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4b_Fract_Transp
1
2
Rekomendasi Peralatan Minimum
untuk Transport
Airway management/oxygenation—adultand pediatric ECG monitor/defibrillator (preferably with pressure transducer
Adult and pediatric bag-valve systems with oxygen reservoir Adult capabilities)
and pediatric masks for bag-valve system (multiple sizes as ECG electrodes(infant, pediatric, adult)
appropriate)
Flashlights with extra batteries
Flexible adaptors to connect bag-valve system to
Heimlich valve
endotracheal/tracheostomy
tube Infusion pumps
End-tidal carbon dioxide monitors (pediatric and adult) Intravenous fluid administration tubing (adult and pediatric)
Infant medium- and high-concentration masks with tubing Y-bloodadministration tubing
MacIntosh laryngoscope blades (#1, #2, #3, #4) Extension tubing
Miller laryngoscope blades (#0, #1, #2) Three-way stopcocks
Endotracheal tube stylets (adult and pediatric)
Intravenous catheters,sizes 14- to 24-gauge
Magil forceps (adult and pediatric)
Intravenous solutions(plastic bags)
Booted hemostat
1000 mL, 500 mL of normal saline
Cuffed endotracheal tubes (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0)
1000 mL of Ringers lactate
Uncuffed endotracheal tubes (2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0)
250 mL of 5% dextrose
Laryngoscope handles (adult and pediatric)
Extra laryngoscope batteries and light bulbs Irrigating syringe (60 mL), catheter tip
Kelley clamp
Nasopharyngeal airways (#26, #30)
Oral airways (#0, #1, #2, #3, #4) Hypodermic needles, assorted sizes
Scalpel with blade for cricothyroidotomy Hypodermic syringes, assortedsizes
Needle cricothyroidotomy kit Normal saline forirrigation
Water-soluble lubricant Pressurebags for fluid administration
Nasal cannulas (adult and pediatric)
Pulse oximeter with multiple site adhesive or reusable sensors
Oxygen tubing
Salem sump nasogastric tubes, assorted sizes
PEEP valve (adjustable)
Soft restraints for upper and lower extremities
Adhesive tape
Stethoscope
Aerosol medication delivery system (nebulizer)
Suction apparatus
Alcohol swabs
Suction catheters (#5, #8, #10, #14,tonsil)
Arm boards (adult and pediatric)
Surgical dressings (sponges, Kling,Kerlix)
Arterial line tubing
Tourniquets for venipuncture/IV access
Bone marrow needle (for pediatric infusion)
Trauma scissors
Blood pressure cuffs (neonatal, infant, child, adult large and small)
The following are considered as
Butterflyneedles (23-gauge, 25-gauge)
needed Transcutaneous pacemaker
Communications backup (e.g., cellular telephone)
Neonatal/pediatric isolette
Defibrillator electrolytepads or jelly Spinal immobilization device
Dextrostix Transport ventilator
Rekomendasi Minimum obat darurat
selama Transport
Lidocaine, 100
Adenosine, 6 mg/2 mL
mg/10 mL
Albuterol, 2.5 mg/2 mL
Lidocaine, 2 g/10
Amiodarone, 150 mg/3 mL
mL
Atropine, 1 mg/10 mL
Mannitol, 50 g/50
Calcium chloride, 1 g/10 mL
mL
Cetacaine/Hurricaine spray
Magnesium
sulfate, 1 g/2 mL Dextrose 25%, 10 mL
Methylprednisolon Dextrose 50%, 50 mL
e, 125 mg/2 mL Digoxin, 0.5 mg/2 mL
Metoprolol, 5 Diltiazem, 25 mg/5 mL
mg/5 mL Diphenhydramine, 50 mg/1
Skor Sistem Pra Transportasi
Markakis et al 2006
Risk Score for Transport
Patients
(Risk Score for the Inter-
Hospital Patient Transfer)
TEMPAT KEJADIAN
Jenis alat Transportasi
1.Transportasi Tanpa Alat
2.Transportasi dengan Alat
1.Ground ambulance
2.Air Ambulance
ALAT TRANSPORTASI GAWAT DARURAT
KEMUNGKINAN MORBIDITAS SELAMA TRANSPORTASI :
I.GANGGUAN FISIOLOGI TUBUH
Cyanosis atau respiratory arrest atau keduanya
Cardiac arrest
Hypotensi
Aritmia
Penurunan kesadaran
Hilangnya reflex brainstem
Hipotermia
Hipoglikemi
Craddle Method /
DRAG METHOD (Diseret)
Firefighter’s Carry(dibopong)
TRANSPORTASI TANPA
ALAT
Memakai Kursi
Transportasi dengan Alat Bantu
Dengan Selimut
Alat Bantu Transportasi
Beberapa aturan terkait dengan pengangkatan dan
pemindahan korban
• Pemindahan korban dilakukan apabila diperlukan betul dan
tidak membahyakan penolong
Terangkan secara jelas pada korban apa yang akan dilakukan
agar korban dapat kooperatif
• Libatkan penolong lain.Yakinkan penolong lain mengerti apa
yang akan dikerjakan
• Pertolongan pemindahan dibawah satu komando agar dapat
dikerjakan secara bersamaan
• Pakailah cara mengangkat korban dengan teknik yang benar
agar tidak menambah cedera yang lebih berat
Transportasi dengan Alat Bantu
SCOP STRETCHER /
LONG SPINE BOARD Orthopaedic Strecher
Untuk Jarak Jauh Untuk jarak pendek
(antar tempat tidur)
Transportasi dengan Alat Bantu
Tandu Portabel
Transportasi dengan Alat
Bantu
Stair Chair
Short Spine
Board
Vest-Type Extrication
Device
Basket Stretcher
(sering digunakan padavertical
rescue)
Vakum
Matras
Memindahkan pasien dengan curiga cedera
spinal
• Immobilisasi kepala, leher dan spinal
sebelum transportasi
Kecurigaan cedera cervical
spinal
Ada jejas di atas klavikula
Moi (Mekanism of injury)
Defisit neurologis
Multiple fraktur
Penurunan Kesadaran
Memindahkan pasien tanpa adanya cedera
spinal
Ambulances
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Ambulans merangkap kereta jenazah
45
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Ambulance
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KENDARAAN TRANSPORTASI
AMBULANS
TIMBANG TERIMAKAN
KEPADA PETUGAS
RS RUJUKAN DI BAGIAN
PENERIMAAN PASIEN
(RUANG RESUSITASI)
Terima kasih
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