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LAMPIRAN I
PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA
Bahan baku
: Propilena dan Oksigen
Produk
: Akrolein
Kapasitas Produksi
: 34.500 ton/tahun
Operasi
: 300 hari/tahun
Basis Perhitungan
: 1 jam operasi
Satuan Massa
: kg (kilogram)
Temperatur Referensi
: 25oC
Satuan Panas
: Kilo Joule (kJ)
Kapasitas Produksi
1 hari
24 jam
34500
ton
tahun
1tahun
300 hari
1000 kg
1 ton
= 4791.6667 kg/jam
Kemurnian Akrolein 97.4% (US 9,115,067 B1)
1) Massa Akrolein
= 97.4% x 4791.6667 kg
= 4666.1250 kg
Massa Impurities
= 4791.6667 kg - 4666.1250 kg
= 125.5417 kg
2) Mol Akrolein
= Massa Akrolein : BM
= 4666.1250 Kg/jam x 56.06 Kmol/Kg
= 83.3237 Kmol/jam
Kebutuhan Bahan Baku
Kebutuhan umpan C3H6 yaitu 4109.2484 kg/h dengan kemurnian C3H6
sebesar 99.4 % yang didistribusikan oleh PT. Chandra Asri.
Kemurnian C3H6
Kandungan C3H8
Mol C3H6
= 99.4 % x 4109.2484 kg/h
= 4084.5929 kg/jam
= 0.6 % x 4109.2484 kg/h
= 24.6555 kg/h
= 4084.5929 kg/h / 31.99 kmol/kg
= 97.2522 kmol/h
Berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1, rasio mol C3H6 : O2 yaitu 1:2
dengan kemurnian O2 sebesar 99.5%. Jumlah gas inert yang masuk kedalam
reactor berupa CO2, N2, C3H8, dan CO sebanyak 70% dari volume reaktan yang
masuk.
Kemurnian O2
Kandungan N2
Mol C3H6
= 99.5 % x 4409.3583 kg/h
= 4387.3115 kg/h
= 0.5 % x 4409.3583 kg/h
= 22.0468 kg/h
= 4387.3115 kg/h / 42.08 kmol/kg
= 137.1035 kmol/h
Tabel 1. Berat Molekul Senyawa
Senyawa
Rumus Molekul
Berat Molekul
Propylene
C3H6
42.08
Oksigen
O2
31.99
Air
H2O
18.02
Acrolein
C3H4O
56.06
Asam krilat
C3H4O2
72.06
Karbondioksida
CO2
44.01
Asetaldehid
C2H4O
44.05
Nitrogen
N2
28.01
Propana
C3H8
44.1
Karbonmonoksida
CO
28.01
A. PERHITUNGAN
1. REAKTOR (R-01)
Fungsi
: Meraksikan Propilena dengan Oksigen untuk menghasilkan
produk Akrolein.
Gambar
Keterangan
Aliran 6 = Aliran masuk Propilena (C3H6)
Aliran 9 = Aliran masuk Oksigen (O2)
Aliran 3 = Aliran masuk Karbon Dioksida (CO2)
Aliran 23= Aliran masuk Recycle dari KOD-01
Kondisi Operasi , berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1 :
Temperatur
= 280 oC
Tekanan
= 3.4 atm
Konversi
= 98% terhadap Propilen
Jenis Reaktor = Fixed Bed Reactor
Reaksi Utama :
a. Reaksi 1
Berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1 jumlah C3H6 yang bereaksi
dalam reactor sebesar 98% mole, maka :
Mol C3H6 awal
= 97.2522 kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 4084.5929 Kg/jam
Mol C3H6 bereaksi
= 98% x 97.2522 kmol/jam
= 97.1878 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 4081.8856 Kg/jam
Mol C3H6 sisa
= (97.2522 - 97.1878) Kmol/jam
= 1.9834 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 83.3038 Kg/jam
Selektivitas dari C3H6 sebanyak 92% dari propilen bereaksi akan
membentuk C3H4O.
C3H6
Propilen
M 97.1878
+ O2
C3H4O
Oksigen
Akrolein
Air
198.3424
B
89.4127
+ H2O
89.4127
(-)
89.4127
89.412
(+
89.412
7.7750
Perhitungan :
108.9296
89.4127
a) Mol C3H6 mula mula
= 97.1878 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 4081.8856 Kg/jam
b) Mol C3H6 Bereaksi
= 92% x 97.1878 kmol/jam
= 89.4127 kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 3755.3347 Kg/jam
c) Mol C3H6 sisa
= (97.1878 - 89.4127) kmol/jam
= 7.7750 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 326.5508 Kg/jam
d) Mol O2 mula mula
= 198.3424 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 6346.9552 Kg/jam
e) Mol O2 Bereaksi
= (1) x 89.4127 kmol/jam
= 89.4127 kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 2861.2074 Kg/jam
f) Mol O2 sisa
= (198.3424 - 89.4127) Kmol/jam
= 108.9296 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3485.747805 Kg/jam
g) Mol C3H4O terbentuk
= (1) x 89.4127 kmol/jam
= 89.4127 kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 5007.1130 Kg/jam
h) Mol H2O Terbentuk
= (1) x 89.4127 kmol/jam
= 89.4127 kmol/jam x 18.02 Kg/Kmol
= 1609.4292 Kg/jam
Reaksi Samping :
b. Reaksi 2
Berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1, komponen C3H4O sebanyak
6.79% akan bereaksi dengan O2 membentuk produk samping berupa CO2,
H2O, dan C3H4O2, maka :
Mol C3H4O awal
= 89.4127 kmol/jam
Mol C3H4O bereaksi
= 6.79% x 89.4127 kmol/jam
= 6.0711 Kmol/jam
Mol C3H4O sisa
= (89.4127 - 6.0711) Kmol/jam
= 83.3416 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 4667.1300 Kg/jam
Selektivitas dari C3H4O sebanyak 64.33% dari C3H4O bereaksi akan
membentuk CO2 dan H2O.
