NERACA MASSA PABRIK BENZENE DARI TOLUEN

DENGAN KAPASITAS 270.000 TON PER TAHUN

I. Neraca massa basis

MIXER 1

Vaporizer berfungsi untuk mengubah fase Toluen dari fase cair menjadi fase uap. Digunakan Vaporizer
dengan type Kettle sehingga tanpa menggunakan alat pemisah uap cair yaitu separator

Untuk mengurangi tingkat kesalahan yang tinggi dalam perhitungan neraca massa maka diguanakan
basis perhitungan yaitu 100 Kmol/jam Toluen dalam umpan reaktor

1. Umpan segar Toluena ( Kemurnian 99% berat) ( F1)

Basis perhitungan toluena = 100 kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 100 92
= 9200 Kg/jam

Kemurnian 99 % berat. Maka

Benzena = 1 9200 Kg/jam

99
= 92.9292929 Kg/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 92.9292929
78
= 1.19140119 Kmol/jam

sehingga diperoleh komposisi umpan segar C6H5CH3 :

C6H5CH3 = 100.0000 Kmol/jam = 9200.0000 Kg/jam

C6H6 = 1.1914 Kmol/jam = 92.9293 Kg/jam
101.1914 9292.9293

Keluar dari Vaporizer berupa toluen yang berfase uap dengan komposisi yang sama

maka diperoleh komposisi hasil penguapan vaporizer :

C6H5CH3 = 100.0000 Kmol/jam = 9200.0000 Kg/jam

C6H6 = 1.1914 Kmol/jam = 92.9293 Kg/jam
101.1914 9292.9293

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
 Komponen
Umpan Uap
C6H6 92.9293 92.9293
C6H5CH3 9200.0000 9200.0000
9292.9293 9292.9293

REAKTOR

1. Umpan Toluena dari Vaporizer ( F1)

C6H5CH3 = 100.0000 Kmol/jam = 9200.0000 Kg/jam

C6H6 = 1.1914 Kmol/jam = 92.9293 Kg/jam
101.1914 9292.9293

2. Umpan segar Hidrogen ( Kemurnian 98% mol ) ( F2 )

Dari data US Patent diperoleh perbandingan H2 : C6H5CH3 = 5

mol H2 5
=
mol C6H5CH3 1

mol H2 5
=
100.0000 1

mol H2 = 5 100.0000
= 500.0000 Kmol/jam (BM = 2 )
= 1000.0000 Kg/jam

Kemurnian gas Hidrogen sebesar 98 % mol dengan Impuritis CH4 sebesar 2 % mol

CH4 = 2 500.0000 Kmol/jam

98
= 10.2040816 Kmol/jam (BM = 16 )
 = 163.265306 Kg/jam

sehingga diperoleh komposisi gas H2

H2 = 500.0000 Kmol/jam = 1000.0000 Kg/jam

CH4 = 10.2041 Kmol/jam = 163.2653 Kg/jam
510.2041 1163.2653

3. Komposisi total umpan

Komposisi total umpan masuk reaktor :

H2 = 500.0000 Kmol/jam = 1000.0000 Kg/jam
CH4 = 10.2041 Kmol/jam = 163.2653 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 1.1914 Kmol/jam = 92.9293 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 100.0000 Kmol/jam = 9200.0000 Kg/jam
611.3955 10456.1946

Reaksi yang terjadi

I . C6H5CH3 + H2 -----------------> C6H6 + CH4 S1 = 0.92

II. C6H5CH3 ------------------> 0,5 C6H6 + 0,5 C6H4(CH3)2 S2 = 0.08

Konversi XA = 0.9
(1 - XA) = 0.1

maka

C6H5CH3 = nAo (1 - XA)

= 100.0000 0.1
= 10 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 920 Kg/jam

H2 = nBo - nAo XA S1
= 500.0000 - 100.0000 0.9 0.92
= 417.2 Kmol/jam (BM = 2 )
= 834.4 Kg/jam

C6H6 = nCo + nAo XA (S1 + 0,5 S2)

= 1.1914 + 100.0000 0.9 0.96
= 87.5914012 Kmol/jam (BM = 78 )
= 6832.12929 Kg/jam

CH4 = nDo + nAo XA S1

= 10.2041 + 100.0000 0.9 0.92
= 93.0040816 Kmol/jam (BM = 16 )
= 1488.06531 Kg/jam

C6H4(CH3)2 = nEo + 0,5 nAo XA S2

 = 0.0000 + 0,5 100.0000 0.9 0.08
= 3.6 Kmol/jam (BM = 106 )
= 381.6 Kg/jam

4. Komposisi hasil reaksi ( F3 )

H2 = 417.2 Kmol/jam = 834.4000 Kg/jam

CH4 = 93.0040816 Kmol/jam = 1488.0653 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 87.5914012 Kmol/jam = 6832.1293 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 10 Kmol/jam = 920.0000 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.6 Kmol/jam = 381.6000 Kg/jam
611.395483 10456.1946

