1. A.

HNO3(aq) + LiOH(aq) LiNO3(aq) + H2O(l)

H+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Li+(aq) + OH-(aq) Li+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + H2O(l)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O (l)
B. NH4OH(aq) + HI(aq) NH4I(aq)+ H2O(l)
NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) + H+(aq) + I-(aq) NH4+(aq) + I-(aq) + H2O(l)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l)
C. HF(aq) + KCN(aq) KF(aq) + HCN(aq)
H+(aq) + F-(aq) + K+(aq) + CN-(aq) K+(aq) + F-(aq) +

H+(aq) + CN-(aq)

TerionisasiSempurna.
D. Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HNO2(aq) Ca(NO2)2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2NO2-(aq) Ca2+(aq) + 2NO2-(aq) + 2H2O(l)
2H+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) 2H2O(l)

2.A. HCN(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCN(aq) + H2O(l)

H+(aq) + CN-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) Na+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H2O(l)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l)
B. NaClO(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) + HClO(aq)
Na+(aq) + ClO-(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H+(aq) + ClO-(aq)
TerionisasiSempurna.
C. NH4Cl(aq) + KOH(aq) NH4OH(aq) + KCl(aq)
NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + K+(aq) + OH-(aq) NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) + K+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

TerionisasiSempurna.
D. CH3NH2 (aq) + HClO(aq) CH3NH3+ (aq) + ClO- (aq)
CH3NH2 (aq) + H+ (aq) + ClO- (aq) CH3NH3+ (aq) + ClO- (aq)
CH3NH2 (aq) + H+ (aq) CH3NH3+ (aq)

3.A. HCO2Na (aq) + H+ (aq) H2CO2(aq) + Na+ (aq)

HCO2(aq) + Na+ (aq) + H+ (aq) H+ (aq) + HCO2(aq) + Na+ (aq)
TerionisasiSempurna.
B.Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) Ca2+ (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Ca2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) Ca2+ (aq) + 2H2O (l)
2H+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) 2H2O (l)
C. NH4OH (aq) + H+(aq) NH4+ (aq)+ H2O(l)
NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) + H+ (aq) NH4+ (aq)+ H2O(l)
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) H2O (l)

4. A. Ce(OH)2 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) Ce2+ (aq) + 2H2O (l)

Ce2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) Ce2+ (aq) + 2H2O (l)
2H+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) 2H2O (l)
B. KCN (aq) + H+(aq) K+ (aq) + HCN (aq)
K+ (aq) + CN- (aq) + H+(aq) K+ (aq) + H+(aq) + CN- (aq)
TerionisasiSempurna.

C. C6H5NH2 (aq) + H+ (aq) C6H5NH3+ (aq)

5. (A). K =

[ LiNO ]
[ HNO ] [ LiOH ]

[ KF ][ HCN ]
(C). K = [ HF ][ KCN ]

6. (A). K =

[ NaCN ]
[ HCN ][ NaOH ]

(B). K =

(D). K =

[ NH I ]
[ NH OH ][ HI ]

[ Ca( NO ) ]
[Ca(OH ) ] [ HNO ]

(B). K =

[ NaCl ][ HClO ]
[ NaClO ][ HCl ]

(B). K =

[ Ca ]
[ Ca(OH ) ] [ H ]

(C).

[ NH OH ][ KCl ]
[ NH Cl ][ KOH ]

7.(A). K =

[ H CO ][ Na ]
[ HCO Na ][ H ]

(C).

(C).

[ NH ]
[ NH OH ][ H ]

8. (A). K =

[ Ce ]
[Ce(OH ) ] [ H ]

(B). K =

[ K ][ HCN ]
[ KCN ][ H ]

[ C H NH ]
[ C H NH ] [ H ]

9.

Dik :

Indikatorpp = pH 9
Indikatormo = pH 4
Indikator bb = pH 7
jawab :

10.