2
C3H4O
+ 7/2 O2
3 CO2
Akrolei
+ H2O
Karbondioksis
Oksigen
M 6.0711
108.9296
Air
B
S
(+
3.9056
13.6694
2.1656
95.2602
(-)
11.7167
7.8111 )
11.7167
7.8111
Perhitungan :
a) Mol C3H4O mula mula
= 6.0711 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
b) Mol C3H4O Bereaksi
c) Mol C3H4O sisa
d) Mol O2 mula mula
= 339.9830 Kg/jam
= 64.33% x 6.0711 kmol/jam
= 3.9056 kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 218.7110 Kg/jam
= (6.0711 - 3.9056) kmol/jam
= 2.1656 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 121.2719 Kg/jam
= 108.9296 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3485.7478 Kg/jam
= (7/2) x 3.9056 kmol/jam
= 13.6694 kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 437.4221 Kg/jam
= (108.9296 - 3.9056) Kmol/jam
= 95.2602 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3048.3257 Kg/jam
e) Mol O2 Bereaksi
f) Mol O2 sisa
g) Mol CO2 terbentuk
= (3) x 3.9056 kmol/jam
= 11.7167 kmol/jam x 44.01 Kg/Kmol
= 515.5332 Kg/jam
h) Mol H2O Terbentuk
= (2) x 3.9056 kmol/jam
= 7.8111 kmol/jam x 18.02 Kg/Kmol
= 140.6000 Kg/jam
c. Reaksi 3
Selektivitas dari C3H4O sebanyak 35.7% dari C3H4O bereaksi akan
membentuk C3H4O2.
C3H4O
Akrolein
M 2.1656
B
S
2.1656
2.1656
1/2 O2
C3H4O2
Asam
Oksigen
95.2602
Akrilat
(+
1.0828
94.1774
(-)
2.1656
2.1656
Perhitungan :
a) Mol C3H4O mula mula
= 2.1656 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 121.2719 Kg/jam
= 35.67%% x 6.0711 kmol/jam
= 2.1656 kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 121.2719 Kg/jam
= (2.1656 - 2.1656) kmol/jam
= 0 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 0 Kg/jam
b) Mol C3H4O Bereaksi
c) Mol C3H4O sisa
d) Mol O2 mula mula
= 95.2602 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3048.3257 Kg/jam
e) Mol O2 Bereaksi
= (1/2) x 2.1656 kmol/jam
= 1.0828 kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 34.6491 Kg/jam
= (95.2602 - 1.0828) Kmol/jam
= 94.1774 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3013.6766 Kg/jam
f) Mol O2 sisa
g) Mol C3H4O2 terbentuk
= (1) x 2.1656 kmol/jam
= 2.1656 kmol/jam x 72.06 Kg/Kmol
= 155.9210 Kg/jam
d. Reaksi 4
Selektivitas dari C3H6 sebanyak 6.31% dari Propilen bereaksi akan
membentuk CO2 dan H2O.
C3H6
Propilen
M 7.7750
B
S
6.1325
1.6425
9/2 O2
3 CO2
Karbondioksid
Oksigen
94.1774
+ 3 H2O
Air
(+
27.5965
66.5809
(-)
18.3976
18.3976
18.3976
18.3976
Perhitungan :
a) Mol C3H6 mula mula
= 7.7750 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 326.5508 Kg/jam
b) Mol C3H6 Bereaksi
= 6.31% x 97.1878 kmol/jam
= 6.1325 kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 257.5670 Kg/jam
= (7.7750 - 6.1325) kmol/jam
= 1.6425 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 68.9839 Kg/jam
c) Mol C3H6 sisa
d) Mol O2 mula mula
= 94.1774 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 3013.6766 Kg/jam
= (9/2) x 6.1325 kmol/jam
= 27.5965 kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 883.0868 Kg/jam
= (94.1774 - 27.5965) Kmol/jam
= 66.5809 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 2130.5898 Kg/jam
e) Mol O2 Bereaksi
f) Mol O2 sisa
g) Mol CO2 terbentuk
= (3) x 6.1325 kmol/jam
= 18.3976 kmol/jam x 44.01 Kg/Kmol
= 809.4962 Kg/jam
h) Mol H2O Terbentuk
= (3) x 6.1325 kmol/jam
= 18.3976 kmol/jam x 18.02 Kg/Kmol
= 331.1575 Kg/jam
e. Reaksi 5
Selektivitas dari C3H6 sebanyak 1.69% dari Propilen bereaksi akan
membentuk C2H4O, H2O, dan CO2.
C3H6
Propile
+ 2 O2
Oksige
n
66.580
1.6425
C2H4O
+ H2O
Asetaldehi
d
Air
CO2
Karbondioksi
da
1.642
1.6425
3.2849
63.296
S
Perhitungan :
(-) 1.6425
1.6425
(+
5
1.642
1.6425
1.6425
a) Mol C3H6 mula mula
b) Mol C3H6 Bereaksi
c) Mol C3H6 sisa
= 1.6425 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 68.9839 Kg/jam
= 1.69% x 97.1878 kmol/jam
= 1.6425 kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 68.9839 Kg/jam
= (1.6425 - 1.6425) kmol/jam
= 0 Kmol/jam x 42.08 Kg/Kmol
= 0 Kg/jam
d) Mol O2 mula mula
e) Mol O2 Bereaksi
f) Mol O2 sisa
= 66.5809 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 2130.5898 Kg/jam
= (2) x 1.6425 kmol/jam
= 3.2849 kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 105.1183 Kg/jam
= (66.5809 - 3.2849) Kmol/jam
= 63.2960 Kmol/jam x 31.99 Kg/Kmol
= 2025.4715 Kg/jam
g) Mol CO2 terbentuk
= (1) x 3.2849 kmol/jam
= 3.2849 kmol/jam x 44.01 Kg/Kmol
= 72.2688 Kg/jam
h) Mol H2O Terbentuk
= (1) x 3.2849 kmol/jam
= 3.2849 kmol/jam x 18.02 Kg/Kmol
= 29.5645 Kg/jam
i) Mol C2H4O Terbentuk
= (1) x 3.2849 Kmol/jam
= 3.2849 Kmol/jam x 44.05 Kg/Kmol
= 72.2688 Kg/jam
Neraca Massa Reaktor (R-01)
Senyawa
C3H6
Aliran 6
4084.592
9
Input
Aliran
Aliran 9
3
0.0000
4387.311
Aliran 23
Aliran 10
0.0000
80.5964
83.3038
0.0000
1959.6437
2025.4715
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
41802.103
2110.7512
4667.1300
155.9210
43206.308
8
0.0000
656.3160
733.9750
1.0332
45233.668
8
72.2688
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
o2
0.0000
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
5
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
co2
0.0000
0.0000
6.9068
C2H4O
N2
c3H8
co
0.0000
0.0000
24.6555
0.0000
4109.248
0.0000
22.0468
0.0000
0.0000
4409.358
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0347
Total
Output
6.9415
3
53759.2164
53759.216
4
2. Absorber (AB-01)
Fungsi
: Menyerap C3H4O, C3H4O2, H2O, dan C2H4O dari aliran gas
keluaran reactor (R-01) menggunakan larutan Asam Akrilat 30%.