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F1 F2 F3
H2 1000.0000 834.4000
CH4 163.2653 1488.0653
C6H6 92.9293 6832.1293
C6H5CH3 9200.0000 920.0000
C6H4(CH3)2 381.6000
9292.9293 1163.2653 10456.1946
10456.1946 10456.1946

SEPARATOR

1. Umpan masuk separator ( F3 )

H2 = 417.2000 Kmol/jam = 834.4000 Kg/jam

CH4 = 93.0041 Kmol/jam = 1488.0653 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 87.5914 Kmol/jam = 6832.1293 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 10.0000 Kmol/jam = 920.0000 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.6000 Kmol/jam = 381.6000 Kg/jam
611.3955 10456.1946

diharapkan 99,9 % C6H6 mengembun dalam condenser partial.dan dipisahkan dalam separator
sehingga C6H6 yang mengembun = 0.999 87.5914 Kmol/jam
= 87.5038 Kmol/jam

Perhitungan kesetimbangan fas uap cair dalam separator :

Dalam kesetimbangan fase uap-cair H2 dan CH4 dalam bentuk gas sehingga tidak mengalami kesetimbangan
fase uap cair disebut juga sebagai Non Condensable. Sementara toluen, benzene dan xylene dalam bentuk uap
atau disebut Condensable.

Tekanan total = 6.5 atm

Total mol = 611.3955 Kmol/jam

417.2000 + 93.0041
Tekanan Non Condensable = x 6.5
611.3955

= 5.4242 atm

87.5914 + 10.0000 + 3.6000

Tekanan Condensable (Pt) =
611.3955

= 1.0758 atm

= 817.6140 mmHg

Untuk mengetahui suhu akhir pengambunan dan komposisi fase cair dan uap harus di lakukan dengan cara coba-coba
dengan alur sebagai berikut :

MULAI

Trial T

Hitung Po :
Po C6H6 = exp (A-B/T+C)) Input Pt
Po C6H5CH3 = exp (A-B/T+C))
Po C6H4(CH3)2 = exp(A-B/T+C))

Hitung K :
K C6H6 = Po C6H6 / Pt
K C6H5CH3 = Po C6H5CH3 / Pt
K C6H4(CH3)2 = Po C6H5(CH3)2 / Pt

Hitung V :
V C6H6 = F C6H6/( (L/V) / K +1 ) Trial (L/V)
V C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3/( (L/V) / K +1 ) coba
V C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2/( (L/V) / K +1 )
 Hitung V :
V C6H6 = F C6H6/( (L/V) / K +1 )
V C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3/( (L/V) / K +1 )
V C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2/( (L/V) / K +1 )

Hitung L :
L C6H6 = F C6H6 - V C6H6
L C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3 - V C6H5CH3
L C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2 - V C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung S V :
S V = V C6H6 + V C6H5CH3
+ V C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung S L :
S L = L C6H6 + L C6H5CH3
+ L C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung (L/V) hitung :

(L/V) hitung = S L / S V

Tidak Apakah
(L/V) hitung = (L/v) coba
?

Ya

Apakah
L C6H6 = 0.999 x F C6H6
?
 Apakah
L C6H6 = 0.999 x F C6H6
?

Ya

Diperoleh :
Komposisi uap :
H2
CH4
VC6H6
VC6H5CH3
VC6H4(CH3)2

Komposisi cair
L C6H6
L C6H5CH3
L C6H4(CH3)2

SELESAI

Data tekanan uap Antoine

Komponen Kgmol/j A B C
C6H6 87.5914 15.9008 2788.53 -52.36
C6H5CH3 10.0000 16.0137 3096.52 -53.67
C6H4(CH3)2 3.6000 16.0963 3366.99 -57.84
101.1914

Dicoba : T coba = 358.800189 oK

(L/V) coba = 1098.18218
Pt = 817.6140 mmHg
C6H6 fase cair = 87.5038 Kmol/jam

1. Menghitung Po

2788.53
Po C6H6 = exp ( 15.9008 -
358.800189 + -52.36

= 898.787924 mmHg

3096.52
Po C6H6 = exp ( 16.0137 -
358.800189 + -53.67
 = 352.660969 mmHg

3366.99
Po C6H6 = exp ( 16.0963 -
358.800189 + -57.84

= 135.477698 mmHg

2. menghitung K

898.7879
K C6H6 =
817.6140

= 1.0993

352.6610
K C6H5CH3 =
817.6140

= 0.4313

135.4777
K C6H4(CH3)2 =
817.6140

= 0.1657

3. Menghitung V

F C6H6
V C6H6 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )

