FILLET WELD IN LONGITUDINAL SHEAR

Sebuah pelat baja ukuruan 6 x 450 mm dihubungkan dengan pelat tebal 10 mm melalui
sambungan las seperti terlihat pada gambar terlampir. Mutu baja ASTM Grade 50 dan mutu
kawat las E70xx, diperhitungkan untuk memikul gaya tarik PD = 145 kN dan PL = 450 kN.
Hitung panjang sambungan las yang dibutuhkan ?

450 mm
Pelat 10 mm

Pelat 6 mm

P
Penyelesaian :

ELECTRODES USED FOR WELDING

PROCESS
SMAW SAW GMAW FCAW MINIMUM YIELD STRESS MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH
AWS A5.1 OR A5.5 AWS A5.17 OR A5.23 AWS A5.18 OR A5.28 AWS A5.20 OR A5.29 (MPa) (MPa)

E60XX E6XT-X 345 425

F6XX-EXXX 345 425 - 550
E70XX ER705-X E7XT-X 415 495
F7XX-EXXX 415 485 - 620
E80XX 460 550
F8XX-EXXX E8XT 470 550 - 690
ER80S 450 550
E100XX 600 690
F10XX-EXXX 605 690 - 895
ER100S 620 690
E10XT 605 690 - 830
E110X 670 760
F11XX-EXXX 675 760 - 895
ER110S 675 760
E11XT 675 760 - 860

STEEL STRUCTURES MATERIALS

TYPE STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION ARCHITECTURAL INSTITUTE OF JAPAN
OF S N I - 2002 A I S C - 2005 JAPANESE ARCHITECTURAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION
SK SNI S-05-1989-F ASTM A 709 -GRADE JASS 6 - 1993
STEEL MINIMUM STRESSES (MPa) MINIMUM 36 50 & ( 50 W ) 70 W 100 & 100 W 100 & 100W JIS G3101 SS 400 (SS 41) SS 490 (SS50) SS 540 (SS 55)
GRADE YIELD TENSILE STRENGTH STRAIN (%) MINIMUM STRESSES (MPa) (OVER 64-100mm) TO 64 mm MINIMUM STRESSES (MPa)
Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu Fy Fu
BJ 34 210 340 22 JIS G3106
SM 490 YA (YB)
BJ 37 240 370 20 < 16 mm ≤ 16
245 365 ≥ 410 ≥ 660
BJ 41 250 410 18 250 400 - 550 345 450 (485) 485 620-760 620 690-895 690 760-895 400 - 510 490 - 610
> 16 up to 40 mm 16<t≤40
BJ 50 290 500 16 235 355 ≥ 400 ≥ 660

BJ 55 410 550 13

LRFD ASD

Pu  1.4 D  1.4 x 145  203 kN P  D  145 kN

P  D  150 kN

Pu  1.2 D  1.6 L  1.2x 145  1.6 x 450  894 kN P  D  L  145  450  596 kN 

Maximum dan minimum tebal las

Maximum dan minimum tebal las sesuai AISC J2.2b :

tpelat < 6.0 mm -----> tmax = t – 1.5 mm = 6 – 1.5 = 4.5 mm
tpelat ≤ 6.4 mm -----> tmin = 3.0 mm

di pakai tebal las w = 4.5 mm






Rn  Fnw Awe - - - -  AISC J2.4

Fnw  0.60 FExx (1.0  0.5 sin 1.5  )

where : Awe  0.707w ( l u ab si d a en fg f e kl tai sf )
Rn  0.6 x 495 x 0.707 x 4.5 x 10 -3  0.945 (kN/m)

LRFD ASD

Pu 894 P 596 x 2
 perlu    1262 mm  perlu    1262 mm
 Rn 0.75 x 0.945 Rn /  0.945

di pakai 2 x 625 mm > 400 mm dipakai 2 x 625 mm > 400 mm
(check panjang las : 100 w = 100 x 4 = 400 mm)
di coba panjang las 2 @ 780 mm  di coba panjang las 2 @ 780 mm 

  1.2  0.002 x 780/4  0.81   1.2  0.002 x 780/4  0.81

Pu  0.75 x 0.6 x 495 x0.707 x 4.5 x 0.81 x 2 Pu  0.6 x 495 x0.707 x 4.5 x 0.81
x 780 x 10 -3  895 kN  894 kN (ok) x 2 x 780x 10 -3 / 2  597 kN  596 kN (ok)

Check syarat panjang las   b : 780 mm > 450 mm (ok) 