Aliran 14
Aliran 60
Aliran 13
Aliran 24
Keterangan : Aliran 13 = Aliran masuk Gas dari R-01
Aliran 14 = Aliran gas keluar menuju PC-01
Aliran 60 = Aliran masuk larutan Asam Akrilat 30%
Aliran 24 = Aliran keluar larutan absorben.
Kondisi Operasi : (Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1)
P
= 2.4 atm
T gas out
= 75oC
T liq in
= 35oC
Rasio L:G = 4:1
Solven
= Larutan Asam Akrilat 30%.
Dengan trial and error didapatkan suhu solven saat keluar dari Absorber
T liq out
= 45.17 oC
Tabel 2. Komposisi Inlet Gas
Kmol/ja
Komponen
C3H6
O2
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
m
1.9834
63.2960
117.2640
83.3416
2.1656
Kg/jam
83.3038
2025.4715
2110.7512
4667.1300
155.9210
43206.308
CO2
C2H4O
N2
C3H8
CO
981.9616
1.6425
24.2272
17.2416
0.0381
1293.161
8
72.2688
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
53759.216
Total
Perhitungan :
Distribusi Komponen terabsorbsi berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1 :
a. C3H4O
= 99.7 %
C3H4O bottom = 99.7% x 83.3416 Kmol/jam
= 80.8414 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 4527.1161 Kg/jam
C3H4O Top
= (83.3416 - 80.8414) Kmol/jam
= 2.5002 Kmol/jam x 56.06 Kg/Kmol
= 140.0139 Kg/jam
b. C2H4O
= 74.07 %
C2H4O bottom = 74.07% x 1.6425 Kmol/jam
= 1.2166 Kmol/jam x 44.05 Kg/Kmol
= 53.5295 Kg/jam
C2H4O top
= (1.6425 - 1.2166) Kmol/jam
= 0.4259 Kmol/jam x 44.05 Kg/Kmol
= 18.7393 Kg/jam
Tabel 4. Neraca Massa Total Absorber (Ab-01)
Senyaw
a
C3H6
o2
Inlet
Outlet
Aliran 13 Aliran 60
Aliran 14 Aliran 24
83.3038
0.0000
83.3038
0.0000
2025.4715
0.0000 2025.4715
0.0000
150525.806
152636.557
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
2110.7512
4667.1300
155.9210
43206.308
0
0.0000
64511.0597
0.0000
140.0139
0.0000
43206.308
2
4527.1161
64666.9808
co2
C2H4O
N2
c3H8
CO
8
72.2688
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
53759.216
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
215036.865
8
18.7393
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
46911.898
0.0000
53.5295
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
221884.183
Total
4
268796.0821
6
268796.0821
3. Knock Out Drum (KOD-01)
Fungsi
: Memisahkan kondensat pada aliran keluaran PCD-01.
Gambar
Keterangan : Aliran 15 = Aliran masuk Gas dan kondensat dari PCD-01
Aliran 16 = Aliran kondensat keluar menuju H-02
Aliran 19 = Aliran gas keluar menuju F-01
Kondisi Operasi :
P
= 2.4 atm
= 30 oC
Berdasarkan perhitungan dengan persamaan antoine, dapat diketahui
senyawa yang tidak terkondensasi pada suhu 30 oC dan tekanan 2.4 atm
bedasarkan titik didih komponen yaitu C3H6, CO, CO2, N2, C3H8, dan O2.
Sedangkan komponen yang bisa terkondensasi yaitu C3H4O dan C2H4O.
ln P =A
B
C+T
P
ki=
P
Yi=kixi
Tabel 3. Perhitungan titik didih komponen pada tekanan 2.4atm.
B
C3H6
15.7027 1807.53 -26.15 1810.4674
2
1.000
2
1.000
-26.6061
O2
15.4075
-6.45 1811.6549
9
1.000
9
1.000
-173.7837
C3H4O
15.9057 2606.53 -45.15 1810.0095
0
1.000
0
1.000
82.1309
CO2
22.5898 3103.39
-0.16 1810.0645
0
1.000
0
1.000
-67.3133
C2H4O
16.2418 2465.15 -37.15 1810.0652
0
1.000
0
1.000
46.0318
N2
C3H8
14.9542 588.72
-6.6 1811.4824
15.726 1872.46 -25.16 1810.1233
8
1.000
8
1.000
-187.5516
-20.3311
734.55
vP
ki
Yi
Tbp (oC)
1.000 1.000
Komponen
CO
14.3686
1
1.000
1
1.000
530.22 -13.15 1810.1117
Tabel 4. Neraca Massa Total KOD-01
Senyawa
Input
Output
Aliran
C3H6
o2
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Aliran 15
83.3038
2025.4715
0.0000
14.0014
0.0000
43206.308
16
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
14.0014
0.0000
Aliran 19
83.3038
2025.4715
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
43206.308
co2
C2H4O
N2
c3H8
CO
8
18.7393
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
46785.886
0.0000
18.7393
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
8
0.0000
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
46753.145
Total
32.7407
4
46785.8861
4. Tee (Tee-01)
Fungsi
= Memisahkan aliran yang akan di buang dan aliran recycle
menuju reactor.
Gamber
-182.7924
Keterangan :
Aliran 19 = Aliran masuk Tee-01
Aliran 21 = Aliran Gas Keluar menuju Purging
Aliran 20 = Aliran gas keluar menuju F-01
Kondisi Operasi :
P
= 2.4 atm
= 30 oC
Berdasarkan Patent No. US 9,115,067 B1, aliran purging yang diizinkan
yaitu 2.5% hingga 97.5% dari aliran maka dipilih aliran purging sebesar
3.25%.