87.5914
=
1098.1822
+ 1
1.0993

= 0.0876 Kmol/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 6.8321 Kg/jam

F C6H5CH3
V C6H5CH3 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )

10.0000
=
1098.1822
+ 1
0.4313

= 0.0039 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 0.3612 Kg/jam

F C6H4(CH3)2
V C6H4(CH3)2 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )
 3.6000
=
1098.1822
+ 1
0.1657

= 0.0005 Kmol/jam ( BM = 106 )

= 0.0576 Kg/jam

4. Menghitung L

L C6H6 = F C6H6 - V C6H6

= 87.5914 - 0.0876

= 87.5038 Kmol/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 6825.2972 Kg/jam

L C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3 - V C6H5CH3

= 10.0000 - 0.0039

= 9.9961 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 919.6388 Kg/jam

L C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2 - V C6H4(CH3)2

= 3.6000 - 0.0005

= 3.5995 Kmol/jam ( BM = 106 )

= 381.5424 Kg/jam

5. Menghitung S L dan S V

V C6H6 = 0.0876
V C6H5CH3 = 0.0039
V C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0005
SV = 0.0921

L C6H6 = 87.5038
L C6H5CH3 = 9.9961
L C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995
SL = 101.0993

101.0993
( L/V ) hitung =
0.0921
 = 1098.18218 ( sama dengan ( L/V ) coba = 1098.18218

dan

C6H6 fase cair = 87.5038 Kmol/jam ( sama dengan 99,9 % C6H6 terhadap umpan )

Sehingga diperoleh :

Komposisi Gas ( F4 )

H2 = 417.2000 Kmol/jam = 834.4000 Kg/jam

CH4 = 93.0041 Kmol/jam = 1488.0653 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 0.0876 Kmol/jam = 6.8321 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 0.0039 Kmol/jam = 0.3612 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0005 Kmol/jam = 0.0576 Kg/jam
510.2961 2329.7162

Komposisi Cair ( F5 )
C6H6 = 87.5038 Kmol/jam = 6825.2972 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 9.9961 Kmol/jam = 919.6388 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 Kmol/jam = 381.5424 Kg/jam
101.0993 8126.4784

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F3 F4 F5
H2 834.4000 834.4000
CH4 1488.0653 1488.0653
C6H6 6832.1293 6.8321 6825.2972
C6H5CH3 920.0000 0.3612 919.6388
C6H4(CH3)2 381.6000 0.0576 381.5424
10456.1946 2329.7162 8126.47839
10456.1946 10456.1946

MENARA DISTILASI I

1. Umpan masuk ( F5 )

C6H6 = 87.5038 Kmol/jam = 6825.2972 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.9961 Kmol/jam = 919.6388 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 Kmol/jam = 381.5424 Kg/jam
101.0993 8126.4784

Asumsi :

- Diharapkan 99,5% C6H6 sebagai hasil atas

- Kemurnian hasil atas 99,8%

2. Komposisi hasil atas ( Produk akhir ) ( F6 )

C6H6 = 0.995 87.5038 Kgmol/jam

= 87.0663 Kgmol/jam ( BM = 78 )
= 6791.1707 Kg/jam

C7H8 = 0,2/99,8 6791.17068 Kg/jam

= 13.6096 Kg/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 0.1479 Kgmol/jam

Jadi diperoleh :

C6H6 = 87.0663 Kmol/jam = 6791.1707 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 0.1479 Kmol/jam = 13.6096 Kg/jam
87.2142 6804.7802

3. Komposisi Hasil bawah ( F7 )

C6H6 = 87.5038 - 87.0663 = 0.4375 Kmol/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.9961 - 0.1479 = 9.8481 Kmol/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 - 0.0000 = 3.5995 Kmol/jam
13.8851 Kmol/jam

C6H6 = 0.4375 78 = 34.1265 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8481 92 = 906.0292 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 106 = 381.5424 Kg/jam
1321.6982 Kg/jam
Jadi diperoleh :

C6H6 = 0.4375 Kmol/jam = 34.1265 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8481 Kmol/jam = 906.0292 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 Kmol/jam = 381.5424 Kg/jam
13.8851 1321.6982

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F5 F6 F7
C6H6 6825.2972 6791.1707 34.1265
C6H5CH3 919.6388 13.6096 906.0292
C6H4(CH3)2 381.5424 381.5424
8126.4784 6804.7802 1321.6982
8126.4784 8126.4784
MENARA DISTILASI II

1. Umpan masuk ( F7 )

C6H6 = 0.4375 Kmol/jam = 34.1265 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8481 Kmol/jam = 906.0292 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 Kmol/jam = 381.5424 Kg/jam
13.8851 1321.6982

