EPIDEMOLOGI PENYAKIT TIDAK

MENULAR
“STROKE”
NURCAHYANI
J1A1 19 061
Latar
Belakang Stroke merupakan kerusakan organ target pada otak yang diakibatkan
oleh Hipertensi. Stroke timbul karena perdarahan, tekanan intra kranial
yang meninggi, atau akibat embolus yang terlepas dari pembuluh non otak
yang terpajan tekanan tinggi.
Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) stroke merupakan gejala
yang didefinisikan suatu gangguan fungsional otak yang terjadi secara
mendadak dengan tanda dan gejala klinik baik fokal maupun global yang
berlangsung 24 jam atau lebih. Stroke di Indonesia juga mengalami
peningkatan prevalensi. Di Indonesia penyakit ini menduduki posisi ketiga
setelah jantung dan kanker. Pada tahun 2007, hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar
(Riskesdas) menunjukkan data 8, 3 per 1000 penduduk menderita stroke.
Sedangkan pada tahun 2013, terjadi peningkatan yaitu sebesar 12,1%.
Stroke juga menjadi penyebab kematian utama di hampir semua rumah
sakit di Indonesia, yakni sebesar 14,5%. Jumlah penderita stroke di
Indonesia menurut diagnosis tenaga kesehatan (Nakes) pada tahun 2013,
diperkirakan sebanyak 1.236.825 orang dari seluruh penderita stroke yang
terdata, sebanyak 80% merupakan jenis stroke iskemik (Wicaksana,eatall,
2017).
 Rumusan Masalah
01 03 05
Bagaiamana Gambaran Bagaimana Cara
Apa Yang Dimaksud
Epidemiologi Mengenai Pencegahan Penyakit
Dengan Stroke?
Penyakit Stroke? Stroke

02 04
Apa Sajakah Penyebab Apa Saja Faktor Faktor
Penyakit Stroke? Resiko Penyakit Stroke?
 Tujuan
Untuk mengetahui suatu
konsep ilmu yang membahas
tentang penyakit stroke dan
gambaran epidemiologi serta
faktor faktor resiko terhadap
gejala dan pencegahan penyakit
stroke.
STROKE
Stroke disebut juga brain attack atau
serangan otak yang selalu terjadi
secara tiba-tiba dengan berbagai
macam gejala.
Penyebab Stroke
01 Stroke Iskomik

 Oklusi Pembuluh Darah Otak

 Aterosklerosis
 Spesifik lainnya (diseksi, vaskulitis,
kelainan genetik spesifik, dan
lain-lain)

02 Stroke Hemoragik
 intracerebral hemorrhage
 subarachnoid hemorrhage
 Gambaran Epidemologi
Prevalensi Penyakit Tidak Menular Tahun 2018

Frekuensi
1.8% 3.8% 8.5% 34.1% 10.9%

Kanker Ginjal Kronis Diabetes Melitus Hipertensi Stroke

 Gambaran Epidemologi

Distribusi
 Faktor Risiko Penyakit Stroke
Hipertensi, Diabetes, Kolesterol Tinggi, Obesitas, Penyakit jantung, Sleep
01 Faktor Kesehatan
apnea dan Pernah mengalami TIA atau serangan jantung sebelumnya.

Merokok, Kurang olahraga atau aktivitas fisik dan

02 Faktor Gaya Hidup
Konsumsi Obat-obat terlarang

03 Faktor Lainnya Keturunan dan Usia

 Pencegahan Stroke

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 PATOFISIOLOGI STROKE
Patofisiologi stroke iskemik dibagi menjadi
dua bagian: vaskular dan metabolisme.
Iskemia terjadi disebabkan oleh oklusi 80% Progress
vaskular. Oklusi vaskular yang 05 Content here
menyebabkan iskemia ini dapat disebabkan
oleh emboli, thrombus, plak, dan penyebab
lainnya
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