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ChatGPT4.

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!"#$%&'()
目录

ChatGPT4.0 ................................................................................................................................................................. 1
!"#$%&'() ................................................................................................................................................... 1
*+ LLM ,-+.'+/0 ............................................................................................................................. 3
1*2,- ................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1. ChatGPT 3456 ................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. ChatGPT 3789:%61;<=>?@ABCD2 ....................................................................................... 3
3. ChatGPT 3E45%61ChatGPT ,-+FGHI2 ....................................................................................... 5
4. ChatGPT 378BJ%61ChatGPT %KL&JMN_Transformer2 ............................................................. 8
5. ChatGPT O!PQ11750 RST2 .................................................................................................................... 19
6. UVWX ChatGPT %YZ-[1ChatGPT YZ\%]—^_`a2 ............................................................ 20
1b2c' ................................................................................................................................................................. 20
1d2/0 ................................................................................................................................................................. 21
1. efghijkl%/0l ................................................................................................................................. 21
2. mnop%/0l ................................................................................................................................................. 21
3. qrst%/0l ................................................................................................................................................. 21
4. Luvw/xyz{' ............................................................................................................................................ 22
ChatGPT4.0 %|}Lu ............................................................................................................................................ 22
b+ LLM !~•?€$%c' ....................................................................................................................... 22
1*2ChatGPT D\45 ......................................................................................................................................... 22
1. ChatGPT c' ......................................................................................................................................................... 22
2. •‚ƒ„…†‡ ..................................................................................................................................................... 22
d+ Mˆ"#‰78Š' ChatGPT ............................................................................................................... 28
1*2‹ŒW•Ž+••Œ•M‘A ..................................................................................................................... 28
1b2"’W“” ChatGPT •–—˜%"’™š›œ•žŸT +¡¢£¤›mn¡¥"’¦§ ............ 28
1d2¨©W“” ChatGPT Oª%«¬-u«®D›¯°±o%¨©²³ .................................................... 28
1´2"µWCD"µo¶·”g¸›œ•T¹º»’¼£¤-¡¢T ½›ˆ¯YZ%CD"µ ......... 28
!" LLM #$"%&"'(
ChatGPT ¾•%HI¿ÀÁ3ª§e¦§(Large language model›ÃÄ LLM)%c'ÅÆ›ÇÈKƒÉÊ.'
”ËŽÌÍ%Ϊ§e¦§Ï1LLM2›ÐzÑ0” ChatGPTÅ

1*2,-

1. ChatGPT 3456

l ChatGPT1—ÒÓ Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer23 2022 Ô 11 ÕÖ OpenAI ×Ø%*Ù AI ÚÛ


¦§1Ü{XÝ%Þßà AI ¦§2›'áâãä•åæçèãé%^¿›ChatGPT Ü{êëìíîïÅ

çð”ÌñÉ«9ò›ChatGPT óôY+óCD›{Çîï•õö÷+øùúû+üýzZk%Žþ+ÿ
!z.Ë%"é›#$ó%&™% AI Þß'(Å

ChatGPT )*Oª%^_Þß®D›å+,z0”-.XÝ+/012+¶3:í@45+êë^¿6J
7ÅÌ{±8@A«%ôYÞß›*9:tÁ;¶<Ã=>?2@AB<Ó^¿6–«C¢þD>*E—
˜FçX{G%CDKƒ:íHIÅ

l AJX” ChatGPT K!LM.Nû[W

① ChatGPT %ïI3OP?Q%VRÅ

② ChatGPT 3ST=U›3ÖV׉j*W%STîcÅ

XY 1 ChatGPT %.Nû[

!"#$%&'()* +,-./01 23456

Z [HX ChatGPT %[\›ChatGPT 3]Ÿ^O%›FÍ_9:úûïIÅÍX” 2021 Ô`•%]a>[Ÿ


0›bÇ7RŠ' ChatGPT›Í%ïIzDc/›ãdêe}Cçèf±Å

2. ChatGPT 3789:%61;<=>?@ABCD2

① ABCDgh;>?<=›,iiz3

jkABCDlm>noí®›,Í%BJ,-pk@A«ª;%BJHàK!qd%rsÅABCDó
oxgh>;<=$%*t“¿uv›7>?w`p%x`+/0y--z-7›,!{oH|pkK!
zÉÅ