Kesimpulan :

di butuhkan panjang las 2 @ 780 mm 

FILLET WELD LOADED AT AN ANGLE

Hitung dan rencanakan dengan metode LRFD dan ASD dari sambungan las untuk struktur seperti
tergambar berikut , jika diberikan data-data beban PD = 220 kN dan PL = 660 kN, sudut   60
o

Mutu kawat las E70XX

 t = 19 mm

LRFD ASD

Pu  1.4 D  1.4 x 220  308 kN Pu  D  220 kN

Pu  1.2 D  1.6 L  1.2 x 220  1.6 x 660  1320 kN Pu  D  L  220  660  880 kN
 

tebal las minimum t  5 / 16 inch  8.0 mm (single pass weld)

Gaya geser yang dapat dipikul sambungan las setiap mm panjang nya :

Fnw  0.60 FEXX (1.0  0.5 sin 1.5  )  0.6 x 495 x 0.5(1.0  sin 1.5 60 o )  417
MPa

Awe  0.707 x 8 x 1  5.656 mm

Rn  Fnw Awe  417 x 5.656 x 10 -3  2.35 kN/mm

LRFD ASD
  0.75   2 .0

Rn 2.35
  1.175 kN/mm
 Rn  0.75 x 2.35  1.76 kN/mm  2
ada 2 sisi bidang las :
Rn 2.35
2 x 2x  2.35 kN/mm
2 x  Rn  2 x 1.76  3.52 kN/mm  2

Panjang las yang diperlukan :

1320 880
  375   375
3.52 mm  2.35 mm 

di pakai panjang las 400 mm

SAMBUNGAN END-PLATE BAJA PIPA PESEGI

Pada perencanaan struktur sambungan baja seperti tergambar berikut ini, diminta
untuk menentukan ukuran las, tebal end-plate, dan diameter bout HTB A325 yang
diperhitungkan untuk memikul gaya tarik akibat beban mati PD  70 kN dan beban
hidup PL  225 kN. Baja pipa pesegi ukuran 100 x 100 x 6 mm mutu ASTM A-500
grade B, end-plate mutu A36 dan kawat las E70XX.

40
40
P

Baja pipa pesegi 100 x 100 x 6

(16.98 kg/m )

Penampang Baja Pipa :

t = 6 mm ; A  2163 mm2 , ukuran lebar = 100 mm

Mutu baja

Fy  315
Baja pipa : ASTM A 500 Grade B ----> MPa dan Fu  400 MPa

Fy  250
End-plate : ASTM A 36 -----> MPa dan Fu  400 MPa

Kuat perlu :
LRFD ASD

Tu  1.4 D  1.4 x 70  98 T  D  70 kN
kN

Tu  1.2 D  1.6 L  1.2 x 70  1.6 x 225  444 T  D  L  70  225  295 kN

kN
Cek kekuatan bout

T u 444 T 295
ru    111 r   74
n 4 kN n 4 kN

Pakai HTB A325

TABLE J3.2 (AISC 2011)

NOMINAL STRESS OF FASTENER & THREADED PARTS
DESCRIPTION OF FASTENERS ULTIMATE TENSILE STRESS NOMINAL TENSILE STRESS NOMINAL SHEAR STRESS
in BEARING TYPE CONNECTION
F u (MPa) F nt (MPa) F nv (MPa)
A307 bolts 415 310 188

A325MN 827 620 372

(threas are included in the shear planes)

A325MX 827 620 457

(threads are excluded in the shear planes)

A490MN 1035 780 457

(threas are included in the shear planes)

A490MX 1035 780 579

(threads are excluded in the shear planes)

Threads are included in the shear planes -N Fu 0.75 F u 0.45 F u

Threads are excluded in the shear planes-X Fu 0.75 F u 0.563 F u

di coba bout HTB A325 M20 (diameter 19 mm)


Rn  Fnt Ab  620 x x 19 2 x 10 -3  175.8
4 kN

Rn 175.8
  87 .9
 Rn  0.75 x 175.8  131.8 kN > 111 kN (ok)  2 kN > 74 kN (ok)

Cek tebal end-plate (prying action)

a. Eliminate prying action

 4 T b'  4 T b'
t min  t min 
 p Fu p Fu

b. Consider prying action

4 T b'  4 T b'
t min  t min 
 p Fu (1    ' ) p Fu (1    ' )

p  s
s

p  s
45o

g line of
q
line of
q
deformation Prying forces in angle
deformation
t
t
b a'
T+q T+q
b a
b a'

b a

Prying forces in tee

where :

Fu 
specified minimum tensile strength of connecting element

T  required strength , rut or rat per bolt.

