Intoksikasi

metanol
PEMBIMBING : dr. Vici, sp.PD
 Latar belakang

Mengkonsumsi alkohol atau minuman

keras (miras) merupakan perilaku yang
biasa dilakukan oleh sekelompok orang
dalam mengekspresikan suatu acara,
misalnya dalam pesta atau perpisahan
tahun.
dioplos dengan alkohol industri (metanol) maupun
dengan obat herbal seperti obat kuat atau suplemen
kesehatan. Miras oplosan biasanya dibuat dan
dijual secara ilegal.

pada rentang bulan Desember 2013-2014 tercatat 74 orang korban meninggal

dan 192 korban lainya di rawat di rumah sakit akibat minuman oplosan dan dua
diantara korban meninggal merupakan warga 2 negara asing (Mulyadi, 2014). 2
Campuran yang digunakan sebagai minuman oplosan bermacam-
macam, salah satu diantaranya yaitu methanol. Metanol sering
digunakan sebagai campuran minuman oplosan dikarenakan harga
metanol yang relatif lebih murah, produk seperti ini disebut alkohol
denaturasi. Metanol biasa digunakan sebagai pelarut organik,
merupakan jenis alkohol yang mempunyai struktur paling
sederhana, tetapi paling toksik pada manusia. Keracunan akibat
metanol biasanya terjadi karena overdosis yang secara sengaja
atau tidak tertelan sehingga menyebabkan asidosis metabolik.
Metabolisme metanol sebagian besar terjadi di hepar, karena itu
salah satu organ yang mengalami kerusakan akibat metanol adalah
hepar.
Ada dua jenis alkohol yang amat mirip baik dalam
penampilan,bau maupun rasanya yaitu etanol dan
metanol. Etanol adalah bahan dasar pembuatan
minuman keras (beverage) dengan kadar bervariasi,
sedangkan metanol tidak pernah dipakai untuk
campuran miras dan hanya digunakan dalam industri
dan dalam bahasa sehari-hari dinamakan dengan
spiritus.
Rumus kimia dari metanol adalah CH3OH dan dikenal
dengan nama lain yaitu metil alkohol, metal hidrat,
metil karbinol, wood alkohol, atau spiritus. Pada
keadaan atmosfer metanol berbentuk cairan yang
ringan, mudah menguap, tidak berwarna, mudah
terbakar dan beracun dengan bau yang khas. Metanol
merupakan senyawa kimia yang sangat beracun bila
dibandingkan dengan etanol (Cline, 2012).
6
 IDENTIFYING
INFORMATION

Keracunan metanol dapat kebutaan yang permanen

kematian dapat
menimbulkan gangguan kesadaran terjadi setelah
(inebriation) periode laten selama
6-30 jam
7
Efek kesehatan yang ditimbulkan dari etanol antara lain dapat menyebabkan perasaan
senang (euforia), pusing, mengantuk, depresi sistem syaraf pusat (SSP), mual,
muntah, nyeri perut, diare, pankreatitis, hepatitis akut, perdarahan pada saluran
pencernaan, ataksia, disorientasi, inkoordinasi otot, paralisis otot, depresi pernafasan,
gagal nafas, aspirasi paru, edema paru, pneumonitis, asidosis metabolik, ketoasidosis,
hipoglikemia, bradikardia, hipotensi, amnesia, penurunan tingkat kesadaran, kejang,
pingsan, koma dan jika etanol dikonsumsi dalam dosis tinggi dapat menyebabkan
kematian.
 PATIENT
MEDICAL
HISTORY

AGE: 25 - 35
GENDER: Female
ALLERGIES: None
LOCATION: Madrid,
Spain

Despite being red, Mars is a Jupiter is a gas giant and the Saturn is the ringed one. It’s a
cold place, not hot. It’s full of biggest planet in our Solar System gas giant, composed mostly of
iron oxide dust hydrogen and helium