Tabel 5. Neraca Massa Tee-01
Senyaw
Input
a
C3H6
o2
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Aliran 19
83.3038
2025.4715
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
43206.308
co2
C2H4O
Senyaw
8
0.0000
Input
Aliran 19
Output
Aliran 20
80.5964
1959.6437
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
41802.1038
0.0000
Output
Aliran 20
Aliran 21
2.7074
65.8278
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
1404.205
0
0.0000
Aliran 21
N2
c3H8
CO
Total
678.3628
758.6305
1.0679
46753.145
5. Kolom Distilasi (KD-01)
656.3160
733.9750
1.0332
45233.6682
46753.1454
22.0468
24.6555
0.0347
1519.477
2
Fungsi
: Memisahkan Air dari campuran senyawa organik
Gambar
Keterangan
: Aliran 26
= aliran feed KD-01
Aliran 29
= aliran Top produk KD-01
Aliran 43
= aliran Bottom produk KD-01
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur
= 101.3641 oC
Tekanan
= 1 atm
(Trial dan error)
a. Konstanta Tekanan Uap Murni Komponen
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
(Sumber: Yaws, 1999)
B
18.3036
15.9057
16.5617
16.2418
b. Komposisi Umpan Masuk KD-01
C
3816.44
2606.53
3319.18
2465.15
-46.13
-45.15
-80.15
-37.15
Kmol/ja
Komponen m
Kg/jam
8479.808
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4
7
83.0916
898.1525
1.2166
9462.269
152636.5572
4653.1286
64666.9808
53.5295
222010.1960
0.8962
0.0088
0.0949
0.0001
Total
Ditetapkan : Light Key
c.
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xfi
= Akrolein (C3H4O)
Heavy Key
= Air (H2O)
Komponen Referensi
= Air (H2O)
Data Hasil Perhitungan
Xf
0.896
2
0.008
8
0.094
9
0.000
1
1.000
Vp (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Yi = (Xf*Ki)
= ki/k ref
log
797.6907
1.0496
0.9406
1.0000
0.0000
2956.8327
3.8906
0.0342
3.7067
0.5690
197.5389
0.2599
0.0247
0.2476
-0.6062
7590.9269
9.9880
0.0013
9.5161
0.9785
1.0000
d. Distribusi Pemisahan Komponen
Distribusi Light Key (C3H4O)
Light Key (C3H4O) Dew
= 99%
= 99% X 83.0916 kmol/h
= 83.0833 kmol/h
Light Key (C4H6O) Bottom
= 83.0916 kmol/h - 83.0833 kmol/h
= 0.0083 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Light Key
Distribusi Heavy Key (H2O)
Heavy Key (H2O) Bottom
= 4.0000
= 99%
= 99% X 8479.8087 kmol/h
= 8473.4957 kmol/h
Heavy Key (H2O) Dew
= 8479.8087 kmol/h - 8473.4957 kmol/h
= 6.3130 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Heavy Key
Komponen
C3H4O
H2O
Total
= -3.1278
X = log
Y = log D/B XY
0.5690
4.0000
0
-3.1278
0.5690
0.8721
X^2
2.2759
0
2.2759
0.3238
0
0.3238
Persamaan garis lurus Y = aX + b
a (slope)
= [(n x XY) - (XY)] / [(n x (X2)) - 2X]
= 12.5270
b (intersept)
= [Y - (a x X)] / 2
= -3.1278
e. Distribusi komponen lain
Log (XD/XB) = Ax + B
Senyaw
a
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
(Van Winkle hal: 291)
m = log
Y = Ax + B
D/B
D (kmol/jam)
B (kmol/jam)
0.0000
0.5690
-0.6062
0.9785
-3.1278
4.0000
-10.7215
9.1294
0.0007
9999.0000
0.0000
1347025757.51
6.3130
83.0833
0.0000
1.2166
90.6129
8473.4957
0.0083
898.1525
0.0000
9371.6566
f. Kondisi Top KD-01 (Dew Point)
Kompon
Mol
en
Xd
6.313
BM
kg
18.00
113.634
H2O
0
83.08
0.0697
00
56.00
0
4652.66
C3H4O
33
0.000
0.9169
00
72.00
33
C3H4O2
0
1.216
0.0000
00
44.00
0.0000
C2H4O
6
90.61
0.0134
00
53.5295
4819.82
29
1.0000
Total
Kondisi Operasi
68
Temperatur
= 62.65770C (Trial & Error)
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
g. Data Hasil Dew Point
Kompone
Xd
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
0.0697
0.9169
0.0000
0.0134
1.0000
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Xi = Yi/Ki
168.8180
1030.7112
35.8303
2944.5238
0.2221
1.3562
0.0471
3.8744
0.3136
0.6761
0.0000
0.0035
0.9999
h. Kondisi Bottom KD-01 (Bubble Point)
Komponen
Mol
8473.49
Xb
BM
kg
152522.92
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
57
0.0083
898.152
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
18
56
72
32
0.4653
64666.980
C2H4O
5
0.0000
9371.65
0.0000
Total
66
1.0000
Kondisi Operasi :
44
8
0.0000
217190.36
93
Temperatur
= 102.1125 0C
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
i. Data Hasil Bubble Point
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xb
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Yi = Xb*ki
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
0.0000
1.0000
819.0526
3010.3632
203.2693
7714.7049
1.0777
3.9610
0.2675
10.1509
0.9744
0.0000
0.0256
0.0000
1.0000
j. Neraca massa Kolom Distilasi-01 (KD-01)
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
input
Aliran 26
152636.5572
4653.1286
64666.9808
53.5295
Total
222010.1960
Senyawa
Output
Aliran 29
Aliran 43
113.6340
152522.9232
4652.6633
0.4653
0.0000
64666.9808
53.5295
0.0000
4819.8268
