positive NPV of $56 157. Payback is in 2.44 years.
Latihan – Tugas
“TERIMA KASIH”
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