(a). HCO
(b). CHNH
(c). CHOONa
(d). HClO

dengan NaOH
dengan HCl
dengan Ba(OH)
dengan LiOH

Phenolftalein

Metil Orange

B Biru

Phenolftalein

(a). HSO
(b). NHOH
(c). HCN
(d). NaNO

dengan KOH
dengann
HBr
dengan Ba(OH)
dengan HCl

Phenolftalein

Metil Orange
Phenolftalein
B Biru

11. 35.00 mL of 0.2500 M sodium hydroxide is titrated with 0.4375 M HCl. Calculate
the pH of the resulting solution (assuming volumes are additive) when the following
amounts of acid are added.
a. 10.00 mL
b. 20.00 mL
c. 30.00 mL
Answer:
a

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) +

H2O (l)

m: 8,75

4,375

b: 4,375

4,375

4,375

4,375

s: 4,375

4,375

4,375

M=

4,375
45

= 0,1

[OH-] = 1 x 10-1
pOH= 1
pH= 14-1= 13

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) +

H2O (l)

m: 8,75

8,75

b: 8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

s: -

pH= 7

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) +

m: 8,75

13,125

b: 8,75

8,75

s: 4,375

M=

8,75
4,375
35+ 30

H2O (l)
-

8,75
8,75

8,75
8. 75

= 0,067=6,7 x 10-2

[H+] = a x M =1 x 6,7 x 10-2

pH = 2 - log 6,7
= 2 0,83
= 1,17
12. 75.00 mL of 0.1350 M perchloric acid is titrated with 0.3375 M KOH. Calculate the
pH of the resulting solution (assuming volumes are additive) when the following
amounts of acid are added.
a. 10.00 mL
b. 20.00 mL
c. 30.00 mL
Answer:
a

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
m: 10,125
3,375
b: 3,375
3,375
3,375
3,375
s: 6,75
3,375
3,375
6,75
-2
[H+]= M=
85 = 0,08= 8x10
pH= 2- log 8

= 2 0,90
= 1,1
b

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
m: 10,125
6,75
b: 6,75
6,75
6,75
6,75
s: 3,375
6,75
6,75
3,375
[H+]= M= 75+ 20 = 0,035= 3,5x10-2
pH= 2- log 3,5
= 2 0,54 = 1,46

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

m: 10,125
10,125
b: 10,125
10,125
s: pH= 7

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

10,125
10,125
10,125
10,125

13. Consider the titration of HNO2 with KOH.

a. What species are present at the equivalence point?
b. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral at the equivalence point ?
Answer:
a. HNO2(aq) + KOH (aq)
KNO2(aq) + H2O(l)
(garambasa)
spesititikequivalen
b. Basa
14. Consider the titration of ammonia with HCl.
a. What species are present at the equivalence point?
b. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral at the equivalence point?
Answer:
a. NH3(g) + HCl(aq)

NH 4Cl(aq)
(garamasam)
spesititikequivalen

b. Asam
15. Twenty-five mL of 0.100 M formic acid, HCHO2, is titrated with KOH.
a. What is the pH of the formic acid solution before titration starts?
b. How many moles of KOH are required to react with the formic acid ?
c. Write the net ionic equation for the reaction
d. If the total volume at the equivalence point is 41.7, what is the pH of the
solution at this point?
Answer:
a. [H+] =

Ka. M = 1,8 x 104 x 101

pH = 6 log

18 x 101 x 104 x 101

18 x 106

18 = 6 0,63 = 5,37

b. mol KOH = mol HCOOH

= 0,1 x 25 ml
= 2,5mmol
= 2,5x10-3mol
c. HCOOH(aq) + KOH(aq)
HCOOK(aq) + H2O(l)
+
+
HCOO (aq)+ H (aq)+ K (aq)+ OH (aq)
HCOO-(aq)+ K+(aq)+ H2O(l)
+
Net Ion: H (aq)+ OH (aq)H2O(l)
d. Volume = 41,7 ml
Volume KOH= 41,7-25=16,7 ml
2,5. 103
M=
= 0,15x10-3= 1,5x10-4
16,7

