Physies Form 4 Chapter 5 Waves BY Fundamentals of Waves ‘sas Gelombang 1. A student measures how far a cork moves up and down on a wave in a tank of water as in Diagram 1. Seorang pelsjar mengukur sejauh mana gabus bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah pada gelombang dalam tangki air seperti dalam Rajah 1. Ruler Pembaris Cork Goble Direction of wave ‘Arh getombang yam 1 / Rajah 1 What quantity that can be obtained from the measurement? Apakah kuantiti yang boleh dlperoleh daripada pengukuran? A Amplitude Amplitud B Frequency ‘Frokuensi C Speed Lau D_ Wavelength Panjang gelombang 2. Which of the following produces longitudinal waves? Antara yang berikut, yang ‘manakeh menghasilkan gelombang membyjur? + f . Diagram 2 shows a ball Diagram 3 shows graph of displacement against time for | a particle in a water wave Rajah 3 menunjukkan grat sesaran melawan masa suatu ‘zarah dalam gelombang air. Displacement (cm) ‘Sesaran (cm) floating in a water tank. Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah bola terapung dalam tangki 0 Time (s) Masa s) Direction of wave Diagram 3 / Rajah 3 — Arah gelombang ———> ‘What is the frequency of the water wave? Apakah frekuensi gelombang air? A 05 Hz B 10Hz C 20Hz D 30Hz Ball Bole Water Ar | Diagram 2 / Rajah 2 | Which of the following is the correct movement of the ball? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah gerakan bola yang benar? 5. Diagram 4 shows the cross section of the water wave generated in a ripple tank. | A bal | Bola Rajah 4 menunjukkan keratan -— | rentas bagi gelombang air yang | oihasilkan dalam satu tangki riak. B | Ball Bola | Z x + eS | S | | U |) wil | Direction of propagation ‘Arah porambatan Bal Bola Diagram 4 / Rajah 4 D Which of the following | statements is true about the Ball water wave! Bola | Antara yang berikut, pemnyataan yang manakah adalah benar ‘mengenai gelombang air itu? 81 © Penerbitan Pelangl Sdn. Bb.DSpnysice Form 4 chester waves A. Particles 7 and V are in different phases. Zarah T dan V adalah daiam asa beriainan. B_ The wavelength is given by distance UV. Panjang gelombang itu diberi oleh jarak UV. C_ Energy is being transferred from right to left. Tenaga dipindahkan dari kanan ke kiri. D_ All particles are vibrating in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. ‘Semua zarah bergetar dalam satu arah yang berserenjang kepada arah perembatan gelombang. 6. Which of the following graphs show the correct relationship between wavelength, and frequency, fowhen velocity is constant? Antara yang berikut, yang ‘manakah menunjukkan hubungan yang betul antara panjang gelombang, 2. dan frekuensi, f apabila halaju malar? Aik 4 (© Penerbitan Pelangi San. Bhd. mmping and Resonance 2 Pelembapan cian Resonans 7. Diagram 5 shows a graph of an oscillation system experiences damping. Rajah 5 menunjukkan grat sistem ayunan mengalami pelembapan, Displacement, Sear, Diagram 5 / Rajah Which of the following quantity does not change? Antara yang beriku, yang manakah kuantityeng tidak berubah? A. Size of oscillation Saiz ayunen B Period of oscillation Tempoh ayunan C Energy of oscillation Tenaga ayunan D_ Amplitude of oscillation Amplitud ayunan 8. When the amplitude of a wave decrease, Apabila amplitud gelombang berkurang, A. its wavelength will increase. panjang gelombangnya akan bertambeh, B frequency will decrease. frekuensi akan berkurang. C energy will decrease. tenaga akan berkurang. D_ period will decrease. fempoh akan berkurang. 9. When a system oscillates at its natural frequency is slowing down because of damping, its amplitude will Apabila suatu sistem bergetar pada frekuonsi aslinya menjadi periahan disebabkan oleh polombapan, amplitudnya akan ‘A. decrease. / berkurang. B_ increase. / berambah C remains the same. tidak boruban. 