217190.3693
222010.1960
6. CONDENSOR-01 (CD-01)
Fungsi
: Mengkondensasikan fraksi uap output top KD-01
Gambar
Keterangan :
V
: Aliran vapor ke CD-01
: Aliran refluks KD-01
: aliran distilat
Kondisi operasi,
T
= 62.6577 oC
= 1 atm
(trial dan error)
teta () = 0.2294
(trial dan error)
a. Komposisi Umpan Kondenser-01 (CD-01)
Senyaw
a
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Xf
Xd
(-)/
Xf/(-)/
XD/(-)/
0.8962
0.0088
0.0949
0.0001
0.0697
0.9169
0.0000
0.0134
1.0000
6.1055
0.2122
17.442
0.7706
0.9624
-0.0810
0.9868
1.1630
0.0091
-1.1716
0.0001
0.0904
0.9527
0.0000
0.0136
0
Total
1.0000
1.0000
0.0007
1.0567
Neraca bahan total, dimana :
V =L+D
R = Lo / D
(Pers.9.49, Treyball)
V =RxD+D
= (R + 1) x D
Mencari Refluks Ratio Minimum :
n
1q =
Xf
/
1
(L/D)m + 1 =
L/D + 1
............q = 1 (bubble)
Xd
/
1
.........Trial = 0.2294
= 1.0567
L/D minimum = 1.0567 1
= 0,0567
L/D aktual
= 1,2 x L/D min
= 1,2 x 0,0567
= 0.0681
=L+D
= (R+1).D
= (0.0681+ 1) x 90.6129 kmol/h
= 96.7809 kmol/h
=RxD
= 0.0681 x 90.6129 kmol/h
= 6.16805 kmol/h
b. Komposisi Feed Condensor (V)
Senyawa
Xd
Kmol
Kg
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
0.0697
0.9169
0.0000
0.0134
6.7427 121.3691
88.7388 4969.3715
0.0000
0.0000
1.2994
57.1733
96.7809 5147.9139
c. Komposisi Refluks (L)
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xd
0.0697
0.9169
0.0000
0.0134
Kmol
0.4297
5.6555
0.0000
0.0828
6.1680
Kg
7.7351
316.7082
0.0000
3.6438
328.0871
Komponen
H2O
BM
18
Xd
0.0697
C3H4O
56
0.9169
Kmol
6.3130
83.083
Kg
113.6340
4652.663
C3H4O2
C2H4O
72
44
0.0000
0.0134
3
0.0000
1.2166
90.612
3
0.0000
53.5295
4819.826
d. Komposisi Destilat (D)
Total
e. Neraca massa Condensor (CD 01)
Senyawa
H2O
C3H4O
Input
V
121.3691
4969.3715
Output
D
113.6340
4652.6633
L
7.7351
316.7082
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
0.0000
57.1733
5147.9139
0.0000
0.0000
53.5295
3.6438
4819.8268
328.0871
5147.9139
7. REBOILER-01 (RB-01)
Fungsi :
Menguapkan
kembali
sebagian liquid produk bawah KD-01
Gambar :
Keterangan
V* = Aliran vapor RB-01 (refluks reboiler)
L* = Aliran umpan RB-01
B* = Aliran bottom produk RB-01
Kondisi operasi :
T = 102.1125 oC
P = 1 atm
Perhitungan
(trial dan error)
L*
=F + L
= 9468.4374 kmol/h
V*
= V + (q - 1) F
= 96.7809 kmol/h
B*
= L* - V*
= 9371.6566 kmol/h
a. Komposisi Feed Reboiler (L*)
Kompone
Xb
Kmol
H2O
0.9042
8561.0013
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
0.0000
0.0958
0.0000
0.0084
907.4277
0.0000
Total
1.0000
9468.4374
Kg
154098.024
2
0.4701
65334.7953
0.0000
219433.289
6
b. Komposisi Boil-up Reboiler (V)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xb
Kmol
Kg
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
0.0000
1.0000
87.5056
0.0001
9.2752
0.0000
96.7809
1575.1010
0.0048
667.8145
0.0000
2242.9203
c. Komposisi produk reboiler (B)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Xb
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
Kmol
Kg
8473.4957 152522.9232
0.0083
0.4653
898.1525 64666.9808
C2H4O
Total
0.0000
1.0000
0.0000
0.0000
9371.6566 217190.3693
d. Neraca Massa Reboiler (RB 01)
Senya
wa
H2O
C3H4
O
C3H4
O2
C2H4
O
Total
Input
L*
154098.02
V*
1575.10
B*
152522.92
42
10
32
0.4701
0.0048
0.4653
65334.795
667.814
64666.980
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
2242.92
217190.36
219433.28
96
Output
03
93
219433.2896
8. Mix Point (MP-01)
Fungsi
= Menggabungkan aliran top KD-01 dan kondensat dari KOD-01.
Gamber
=
Keterangan =
Aliran 31 = Aliran masuk dari Top KD-01
Aliran 18 = Aliran masuk dari kondensat KOD-01
Aliran 32 = Aliran keluar menuju KD-02
Tabel 6. Neraca Massa Mix Point (MP-01)
Senyaw
a
Input
Aliran 18
Aliran 31
Output
Aliran 32
H2O
0.0000
C3H4O
14.0014
C2H4O
18.7393
Total
32.7407
113.6340
4652.663
113.6340
4666.664
3
53.5295
4819.826
7
72.2688
4852.567
4852.5675
9. Kolom Distilasi (KD-02)
Fungsi
: Memisahkan Akrolein dan asetaldehide
Gambar
Keterangan :
Aliran 26
= aliran feed KD-01
Aliran 29
Aliran 43
= aliran Top produk KD-01
= aliran Bottom produk KD-01
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur
= 53.8555 oC
Tekanan
= 1 atm
(Trial dan error)
i. Konstanta Tekanan Uap Murni Komponen
Komponen
A
B
H2O
18.3036
C3H4O
15.9057
C3H4O2
16.5617
C2H4O
16.2418
(Sumber: Yaws, 1999)
C
3816.44
2606.53
3319.18
2465.15
-46.13
-45.15
-80.15
-37.15
j. Komposisi Umpan Masuk KD-02
Komponen
Kmol/ja
H2O
m
6.3130
C3H4O
83.3333
C2H4O
1.6425
Total
91.2888
Ditetapkan : Light Key
Heavy Key
Kg/jam
Xfi
113.6340
4666.664
0.0692
7
72.2688
4852.567
5
0.9129
0.0180
1
= Asetaldehid (C2H4O)
= Akrolein (C3H4O)
Komponen Referensi = Akrolein (C3H4O)
k. Data Hasil Perhitungan
Kompone
n
H2O
Xf
0.069
2
