Dalam UU RI No.

20 Tahun 2003
tentang system pendidikan Nasional
Latar pasal 1, pendidikan adalah usaha
sadar dan terencana untuk
Belakang mewujudkan suasana belajar dan
proses pembelajaran agar peserta
didik secara aktif mengembangkan
dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan
spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian
diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhalk
mulia, serta keterampilanyang
diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat,
bangsa dan Negara
1. Apa Pengertian Pendidik dan Peserta didik
dalam perspektif pendidikan Islam?
2. Bagaimana hakikat pendidik dan peserta
didik?
3. Bagaimana kewajiban pendidik dan
peserta didik?
Pengertian
Secara umum pendidik adalah orang yang memiliki tanggung jawab untuk
mendidik. Sementara secara khusus, pendidik dalam perspektif pendidikan
islam adalah orang yang bertanggung jawab terhadap perkembangan
peserta didik dengan mengupayakan perkembangan seluruh potensi
peserta didik, baik potensi afektif, kognitif, maupun psikomotorik sesuai
dengan nilai-nilai ajaran agama islam

Dalam literature Islam, seorang pendidik

biasa disebut
• ustadz
• mualim
• murabbiy
• mursyid
• mudarris
• muadddib.
 Islam mengajarkan bahwa pendidik pertama dan yang
utama paling bertanggung jawab terhadap
perkembangan jasmani dan rohani peserta didik adalah
kedua orang tua