82 10. Diagram 6 shows two identical tuning forks side by side in a laboratory. When a student knocks on the first fork, the vibrations of the fork forced the second fork to oscillate with its maximum amplitude. Rejah 6 menunjukkan dua tala bunyi yang serupa dilstakkan sebelah menyebelah di dalam makmal. Apabila tala bunyi yang pertama diketuk, geteran yang terhasil memaksa tala bunyl yang kedua untuk bergetar pade ‘ampltud maksimum. — Diagram 6 / Rajah 6 ‘Which phenomenon will best describe the situation? SSituasi yang manakah paling tepat menerangkan fenomena tersebut? A. Resonance Resonans Damping Pelembapan C Modulation Modulesi D Echo Gema 3 11, Diagram 7 shows an oscillating system. Rajah 7 menunjukkan sistem ayunen. Diagram 7 / Rajah 7Which graph shows the correct relationship between displacement and time for the oscillating system? Graf manakah yang ‘menunjukkan hubungan yang betul antara sesaran dan masa untuk sistem berayun? a | Displacement Sesaran * | Time Masa B Displacement Sesaran | Time Masa c | Displacement ‘Sagaran | * ) Time Masa D Displacement Segeren | q Time Masa Reflection of Waves Pantulan Gelombang 12. Which of the following characteristice of waves changes when the waves are reflected? | Antara yang berikut yang manakah ciri golombang ‘yang akan berubah apabila dipantulkan? A. Speed baju B Frequency Frekuensi | C Wavelength Panjang gelombang D_ Direction of propagation Arah perambstan 13. Diagram 8 shows plane water wayes travelling towards an L-shaped barrier in a ripple tank jah 8 menunjukkan gelombang air satah bergerak menuju sebuah halangan yang berbentuk-L dalam sebuah tangki riak. L-shaped banior Halangan brent vas Diagram 8 / Rajah 8 Which diagram shows the reflected wave pattern? Rejah manakah menunjukkan corak gelombang yang dipantuikan? A “a c Seca 83 Tr Physics Form 4 Chapter 5 Waves 14. Diagram 9 shows the direction of propagation of the incident waves approaching a concave reflector. Rajah 9 menunjukkan ara perambatan satu gelombang tyju menuju ke sebuah pemantul cekung. Direction of incident plane Concave reflector Arah gelombang a Seronane ) Diagram 9 / Rajah 9 Which of the following is cottect about the reflected waves? Antara berikut, yang manakah bbenar tentang pantulan gelombang itu? A. The reflected waves is in circular shape Pantulan gelombang itu adalah dalam bentuk bulat. B The speed of the reflected wave increases. Laju bagi pantulan sgelombang itu bertambah The frequency of the reflected wave is higher than the incident waves. Frokuensi bagi pantulan ‘golombang adalah iebit ‘besar daripada gelombang tu D The wavelength of the reflected wave is twice that of the incident waves. Panjang gelombang untuk pantulan gelombang adalah dua kali ganda daripada gelombang tuju (© Penerbitan Petangl Sdn. Bhd,[Physics Form 4 Chapters Waves 15. Which of the following diagrams shows the reflection of a water wave? Antara yang berikut, rajah yang ‘manakah menunjukkan pantulan bagi gelombang air? @ “oy ats 6 “hy 16, Diagram 10 shows a series of plane waves propagating towards a plane reflector. Rajah 10 menunjukkan sir gelombang satah yang merambat ke arah pemantul satah. Normal line Garis noma! Plane reflector { Pemantul satan Incident wave Golombang tuju Diagram 10 / Rajah 10 What are the angles of incidence and reflection? Apakah sudut tuju dan sudut pantulannya? © Ponertitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 17. A B = € 50° 40° D 50, -_ 50: Which of the following concerning the frequency and speed of a reflected wave is true? Antara yang berikut, yang ‘manakah mengenai frekuensi dan laju gelombang yang dipaniulkan adalah benar? A incident | incident wave wave Sema Kurang seperti | daripada golombang gelombang ‘uj tyju B | Less Same than the as the incident incident wave wave | Kurang Sama deripada seperti gelombang | © than the | than the incident | incident wave wave | Kurang Kurang daripade —_darivada gelombang | galombang tuju tuju D [Same ‘Same as the asthe | incident | incident | wave wave | ‘Same |Sama seperti | seperti gelombang | gelombang tyu tua 84 Refraction of Waves Pembiason Gelombang 18. 