PATOFISIOLOGI HIPERTENSI

NAMA KELOMPOK 1

ALMESYA 1601003
ANNISA MARDHATILLAH 1601004
IRFIA ANITA 1601020
NADIA ISMALINDA 1601117
TIWI MUSLIMA 1801005
INTAN SAPHIRA PRAPESTI 1801008
YULIANA EKA SAFITRI 1801014
MIA FRANSISKA 1801018

WAKTU PERSENTASE: Rabu,

KELAS : 2018A 04 MARET 2020 08.00 WIB
 01 DEFINISI HIPERTENSI

Agenda
TOPIK KLASIFIKASI/PEMBAGIAN
02
Style
PEMBAHASAN HIPERTENSI

03 TEKANAN DARAH

04 KLASIFIKASI TEKANAN
DARAH

05 ETIOLOGI HIPERTENSI

06 FAKTOR RESIKO

FAKTOR YANG

07 BERKONTRIBUSI TERHDAP
TERBENTUKNYA HIPERTENSI

08 PROSES TERJADINYA
HIPERTENSI
 DEFINISI
HIPERTENSI

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 DEFINISI
HIPERTENSI

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KLASIFIKASI/PEMBAGIAN
HIPERTENSI

Berdasarkan penyebabnya,hipertensi dibedakan menjadi

2 kelompok, yaitu :

1. Hipertensi Essensial atau hipertensi primer yang tidak

diketahui penyebabnya (90%)
2. Hipertensi Sekunder, Penyebabnya dapat ditentukan
(10%), antara lain kelainan pembuluh darah ginjal,
gangguan kelenjar tiroid (hipertiroid), penyakit kelenjar
adrenal
Text (hiperaldosteronisme)
Here dll.
Text Here Text Here
KLASIFIKASI BERDASARKAN
ETIOLOGI

a. Hipertensi Esensial (Primer)

Hipertensi esensial merupakan
hipertensi yang sampai saat ini belum
diketahui penyebabnya secara pasti.
Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi
terjadinya hipertensi esensial, yakni
faktor genetik, psikologis, lingkungan,
serta diet.

Pada tahap awal terjadinya hipertensi

esensial, curah jantung meningkat
sedangkan tahanan perifer normal.
Text Here Text Here Hal ini

disebabkan adanya peningkatan aktivitas

simpatik. Selanjutnya, curah jantung
kembali normal sedangkan tahanan perifer
meningkat yang disebabkan oleh refleks
autoregulasi. Hipertensi esensial berjalan
tanpa gejala dan baru timbul gejala setelah
terjadi komplikasi pada organ target
KLASIFIKASI BERDASARKAN
ETIOLOGI

b. Hipertensi Sekunder
Hipertensi sekunder merupakan
hipertensi yang penyebab dan
patofisiologinya diketahui. Penyebab
hipertensi sekunder diakibatkan oleh
beberapa hal berikut, yakni hipertensi
renal (kelainan parenkim ginjal,
pembuluh darah ginjal, adanya tumor,
retensi natrium.

Hipertensi akibat pengaruh obat-obatan,

hipertensi
Textakibat
Here kelainan neurologis
Text Here
(peningkatan tekanan intrakranial,
guillain-barre syndrome, dan stroke),
hipertensi disertai obstructive sleep
apnea (OSA), hipertensi akibat kelainan
pembuluh aorta (koarktasio aorta), serta
hipertensi yang diinduksi oleh kehamilan.
 KLASIFIKASI HIPERTENSI
TERHADAP DERAJAT HIPERTENSI

Klasifikasi hipertensi berdasarkan derajat

hipertensi dapat dibagi dalam beberapa
kategori menurut 2 klasifikasi. Pertama,
dari Seventh Report of the Joint National
Committee on Prevention, Detection,
Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood
Pressure (JNC 7), dan kedua dari
European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and
European Society of Hypertension (ESH)
guidelines tahun 2013. Untuk pembagian
hipertensi berdasarkan klasifikasinya dibagi Text Here
Text Here
berdasarkan
tabel :
 KLASIFIKASI HIPERTENSI
LAINNYA

a) Krisis Hipertensi (Emergency Hypertension)

Krisis Hipertensi merupakan keadaan peningkatan
tekanan darah sistolik >180 mmHg dan tekanan darah
diastolik >120 mmHg. Menurut klasifikasi JNC 7, Krisis
Hipertensi tidak ikut disertakan dalam 3 stadium
klasifikasi Hipertensi. Akan tetapi, Krisis Hipertensi
merupakan keadaan yang khusus dan bersifat gawat
darurat sehingga memerlukan tatalaksana yang lebih
agresif. Hal ini disebabkan karena Krisis Hipertensi
disertai dengan kerusakan organ target sehingga harus
Kerusakan organ target meliputi
ditanggulangi segera dalam waktu 1 jam.
ensefalopati, perdarahan intrakranial,
Text Here Text Here
UAP (Unstable Angina Pectoris), infark
miokard akut, gagal jantung kiri akut
dengan atau tanpa edema paru, diseksi
atau aneurisma aorta, gagal ginjal, dan
eklamsia (pada ibu hamil).
KLASIFIKASI HIPERTENSI
LAINNYA

b) Hipertensi Urgensi (Urgency Hypertension)

Hipertensi Urgensi merupakan suatu keadaan yang
mirip dengan krisis hipertensi (tekanan darah sistolik >
180 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik > 120 mmHg),
akan tetapi tanpa disertai kerusakan organ target.
Hipertensi Urgensi tidak dimasukkan juga ke dalam
klasifikasi JNC 7, akan tetapi juga merupakan suatu
keadaan yang khusus dimana tekanan darah ini harus
diturunkan dalam waktu 24 jam dengan pemberian
obat antihipertensi. Text Here Text Here
TEKANAN DARAH
HIPERTENSI

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TEKANAN DARAH
HIPERTENSI

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KLASIFIKASI TEKANAN DARAH
HIPERTENSI

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KLASIFIKASI TEKANAN DARAH
HIPERTENSI

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 ETIOLOGI HIPERTENSI

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 FAKTOR RESIKO
HIPERTENSI

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FAKTOR YANG BERKONTRIBUSI TERHDAP
TERBENTUKNYA HIPERTENSI

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 PROSES TERJADINYA HIPERTENSI

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Sinta.2015. jurnal Klasifikasi hipertensi. Bali : Udayana

THANK YOU
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