}7›AB>?OPÑÑ3†~T=¦§•ª€T $=UÐg›•‚ƒA«ª;$«„…†{‡l7:
ˆ“‰ÅŠ*‹@A«ª;$%>?wŒ•x`-OP%ê.clŸ{ª%zÉÅ
Ž•›ABCD¦§••‘’-a‘%D“›”zƒA«ª;$K•%/03Ç?(Ó“‰%Ū;$%
qr––3@A%:—?˜-a‘'(^²!*™%›ÐABCDz)*ŠECDÅ

šŽ›c›ABCDgh>;<=%no,œ›Ípk3*E•°%CD'²›@A«ª;Ÿ{ª%zÉÅ

② >?w vs Token

>?w- token ž3@/0y-Ÿè%Ÿ ›,!)'%9¡-c'ÁK!*tzÉÅ

>?w3ª;$%“¿¢w›£¤¥¦-y->?/§Å>?w`pÇ…†çx›†~zÉ%•í-¥ä
Hà›¨í©ª%>?OPÅ>?w{Çy--K•ª€%/0›å+¥‘‘`«%•L/0-gêÌñ
>?w%KL/§ÅšŽ›>?w3:ˆ'Kqd%/0y-‘`*Å

ç¬`È›token 3!¬-M<=$.'%*MŸ ›Y®*E{ǯ¬-M:°-[-y-%±§›†.


'”Y®²M³9%X´+µ¶T 7ÅToken %)'¨à{Ç3T_+_·+±§7›”{Ç3¸3•%
b}N¹°ºÅ!¬-M:°$›Token ¯'”»¼:°$%½E¾€+T «§-&-±7Å

jk>?w- token !9¡ÁK!*tzÉ›,ÍJž3/0y--¥ä%“‰¢wÅ>?w†~¿/§-


/0¥ä›±8>«„¬-M$%ÀÁ‚¶¬-¢w%®DÅÐ token œ{ǯ¬-M:°-[-y-›±
8>¬-M:°$T «§-&-7®DÅ

③ ÂÓ~ÄMN

ÂÓ~ÄMN†~ÅÆÂÓÇ3ÈÉʲtä•/0%H˛NJ¦§âèÂ@ËŽÌ•çè%/0Å

GPT 3*MÍmn%e¦§›Í%fÎ3Ï'> Transformer $%ÂÓMNÅ! GPT $›êÂÓMN


¯ÐÑc'ÅÌ$›†~ÒÓM¹Æ%ä•Ô€uÕJÓÖ×+Ø+µ›{Ǭ-ÙXc%ÂÓÚq›
•ÐmÛ¦§%äÙÅ

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t/0”áÓÖ×+Ø+µ›_Š¦§%ÂÓuâ›ã䦧%åæÅÓ>çèŠEaé%Ù8›{Ç
ÅÆ*9%ÂÓÇ3g~ÄÊŠtÞ'/0Å}7›!^¿:íÌ•$›Ó>çè:íq©%¢à›{
dž~ÂÓ~ÄMNÈÉÊËŽ:í¹Æ`•%¢à›ç覧q©:íçÉ%¢àÅÉo›!^¿u
«Ì•$›”{dž~ÂÓ~ÄMNÈÉÊzçè%/0›þ%¦§%u«…tÅ

ê`›! GPT ëì$›ÂÓ~ÄMN{ÇíóWx-[-y-^¿/0›þ%¦§åæ-jklÅ

④ Ãï%¿À vs ABCDDð9:Ãï

Ãï%¿À3‘ñ›‘ñ3:ˆ'òóKŸMˆÀ!&$ôë-×:==õc9:%VR›3òó'Kª
€ŸMˆX•ö÷ø9:•'^ëõc%ìù~:ÅŠÊ%ˆ-==¾=3ÇÞMˆÓ“‰%M‘¦úz
>›bÇM‘9:z>‘ñ+Ãï+êûÃïÅ