[OH-] = b . M = 1 . 1,5x10-4 = 1,5x10-4

pOH = 4 log 1,5
pH = 14 (4 log 1,5)
= 10 + log 1,5
= 10, 18

16.30 ml 0,1M CHCOOH dititrasidenganNaOH

(A). pH awalsebelumdititrasi.

ka M

[H+] =
=

105 0,1

106
3

= 10
Ph

=3

(B). MolCHCOOH = 0,1

mol
0,03 L
L

= 0,003 mol
MolNaOH yang diperlukanuntukbereaksidenganCHCOOHadalah 0,003 mol.
(C). CHCOOH(aq) +NaOH(aq) CHCOONa(aq) + HO (l)
CHCOO-(aq) + H(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH- (aq) CHCOO-(aq) + Na+(aq) + HO (l)
H(aq) + OH- (aq) HO (l)
(D). TitikEquivalen mol asam = mol basa
MolCHCOOH = molNaOH
30 ml 0,1 M

total V awal
=(
VM

30 ml 0,1 M

= ( 4530 M

30 ml 0,1 M

17.

Dik:

= 15 M
30 mL 0,1 M
15 mL

= 0,2 M

M NH4+ = 0.2 M

Dit: [H+] dan pH darisetiapNH3 (a) 0.5M

(b) 0.2M

(c) 0.1M

(d) 0.01M

Jawab:
a. [OH-] = Kb x ([NH3]/ [NH4+])
[NH4+])

b.

= 10-5 x ([0.5M]/ [0.2 M])

[OH-] = Kb x ([NH3]/
= 10-5 x ([0.2M]/ [0.2 M])

= 2.5 x 10-5
[H+]

pH

= 10-5

= ([Kw]/ [OH-])

[H+]

= ([10-14]/ [2.5 x 10-5])

= ([10-14]/ [10-5])

= 4 x 10-10

= 10-9

= -log [H+]

pH

= -log [H+]

= -log [4 x 10-10]

= -log [10-9]

= 10 log 4
c. [OH-] = Kb x ([NH3]/ [NH4+])
[NH4+])

= ([Kw]/ [OH-])

=9
d.

= 10-5 x ([0.1M]/ [0.2 M])

[OH-] = Kb x ([NH3]/
= 10-5 x ([0.01M]/ [0.2 M])

= 5x 10-6
[H+]

pH

= 5 x 10-7

= ([Kw]/ [OH-])

[H+]

= ([10-14]/ [5 x 10-6])

= ([10-14]/ [5 x 10-7])

= 2 x 10-9

= 2 x 10-8

= -log [H+]

pH

= ([Kw]/ [OH-])

= -log [H+]

= -log [2 x 10-9]
= 9 log 2

= -log [2 x 10-8]
= 8 log 2

18.

Dik:

M HClO= 0.25 M

Dit: [H+] dan pH darisetiapClO- (a) 0.5M

(b) 0.25M

(c) 0.05M

(d) 0.01M

Jawab:
a. [H+] = Ka x ([HClO]/ [ClO-])
[ClO-])

b.

= 10-5 x ([0.25M]/ [0.5M])

[H+]

= Ka x ([HClO]/

= 10-5 x ([0.25M]/ [0.25 M])

= 5 x 10-6
[OH-] = ([Kw]/ [H+])

pH

= 10-5
[OH-] = ([Kw]/ [H+])

= ([10-14]/ [5 x 10-6])

= ([10-14]/ [10-5])

= 2 x 10-9

= 10-9

= -log [H+]

pH

= -log [H+]

= -log [5 x 10-6]

= -log [10-5]

= 6 log 5
c. [H+] = Ka x ([HClO]/ [ClO-])
[ClO-])

d.

[H+]

= Ka x ([HClO]/

= 10-5 x ([0.25M]/ [0.05M])

= 10-5 x ([0.25M]/ [0.01M])

= 5 x 10-5

= 25 x 10-5

[OH-] = ([Kw]/ [H+])

pH

=5

[OH-] = ([Kw]/ [H+])

= ([10-14]/ [5 x 10-5])

= ([10-14]/ [25 x 10-5])

= 2 x 10-10

= 4 x 10-11

= -log [H+]

pH

= -log [5 x 10-5]
= 5 log 5

19. 0,02molNaNOdalam 250 mL, 0,04 M HNO. PH ?