19. Diagram 11 shows a refraction of a water wave. Rajah 11 menunjukkan pembiasan gelombang sir. Deep water Shallow water Air dalam Air cotok Diagram 11 / Rajah 14 From the above phenomena, which physical quantity does not change? Daripada fenomena di atas, kuantiti fizik manakah yang tidak berubeh? A. Velocity Halaju B Amplitude Amplitud C Frequency Frokuensi D Wavelength Panjang gelombang Diagram 12 shows propagation of water waves from region X to region Y. Rajah 12 menunjukkan perambatam gelombang air dari kawasan X ke kawasan Y. Y Ks Diagram 12 / Rajah 12 Which of the following is the correct comparison of the wave speed and depth of water in X and ¥? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah perbandingan yang >benar mengensi kelajuan ¢gelombang dan kedelaman air di X dan ¥?Zi. Physies Form 4 chapors waves SS) Wass Dat Rajah 14 monunjukkan Motor i pperambatan gelombang air dari Motor Be. ae kawasan dalam ko kawacan hear jensen ccatek. Laju gelombang air di | getombang. a kawasan dalam ialah 36 cm s* al as, X>¥ dan 27 cm s" oj kawasan colek v,> | 36oms" Teme Bl ovoy [xy |) sss y, - Cl] ys¥Y || pilwe Xer 4 Diagram 16 / Rajah 16 - a Which of the following Diagram 13 shows wave | diagrams shows the correct patterns produced in a ripple wave front when the motor is tank by a circular vibrator at S. switched on? , <—_____ + _, Rajah 12 menunjukkan corak \*Deoene etapa? Antara gambar rajah berikut, gelombang yang dinasikan 1 Kowasan delom —: Kawasen cook! ‘yang manakah monunjukkan dalam tangki riak oleh penggetar bulatan ai S. Diagram 13 / Rajah 13 Which of the following statements is true? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang ‘manokah adalah benar’? ‘A. Region X is deeper than region Kawasan X lebih dalam daripada kawasan ¥ Region ¥ is deeper than region X Kawasan Y lebih dalam derjpada kawasan x Both regions X and Y have uniform depth Kedua-dua kawasan X dan Y ‘mempunyai kedalaman yang soragam. The speed of the wave in region X is greater than the speed in region ¥. Kelajuan gelombang di kawasan X lebih besar daripada kelajuan di kawasan Y. Diagram 14 shows the propagation of water waves from deep area to shallow area ‘The speed of water waves in deep areas is 36 em 5” and in shallow area is 27 em, Diagram 14 / Rajah 14 ‘What is the wavelength of the water waves in shallow area? Berapakah panjang golombeng bagi gelombang air di kawasan cetek? A 2.25cm C 3.00cm B 400cm D 675em Diagram 15 shows plane water wave entering a shallow region of a ripple tank. Which of the following is the direction of wave propagation in the shallow region? Rajah 15 menunjukkan gelombang air satah memasuki kawasan cetek tangki riak, Antara vyeng berkut, yang manakah arah perambatan gelombang d kawasan cetek? 8B Diagram 15 / Rajah 15 5 Diagram 16 shows the apparatus used to produce plane waves on the surface of water. Rajah 16 menunjukkan radas yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan gelombang pesawat di permukaan air, 85 behagian gelombang yang betu! apabila motor dihidupkan? HII “LAI ‘il Diffraction of Waves Pembelouan Gelombang 24, Diagram 17 shows one property of water waves. Rajah 17 menunjukkan satu sitet gelombang air. Diagram 17 / Rajah 17 © Penerbitan Potangi Sdn. Bhi,Sipnysies Forms cnectors waves The effect of this property is influenced by Kesan daripada sifat ini dipangaruhi oleh A. water depth. kedalaman air. B_ water wave amplitude. amplitud gelombang air. C size of gap. saiz celah, D_ water waves pattern. bentuk gelombang air. 25. Which