êûÃï%Z¿J'3ü:ˆ'K%òóÇiòóK%ˆÀ߆:Kýþ›•ÐübŸòóÿ!ŸÏ”ù
':K%HÔ&JÅM‘9:z>êûÃï›”"z)*:KD“›z›#5Ŭ›ê3zD$©—%%
&'ýé›()*¾›Ÿt*+"_Xê%/L–í,-›ÞË•°:KÅÃï%$pJ'MNŸLuz
./”ŠEòóK%ˆ-==õc›Ð3Š'ª€òóX/0}C0K-c'ÅABCD¦ú%"3Ãï
X/00K-Š'$•°”ŸM'%LuŦúŠLu.k{Ƕ;A\{o%BJ›)Ÿ1_2µ›”
Ÿí®{DÅ

bÇêûÃï]Ÿ3ˆ~M‘±8›OABCDµm4õ’¼›5•%VRÞË06Å
3. ChatGPT 3E45%61ChatGPT ,-+FGHI2

l êke¦§1NLP2%×7›ûd?˜dM89Å

① :*89Çe³¬¦§Óû›Í%\ËçXâ;;Ü#Í*ÜÝ›üÍÒŠÜÝ<íà›<Z ÁÈ
^è²Í=Ì$*M_%Ù8ŸæÅ,ŠM¦§ŸLª>‹›*3^¿e¡ïÕD“zO›¬7Xe³
¬¦§Ð›Î?@ABÏ@ÎB@A?Ï3É*MÃCBb3Ë^¿Kƒðoo›eܳ¬¦§%²M
^_ÚqDE_Ù8Fr›zÏ”-˦§&-Å

② :b89àÔ€¦§%G:›Ÿå[*Á¼Lª>‹›Éo”[*><à•%^¿/0HIö÷Å,àÔ
€¦§”Ÿ²t•J›*3¢à%Ô€3K*%›ÞËyu²to¡à%oqæ¡›b3¦§mnoƒ„
Ù8LtÎMNÏ›Fmn~:3OC%›PQ-“#hRSTªFmnopUsÅŠPQŽLM89%
êke¦§âDy-çXâ%BJ›¬7â%^¿[V+aWuV@û÷¦§X¯›,ÞËy-©
ªÌ•ÅÐ Transformer HI%Y™›ZF|¾>ŠEýéÅ

③ :d89›Transformer [*>êke¦§%ÂÓMNö÷›Ü†~à@à%è^lmn›Í_#ÓM
à`pÅ°¢•%Úq[\›F†~<Cmn¦àª]þ^mn_tÅZ3 Transformer HI%Y™›ÍÒ
êke¦§@•:d×789——Ímne¦§›ÜÍD†~mn›Ò^`û÷@çèÀÁ+Kƒ#
f“þl”Ùg›ù•í˜%^¿þD#a‰Å

l ChatGPT %fÎÌ•3:í*M“•-%bõ”›Z cŸ^¿›:í*M±•A«deUf%È*M•-


KƒÅbg“•-”›hZ TiRMOj+T_=dk7A«leKƒ³¬uv›z=`Èg{DÙ8%
KƒÅChatGPT <z3m`X¬^_¿%›Ð3DzEáÁ%“ÃCno”Ó. Å5·›ChatGPT _:
í*M{D%¢àºY›<#ÙÓM¢à%ŸæpÒW

Ë ChatGPT ìíƒe^`ŠÊ%Ì•o›Í±qÁâ3*rs*rx×öW“!cŸ%^¿%“‰Á›È
*Màct3456”——<FÓuž_vw*Mà1ójkxx›Ívw*M“token”›Š{Dâ3¢à
%*Lu›Š"3Ó45ÍŸo_“6–˜à”%,š2Å