= -log [H+]
= -log [25 x 10-5]
= 5 log 25

[ NaNO ] =

0,02mol
0,25 L

2. 102
25. 102

2
= 8. 10

[ HNO ]

[H ]

= Ka . [ NaNO ]
5 [ 4. 10 ]
10
.
=
[ 8. 102 ]
2

= 5. 10

= - log 5. 10

PH

= 6 log 5
20. 0,05mol KF dalam 150 mL, 0,000275 M HF. Ph ?

[ KF ] =

0,05mol
0,15 L

5. 102
15. 102

[ HF ]
[ H ] = Ka . [ KF ]
+

5
= 10 .

[ 275.104 ]
[ 0,33 ]

5
= 0,083 10

7
= 8,3 10

pH

7
= - log 8,3 10

= 7 log 8,3

= 0,33

21.
22.
23. To make a buffer using HCHO2 and CHO2- in which the desired pH is 3.00 :
a. What must be the ratio [HCHO2 ] / [CHO2- ] ?
b. How many moles of HCHO2 must be added to a liter of 0.200 M NaCHO2 to
give this pH ?
c. How many grams of NaCHO2must be added to a liter of 0.100 M HCHO2 to
give this pH ?

Answer:
HCOOH + CHO2pH = 3
Ka = 1,8x10-4
+
H = 10-3
a. pH = 3

+
H

CHO2
= Ka x mol HCOOH

103

= 1,8x10-4x

b. mol HCOONa
mol HCOOH
0,2

9 mol HCOOH

c. mol HCOOH

CHO
mol HCOOH

CHO
2
mol HCOOH

103
4
1,8 x 10

103
5
18 x 10

50
9

mol HCOOH

CHO2
mol HCOOH

= 0,2 x 1
= 0,2 mol

0,1
mol HCOONa
0,9
mol HCOONa

= 10
10
= 9
= 1,11 mol
= 0,1 x 1
= 0,1 mol
50
= 9

= 50 mol HCOONa
0,9
= 50

= 0,018 mol
Mr HCOONa
= 68 gr/mol
massa HCOONa = mol x Mr

CHO
2
mol HCOOH

100
18

CHO
2
mol HCOOH

50
9

= 0,018mol x
68gr/mol
= 1,224 gr

24. A NaHCO3-Na2CO3 buffer is to be prepared with a pH of 10.00.

a. What must be the ratio [HCO3-] / [CO32- ] ?
b. What volume of 10.00 M NaHCO3 should be added to a liter of 1.00 M
NaHCO3 to form this buffer ?
Answer:
NaHCO3 Na2CO3
pH

= 10

pOH

= 14 10
=4

OH

a.

= 10-4
mol CO32
HCO
3
= Kb x mol

OH

104

11
= 4,7 x 10

mol CO32
HCO
mol 3

104
47 x 1012

10 8
47

mol CO3
HCO
mol 3

mol CO32
HCO
3
x mol

b.

10 8
47

1 xV
1 x1

10 8
47

V
1

= 108
10 8
= 47 L

47V
V

25. if a buffer solution is made of 15 g sodium acetate (NaC 2H3O2) and 12,50
g acetic acid (HC2H3O2) in 5 x 102 ml, what is the pH of the buffer? If the
buffer is diluted to 1.50 L, what is the pH of the diluted buffer ?
Penyelesaian
Dik: gr sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) = 15 gr
g acetic acid (HC2H3O2) = 12,50 g
volume = 5 x 102 ml
Dit : pH larutanpenyangga ?
pHlarutanpenyanggasetelahdiencerkanmenjadi 1.50 L?
Jawab :
pHlarutanpenyangga ?
Molnatriumasetat
=

= 0,18

massa
Mr

12,50
60

= 0,20

Konsentrasinatriumasetat
=

15
82

Molasamasetat
=

massa
Mr

0,18 mol
0,5 L

= 0,36 M

Konsentrasiasamasetat
=

0,20 mol
0,5 L

= 0,4 M

[ AL]
[H+] = Ka . [BK ]
-5

= 10 .