Vp (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Yi = (Xf*Ki)
= ki/k ref
log
111.7143
0.1470
0.0102
0.1434
-0.8434
C3H4O
C2H4O
Total
0.912
9
0.018
0
1.000
778.9512
1.0249
0.9356
1.0000
0.0000
2291.6932
3.0154
0.0543
2.9420
0.4686
1.0000
l. Distribusi Pemisahan Komponen
Distribusi Light Key (C2H4O)
= 83.5%
Light Key (C2H4O) Dew
= 83.5% X 1.6425 kmol/h
= 1.3718 kmol/h
Light Key (C2H4O) Bottom = 1.6425 kmol/h - 1.3718 kmol/h
= 0.2706 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Light Key
Distribusi Heavy Key (H2O)
Heavy Key (H2O) Bottom
= 0.7049
= 99%
= 99% X 83.3333 kmol/h
= 83.3234 kmol/h
Heavy Key (H2O) Dew
= 83.3333 kmol/h - 83.3234 kmol/h
= 0.0099 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Heavy Key
Senyawa
C2H4O
C3H4O
Total
= -3.9268
X = log
0.4686
0.0000
0.4686
Persamaan garis lurus Y = aX + b
Y = log D/B
XY
X^2
0.7049
0.3304 0.2196
-3.9268
0.0000 0.0000
-3.2219
0.3304 0.2196
= [(n x XY) - (XY)] / [(n x (X2)) - 2X]
a (slope)
= 9.8832
b (intersept)
= [Y - (a x X)] / 2
= -3.9268
m. Distribusi komponen lain
Log (XD/XB) = Ax + B
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
(Van Winkle hal: 291)
X = log
Y = Ax + B
xD/xB
D (kmol/jam)
B (kmol/jam)
-0.8434
0.0000
0.4686
-12.2623
-3.9268
0.7049
0.0000
0.0001
5.0691
0.0000
0.0099
1.3718
1.3817
6.3130
83.3234
0.2706
89.9071
n. Kondisi Top KD-01 (Dew Point)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C2H4O
Total
Mol
Xd
BM
kg
0.0000
0.0096
1.3718
1.3815
0.0000
0.0070
0.9930
1.0000
18.0000
56.0000
44.0000
0.0000
0.5397
60.3611
60.9008
Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur
= 21.0041 0C (Trial & Error)
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
o. Data Hasil Dew Point
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C2H4O
Total
Xd
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Xi = Yi/Ki
0.0000
0.0070
0.9930
1.0000
18.4715
229.9547
772.7313
0.0243
0.3026
1.0167
0.0000
0.0236
0.9765
1.0001
p. Kondisi Bottom KD-01 (Bubble Point)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C2H4O
Total
Mol
Xb
BM
kg
6.3130
83.323661
0.2706
89.9073
0.0702
0.9268
0.0030
1.0000
18.0000
56.0000
44.0000
113.6340
4666.1250
11.9077
4791.6667
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur
= 54.8089 0C
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
i. Data Hasil Bubble Point
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C2H4O
Total
Xd
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Xi = Yi/Ki
0.0702
0.9268
0.0030
1.0000
116.9688
803.6166
2356.4859
0.1539
1.0574
3.1006
0.0108
0.9800
0.0093
1.0001
k. Neraca massa Kolom Distilasi-01 (KD-01)
H2O
Acrolein
acrylic acid
acetaldehide
Input
Aliran 33
113.6340
4666.6647
0.0000
72.2688
Total
4852.5675
Senyawa
Output
Aliran 36
0.0000
0.5397
0.0000
60.3611
60.9008
4852.5675
Aliran 40
113.6340
4666.1250
0.0000
11.9077
4791.6667
10. CONDENSOR-02 (CD-02)
Fungsi
: Mengkondensasikan fraksi uap output top KD-02
Gambar
Keterangan :
V
: Aliran vapor ke CD-02
: Aliran refluks CD-02
: aliran distilat CD-02
Kondisi operasi,
T
= 21.0041 oC
= 1 atm
teta () = 3.22068
f. Komposisi Umpan Kondenser-02 (CD-02)
(trial dan error)
(trial dan error)
Komponen
Xf
H2O
0.0692
C3H4O
0.9129
C3H4O2
0.0000
C2H4O
0.0180
Xd
0.000
0
0.007
0
0.000
0
0.993
0
1.000
Total
(-)/
Xf/(-)/
XD/(-)/
0.0803
-39.0948
-0.0018
0.0000
1.0000
-2.2207
-0.4111
-0.0031
0.0000
0.0000
0.4328
23.8892
0.0000
23.8861
0.0124
3.3604
257.6980
0.0416
Neraca bahan total, dimana :
V =L+D
R = Lo / D
(Pers.9.49, Treyball)
V =RxD+D
= (R + 1) x D
Mencari Refluks Ratio Minimum :
n
1q =
Xf
/
1
(L/D)m + 1 =
L/D + 1
............q = 1 (bubble)
Xd
/
1
= 23.8861
L/D minimum = 23.8861 1
= 22.8861
L/D aktual
= 1,2 x L/D min
= 1,2 x 22.8861
= 27.4633
=L+D
= (R+1).D
.........Trial = 3.2207
= (27.4633+ 1) x 1.3815 kmol/h
= 39.3215 kmol/h
L
=RxD
= 27.4633 x 1.3815 kmol/h
= 37.9400 kmol/h
g. Komposisi Feed Condensor (V)
Kompon
en
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xd
0.000
0
0.007
0
0.000
0
0.993
0
1.000
0
Kmol
Kg
0.0000
0.0000
0.2743
15.3613
0.0000
0.0000
39.0472
39.3215
1718.07
54
1733.43
67
h. Komposisi Refluks (L)
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Xd
0.0000
0.0070
0.0000
0.9930
1.0000
Kmol
0.0000
0.2647
0.0000
37.6753
37.9400
Kg
0.0000
14.8216
0.0000
1657.7143
1672.5358
Xd
Kmol
Kg
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
i. Komposisi Destilat (D)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
0.0070
0.0000
0.0096
0.0000
C2H4O
0.9930
1.3718
Total
1.0000
1.3815
0.5397
0.0000
60.361
1
60.900
8
j. Neraca massa Condensor (CD 02)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Input
V
0.0000