Asumsi :

- Diharapkan 99,5% C6H4(CH3)2 sebagai hasil bawah

- Kemurnian hasil bawah 99 %

2. Komposisi hasil bawah ( F9 )

C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.995 3.5995 Kgmol/jam

= 3.5815 Kgmol/jam ( BM = 106 )
= 379.6347 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 1/99 379.634719 Kg/jam

= 3.8347 Kg/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 0.0417 Kgmol/jam

Sehingga diperoleh hasil bawah :

C6H5CH3 = 0.0417 Kmol/jam = 3.8347 Kg/jam

C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5815 Kmol/jam = 379.6347 Kg/jam
3.6231 383.4694

3. Komposisi Hasil atas ( Recycle ) ( F8 )

C6H6 = 0.4375 - 0.0000 = 0.4375 Kmol/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8481 - 0.0417 = 9.8065 Kmol/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 3.5995 - 3.5815 = 0.0180 Kmol/jam
10.2620 Kmol/jam

C6H6 = 0.4375 78 = 34.1265 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8065 92 = 902.1945 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0180 106 = 1.9077 Kg/jam
938.2287 Kg/jam

Sehingga diperoleh hasil atas :

C6H6 = 0.4375 Kmol/jam = 34.1265 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 9.8065 Kmol/jam = 902.1945 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0180 Kmol/jam = 1.9077 Kg/jam
10.2620 938.2287
Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F7 F8 F9
C6H6 34.1265 34.1265
C6H5CH3 906.0292 902.1945 3.8347
C6H4(CH3)2 381.5424 1.9077 379.6347
1321.6982 938.2287 383.4694
1321.6982 1321.6982

Neraca massa Overall

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F1 F2 F4 F6 F8 F9
H2 1000.0000 834.4000 6791.1707
CH4 163.2653 1488.0653 13.6096
C6H6 92.9293 6.8321 34.1265
C6H5CH3 9200.0000 0.3612 902.1945 3.8347
C6H4(CH3)2 0.0576 1.9077 379.6347
9292.9293 1163.2653 2329.7162 6804.78024 938.2287 383.4694
10456.1946 10456.1946
The hydrogen to aromatic hydrocarbon mol ratio in the feed at the inlet of the reactor is 5.0. The reactor has a volume of 2600
esetimbangan
alam bentuk uap
 atm

x 6.5 atm

engan cara coba-coba

Input Pt

Trial (L/V)
coba
Tidak
)

)
)
 ) 0.00016813

erhadap umpan ) 1.5288E-06

eactor has a volume of 2600 cubic feet. The reactor is operated at an inlet temperature of about 1110 F. and a pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. The
essure of 500 p.s.i.g. The nominal residence or hold ing time in the reactor is about 65 seconds. The effluent is withdrawn from the reactor a
hdrawn from the reactor at a temperature of about 1330 F. The conversion of aromatics in the feed is about 90% per pass and the benzene
per pass and the benzene selectivity is 92 mol per Cent. (US Patent 3,340,318)
II. Neraca massa kapasitas

Kapasitas = 270000 Ton / tahun

= 34090.9091 Kg/jam

Produk Toluen ( Basis) = 6804.78024 Kg/jam ( basis )

Faktor pengali = 34090.9091

6804.78024

= 5.00984718

Maka diperoleh perhitungan neraca massa kapasitas :

VAPORIZER

Vaporizer berfungsi untuk mengubah fase Toluen dari fase cair menjadi fase uap. Digunakan Vaporizer
dengan type Kettle sehingga tanpa menggunakan alat pemisah uap cair yaitu separator

1. Umpan segar Toluena ( Kemurnian 99% berat) ( F1 )

Basis perhitungan C6H5CH3 = 500.984718 kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 500.984718 92
= 46090.5941 Kg/jam

Kemurnian 99 % berat. Maka

C6H6 = 1 46090.5941 Kg/jam

99
= 465.561556 Kg/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 465.561556
78
= 5.9687379 Kmol/jam

sehingga diperoleh komposisi umpan segar C6H5CH3 :

C6H5CH3 = 500.9847 Kmol/jam = 46090.5941 Kg/jam

C6H6 = 5.9687 Kmol/jam = 465.5616 Kg/jam
506.9535 46556.1556

Keluar dari Vaporizer berupa toluen yang berfase uap dengan komposisi yang sama

maka diperoleh komposisi hasil penguapan vaporizer :

C6H5CH3 = 500.9847 Kmol/jam = 46090.5941 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 5.9687 Kmol/jam = 465.5616 Kg/jam
506.9535 46556.1556

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
Umpan Uap
C6H6 465.5616 465.5616
C6H5CH3 46090.5941 46090.5941
46556.1556 46556.1556

