Pentosa 1
Pentosa 1
Tempat di SITOSOL
Dekarboksilasi
Aldo + Keto pentosa
Jalur HMP:
Fase Oksidativ & Non-oksidativ
• Fase Oksidativ
– Menghasilkan NADPH
– Ireversibel
• Fase Non-oksidativ
– Menghasilkan ribosa-5-P
– Reversibel
Fase Oksidativ
Non-oxidative Phase
Ru5P
RuP3E R5PI
F6P
Xu5P R5P
TK
G3P
E4P S7P
Glycolysis Nucleotides
TA TK
F6P G3P
HMP CO2
2 3
Skema UMUM dari HMP Shunt
HMP Shunt
Reaksi keseluruhan sebagai berikut:
Xylulose-5-PO4 Erythrose-4-PO4
Ribose-5-PO4 Fructose-6-PO4
Glyceraldehyde-3-PO4
Sedoheptulose-7-PO4
18 carbons
3 Glucose-6-PO4 + 6 NADP+ + 3H2O
3 carbons 12 carbons
6 NADPH + 6H+ + 3CO2 + 2 Fructose-6-PO4
3 carbons
+ Glyceraldehyde-3-PO4
18 = 3 + 12 + 3
Note that:
1. For each glucose oxidized, 2 NADPHs are formed
2. Sedohepulose-7-PO4, erythrose-4-PO4 are strictly
intermediates
3. Fructose-6-PO4 is never used as an intermediate
4. Glyceraldehyde-3-PO4 is both an intermediate and final
product
Pengendalian
• Glukosa-6-P dehydrogenase
– Tahap pertama
– Rate limiting
• Pengendalian Allosterik
– Feedback inhibited oleh NADPH
• Enzim Indusibel
– Diinduksi oleh insulin
3. Significance of pentose
Phosphate pathway
1) To supply ribose 5-phosphate for bio-
synthesis of nucleic acid;
2) To supply NADPH as H-donor in
metabolism;
NADPH is very important “reducing
power” for the synthesis of fatty acids
and cholesterol, and amino acids, etc.
NADPH is the coenzyme of glutathione
reductase to keep the normal level of
reduced glutathione;
H2O2 2GSH NADP+
glutathione reductase
• Enzim Antioksidant
– Superoxid dismutase
– Glutathion peroxidase
– Glutathion reductase
DEFEK Jalur PENTOSA FOSFAT
Defisiensi G6PD dapat mengakibat anemia hemolitik
anemia
genetic defects.
(1)Orang dengan aktivitas G6PD rendah (<60%),
bila terpapar senyawa oksidan (misal., aspirin,
primaquine, sulfonamid, dan nitrofurans) dapat
me radikal bebas mengakibatkan kerusakan
membran sel eritrosit anemia hemolitik.