Sumedi Sudarsono
PENGGOLONGAN STATISTIK
1. Statistik Deskriptif.
2. Statistik Analitik.
(Uji Statistik).
(1). Statistik Deskriptif
1). Nilai-nilai Central tendency : Mean
2). Nilai-nilai Variabilitas : s , var , SE , cov
3). Skewness
4). Kurtosis
s
c.o.v. = -------- (100%) = < 30%.
mean
………………………………………………….
2. Data mempunyai Variance yg Sama
Dibuktikan dg Uji Homogenitas Varians,
membandingkan dua varians.
Varian besar
F(n,d) = ------------------ Lihat pd Tabel F
Varian kecil ( Table A4 )
1. Sembarangan.
2. Acak.
3. Serampangan.
4. Untung-untungan.
Tidak pilih kasih,
Tidak ada preferensi.
Tidak ada surat sakti.
Tidak ada KKN.
1. Simple Random Sampling.
2. Systematic random Sampling.
3. Stratified Sampling .
4. Multistage Sampling.
5. Cluster Sampling.
Non-random
1. Consecutive sampling
2. Convenient sampling
3. Judgment sampling
4. Alternative sampling
5. Dll
………………………………………
4. Skala Interval / Ratio
………………o0o…………………………..
Contoh soal T-test independent
Sumedi Sudarsono
s
COV = --------- (100%)
mean
Kel. A : 59, 63, 64, 60, 66, 65. (n1 = 6)
Kel. B : 61, 57, 61, 57, 56. (n2 = 5)
Kel A n1 = 6.
Mean1 = 62.833
s1 = 2.787 Variance = (2.787)2
Cov1 = 4.4 %
Cov2 = 4.12 %
Var yg besar
F(n,d) = ------------------- Lihat Tabel F
Var yg kecil
Uji Homogenitas Varians
7.767
F(5,4) = ------------ = 1.340
5.798
numerator = pembilang = (n1) – 1 = 5
denominator = penyebut = (n2) – 1 = 4
Degree of freedom = df = n1 + n2 – 2
………………………………………………..
Pengertian nilai ‘p’
n(A) = 6 n(B) = 5
Mean(A) = 62.833 mean(B) = 58.4
s(A) = 2.787 s(B) = 2.408
s gab = 2.625
mean(A) – mean (B)
t = ---------------------------------
s gab √ {1/n1 + 1/n2}
62.833 – 58.40
t = ----------------------------- = 2.787
2.625√ {1/6 + 1/5}
dg df = n1 + n2 - 2
t = 2.787
df = 9 Lihat Tabel 0.02 < p < 0.05
Ho ditolak Ada perbedaan yg significant.
Tabel T-test = Table A3
df p
0.2 0.1 0.05 * 0.02 0.01 0.001
------------------------------------------------------------------
1 ↑
2
3 .. .. .. ↑ .. .. …
.
. ↑
8 1.397 1.960 2.306 2.896 3.355 5.041
9 1.383 1.833 2.262 ↑ 2.821 3.250 4.781
2.787
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Uji Membandingkan means dua sampel.
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(2). Untuk membandingkan dua mean sampel
besar dan sampel kecil, (n1=56 dan n2=28).
juga digunakan Uji T-independen.
n1 = 56 n2 = 28
mean1 = 161.25 mean2 = 158.61
s1 = 5.57 s2 = 5.27
Mean(1) – Mean(2)
Z = -----------------------------------
√{ (s1)2 /n1 + (s2)2 /n2 }
3400 – 3100
Z = -------------------------------------- = 3.045
√{ (670)2 /75 + (610)2 /100 }
Rujuk pd Tabel T dg df = ∞
0.001 < p < 0.01 Ho ditolak, significant
Tabel Z ( Tabel A3 ) dg df = ∞ )
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.524 0.674 0.842 1.036 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291
I
3.045
=======================o0o==========================
(4). Mean Sampel Besar dg Mean Populasi (µ)
digunakan Uji Z-test
mean - µ
Z = ---------------
SE
mean - µ 37.2 - 37
Z = --------------- = --------------- = 2.857
SE 0.7 / √ 100
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.524 0.674 0.842 1.036 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291
2.857
================0O0==============================
(5). Mean sampel kecil dg Mean Populasi (µ)
digunakan Uji t-test independent.
mean - µ
t = ---------------
SE
Rujuk pd Tabel T dg df = n – 1 = 25 – 1 = 24
0.10 < p < 0.20
df p
0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
2
3 .. .. .. .. .. …
.
.
8 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 5.041
9 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.781
.
.
24 . . . . 1.059 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.745
1.429
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(6). Z-test untuk membandingkan proporsi
populasi (= π) dg proporsi sampel besar.
(Uji proporsi)
p-π
Z = --------------------------
√{π (1 – π) / n}
p-π
Z = -----------------------
√{π ( 1 – π) / n}
Diketahui : p = 0.123 π = 0.13 n = 1000
p–π
Z = -----------------------
√{π ( 1 – π) / n}
0.123 – 0.130
Z = -------------------------------- = - 0.66
√{0.13 ( 1 – 0.13) / 1000}
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.524 0.674 0.842 1.036 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291
0.66
================0O0==============================
(7). Z-test utk membandingkan dua proporsi sampel
besar. Survei di suatu wilayah menunjukkan
bahwa proporsi merokok di kalangan laki-laki
sebesar 0.35 dg sampel 100, sedangkan di kelpk
perempuan sebesar 0.05 dg sampel 80.
p1 – p2
Digunakan Uji Z-test = --------------------
√{ 1/n1 + 1/n2 }
n1 = 100 n2 = 80
P1 = 0.35 p2 = 0.05
p1 – p2
Digunakan Uji Z-test = --------------------
√{ 1/n1 + 1/n2 }
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.524 0.674 0.842 1.036 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291
2.00
================0O0==============================
(7). Z-test utk membandingkan dua proporsi
sampel besar. Survei di suatu wilayah
menunjukkan bahwa proporsi merokok di
kalangan laki-laki sebesar 0.35 dg sampel
100, (dari 100 laki-laki, yg merokok 35 orang)
sedangkan di kalangan perempuan sebesar 0.05
dg sampel 80
(dari 80perempuan yg merokok 4 orang).
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