15.3613
0.0000
1718.0754
1733.4367
Output
D
L
0.0000
0.0000
0.5397
14.8216
0.0000
0.0000
60.3611
1657.7143
60.9008
1672.5358
1733.4367
11. REBOILER-02 (RB-02)
Fungsi :
sebagian liquid produk bawah KD-02
Gambar :
Menguapkan
kembali
Keterangan
V* = Aliran vapor RB-02 (refluks reboiler)
L* = Aliran umpan RB-02
B* = Aliran bottom produk RB-02
Kondisi operasi :
T = 54.8089 oC
(trial dan error)
P = 1 atm
Perhitungan
L*
=F + L
= 129.2288 kmol/h
V*
= V + (q - 1) F
= 39.3215 kmol/h
B*
= L* - V*
= 89.9073 kmol/h
e. Komposisi Feed Reboiler (L*)
Kompone
n
H2O
Xb
Kmol
Kg
0.0702
C3H4O
0.9268
9.0740
119.765
163.3325
6706.881
C3H4O2
C2H4O
0.0000
0.0030
Total
1.0000
7
0.0000
0.3890
129.228
9
0.0000
17.1156
6887.330
ki
Kmol
Kg
0.0702
2.7610
49.6985
f. Komposisi Boil-up Reboiler (V)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
0.9268
36.4421
C3H4O2
C2H4O
0.0000
0.0030
0.0000
0.1184
Total
1.0000
39.3215
2040.756
9
0.0000
5.2079
2095.663
3
g. Komposisi produk reboiler (B)
Kompon
BM
ki
Kmol
H2O
18
0.0702
6.3130
C3H4O
56
0.9268
C3H4O2
C2H4O
72
44
0.0000
0.0030
en
Total
1.0000
Kg
113.634
83.323
0
4666.12
7
0.0000
0.2706
89.907
50
0.0000
11.9077
4791.66
67
h. Neraca Massa Reboiler (RB 01)
Senyawa
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Input
L*
163.3325
6706.881
9
0.0000
17.1156
6887.330
0
Output
V*
B*
49.6985
113.6340
2040.7569
4666.1250
0.0000
0.0000
5.2079
11.9077
2095.6633
4791.6667
6887.3300
12. Kolom Distilasi (KD-03)
Fungsi
: Memisahkan Air dari campuran senyawa organik
Gambar
Keterangan :
Aliran 44
= aliran feed KD-01
Aliran 47
Aliran 51
= aliran Top produk KD-01
= aliran Bottom produk KD-01
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur
= 102.1125 oC
Tekanan
= 1 atm
(Trial dan error)
a. Konstanta Tekanan Uap Murni Komponen
Komponen
A
B
H2O
18.3036
C3H4O
15.9057
C3H4O2
16.5617
C2H4O
16.2418
(Sumber: Yaws, 1999)
C
3816.44
2606.53
3319.18
2465.15
-46.13
-45.15
-80.15
-37.15
b. Komposisi Umpan Masuk KD-03
Kompone
n
BM
Kmol
Kg
Xf
H2O
18
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
56
72
44
Total
Ditetapkan :
8473.495
152522.923
7
0.0083
898.1525
0.0000
9371.656
2
0.4653
64666.9808
0.0000
217190.369
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
0.0000
1.0000
Light Key
= Air (H2O)
Heavy Key
= Asam Akrilat (C3H4O2)
Komponen Referensi = Asam Akrilat (C3H4O2)
c.
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Data Hasil Perhitungan
Xf
0.9042
0.0000
0.0958
0.0000
1.0000
Vp (mmHg)
819.0526
3010.3632
203.2693
7714.7049
Ki = (Pi/P)
1.0777
3.9610
0.2675
10.1509
Yi = (Xf*Ki)
0.9744
0.0000
0.0256
0.0000
1.0000
= ki/k ref
4.0294
14.8097
1.0000
37.9531
log
0.6052
1.1705
0.0000
1.5792
d. Distribusi Pemisahan Komponen
Distribusi Light Key (H2O)
= 99%
Light Key (H2O) Dew = 99% X 898.1525 kmol/h
= 898.0627 kmol/h
Light Key (H2O) Bottom
= 898.1525 kmol/h - 898.0627
kmol/h
= 0.0898 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Light Key
Distribusi Heavy Key (C3H4O2)
= 1.9956
= 99%
Heavy Key (C3H4O2) Bottom= 99% X 83.3333 kmol/h
= 83.3234 kmol/h
Heavy Key (C3H4O2) Dew
= 83.3333 kmol/h - 83.3234 kmol/h
= 0.0099 kmol/h
Log (XD/XB) Heavy Key
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O2
Total
Persamaan garis lurus Y
a (slope)
= -4.0000
X = log
Y = log D/B
XY
X^2
0.6052
0.0000
0.6052
1.9956
-4.0000
-2.0043
1.2078
0.0000
1.2078
0.3663
0.0000
0.3663
= aX + b
= [(n x XY) - (XY)] / [(n x (X2)) - 2X]
= 9.9061
b (intersept)
= [Y - (a x X)] / 2
= -4.0000
e. Distribusi komponen lain
Log (XD/XB) = Ax + B
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Total
X = log
0.6052
1.1705
0.0000
(Van Winkle hal: 291)
Y = Ax + B
1.9956
7.5956
-4.0000
D/B
99.0000
39413535.6933
0.0001
D (kmol/jam)
8388.7608
0.0083
0.0898
8388.8589
f. Kondisi Top KD-01 (Dew Point)
Kompon
en
H2O
Mol
Xd
BM
kg
8388.76
1.0000
18.000
150997.69
B (kmol/jam)
84.7350
0.0000
898.0627
982.7977
08
C3H4O
0.0083
0.0000
C3H4O2
0.0898
0.0000
8388.85
Total
89
0
56.000
40
0.4653
0
72.000
6.4667
151004.62
1.0000
60
Temperatur = 100.0048 0C (Trial & Error)
Kondisi Operasi :
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
g. Data Hasil Dew Point
Kompone
Xd
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Xi = Yi/Ki
1.0000
0.0000
0.0000
1.0000
760.0726
2861.4334
187.4712
1.0001
3.7650
0.2467
0.9999
0.0000
0.0000
0.9999
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Total
h. Kondisi Bottom KD-01 (Bubble Point)
Kompone
Mol
Xb
H2O
84.7350
0.0862
C3H4O
0.0000
0.0000
C3H4O2
Total
898.062
7
982.797
7
Kondisi Operasi :
0.9138
BM
kg
18.000
1525.229
0
56.000
0
72.000
1.0000
0.0000
64660.51
41
66185.74
33
Temperatur
= 134.3044 0C
Tekanan
= 760 mmHg