Sekarang timbul persoalan, disebabkan oleh

berbagai macam jenis pekerjaan yang dilakukan
oleh orang tua peserta didik yang menyebabkan PENDIDIK
orang tua jarang berada di rumah.........
Hakikat Pendidik
Secara umum tugas pendidik adalah mendidik. Disamping itu pendidik
juga bertugas sebagai motivator dan fasilitator dalam proses belajar
mengajar, sehingga seluruh potensi peserta didikdapat teraktualisasi
secara baik dan dinamis
 Kewajiban
Pendidik
• Harus menaruh rasa kasih sayang terhadap murid memperlakukan mereka seperti
perlakuan anak kita sendiri. Rasulullah saw bersabda:
• Tidak mengharapkan balasan jasa ataupun ucapan terima kasih, tetapi bermaksud
mengajar itu mencari keridhaan Allah dan mendekatkan diri kepada-Nya.
• Memberikan nasihat kepada murid pada tiap kesempatan, bahkan gunakan setiap
kesempatan untuk menasehatinya.
• Mencegah murid dari segala sesuatu akhlak yang tidak baik dengan jalan sindiran jika
mungkin dan jangan dengan cara terus terang, dengan cara halus dan jangan dengan
jalan mencela. Al-Ghazali menganjurkan pencegahan itu dengan isyarat atau sindiran,
jangan dengan terus terang sekiranya terjadipada murid itu sesuatu yang merupakan
akhlak yang kurang baik.
• Supaya diperhatikan tingkat akal pikiran anak-anak dan berbicara dengan mereka
menurut kadar akalnya dan jangan disampaikan sesuatu yang melebihi tingkat daya
tangkapnya, agar ia tidak lari dari pelajaran, ringkasnya bicara dengan bahasa mereka.
Ini adalah prinsip tebaik yang kini tengah dipakai .
• Jangan ditimbulkan rasa benci pada diri murid mengenai suatu cabang ilmu tersebut,
tetapi sebaiknya dibukakan jalan bagi mereka untuk belajar cabang ilmu tersebut.
Artinya murid jangan terlalu fanatik terhadap jurusan pelajaannya saja.
• Sebaiknya kepada murid yang masih dibawah umur, diberikan pelajaran yang jelas dan
pantas buat dia dan tidak perlu disebutkan kepadanya akan rahasia-rahasia yang
terkandung dari sesuatu itu, hingga tidak menajdi dingin kemampuan dan gelisa
fikirannya.
• Sang guru harus mengamalkan ilmunya dan jangan berlain kata dengan perbuatannya.
Pengertian Peserta Didik
peserta didik adalah siapa saja yang berusaha untuk
melibatkan diri sebagai peserta didik dalam kegiatan
pendidikan, sehingga tumbuh dan berkembang
potensinya, baik yang berstatus sebagai anak yang belum
dewasa, maupun orang yang sudah dewasa.
Dalam perspektif pendidikan islam peserta didik merupakan
subjek dan objek. Oleh karena itu proses kependidikan tidak
akan terlaksana tanpa keterlibatan pesera didik, di
dalamnya. Dalam paradikma pendidikan islam, peserta
didik merupakan orang yang belum dewasa yang memiliki
sejumlah potensi (kemampuan) dasar yang masih perlu
dikembangkan
Hakikat peserta didik
1. Belum memiliki pribadi dewasa susila sehingga masih menjadi tanggung jawab
pendidik (guru)
2. Masih menyempurnakan aspek tertentu dari kedewasaannya, sehingga masih
menjadi tanggung jawab pendidik.
3. Memiliki sifat-sifat dasar manusia yang sedang berkembang secara terpadu,
yaitu kebutuhan jasmani (fisik) dan rohani (non-fisiknya)
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 Hakikat
Rasyidin dan Nizar juga memberikan penjelasan, bahwa peserta
didik atau anak didik memiliki hakikat yang antara lain:
1. Peserta didik bukan merupakan miniatur orang dewasa akan
tetapi memilki dunianya sendiri..
2. Peserta didik adalah manusia yang memiliki deferensiasi
periodisasi perkembangan dan pertumbuhan.
3. Peserta didik adalah manusia yang memiliki ketuhanan, baik
yang menyangkut kebutuhan jasmani maupun rohani yang
harus dipenuhi.
4. Peserta didik adalah makshluk Tuhan yang memiliki perbedaan
individual, baik yang disebabkan oleh faktor pembawaan
maupun lingkungan dimana iaa berada.
5. Peserta didik merupakan resultan dari dua unsur utama, yaitu
jasmani dan rohani.
6. Peserta didik adalah manusia yang memiliki potensi (fitrah) yang
dapat dikembangkan secara dinamis.
Hakikat Peserta Didik
7. Belajar ilmu sampai tuntas sampai pada kemudian hari
beralih pada ilmu yang lainnya, sehinga anak didik
memiliki spesifikasi ilmu pengetahuan secara mendalam.
8. Mengenal nilai-nilai ilmiah atas ilmu pengetahuan yang
dipelajari.
9. Memperioritaskan ilmu diniyah sebelum memasuki ilmu
duniawi
10.Mengenal nilai-nilai prakmatis bagi suatu ilmu
pengetahuan, yaitu ilmu yang dapat bermanfaat dalam
kehidupan dunia akhirat.
11.Anak didik harus tunduk pada nasihat pendidik.
12.Mempelajari ilmu-ilmu yang terpuji, baik untuk ukhrowi
maupun untuk duniawi.
Kewajiban peserta didik
Menurut Imam Al-Ghozali ada sebelas kewajiban peserta didik
yaitu :
1. Belajar dengan niat ibadah dengan rangka taqorrub kepada
Allah Swt, sehinga dalam kehoidupan sehari-hari anak didik
dituntut untuk mensucikan jiwanya dari akhlak yang rendah dan
watak yang tercelah.
2. Mengurangi kecenderungan pada duniawi daripada masalah
ukhrowi.
3. Bersikap tawadhu’ dengan cara meninggalkan kepetingan
pribadi untuk kepentingan pendidikannya.
4. Menjaga pikiran dan pertantangan yang timbul dari berbagai
aliran
5. Belajar dengan carabertahap dengan cara memulai pelajaran
yang mudah menuju pelajaran yang sukar.
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