!Ó*y$›Íž_mÛ*MzŸŸæ%¢àºYÅ,3›Íct{|PM¢àgvwÛÍZ!eJ%^
`1¶Ì8Ìñ}~2$3K!•Ml%ÅŸA{DùÓct{|ÎpÒ5%Ï%¢à1ܯuo5%
ΟæÏ%¢à2Å,Š"3*t>€%]aV•‚‚×:%xHÅšÓÖ”²E,š;;”nŸ*ÛB
J_Ÿ*E<=à%-[;;7RBJê3{|pÒ5%%¢à›BJ†._mÛ*ƒ„.Ι…Ï%^
`›•z†®Ì86–“1Ÿo‡ˆ‰_q©2Å7RŸo1•Mx2BJ{|ðäpÒ%¢à›{D_
mÛ*ƒÎóŸŠÏ%^`ÅŠQK!•MlË!›7RBJouŠ'çÉ%þ®›{{DÓuž_m
ÛzÉ%^`Å
!Ž~:$›_Ÿ*M³9%bg“Œt”1temperature2ST›Í*9ðäpÒ%¢à_¯Š'%•æ›
X”^`:훊M“Œt”5WÅÆÓ 0.8ŵmO4%3›ŠQ]ŸŠ'“-Ž”BŠâ3c¯6•!±•
$™J'%]±Å}7›“Œt”Ÿ `bÇK!›3šÓhTuØ1g곬ˆ-=%‘’uØ2“W¯
Š'›,ˆ•"BJb’›ÍJ`p]Ÿ“ˆ-”^²Å

l È|Ò7®78”mÁ¼ŸæYÅ

① •–›BJ—˜12FG% “e¦§ “>?OPW

② ™•›BJÒš•>[ŠM>?OP›<›ŽÍ378BJ%Å,œŽÓ•›BJ{ÇÒŠM“OP¦§”
JÓ*MžŸc'ÛBJ%^¿$›<Z ¦§ùÓct ¡%Ÿæ›"éŽ 5 M¢àW

”lVR•›_ÒÌ¢£Ó†à¤à=%“T •”W

③ q©“c'¦§“%aé—!Ó*y$w•Ÿæ5%%à1!Ž¶3$h9Ó¦§$% “*9”2W

④ 7R¥4õȦ_#Ê6!ŠE1”§t”2aéÈ›{¨"_Ù8çË©ª-q©%aéÅ
⑤ ,7Rzê3ü{ “«¬ “à›Ð3Ÿo•Mü{ “„«¬ “à1”•Ml “Xc “Œt “Ó 0.82-6BJ"s
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ü ÐÓuŠÊ\›ž_ŸzÉ%•M{|›Xc%^¿”_zÉÅ

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J%Ÿæ{¨"_Èã13%›!ŠMXTXÁ%m\Xc”*M n–1 %“®v”¯°›Š3eÂ%*±³¬
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ü Ž•›³´9vJÓÌ8@®9vŸæuØŸè%]ˆ%Sµ›Í3Ö¶·ª=%eÂ=w¸¹·º»
Ï·³´1George Kingsley Zipf2” 1949 Ô×Y%±(9vÅ

Í{ÇY¼ÓW!êkeÂ%ef½Q›*M¢àÙ8%•æ@Í!•æYQ%pÒíõ¬ÅbÇ›
•æ5%%¢àÙ8%•æª¼3Ù8•æ:b¹%¢à% 2 ½›ÐÙ8•æ:b¹%¢àœ3Ù8•
æ:´¹%¢à% 2 ½Å
4. ChatGPT 378BJ%61ChatGPT %KL&JMN_Transformer2

