METHYL DIRECTED MI

SMATCH REPAIR SYST

EM

Endhirayanti Caesarika (611810073)

Gita A’ida Fitri (611810078)
Ike Khustina (611810079)
Muh Febri Wahyu N.S. (611810093)
Nurmiati (611810098)
PERBAIKAN KETIDAKCOCOKAN
Pada bakteri gram negatif, hemimetilasi transien membe
dakan untaian (orang tua dimetilasidan anak perempuan
tidak

Pada prokariot dan eukariot lainnya, mekanisme pastinya t

idak jelas. pada eukariot, DNA untai lagging yang baru disi
ntesis secara sementara mengandung torehan (sebelum d
isegel oleh DNA ligase) dan memberikan sinyal yang men
garahkan sistem proofreading ketidakcocokan ke untai yan
g sesuai

Pada manusia, tujuh protein perbaikan ketidakcocokan

DNA (MMR) protein ( MLH1 , MLH3 , MSH2 , MSH3 , M
SH6 , PMS1 dan PMS2 ) bekerja secara terkoordinasi d
alam langkah-langkah berurutan untuk memulai perbaik
an ketidakcocokan DNA

Produk gen lain yang terlibat dalam perbaikan ketida

kcocokan (setelah inisiasi oleh gen MMR) pada man
usia termasuk DNA polimerase delta , PCNA , RP
A , HMGB1 , RFC dan DNA ligase I
 MutS , MutH d
an MutL (MutS
adalah homolo
g dari HexA da
n MutL dari He
xB).

E. coli telah mengidentifikasi sejumlah gen yang ketika tidak aktif secara mutasi , menyebabkan strain yang hipermu
tasi produk gen, hal itu disebut protein "Mut", yang merupakan komponen aktif utama dari sistem perbaikan ketidakc
ocokan. Tiga dari protein ini sangat penting dalam mendeteksi ketidakcocokan dan mengarahkan mesin perbaikan
untuk : MutS , MutH dan MutL (MutS adalah homolog dari HexA dan MutL dari HexB).

Homolog MutL
Homolog manusia dari prokariotik MutL memiliki tig
a bentuk yang ditunjuk sebagai MutLα, MutLβ, dan
MutLγ. Kompleks MutLα terbuat dari dua subunit M
LH1 dan PMS2, heterodimer MutLβ dibuat dari ML
H1 dan PMS1, sedangkan MutLγ dibuat dari MLH1
dan MLH3. MutLα bertindak sebagai mak comblang
atau fasilitator, mengoordinasikan acara dalam perbai
kan ketidakcocokan
HOMOLOG MUTS
MutS menekuk heliks DNA dan melindungi sekitar 2
0 pasangan basa. Dalam eukariota, omolog M u
t S h membentuk dua heterodimer utama: Msh2 / Ms
h6 (MutSα) dan Msh2 / Msh3 (MutSβ). Jalur MutSα
terlibat terutama dalam substitusi dasar dan perbaika
n ketidaksesuaian loop kecil
Homolog MutH
MutH adalah endonuklease yang sangat lemah yang
diaktifkan setelah diikat ke MutL (yang juga terikat p
ada MutS) akan memakan DNA yang tidak termetilas
i dan untai yang belum termetilasi dari DNA hemime
tilasi tetapi tidak menghasilkan DNA yang sepenuhn
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