REAKTOR

1. Umpan Toluena dari Vaporizer ( F1)

C6H5CH3 = 500.9847 Kmol/jam = 46090.5941 Kg/jam

C6H6 = 5.9687 Kmol/jam = 465.5616 Kg/jam
506.9535 46556.1556

2. Umpan segar Hidrogen ( Kemurnian 98% mol ) ( F2 )

Dari data US Patent diperoleh perbandingan H2 : C6H5CH3 = 5

mol H2 5
=
mol C6H5CH3 1

mol H2 5
=
500.9847 1

mol H2 = 5 500.9847
= 2504.9236 Kmol/jam (BM = 2 )
= 5009.8472 Kg/jam

Kemurnian gas Hidrogen sebesar 98 % mol dengan Impuritis CH4 sebesar 2 % mol

CH4 = 2 2504.9236 Kmol/jam

98
= 51.1208896 Kmol/jam (BM = 16 )
= 817.934234 Kg/jam

sehingga diperoleh komposisi gas H2

H2 = 2504.9236 Kmol/jam = 5009.8472 Kg/jam

CH4 = 51.1209 Kmol/jam = 817.9342 Kg/jam
 2556.0445 5827.7814

3. Komposisi total umpan

Komposisi total umpan masuk reaktor :

H2 = 2504.9236 Kmol/jam = 5009.8472 Kg/jam
CH4 = 51.1209 Kmol/jam = 817.9342 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 5.9687 Kmol/jam = 465.5616 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 500.9847 Kmol/jam = 46090.5941 Kg/jam
3062.9979 52383.9370

Reaksi yang terjadi

I . C6H5CH3 + H2 -----------------> C6H6 + CH4 S1 = 0.92

II. C6H5CH3 ------------------> 0,5 C6H6 + 0,5 C6H4(CH3)2 S2 = 0.08

Konversi XA = 0.9
(1 - XA) = 0.1

maka

C6H5CH3 = nAo (1 - XA)

= 500.9847 0.1
= 50.0985 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 4609.0594 Kg/jam

H2 = nBo - nAo XA S1
= 2504.9236 - 500.9847 0.9 0.92
= 2090.1082 Kmol/jam (BM = 2 )
= 4180.2165 Kg/jam

C6H6 = nCo + nAo XA (S1 + 0,5 S2)

= 5.9687 + 500.9847 0.9 0.96
= 438.8195 Kmol/jam (BM = 78 )
= 34227.9237 Kg/jam

CH4 = nDo + nAo XA S1

= 51.1209 + 500.9847 0.9 0.92
= 465.9362 Kmol/jam (BM = 16 )
= 7454.9798 Kg/jam

C6H4(CH3)2 = nEo + 0,5 nAo XA S2

= 0.0000 + 0,5 500.9847 0.9 0.08
= 18.0354 Kmol/jam (BM = 106 )
= 1911.7577 Kg/jam

4. Komposisi hasil reaksi ( F3 )

H2 = 2090.1082 Kmol/jam = 4180.2165 Kg/jam
CH4 = 465.9362 Kmol/jam = 7454.9798 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 438.8195 Kmol/jam = 34227.9237 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 50.0985 Kmol/jam = 4609.0594 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0354 Kmol/jam = 1911.7577 Kg/jam
3062.9979 52383.9370

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F1 F2 F3
H2 5009.8472 4180.2165
CH4 817.9342 7454.9798
C6H6 465.5616 34227.9237
C6H5CH3 46090.5941 4609.0594
C6H4(CH3)2 1911.7577
46556.1556 5827.7814 52383.9370
52383.9370 52383.9370

SEPARATOR

1. Umpan masuk separator ( F3 )

H2 = 2090.1082 Kmol/jam = 4180.2165 Kg/jam

CH4 = 465.9362 Kmol/jam = 7454.9798 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 438.8195 Kmol/jam = 34227.9237 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 50.0985 Kmol/jam = 4609.0594 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0354 Kmol/jam = 1911.7577 Kg/jam
3062.9979 52383.937

diharapkan 99,9 % C6H6 mengembun dalam condenser partial.dan dipisahkan dalam separator
sehingga C6H6 yang mengembun = 0.999 438.8195 Kmol/jam
= 438.3807 Kmol/jam

Perhitungan kesetimbangan fas uap cair dalam separator :

Dalam kesetimbangan fase uap-cair H2 dan CH4 dalam bentuk gas sehingga tidak mengalami kesetimbangan
fase uap cair disebut juga sebagai Non Condensable. Sementara toluen, benzene dan xylene dalam bentuk uap
atau disebut Condensable.