 db
b'  b 
2
b  for a tee type connecting element, the distance from bolt centerline to the face of the tee
stem ; for an angle type connecting element, the distance from bolt centerline to
centerline of angle leg

d b  bolt diameter ; s  bolt spacing

p  tributary length, maximum = 2 b ; but ≤ s , unless tests indicate larger lengths

 Fu t 2 p Fu t 2 p
T T
2b 2b

d'
 1
p

(ratio of the net length at bolt line to gross length at the face of the stem or leg of angle)

  1.0 if   1.0

1  
 
= the lesser of 1.0 and  1    if   1.0
d '  width of the hole along the length of the fitting

1 B  b'
  1 
  T  ; a'

 d   d 
a '   a  b   1.25b  b 
 2  2
a  distance from the bolt centerline to the edge of the fitting

rn
B  available tension ;per bolt,  rn or 

If t min  t ; the preliminary fitting thickness is satisfactory. Otherwise, a fitting with a thickness
flange, or a change in the geometry b and p is required.

c. The prying force per bolt

  t  
2

q  B      
  t c  

1  T  tc  
2

      1
  B  t   where 0    1.0

The parameter  is the ratio of the moment at the face of the tee stem or at the center of the
unconnected angle leg thickness, to the moment at the bolt line.

When   0 , the connection is stong enough to prevent prying action.

When   1.0 the connection is not adequate.

4 B b2 4  B b2
tc  tc 
 p Fu p Fu

where

tc 
flange or angle thickness required to develop the available strength of the bolt, B
with no praying actio

The total force per bolt including effect of prying action is then T  q
Alternatively, when the fitting geometry is known , the available tensile strength per bolt,
B , determined by AISC J3.6 and J3.7 can be multiplied by Q to determine the available tensile

strength including the effects of prying action, T avail B Q

When  ' 0 which means that the fitting has sufficient strength and stiffness to develop
the full bolt available tensile strength, Q  1.0

When 0   '  1.0 which means that the fitting has sufficient strength and stiffness to
develop the full bolt available tensile strength, but insufficient stiffness to prevent prying action,
2
t 
Q    1    '
 tc 
 When  '  1.0 , which means that the fitting has insufficient strength to develop the full
bolt available strength,
2
t 
Q    1   
 tc 

Where

1  t 
2

'    1
 (1   )  t c  


(value of  that either maximizes the bolt available tensile strength for a given thickness
or minimizes the thickness required for a given bolt available tensile strength22

Cek tebal end-plate (prying action)

 d   d 
a '  a  b   1.25b  b 
 2  2
 40  20/2  50  1.25 (40)  20/2  60 mm (ok)

db
b'  b 
2
 40 - 19/2  30 mm
b' 30
   0.60
a ' 50

d '  d b  1.6  21 mm

p  (full plate width)/(n umber of bolts per side)  100  2 x(40  40) /1  260 mm

d' 21
  1  1  0.919
p 260

LRFD ASD

1  B  1   rn  1  B  1  rn /  
 1    1  1    1
  T    rut    T    rat 
1 131.8  1 175.8 / 2 
  1  0.312   1  0.313
0.60  111  0.60  74 
 1   1  
 '  '
 1     1   
1  0.312  1  0.313 
  0.495  1.0   0.497  1.0
0.917 1  0.312  0.917 1  0.313 

4 T b' 4 T b '
t min  t min 
 p Fu (1    ' ) p Fy (1    ' )
4 x 111000 x 30 4 x 1.67 x 74000 x 30
 
0.90 x 260 x 400 x (1  0.917 x 0.495) 260 x 250 x (1  0.917 x 0.497)
 9.90 mm  12.5 mm

Cek las sudut

Minimum tebal las

untuk t  6.0 mm -------> wmin  3 mm

Maximum tebal las -------> wmax  5 mm

Panjang las ada : 4 x 100 = 400 mm
Kuat las ada :

Rn  Fnw Awe Rn  Fnw Awe


Fbw  0.6 FEXX 1.0  0.50 sin 1.5  
 
 0.6 x 495 1.0  0.50sin 1.5 90 o  445 MPa

Panjang las perlu

Tu  Tu
w perlu  w perlu 
 Fnw (0.707)  Fnw (0.707) 
444 x 1000 2 x 295 x 1000
  4.70 mm   4.68 mm
0.75 x 445 x 0.707 x 400 445 x 0.707 x 400

KESIMPULAN :
Sambungan yang di pakai :
End plate tebal 12.5 mm
4 HTB A325 M20 diameter 19 mm
Las sudut w = 5 mm

Eliminate prying action

4 T b'  4 T b'
t min  t min 
 p Fu p Fu
4 x 444 x 30 x 1000 2 x 4 x 295000 x 30
  26 mm   33 mm
0.75 x 260 x 400 260 x 250