of the following will change when water waves pass through a narrow gap? Antara yang berikut, yang menakeh akan berubah apabila gelombang air melalui celan sempit? A. Frequency Frekuensi Amplitude Amplitud Speed Laju Wavelength Panjang gelombang a 9 Diagram 18 shows a toy boat behind a barrier in a ripple tank. Rajah 18 menunjukkan sebuah bot mainen di belakang penghalang dalam tangki riak Concrete barrier Hatangan konkrt Diagram 18 / Rajah 18 ‘The boat moves up and down after the waves pass the barrier. This is due to Bot bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah selepas gelombang ‘melepasi halangan. Heal inl disebabkan oleh A. reflection. peniulan. B refraction. pembiasan. © Penerbitan Polangi Sdn. Bhd. 27. C diffraction. pembelauan. D interference. interferens. ‘What quantity decreases when wave propagate through a gap? Apakah kuantit! yang berkurang ‘apabila suatu gelombang ‘merambat melalui suatu celah? A Speed Laju B Frequency Frekuensi C Energy Tenaga D Wavelength Panjang gelombang Diagram 19 shows water waves propagate from the sea to the shore. Rajah 19 menunjukkan gelombang air merambat dart laut ke pantal. Diagram 19 / Rajah 19 Which wave properties at headland and bay are correct? Giri-ciri gelombang manakah di fanjung dan di teluk yang betul? Headland | Bay Tanjung | Teluk A [Energy is | Wavelength | dispersed jis longer Tenaga Panjang disebarkan —_|gelombang | lebih panjang B |Energy is Wavelength focused —_is shorter Tenaga Panjang ditumpukan \gelombang lebih pendek 86 C [Wavelength is longer |Panjang \gelombang lebih panjang D |Wavelength is shorter Panjang lgelombang \ebin pendek Energy is focused Tenege iditumpukan [Energy is dispersed Tenaga \disebarkan Interference of Waves Interferens Gelombang 29, Diagram 20 shows an interference pattern of water waves from two coherent sources P and Q. Which point is the node? Rajah 20 menunjukkan corak interferens gelombang air dari dua sumber koheren P dan Q. Tk manakah adalah nod? Diagram 20 / Rajah 20 30, Diagram 21 shows the phenomenon of interference of water waves. Rajah 21 menunjukkan fenomena interferens gelombang air. LISSA SS CTS bk 16em—>| Diagram 21 / Rajah 21 What is the wavelength of the water waves? Apakah panjang gelombang bagi gelombang air tersebut? A 08cm B 12cm C 32cm D 50cm31. Diagram 22 shows yellow fringes formed by Young's double-slits experiment. Rajah 22 menunjukkan pinggir kuning yang terbentuk dari eksperimen dwi-celah Young. ‘Yellow fringes Pragal-pinggi kuning TT. Diagram 22 / Rajah 22 The separation between fringes can be increased by Pemisahan antara pinggir boleh ditingketkan dengan A. increasing the separation distance between slits. meningkatkan jarak pemisahan antara colah. B replacing the yellow light with red light, ‘menggantikan cahaya kuning ‘dengan cahaya merah, C increasing the intensity of the yellow light. meningkatkan keamatan cahaya kuning. D decreasing the distance between double-slits and the screen. ‘mengurangken jarak antera dwi-celah dan skrin. 32. Diagram 23 shows the position of loud and soft sounds produced along the line PQ when the audio signal generator is switched on. Rajah 23 menunjukkan ‘kedudukan bunyi yang kuat dan lemah yang dihasilkan di sepaniang garis PQ apabifa panijana isyarat audio dihidupken. Loudspeaker Diagram 23 / Rajah 23 The distance between consecutive loud sounds, x, will increase if Jarak antare bunyi kuat bertuns- turut, x, akan meningkat jika A Mis increased. M bortambah. B fis increased. f bertambah. C Lis decreased 4 berkurang. D bis increased » bertambah. The interference patterns produced by white light through three different filters P, Q and R are observed. Table 1 shows the interference patterns. Corak interferens yang dinasikan ‘leh gelombang cahaya putin ‘melalui tiga penapis berboza P,Q dan R diperhati. Jadual 1 ‘menunjukkan corak-corak tersebue Interference Filter : Pomepis Corak interferons Physies Form 4 chapters waves S| Electromagnetic Waves Gelombang Elektromagnet 34. Which of the following characteristics of microwave makes it suitable to be used in satellite communication? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah cir-ciri gelombang ‘mikro yang menjadikannya ssesuai digunakan dalam komurikasi satelit? A. Itis neutral fa adalah neutral B_Ithas a high frequency Ja mempunyai frekuensi yang tinggi C_Ithas a long wavelength fa. mempunyai panjang gelombang yang panjang D Itneeds a medium to propagate la memerlukan medium untuk merambat 35. Which is not a property of an electromagnetic wave? Yang manakah bukan sifat bagi gelombang elekromagnet? A Itis a tranverse wave Ja adalah geliombang ‘melintang B tis a longitudinal wave la adateh gelombang membujur It can travel through vacuum Ja boleh bergerak melalu vakum D_ It can travel through air la boleh bergerak melalui udara 36. Diagram 24 shows part of an electromagnetic spectrum. Rajah 24 menunjukkan Sebahagian deripada spektrum ‘elektromegnet. Visible light Cahaya tampak Table 1 / Jadual 1 What is the colour of the filter P,Q and R? Apakah wama penapis P,Q dan R? iP: @ Rk A | Blue | Red | Violet | Bir | Moran | Ungu B | Violet | Blue | Red Ungu | Bia | Merah C | Red | Blue | Violet Merah | Biru | Ungu D | Violet | Red | Blue Ungu | Merah | Bir 87 Diagram 24 / Rajah 24 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd,Physics Form 4 Chapler 5 Waves What is the waves 38. Which of the following 39. Which of the following represented by P and Q? cannot travel through electromagnetic waves has Apakeh gelombang yang vacuum? the lowest frequency? ms y ditunjukkan oleh P dan Q? ‘Antara yang berikut, yang | ‘Antara gelombang elektromagnet a ae a manekah tidak boleh merambat bbenkut, yang manakah mempunyai E Heuorensn? frekuens| terendah? A. Ultraviolet [Microwaves eg adelive A Xray rays \Gelombang Gelombang mikro Shas Sinar rmikro B Radio wave By Bhwsligtt jatraungu Gelombeng radio Cabaye bina B Gamma Infrared © Sound wave (Ga Sount ways! | Gelombang bunyi ramp a ays pp D tien D Microwave argame_|Sinar rays , | intramerah Sinar-X elaraieTg. omit © Microwaves |Gamma _ - |(Gelombang |rays 40. | P- [Can cause sunburns Imikro Sitar gama | Bolen monyebebkan kult melecur itr G @ | Used in burglar alarms - Peee sag igunakan sebagei penggera kesblamatan ‘Sinar Sinar game R | Used to cook quickly utraungu Digunaken untuk memasak dengan cepat ‘S| Radiotherapy 37. Which is the correct Radioterepi be atric ed What are the waves P, Q, R and S? waves in order of increasing De om tong oad crn 8 & Rete St frequency? = ‘Susunan manakah yang betul = 2 z S bagi ge!ombang elektromagnet A [Ultraviolet Microwaves Infrared rays | Gamma rays dam nurtan frekuensi yang ray Gelombang _Sinar inframerah | Sinar gama Siar uitraungu ATO A. Ultraviolet rays, gamma ‘ee i 4 : ‘aa aiciemeaves, B Ultraviolet Infrared rays | Microwaves | Gamma rays aie | rays Sinar inframerah| Gelombang | Sinar gama Sinar utraungu, sinar game, | Sinarutroungu | mikro goronbeng mio Seer | © |Microwaves |Gamma rays |Ultraviolet | Infrared rays pee Goiombang | Sinar gama | rays ‘Sinar inframerah B_ Microwaves, infrared ‘mikro Sinar ultraungu | rays, ultraviolet rays, — 1 E fst, tial D Infrared rays Gamma rays [Microwaves | Ultraviolet ee net ha Sinarinramerah Sinar gama |Gelombang | rays inframerah, sinar ultraungu, | mitro ‘Sinar ultraungu sinar gama CC Gamma rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, microwaves Siner gama, sinar utraungu, sinarinfamereh, gelombang riikro D_ Infrared rays, | microwaves, gamma rays, | ultraviolet rays Sinar inframerah, gefombang ‘miko, sinar gama, sinar uiltraungu (© Penerbitan Pelangl San. Bha. 88