Tekanan total = 6.5 atm

Total mol = 3062.9979 Kmol/jam

2090.1082 + 465.9362
Tekanan Non Condensable = x 6.5
3062.9979

= 5.4242 atm
 438.8195 + 50.0985 + 18.0354
Tekanan Condensable (Pt) =
3062.9979

= 1.0758 atm

= 817.6140 mmHg

Untuk mengetahui suhu akhir pengambunan dan komposisi fase cair dan uap harus di lakukan dengan cara coba-coba
dengan alur sebagai berikut :

MULAI

Trial T

Hitung Po :
Po C6H6 = exp (A-B/T+C)) Input Pt
Po C6H5CH3 = exp (A-B/T+C))
Po C6H4(CH3)2 = exp(A-B/T+C))

Hitung K :
K C6H6 = Po C6H6 / Pt
K C6H5CH3 = Po C6H5CH3 / Pt
K C6H4(CH3)2 = Po C6H5(CH3)2 / Pt

Hitung V :
V C6H6 = F C6H6/( (L/V) / K +1 ) Trial (L/V)
V C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3/( (L/V) / K +1 ) coba
V C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2/( (L/V) / K +1 )

Hitung L :
L C6H6 = F C6H6 - V C6H6
L C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3 - V C6H5CH3
L C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2 - V C6H4(CH3)2
 Hitung L :
L C6H6 = F C6H6 - V C6H6
L C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3 - V C6H5CH3
L C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2 - V C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung S V :
S V = V C6H6 + V C6H5CH3
+ V C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung S L :
S L = L C6H6 + L C6H5CH3
+ L C6H4(CH3)2

Hitung (L/V) hitung :

(L/V) hitung = S L / S V

Tidak Apakah
(L/V) hitung = (L/v) coba
?

Ya

Apakah
L C6H6 = 0.999 x F C6H6
?

Ya

Diperoleh :
Komposisi uap :
H2
CH4
VC6H6
VC6H5CH3
VC6H4(CH3)2
 Diperoleh :
Komposisi uap :
H2
CH4
VC6H6
VC6H5CH3
VC6H4(CH3)2

Komposisi cair
L C6H6
L C6H5CH3
L C6H4(CH3)2

SELESAI

Data tekanan uap Antoine

Komponen Kgmol/j A B C
C6H6 438.8195 15.9008 2788.53 -52.36
C6H5CH3 50.0985 16.0137 3096.52 -53.67
C6H4(CH3)2 18.0354 16.0963 3366.99 -57.84
506.9535

Dicoba : T coba = 358.800189 oK

(L/V) coba = 1098.18218
Pt = 817.6140 mmHg
C6H6 fase cair = 438.3807 Kmol/jam

1. Menghitung Po

2788.53
Po C6H6 = exp ( 15.9008 -
358.800189 + -52.36

= 898.787924 mmHg

3096.52
Po C6H6 = exp ( 16.0137 -
358.800189 + -53.67

= 352.660969 mmHg

3366.99
Po C6H6 = exp ( 16.0963 -
358.800189 + -57.84

= 135.477698 mmHg
2. menghitung K

898.7879
K C6H6 =
817.6140

= 1.0993

352.6610
K C6H5CH3 =
817.6140

= 0.4313

135.4777
K C6H4(CH3)2 =
817.6140

= 0.1657

3. Menghitung V

F C6H6
V C6H6 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )

438.8195
=
1098.1822
+ 1
1.0993

= 0.4388 Kmol/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 34.2279 Kg/jam

F C6H5CH3
V C6H5CH3 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )

50.0985
=
1098.1822
+ 1
0.4313

= 0.0197 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 1.8096 Kg/jam

F C6H4(CH3)2
V C6H4(CH3)2 =
( (L/V)/ K +1 )

18.0354
=
1098.1822
+ 1
0.1657

= 0.0027 Kmol/jam ( BM = 106 )

 = 0.2884 Kg/jam

4. Menghitung L

L C6H6 = F C6H6 - V C6H6

= 438.8195 - 0.4388

= 438.3807 Kmol/jam ( BM = 78 )

= 34193.6958 Kg/jam

L C6H5CH3 = F C6H5CH3 - V C6H5CH3

= 50.0985 - 0.0197

= 50.0788 Kmol/jam ( BM = 92 )

= 4607.2498 Kg/jam

L C6H4(CH3)2 = F C6H4(CH3)2 - V C6H4(CH3)2

= 18.0354 - 0.0027

= 18.0327 Kmol/jam ( BM = 106 )

= 1911.4693 Kg/jam

5. Menghitung S L dan S V

V C6H6 = 0.4388
V C6H5CH3 = 0.0197
V C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0027
SV = 0.4612

L C6H6 = 438.3807
L C6H5CH3 = 50.0788
L C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327
SL = 506.4922