4 x 101
36 x 101

= 11 x 10-6

pH = - log [H+]
= - log 11 x 10-6
= 6 log 11
= 6 1,04
= 4,96

pHlarutanpenyanggasetelahdiencerkanmenjadi 1.50 L?
Dik M1 = 0,18 M
V1= 0,5L
V2 = 1,5o L
Dit : M2..?
Jawab
M1. V1 = M2. V2
0,18 M . 0,5L= M2. 1,50 L
M2

0,18 M . 0,5 L
1,50 L
M2

= 0,06

= 6 x10-2

pH = - log [H+]
= - log 6 x10-2
= 2- log 6
= 2 0,7
= 1,3

26. a buffer solution is prepared by adding 5.50 gr of ammonium chloride to

150 ml of 0,125 M ammonia. What is the pH of the solution ?if the buffer is
duited with water to a final volume of 2.00 L , what is the pH of the diluted
buffer ?
Penyelesaian
Dik : g amoniumklorida = 5,50 gr
V = 150 ml = 0,15 L
Konsentrasiamonia = 0,125 M
Dit : pH larutan buffer?
Phbufferjikadiencerkandengan air untukvolume akhir2,00L?
Jawab :
pHlarutan buffer?
mencarimolamoniumklorida
mol =

0,10 mol
0,15 L

5,50 gr
53,5

= 0,10 mol

= 0,666 M

[ AL]
[H+] = Ka . [BK ]
= 10-5.
= 5 x 10

konsentrasiamoniumklorida
=

massa
mr

0,666
0,125
-5

pH = - log [H+]
= - log 5 x 10
= 5 log 5
= 5 0,6
= 4,4

-5

Phbufferjikadiencerkandengan air untukvolume akhir2,00L?

Dik M1 = 0,125 M

V1 NH3 = 15 X 10-2 L
V2 H2O = 2 L
Dit : M2 H2O...?
Jawab
M1. V1 = M2. V2
0,125 M . 15 X 10-2 L= M2. 2 L
M2

0,125 M .15 X 102 L

2

M2
= 0,9375 x 10-2
= 9,375 x 10 -3
pOH= - log [OH-]
= - log [ 9,375 x 10 -3]
= 3 log 9,375
= 3 0,971
= 2.029
= 2.03
pH = 14 2,03
= 11,97
27.how many grams of ammonium nitrate should be added to 250 ml of
0,150 M ammonia to produce a buffer with Ph 9.00?
Penyelesain
Dik ; V amonia = 250 ml
M amonia = 0,150 M
pH = 9
Dit :masssa ammonia nitrat?
Jawab: OH-]
5

10

mol BL
garam

= Kb x

10
= 5,8 x 10

37,5 x 103
x

217,5 x 1013
105

8
= 217,5 x 10
2
8
= 2,175 x 10 x 10

6
= 2,175 x 10

massa
6
= 2,175 x 10 mol
mr
Massa

6
= 2,175 x 10
x 80

6
= 174 x 10
gr

28. Diketahui :

V cuka = 250 ML = 0,25 L

cuka = 1,006

g
ML

Cuka putih mengandung CH3COOH = 5% massa

pH larutan = 4
Ditanya

massa NaCH3COOH ?

Pembahasan
-

Massa cuka putih

= 1,006

g
ML

x 250 ML

= 251,5 gram
-

Massa CH3COOH dalam cuka putih

5
100

x 251,5 gram

= 12,575 gram

Mol CH3COOH

massaCH COOH
Mr CH COOH

12,575 gram
g
60
ML

= 0,20958 Mol

[CH3COOH]

mol C H 3 COOH
v larutan

0,20958 Mol
v larutan
= 4 [H+] = 10-4

pH

[C H COOH ]
3
[C H COO]

[H ]

= ka

10-4

= 1,74 . 10-5

v larutan
mol C H 3 COO

0,20958 mol
3
mol C H COO

3
Mol C H COO

3,6 . 10
10

= 3,6 . 10-2
= 0,036 mol

C H COO

CH3COONa

+ Na

0,036 mol
Mol CH3COONa
Massa CH3COONa

massaCH COONa
Mr CH COONa

= Mol CH3COONa x Mr CH3COONa

= 0,036 mol x 82

g
ML

= 2,952 gram
Jadi, massa CH3COONa yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat larutan buffer, pH = 4
adalah 2,952 gram

29.