2005 2008 2014

9
REVIEW OF
SYSTEMS

Despite being red, Mars is a Jupiter is a gas giant and the Saturn is the ringed one. It’s
cold place. The planet is full biggest planet in our Solar composed mostly of
of iron oxide dust System hydrogen and helium

1
0
 PHYSICAL
EXAMINATION

SATURN
Saturn is the ringed one. It’s
composed mostly of hydrogen
and helium

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a cold
place. The planet is full of iron
oxide dust

JUPITER
Jupiter is a gas giant and the
biggest planet in our Solar
System
1
1
 RESULTS

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and

the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s
only a bit larger than our Moon. The
planet’s name has nothing to do with the
liquid metal since it was named after the
Roman messenger god, Mercury

1
2
FINDINGS

EVOLUTION PREVALENCE

10% 30% 40% 20%

If you want to modify these graphs, click on them, follow the

link, change the data and replace them
200,000,000
BIG NUMBER

1
3
 DR. JENNA JAMES
DISCUSSION “Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place, not hot. It’s full of
iron oxide dust, which gives the
planet its reddish cast”

DR. JOHN DOE

“Jupiter is a gas giant and the
biggest planet in our Solar
System. It’s the fourth-brightest
object in the sky”

DR. DANIEL
PATTERSON
“Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in
our Solar System. It’s only a bit
larger than our Moon”

1
4
DISCUSSIO
N
SUMMARY

01
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the
Solar System—it’s only a bit larger
than our Moon

02
Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot—even hotter than
Mercury
COMPARISON

MERCUR
JUPITER VENUS MARS
Y

1
6
DIAGNOSIS
Despite being red, Mars is a cold
place, not hot

Mercury is the closest Jupiter is the biggest planet in our

planet to the Sun Solar System

Venus has a beautiful name, but Neptune is the farthest planet

it’s terribly hot from the Sun

1
7
TREATMENT

VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the second planet
from the Sun. It’s hotter
than Mercury and its
atmosphere is poisonous

MERCUR
Y
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the
smallest one in the Solar
System—it’s only a bit
larger than our Moon

1
8
 PATIENT
MONITORIN
G
Mercury is the closest planet to the WEEK 1 WEEK 2 Despite being red, Mars is a cold
Sun and the smallest one place, not hot

MERCU MERCU
RY RY
MARS MARS

SATURN SATURN

MERCU MERCU
RY RY
MARS MARS

SATURN SATURN

Jupiter is the biggest planet in our Saturn is a gas giant, composed

Solar System WEEK 3 WEEK 4 mostly of hydrogen and helium

1
9
CONTRAINDICATI
ONS &
INDICATIONS

1. Here you can describe the reason to 1. Here you can describe the reason to
stop the treatment carry on with the treatment

2. Here you can describe the reason to 2. Here you can describe the reason to
stop the treatment carry on with the treatment

3. Here you can describe the reason to 3. Here you can describe the reason to
stop the treatment carry on with the treatment

4. Here you can describe the reason to 4. Here you can describe the reason to
stop the treatment carry on with the treatment

2
0
 POST-
PREVENTION

Despite being red, Mars is a cold

place, not hot
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun

Venus has a beautiful name, but Neptune is the farthest planet

it’s terribly hot from the Sun

2
1
CASE TIMELINE

Jupiter is the biggest The Sun is the star at the

planet in our Solar center of the Solar
System System

1 2 3 4

Mercury is the smallest Despite being red, Mars

planet in our Solar is a cold place, not hot
System

2
2
CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONS
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest
one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than our
Moon. The planet’s name has nothing to do with the
liquid metal since it was named after the Roman
messenger god, Mercury

2
3
REFERENCES

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher

2
4
OUR TEAM
JOHN PATTERSON
Here you can talk a bit about
this person

HELENA JAMES
Here you can talk a bit about
this person

JENNA DOE
Here you can talk a bit about
this person

2
5
THANKS
Does anyone have any questions?

addyouremail@freepik.com
+91 620 421 838
yourcompany.com

2
6
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