506.4922
( L/V ) hitung =
0.4612

= 1098.1822 ( sama dengan ( L/V ) coba = 1098.1822

dan

C6H6 fase cair = 438.3807 Kmol/jam ( sama dengan 99,9 % C6H6 terhadap umpan )
Sehingga diperoleh :

Komposisi Gas ( F4 )

H2 = 2090.1082 Kmol/jam = 4180.2165 Kg/jam

CH4 = 465.9362 Kmol/jam = 7454.9798 Kg/jam
C6H6 = 0.4388 Kmol/jam = 34.2279 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 0.0197 Kmol/jam = 1.8096 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0027 Kmol/jam = 0.2884 Kg/jam
2556.5057 11671.5222

Komposisi Cair ( F5 )
C6H6 = 438.3807 Kmol/jam = 34193.6958 Kg/jam
C6H5CH3 = 50.0788 Kmol/jam = 4607.2498 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 Kmol/jam = 1911.4693 Kg/jam
506.4922 40712.4149

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F3 F4 F5
H2 4180.2165 4180.2165
CH4 7454.9798 7454.9798
C6H6 34227.9237 34.2279 34193.6958
C6H5CH3 4609.0594 1.8096 4607.2498
C6H4(CH3)2 1911.7577 0.2884 1911.4693
52383.9370 11671.5222 40712.4149
52383.9370 52383.9370

MENARA DISTILASI I

1. Umpan masuk ( F5 )

C6H6 = 438.3807 Kmol/jam = 34193.6958 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 50.0788 Kmol/jam = 4607.2498 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 Kmol/jam = 1911.4693 Kg/jam
506.4922 40712.4149

Asumsi :

- Diharapkan 99,5% C6H6 sebagai hasil atas

- Kemurnian hasil atas 99,8%

2. Komposisi hasil atas ( Produk akhir ) ( F6 )

C6H6 = 0.995 438.3807 Kgmol/jam

 = 436.1888 Kgmol/jam ( BM = 78 )
= 34022.7273 Kg/jam

C7H8 = 0,2/99,8 34022.7273 Kg/jam

= 68.1818 Kg/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 0.7411 Kgmol/jam

Jadi diperoleh :

C6H6 = 436.1888 Kmol/jam = 34022.7273 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 0.7411 Kmol/jam = 68.1818 Kg/jam
436.9299 34090.9091

3. Komposisi Hasil bawah ( F7 )

C6H6 = 438.3807 - 436.1888 = 2.1919 Kmol/jam

C6H5CH3 = 50.0788 - 0.7411 = 49.3377 Kmol/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 - 0.0000 = 18.0327 Kmol/jam
69.5623 Kmol/jam

C6H6 = 2.1919 78 = 170.9685 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.3377 92 = 4539.0680 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 106 = 1911.4693 Kg/jam
6621.5058 Kg/jam
Jadi diperoleh :

C6H6 = 2.1919 Kmol/jam = 170.9685 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.3377 Kmol/jam = 4539.0680 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 Kmol/jam = 1911.4693 Kg/jam
69.5623 6621.5058

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F5 F6 F7
C6H6 34193.6958 34022.7273 170.9685
C6H5CH3 4607.2498 68.1818 4539.0680
C6H4(CH3)2 1911.4693 1911.4693
40712.4149 34090.9091 6621.5058
40712.4149 40712.4149

MENARA DISTILASI II

1. Umpan masuk ( F7 )

C6H6 = 2.1919 Kmol/jam = 170.9685 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.3377 Kmol/jam = 4539.0680 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 Kmol/jam = 1911.4693 Kg/jam
69.5623 6621.5058

Asumsi :

- Diharapkan 99,5% C6H4(CH3)2 sebagai hasil bawah

- Kemurnian hasil bawah 99 %

2. Komposisi hasil bawah ( F9 )

C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.995 18.0327 Kgmol/jam

= 17.9426 Kgmol/jam ( BM = 106 )
= 1901.9119 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 1/99 1901.91193 Kg/jam

= 19.2112 Kg/jam ( BM = 92 )
= 0.2088 Kgmol/jam

Sehingga diperoleh hasil bawah :

C6H5CH3 = 0.2088 Kmol/jam = 19.2112 Kg/jam

C6H4(CH3)2 = 17.9426 Kmol/jam = 1901.9119 Kg/jam
18.1514 1921.1232

3. Komposisi Hasil atas ( Recycle ) ( F8 )

C6H6 = 2.1919 - 0.0000 = 2.1919 Kmol/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.3377 - 0.2088 = 49.1289 Kmol/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 18.0327 - 17.9426 = 0.0902 Kmol/jam
51.4109 Kmol/jam

C6H6 = 2.1919 78 = 170.9685 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.1289 92 = 4519.8568 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0902 106 = 9.5573 Kg/jam
4700.3826 Kg/jam

Sehingga diperoleh hasil atas :