Diketahui

: M Hx

= 0,05 M

: Ph awal = 2,75
= 102,75

: [H]

Ditanya

: Ph setelah ditambah LiX ?

Pembahasan

[H]

ka .[hx ]

ka . o , o 5 )2

102,75 =

(105,5) =

ka . 5 . 10 -2

Ka

0,05

[H]

10
5 . 10

0,2 . 10-3,5

2 . 10 -4

mol
L

artinya terdapat o,o5 mol dalam 1 liter larutan

ka .

[hx ]

2 . 10 -4,5 .

2 . 10

-4,5

0,05
0,035 mol
1L
0,05
0,035

pH

30.

2,85 . 10 -4,5 M

- log 2,85 . 10 -4,5

4,5 log 2,8

Dik : M HX = 0,045 M

MNaX= 0.015M

pH HX = 3.65
Dit:

pH penyangga?

Jawab:
pH = 3,65
[H+]

Ka x Ma

[10-3.65] =

Ka x 0.045

[10-3.65]2 =

Ka x 0.045

5.012 x 10 -8 =

Ka x 0.045

Ka = 5.012 x 10 -8 / 0.045
Ka= 1.1137 x 10-6
[H+]

= Ka x [[HX]/[NaX]]

= 1.1137 x 10-6 x [[0,045 M]/[ 0.015M]]

= 3.3411 x 10-6
pH

= -log [H+] = -log 3.3411 x 10-6

pH

= 6 log 3.3411

pH

= 6 0.524

pH

= 5.476

31. Dik:

Dit:

vol NH4Cl = 1 liter

vol NH3= 1 liter

M NH4Cl = 0,2 M

M NH3 = 0,2 M

a. pH larutanpenyangga
b. pH larutanpenyanggajikaditambah 0,01mol HCl
c. pH larutanpenyanggajikaditambah 0,02 mol KOH

Jawab:
a. pOH = pKb + log (garam/basa)

pH = 14 - (pKb + log (garam/basa))

pH = 14 - (- log (1.8 x 10 -5) + log (0.2/0.2))

pH = 9.26

b. pH = 14 - (pKb + log (garam/basa))

pH = 14 - (- log (1.8 x 10 -5) + log ((0,2 0,01)/(0,2 + 0,01))
pH = 14 - (- log (1.8 x 10 -5) + log (( 0,19)/( 0,21))
pH = 9.3

c. pH = 14 - (pKb + log (garam/basa))

pH = 14 - (- log (1.8 x 10 -5) + log ((0,2 0,02)/(0,2 + 0,02))
pH = 14 - (- log (1.8 x 10 -5) + log (( 0,18)/( 0,22))
pH = 9.346

32.

Dik:

Dit:

vol CH3COOH = 1liter

vol CH3COONa= 1liter

M CH3COOH = 0,1 M

M CH3COOH = 0,15 M

a. pH larutanpenyangga
b. pH larutanpenyanggajikaditambah 0,01mol HCl
c. pH larutanpenyanggajikaditambah 0,02 molNaOH

Jawab:
a. Mol CH3COOH

=VxM

Mol CH3COONa

= 1L x 0,1M
= 0,1mol

= 1L x 0,15M
= 0,15mol

CH3COONa (aq) CH3COO-(aq) + Na+ (aq)

Mula mula :

0,15mol

Bereaksi

0,1mol

Sisa

0,5mol

0,1mol0,1mol
0,1mol

0,1mol

pHlarutan buffer:
pH= pKa log

mol asam lemah

mol garam ataubasa konjugasi

pH= -log1,8 x 10-5 log

0,1mol
0,5 mol

= 4,74 + 0,699 = 5,439

b. MolHCl = V x M
= 1 L x 0,01 M
= 0,01mol
CH3COONa (aq)
CH3COOH(aq)