i. Data Hasil Bubble Point
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Total
Xb
Pi (mmHg)
Ki = (Pi/P)
Yi = Xb*Ki
0.0862
0.0000
0.9138
1.0000
2301.3158
6071.6824
614.4597
3.0280
7.9890
0.8085
0.2611
0.0000
0.7388
0.9999
l. Neraca massa Kolom Distilasi-01 (KD-01)
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Input
Aliran 44
152522.9232
0.4653
64666.9808
Total
217190.3693
Komponen
Output
Aliran 47
Aliran 51
150997.6940
1525.2292
0.4653
0.0000
6.4667
64660.5141
151004.6260
66185.7433
217190.3693
13. CONDENSOR-02 (CD-02)
Fungsi : Mengkondensasikan fraksi uap output top KD-02
Gambar
Keterangan
: Aliran vapor ke CD-03
: Aliran refluks CD-03
: aliran distilat CD-03
Kondisi operasi,
T
= 102.1125 oC
= 1 atm
(trial dan error)
teta () = 3.22068
(trial dan error)
a. Komposisi Umpan Kondenser-02 (CD-02)
Kompone
n
H2O
Xf
Xd
(-)/
Xf/(-)/
XD/(-)/
0.9042
1.0000
0.7342
1.2316
1.3621
C3H4O
0.0000
0.0000
4.0543
15.263
0.9294
0.0000
0.0000
C3H4O2
Total
0.0958
0.0000
1.0000
-0.0778
-1.2314
0.0002
-0.0001
1.3620
3
1.0000
Neraca bahan total, dimana :
V
=L+D
= Lo / D
(Pers.9.49, Treyball)
=RxD+D
= (R + 1) x D
Mencari Refluks Ratio Minimum
n
1q =
Xf
/
1
............q = 1 (bubble)
Xd
/
1
(L/D)m + 1
L/D + 1
= 1.3620
.........Trial = 1.0778
L/D minimum = 1.3620 1
= 0.3620
L/D aktual
= 1,2 x L/D min
= 1,2 x 0.3620
= 0.4344
=L+D
= (R+1).D
= (0.4344 + 1) x 8388.8589 kmol/h
= 12032.5688 kmol/h
=RxD
= 0.4344 x 8388.8589 kmol/h
= 3643.709874 kmol/h
b. Komposisi Feed Condensor (V)
Komponen
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Xd
1.000
Kmol
12032.428
Kg
216583.704
0
0.000
0.0119
0.6674
0.1288
9.2755
0
0.000
Total
0
1.000
12032.568
216593.647
c. Komposisi Refluks (L)
Kompone
Xd
Kmol
H2O
1.0000
3643.6673
C3H4O
C3H4O2
0.0000
0.0000
0.0036
0.0390
Total
1.0000
3643.7099
Xd
Kmol
Kg
8388.760
150997.694
8
0.0083
0.0898
8388.858
0
0.4653
6.4667
151004.626
Kg
65586.010
6
0.2021
2.8088
65589.021
5
d. Komposisi Destilat (D)
Kompone
n
H2O
1.0000
C3H4O
C3H4O2
0.0000
0.0000
Total
1.0000
e. Neraca massa Condensor (CD 02)
Input
Output
Senyaw
a
V
D
L
H2O
216583.7045 150997.6940 65586.0106
C3H4O
0.6674
0.4653
0.2021
C3H4O2
9.2755
6.4667
2.8088
151004.6260 65589.0215
Total
216593.6475
216593.6475
14. REBOILER-02 (RB-02)
Fungsi
: Menguapkan kembali sebagian liquid produk bawah KD-02
Gambar
Keterangan
V* = Aliran vapor RB-03
L* = Aliran umpan RB-03
B* = Aliran bottom produk RB-03
Kondisi operasi :
T = 134.3044 oC
(trial dan error)
P = 1 atm
Perhitungan
L*
=F + L
= 13015.3664 kmol/h
V*
= V + (q - 1) F
= 12032.5688 kmol/h
B*
= L* - V*
= 982.7977 kmol/h
i. Komposisi Feed Reboiler (L*)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
Xb
Kmol
Kg
0.0862
0.0000
C3H4O2
0.9138
1122.1603
0.0000
11893.206
20198.8856
0.0000
856310.840
Total
1.0000
1
13015.366
4
876509.725
j. Komposisi Boil-up Reboiler (V)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Total
ki
0.0862
0.0000
0.9138
1.0000
Kmol
Kg
1037.4254 18673.6564
0.0000
0.0000
10995.1434 791650.3263
12032.5688 810323.9827
k. Komposisi produk reboiler (B)
Kompone
n
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
Total
ki
0.0862
0.0000
0.9138
1.0000
Kmol
Kg
84.7350 1525.2292
0.0000
0.0000
898.0627 64660.5141
982.7977 66185.7433
l. Neraca Massa Reboiler (RB 01)
Senya
wa
H2O
Input
L*
20198.88
56
C3H4
0.0000
O
C3H4
856310.8
O2
404
Total
876509.7
259
Output
V*
18673.6564
0.0000
791650.3263
810323.9827
B*
1525.22
92
0.0000
64660.5
141
66185.7
433
876509.7259
15. Tee (Tee-02)
Fungsi
: Memisahkan aliran Asam Akrilat menuju Storage Tank dan
Gambar
Menuju MT-01.
:
Keterangan :
Aliran 53 = Aliran asam akrilat masuk Tee-02
Aliran 57 = Aliran asam akrilat menuju MT-01
Aliran 54 = Aliran asam akrilat keluar menuju T-06
Kondisi Operasi :
P
= 1 atm
T
= 35 oC
Tabel 5. Neraca Massa Tee-02
Senyawa
H2O
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
Total
Input
Aliran 53
1525.2292
0.0000
64660.514
Output
Aliran 57
Aliran 54
1521.7039
3.5254
0.0000
0.0000
64511.0597
1
0.0000
66185.743
149.4543
0.0000
0.0000
66032.7636
152.9797
66185.7433
16. Mixing Tank (MT-01)
Fungsi
: Mencampurkan Air dan Asam Akrilat
Gambar :
Keterangan :
Aliran 57 = Aliran Masuk Air
Aliran 58 = Aliran Masuk Asam Akrilat
Aliran 59 = Aliran Keluar larutan asam akrilat
Kondisi Operasi :
P
= 1 atm
T
= 35 oC
Table 6. Neraca Massa MT-01
Komponen
Input
Output
Aliran 57
H2O
1521.7039
C3H4O
C3H4O2
C2H4O
0.0000
64511.0597
0.0000
Total
66032.7636
Aliran 58
149004.102
1
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
149004.102
215036.8657
Aliran 59
150525.8060
0.0000
64511.0597
0.0000
215036.8657
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