C6H6 = 2.1919 Kmol/jam = 170.9685 Kg/jam

C6H5CH3 = 49.1289 Kmol/jam = 4519.8568 Kg/jam
C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.0902 Kmol/jam = 9.5573 Kg/jam
51.4109 4700.3826

Kesimpulan

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F7 F8 F9
C6H6 170.9685 170.9685
C6H5CH3 4539.0680 4519.8568 19.2112
C6H4(CH3)2 1911.4693 9.5573 1901.9119
6621.5058 4700.3826 1921.1232
6621.5058 6621.5058

Neraca massa Overall

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
F1 F2 F4 F6 F8 F9
H2 5009.8472
4180.2165 34022.7273
CH4 817.9342
7454.9798 68.1818
C6H6 465.5616 34.2279 170.9685
C6H5CH3 46090.5941 1.8096 4519.8568 19.2112
C6H4(CH3)2 0.2884 9.5573 1901.9119
46556.1556 5827.7814 11671.5222 34090.9091 4700.3826 1921.1232
52383.9370 52383.9370
esetimbangan
alam bentuk uap

atm
 x 6.5 atm

engan cara coba-coba

Input Pt

Trial (L/V)
coba
Tidak
)

)
 ) 0.00016813

erhadap umpan ) 7.6589E-06

DIAGRAM ALIR KUANTITATIF

Satuan : Kg / jam

H2 = 4180.2165
CH4 = 7454.9798
H2 = 5009.8472 C6H6 = 34.2279
CH4 = 817.9342 C6H5CH3 = 1.8096
5827.7814 C6H4(CH3)2 = 0.2884
11671.5222

F2
C6H6 = 34022.7273
C6H5CH3 = 68.1818
34090.9091

C6H6 = 170.9685
C6H5CH3 = 4519.8568
C6H4(CH3)2 = 9.5573
F4 F6 4700.3826

F8

VP R SP MD1 MD2
P = 2,5 atm P = 34 atm P = 1 atm P = 1 atm
P = 9 atm T = 80,3 oC - T = 109,9 oC -
T = 146,6 oC T = 600 oC T = 87,5 oC 118,3 oC 147,1 oC

F5 F7

F1 F3
F9

C6H6 = 465.5616 H2 = 4180.2165 C6H6 = 34193.6958 C6H6 = 170.9685

C6H5CH3 = 46090.5941 CH4 = 7454.9798 C6H5CH3 = 4607.2498 C6H5CH3 = 4539.0680 C6H5CH3 = 19.2112
46556.1556 C6H6 = 34227.9237 C6H4(CH3)2 = 1911.4693 C6H4(CH3)2 = 1911.4693 C6H4(CH3)2 = 1901.9119
C6H5CH3 = 4609.0594 40712.4149 6621.5058 1921.1232
C6H4(CH3)2 = 1911.7577
52383.9370
 T2
P = 34 atm
T = 158,44 oC

P = 34 atm
2 T = 235,8 oC
P = 10 atm
T = 30 oC

C1 C3

P = 2,5 atm
1 T = 146,6 oC

P = 2,5 atm
T = 146,6 oC

R
VP

T1 P = 1 atm
T = 30 oC
1
P1 P2

Nomor Arus
Komponen
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
H2
CH4
C6H6
C7H8
C8H10
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
 P = 34 atm
T = 214,97 oC

P = 9 atm
F T = 87,5 oC

P = 34 atm 4
T = 600 oC P = 9 atm
T = 94 oC

CL1 CDP

R P = 9 atm
T = 150 oC

P = 33 atm
T = 200 oC
SP
WHB
P = 33 atm
T = 550 oC
P = 9 atm
T = 87,5 oC
3

7 8 9
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
 P = 1 atm P = 1 atm
T = 80,3 oC CD1 T = 109,9 oC

P = 1 atm 6
T = 80,3 oC

AC1 P = 1 atm
T = 80,3 oC

P3
P = 1.05 atm P = 1 atm
T = 85 oC T = 80,3 oC

P = 1,1 atm
T = 118,3 oC

MD1 MD2

CL2

7 P = 1,2 atm
P = 1,1 atm T = 147,1 oC
T = 118,3 oC

RB1
5
P = 1,1 atm
T = 118,3 oC P = 1,2 atm P6
P = 9 atm P4
T = 87,5 oC T = 147,1 oC
 CD2 CL3 CL4

P = 1 atm
T = 109,9 oC
8
AC2 P = 1 atm
P = 1 atm T = 35 oC
T = 109,9 oC
P5
P = 1 atm
T = 109,9 oC
T3

P7

P = 1,2 atm
T = 147,1 oC
9 P = 1 atm
T = 35 oC

RB2 CL5

T4
P6
P = 1,2 atm
T = 147,1 oC P8