=VxM

+ H+(aq)

Mula mula :

0,15mol

0,01mol

0,1mol

Bereaksi

0,01mol

0,01mol

0,01mol

Sisa

0,14mol

pH= pKa log

0,101mol

mol asam lemah

mol garam ataubasa konjugasi

-5

pH= -log1,8 x 10 log

0,101mol
0,14 mol

= 4,74 + 0,14 = 4,88

d. MolNaOH = V x M
= 1 L x 0,02 M
= 0,02mol
+
Mula mula :

CH3COOH (aq) +
H2O (aq)
0,1mol

NaOH(aq)

0,02mol

0,15mol
0,02mol

Bereaksi
0,02 mol

0,02mol

0,02mol

Sisa

0,08mol

pH= pKa log

mol asam lemah

mol garam ataubasa konjugasi

pH= -log1,8 x 10-5 log

33.

0,08 mol
0,17 mol

= 4,74 + 0,32 = 5,06

Dik: rasio [[HCO3-]/[CO32-]] = 4

Dit:

a.

CH3COONa (aq)

pH penyangga(Ka HCO3- = 4,7 x 10 -11 )

0,17 mol

0,02mol

b. Rasio [HCO3-]/[CO32-] jika pH penyangga = 9,4

Jawab:
a. [H+]

= Ka x [[HCO3-]/[CO32-]]
= 4,7 x 10 -11 x 4
= 1,88 x 10-10

pH

= 10 log 1,88 = 10 0,274 = 9,726

b. pH
[H+]
[H+]

= 9,4
= 10 -9,4
= Ka x [HCO3-]/[CO32-]

10 -9,4

= 4,7 x 10 -11 x[ [HCO3-]/[CO32-]]

[HCO3-]/[CO32-]
[HCO3-]/[CO32-]

= 10 -9,4 / 4,7 x 10 -11

= 8,47

34. a) Misal Kb=1,8 10

pH =9

pOH=149
5

OH

OH

+
NH 4

NH 4+
105=1,8 . 105 .

NH 3

105
1,8 . 105
NH 3

NH 4+=

0,56 mol

b)

NH 4+=0,56 mol
NH 3

Misal

NH 3 =5

+=9

NH 4
5
=0,56
9
Maka

20 %

+ NH 3
NH 4

NH 4+=0,56
NH 3
mol

20 % = 0,83mol


OH
. 0,83

5
= 1,494 .10

pOH=5log1,494
pH =9+ log1,494

NH 4 =0,56 mol
NH 3

c)

Misal

NH 3 =5

+=9
NH 4
5
=0,56
9
Maka
25 %

+
NH 3 NH 4

NH 4+=0,56
NH 3
mol

25 % = 0,366mol


OH

5
= 0,6588 .10

6
= 6,588 .10

pOH=6log6,588
pH =8+ log6,588

35. Diketahui :VNaOH = 1L

M NaOH = 0,2 M
Ditanya : Yang termasukdalamlarutan buffer?
a)
b)
c)
d)

0,10 mol CH3COOH

0,30 mol CH3COOH
0,10 mol CH3COONa
0,20 molHCl
Jawab :

nNaOH = M V
= 0,2 M 1 L
= 0,2 mol

a. NaOH

0,2mol +

CH3COOH

0,1 mol

0,1mol +

0,1 mol

0,1mol

0 mol

CH3COONa
-

0,1 mol
0,1 mol

H2O
-

0,1 mol
0,1 mol

PadareaksiNaOH 0,2moldan CH3COOH 0,1 mol, terdapatsisaNaOHsebesar 0,1

mol. Jadi CH3COOH 0,1 moldapatdijadikanlarutan buffer

b. NaOH

0,2mol +

CH3COOH

0,3 mol

0,2mol +

0,2 mol

0 mol

0,1mol

CH3COONa

0,2 mol

H2O
-

0,2 mol

0,2 mol
0,2 mol

PadareaksiNaOH 0,2moldan CH3COOH 0,3 mol, tidakadasisaNaOH, yang

berartiNaOHhabisbereaksi. Jadi CH3COOH 0,3moltidakdapatdijadikanlarutan
buffer
c. NaOH