ChatGPT 3¯°! Transformer - NLP %“‰Á›!Xݲ³$%)'c'ÅChatGPT ×7%Zh3Ímn¦§


%×7›Ímn¦§•–d¾®”¿À 2017 ÔþÙ transformer Áˆ

① Transformer ÂÃ

l Ó45d' Transformer

!]Ÿ transformer %oÄ›3'%3 RNN1¶‰3Ìñ¢Ô¶ÅÔ¾E LSTM/GRU 72gJÓ¸[3‘Å


RNN ¦ÆÓuâDÇ}*Mä• token -Ž*u%ÈÉýþ›k•mÛäÙÅÍ%o°VˆŠmŠM¦§D
ÊmÛsËÌ%./è²›Š”ŠmÍzDÊ<C¬-›¦§åæiuäÅ

2017 Ô google %M‘ÍÎÏÐ! NIPS Á×Y>ÑAttention is all you needÒ%^`›V6l%þÙ>!°º


¢Óëì›ì—ÔÕ CNN+RNN›âÇ Attention ÂÓVˆ%â%OPÁˆ›ÒÓ Transformer›Ž^±
8%Ì•3M‘ÍÎÅ

l Transformer ûd,-ÂÃ

l Seq2Seq Ì•

Seq2Seq Ì•h%3ä•-äÙž3°º%Ì•›äÙ%stzk9oÖ'%¦§›ŠEaé*±3!M‘
ÍÎ%Ì•$Ù8%›Ò. $^ÍÎí×^›Ø5ŠÜ×^%stŸ{D¬$^Ù›”Ÿ{D_¬$^
s›bÇäÙ%st"zk9>Å7X›ä•%$^stÓ 4›äÙ%×^stÓ 2.
Seq2Seq Ì•†.'%3 Encoder+Decoder ¦à›–Ò*M°º¸3í*MÁÈ^DE›¥Š' Decoder g
[3ÅËk›BJÑÑÚ context vector JÓ¸3‘Û[3‘%ä•Å

l Attention ÂÓMN

Ë~Û/0Ü•ÝÞo›BJ%ª;_ÚÂÓß!ûd/0Á›Š3ª;%ÂÓMNÅÓMà% Q
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Attention %á‹W

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Á*y%¬-VR›šŽ{Ç- CNN *Ê<Cy-Å

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%A›qzå~¦%]a3*Ê%Å
② Transfeomer BJô:

l •~•%áæV•›•–Ò Transformer ¦§Ë\*MžçèJÅ!M‘ÍÎ$›"3ä•*Ee›


äÙé*EeÂ

l Ø5êVŠMžç›{ÇëÛÍ3Ö¸3ìí+[3ìí-ñJ%x`ìí

l ¸3ìíLuÖ*î¸3‘ˆíÅ[3ìíLu”3ÖçÉT€%[3‘ˆí

l bŸ%¸3‘!VˆÁž3çÉ%›,ñJ]ŸïðSTÅÓM[3‘žu[íLMÝG
l •¸3‘ä•%ÜÝ•–_?~*MêÂÓ1self-attention2G›ŠGíî¸3‘!XÓM¢à¸3
oèÂä•ÜÝ%Ìñ¢àÅêÂÓG%äÙ_¥¦ÛŽñ1feed-forward2>?OP$ÅÓM¹Æ
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l ½EÔ€¶ø€3#Ê!¦§%zÉLu$Òä•¢=ÓäÙ%Å

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5. ChatGPT O!PQ11750 RST2

ChatGPT ¥” AIGC )'c'›ç¬~¦% AI 9ò›!¦§«§+c'ëì+'¢=7G|(8Ù˜%³‹Å


1 2HIH|WChatGPT ¥”êkeÂy-ëì›@)*%êkeÂHI笛ChatGPT Ö'ª¦§}Cmn›
<w•ABõñ+O=U(RLHF)HË›±8>åR%•†þ^B

2 2c'H|WChatGPT ¥”:íà AI›ç¬”uV§ AI›z/0”cŸ%Kƒ›c!^,6J›¶3y-›


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Û>"3Ó¶Y%<HTT%4$›c'Ÿ5¨_zÐÅ

ChatGPT ¦§á6!”eÂ:íÅ2017 Ô•›c'785Ð%3 BERT - GPT ¦§Çi!Št¦§“‰Á\Ù


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