0,2mol +

CH3COONa

0,1 mol

0,1mol +

0,1 mol

0,1mol

0 mol

CH3COONa

0,2 mol

H2O
-

0,2 mol

0,2 mol
0,2 mol

PadareaksiNaOH 0,2moldan CH3COOH 0,3 mol, tidakdapatdijadikanlarutan

buffer karenaterbentuksisareaksiyaitubasakuatNaOH 0,1 mol.

d. NaOH

HCl

NaCl

0,2mol +

0,2 mol

0,2mol +

0,2 mol

0,2 mol

0 mol

0, mol

0,2mol

H2O
-

0,2 mol
0,2 mol

Pada reaksi NaOH 0,2mol dan HCl 0,2 mol, tidak ada sisa NaOH, yang berarti
NaOH habis bereaksi. Jadi HCl 0,2mol tidak dapat dijadikan larutan buffer.
Jadi yang dapatdijadikanlarutan buffer adalah CH3COOH 0,1mol

36. Diketahui : V CH3COOH = 1L

M CH3COOH = 0,2 M

Ditanya : Yang termasukdalamlarutan buffer?

a)
b)
c)
d)

0,10 mol CH3COONa

0,10 molNaOH
0,30 molNaOH
0,10 molHCl
Jawab :

nNaOH CH3COOH = 0,2 mol/L 1 L

= 0,2mol
a. 1L CH3COOH 0,2 M + 0,1 mol CH3COONa
Merupakanlarutanpenyangga, karenaterdiridariasamlemah (CH3COOH) dan
garamnya (CH3COONa)

b. 1L CH3COOH 0,2 M + 0,1 molNaOH

mol CH3COOH = 0,2 mol/L 1 L

= 0,2mol

CH3COOH

0,2mol +

0,1 mol

0,1 mol +
0,1mol

NaOH

CH3COONa

0 mol
+
0,1 mol
0,1 mol

0 mol

0,1 mol

H2O

0 mol
+

0,1 mol

0,1 mol

Larutanpenyangga, karenasetelahbereaksi yang tersisaadalahcampuranantara

asamlemah (CH3COOH) dangaramnya (CH3COONa)

c. 1L CH3COOH 0,2 M + 0,3 molNaOH

CH3COOH

0,2mol +

0,3 mol

NaOH

0 mol

CH3COONa
+

+
0 mol

H2O

0 ,2 mol +

0 mol

0,2 mol
0,1mol

0,2 mol

0,2 mol

0,2 mol

0,2 mol

Bukanlarutanpenyangga, karenasetelahbereaksi yang tersisaadalahBasaKuat

NaOH 0,1moldangaram (CH3COONa) 0,2 mol.

d. 1L CH3COOH 0,2 M + 0,1 molHCl

Bukanlarutanpenyangga, karenacampurantersebutmerupakancampuranasam
lemah (CH3COOH) danasamkuat (HCl).

37. Diketahui :
m HC3H5O2 = 2 g
mNaOH = 0,45 g
Ka
= 1,4 10-5
Ditanya : pH campuran ?
Jawab :
Mr HC3H5O2 = (3 C) + (6 H) + (2 O)
= (3 12) + (6 1) + (2 16)
= 36 + 6 + 32
= 74
nHC3H5O2 =
=

gr
Mr
2 gr
74

= 0,027 mol
MrNaOH

= (1 Na) + (1 O) + (1 H)
= (1 23) + (1 16) + (1 1)
= 23 + 16 + 1
= 40

nNaOH

gr
Mr

0,45 gr
40

= 0,011 mol
+
H

mol HC 3 H
= Ka mol NaOH

5 O2

0,027

= 1,4 10-5
0,011

pH

= 3,436 10-5
+

=
log H

= 3,436 10-5
= 5 log 3,436